Nalgonda District Research Articles

Perception of farmers on social media in fertilizer marketing: A case study in Nalgonda district

Perception of farmers on social media in fertilizer marketing: A case study in Nalgonda district

Species Composition and Diversity of Stored Grain Pests in Fortified Rice Collected from Different Districts of Telangana State, India

A study was conducted to measure the species composition and diversity of various stored grain insect pests in fortified rice collected from different districts of Telangana,India during 2023-2024. Theresults indicated that a total of six species of stored grain insects belonging to three orders viz., Coleoptera (3), Lepidoptera (2) and Psocoptera (1) were recorded in fortified rice. The six insect species were rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae, Saw toothed beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, redflour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella, rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica and pscocids. Among all these insects highest population of O. surinamensis was recorded in four districts of Telangana except in Ranga reddy and Nalgonda. The diversity indices indicated that Shannon-weiner diversity index (H) was high in Warangal district samples(H=1.426) while the Jagtial population recorded highest Margalef’s species richness index (R=1.27). The highest Pielou’s evenness index was reported from Nalgonda district (e=75), and Simpson diversity index of stored grain pests was found to be maximum (0.718) in Warangal district rice samples. The knowledge on species composition and diversity helps in planning timely management strategies for stored grain pests.

Assessment of Soil Particle Distribution and Primary Nutrient Status in the Groundnut-Producing Areas of Nalgonda, Telangana, India

The current research involved a thorough field survey to assess particle size distribution and the availability of primary nutrients in rabi-grown groundnut soils (2022-2023) across three productivity regions: high (2497.15-3006.47 kg ha-1), medium (1987.82-2497.15 kg ha-1), and low (up to 1987.82 kg ha-1) in Nalgonda district, Telangana. A total of 150 surface soil samples (0 - 15 cm depth), with 50 samples from each productivity region, were collected before the sowing of rabi groundnut crop using a stratified random sampling method. These collected soil samples are further processed and analysed for soil texture, available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). The objective of this research is to know the status of texture and primary nutrients in groundnut growing areas of Nalgonda district. The sand, silt and clay content in high, medium and low productivity regions averaged 72.90%, 71.29%, 67.56%; 6.82%, 8.35%, 10.16% and 20.27%, 20.36%, 22.27% respectively. The respective available N, P and K showed mean values of 257.29 kg ha-1, 189.40 kg ha-1 and 138.99 kg ha-1; 48.025 kg h IJPSS_116978a-1, 44.512 kg ha-1, 27.09 kg ha-1 and 251.91 kg ha-1, 236.48 kg ha-1, 174.86 kg ha-1 in high, medium and low productivity regions. In regions characterized by high productivity, there was a pronounced prevalence of sand content, significantly influencing soil particle aggregation. Notably, silt content exhibited considerable variation, particularly within areas of medium and low productivity, whereas clay content displayed the most variability in regions of low productivity. The availability of nitrogen decreased sequentially from high to medium productivity areas, and further from medium to low productivity regions. This same pattern was observed for available phosphorus and potassium, with substantial variations across the three productivity categories, declining consistently from high productivity regions to low productivity ones. Variations in available phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) exhibited extensive dispersion within every productivity category, as evidenced by the significant standard deviation and coefficient of variation values across these regions. This is particularly notable for potassium, highlighting the necessity of considering diverse soil conditions and factors affecting potassium availability when formulating fertilization plans.

Changing Scenario of Groundnut Stem and Collar Rot Diseases in Major Groundnut Growing Areas of Telangana

A roving survey was carried out in major groundnut-growing regions of Telangana state during kharif 2020 and kharif 2021 season aimed to assess the incidence of stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) and collar rot (Aspergillus niger) disease. The study revealed varying disease incidences at different stages and locations. The highest per cent disease incidence of stem rot from vegetative stage (22.05%) was recorded in Kalvapalle village of Mahabubabad district while maximum collar rot incidence (10.57%) was recorded in Choppadandi village of Karimnagar district. Lowest stem rot (7.81%) and collar rot (3.27%) incidence was recorded in Varkal village of Nalgonda district and Chakalpalle village of Wanaparthy district. Conversely at harvest stage maximum stem rot incidence (9.04%) was observed in Venkatapur village of Warangal district and maximum collar rot incidence (4.31%) was observed in Gundyala village of Mahabubnagar district. Lowest stem rot incidence (1.41%) was recorded in Gurthur village of Mahabubabad district while Collar rot incidence (1.69%) was recorded in Kondapur village of Nalgonda district.

Health Beliefs and Practices Among Subaltern Women: An Ethnographic Account From Rural Telangana, India

Apart from biological factors, social determinants play a major role in shaping health beliefs and paving the way for various behaviours. Subaltern women, being the lowest strata of the caste hierarchy, have additional barriers to accessing modern healthcare and may be more likely to experience poor health outcomes due to a combination of social, economic and cultural factors. Structural violence represents a dynamic process that impedes an individual’s social, economic and biological potential, affecting both socially excluded, economically disadvantaged and historically marginalized subaltern communities. Social justice significantly influences individuals’ life prospects and health outcomes, with health disparities stemming from social disadvantage and inequality. Addressing disparities in health, the Health Gap underscores the importance of acknowledging the role of social determinants of health. Health equity entails enhancing the well-being of marginalized social groups and tackling the broader social determinants of health. The current qualitative study was conducted in three villages in the Nalgonda district of Telangana, India. In addition to focus group discussions and one-on-one interviews, the ethnography method was employed to capture subaltern women’s health beliefs and practices regarding food habits, puberty, menstruation, sexuality and sexual life, childbearing and childbirth, breastfeeding and the role of primary healthcare centres in promoting healthcare. Subaltern women experience double discrimination as members of a lower caste and a weaker gender, and access to healthcare, like other fundamental human rights, is a recurring issue. Many of them are impoverished and unable to afford contemporary medical care, forcing them to rely on the more cost-effective traditional model of healthcare. Despite being forbidden from accomplishing many things owing to a range of societal and age-old customary sanctions, modernization and state-owned institutional mechanisms are bringing about a good shift towards better health.

Comparing various bio-intensive pest management modules in rice

Rice is the key cereal crop in the tropics, supporting diverse pests and natural enemy populations. Recurrent pest outbreaks and yield losses led farmers to rely on extensive insecticide application, disturbing the stability of rice ecosystems and increasing residues in the harvestable products. A study has been conducted to assess the impact of various modules of Bio-Intensive Pest Management (BIPM) on its conservational potential and sustainability in comparison with Farmers’ Practices (FP) in Nalgonda district of Telangana state during kharif-2020. The BIPM practices included application of farm yard manure; rice husk ash; clipping of seedlings; alleyways and weekly release of Trichogramma japonicum in the main field; wet seed treatment and foliar application with Pseudomonas fluorescens (BIPM 1), Trichoderma asperellum strain TAIK1 (BIPM 2) and Bacillus cabrialesii strain BIK3 (BIPM 3). Whereas, FP 1 with need-based insecticide spraying and FP 2 with schedule-based insecticide spraying and Untreated control with (UC) with no intervention. The observations were taken by visual counts at 15-day intervals. The incidence of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis was highest in UC (9.50), followed by BIPM 1 (7.25) and least in FP 2 (2.50) whereas the highest mean population of Apanteles sp. was found in the untreated control (13.75), followed by BIPM 3 (9.50) and least in FP 2 (4.25). The Benefit Cost Ratios (BCR) of BIPM 3 (1.68) were highest followed by BIPM 1 (1.64) and least in FP 2 (1.40) elucidating that BIPM practices can be more economically feasible. The Shannon-Wiener Index for species diversity and species evenness was higher in BIPM treatments as compared to farmers’ practices indicating the potential of these BIPM treatments in natural pest control and maintaining crop ecosystem stability.

Influence of Organic Manures and Foliar Application of Arka Citrus Special on the Growth of Buddlings of Sweet Orange

In India, citrus fruits rank third in area and production after Mango and Banana. A study was conducted at the Horticultural Research Station (HRS) Konda Mallepally, Nalgonda district during Rabi, November 2022 - April 2023. The study aimed to test the effects of organic manures and foliar application of Arka Citrus Special on the growth of sweet orange cv. Sathgudi buddlings. The experiment included fourteen treatments with three replications in RBD. It comprised three types of organic manures (FYM, Vermicompost, Neem cake) and Arka Citrus Special (micronutrient formulation). The application of organic manures and micronutrients showed significant differences in plant height (cm), number of leaves, and leaf area (cm2). During 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of observations, the maximum plant height (26.99 cm), stem diameter (1.23 mm), number of leaves (26.00), girth of the plant (19.5 mm), leaf area (11.70 cm2), internodal length (0.260 cm), absolute growth rate (0.42 cm /day) and relative growth rate (0.10 cm /cm /day).

Integration of Geological and Geophysical Approaches in Meeting the Challenges of Uranium Exploration in the Cuddapah Basin — a Case Study from Chitrial Area, Nalgonda District, Telangana

Abstract Uranium exploration in the Cuddapah Basin is both scientifically and logistically challenging. An integrated multidisciplinary approach is adopted to infer the subsurface geology. Very Low Frequency Electromagnetic (VLF-EM) survey, conducted over parts of Chitrial outlier, Nalgonda district, Telangana, has indicated thirteen subsurface conductors. Two prominent trends, viz. NE-SW and NNE-SSW/N-S, are revealed from the stacked profiles and pseudosections. Six of these conductors (2 NE-SW and 4 NNE-SSW/N-S trending) are found to have appreciable strike extent (>300 m) with steeply dipping (60°–75°) to vertical attitude. These conductors are interpreted to extend ≥75 m into the basement from the overlying sediments. The ballooned-up zones of low apparent resistivity especially in the sediments, associated with one NNE-SSW/N-S and two NESW trending conductors, are interpreted as zones of hydrothermal alteration and, therefore, demarcated as potential targets for subsurface exploration by inclined boreholes. This study indicates that integration of geophysical data with geological features will help in optimizing the exploration input and narrowing down the target zones for uranium exploration even in deeper reaches of the Cuddapah Basin.

Job satisfaction of agricultural extension officers in Nalgonda district of Telangana state

Job satisfaction of agricultural extension officers in Nalgonda district of Telangana state

An Unknown History of Samasthan Narayanpur

Samasthan Narayanpuram is a Mandal headquarters of Bhongir-Yadadri district of Telangana State. Previously it was in Nalgonda District. It is a well-known Samasthan in the reign of Nizamul-Mulk-Asifja of Deccan. Once Nizam government announced a reward to stop atrocities perpetrated by a notorious thief Singal Rao Mannewar in the area of Gattuppal. Manchal Reddy killed the thief and got Narayanpur as the reward. His son Ramana Reddy built Rajapeta fort in 1775. Raja papireddy converted to Islam and subsequently had closer ties with the Nizam. He was renamed as Gulam Ghouse Khan Bahadur. His son-in-law Badruddin Khan built the famous Falaknuma palace on a knell at Narayanpur. This area was infested with notorious thieves so they built a citadal around the entire village with only seven gates. After converting to islam Gulam Ghouse Khan built Masjid-Mahboobia. A minarate was built for giving Azam. This construction of complex one.

Job Competence of Agricultural Extension Officers in Telangana State

The research was conducted in the Nalgonda district of Telangana state with the aim of assessing the job competence and job satisfaction of Agricultural Extension Officers. A total of 120 Agricultural Extension Officers were selected for the study from different Mandals within Nalgonda district. Data was collected to analyse the profile and job competence levels of agricultural extension officers. Two rating techniques were employed in evaluating the job competence level of agricultural extension officers which were Self-rating and Superior rating. The study results revealed that 55.84% of Agricultural Extension Officers rated themselves that they had a medium level of job competence, while in case of superior rating, 57.50% of Agricultural Extension Officers had medium level of competence at a similar level. The overall finding on job competence indicated that 65% of agricultural extension officers were at a medium level of competence. In terms of Self-rating, agricultural extension officers demonstrated higher competence in communicative ability, initiative, empathy, and technical knowledge dimensions with a mean index. On the other hand, according to Superior rating, agriculture extension officers exhibited greater competence in initiative, communicative ability, empathy, and judgement dimensions with the mean index. The study emphasizes exploring job competence levels, various competence dimensions, and the relationship of independent variables with job competence among agricultural extension officers.

POCHAMPALLY IKAT AND FASHION: REDEFINING TRADITIONAL TEXTILES FOR THE GLOBAL MARKET

Indian fashion has been one of the largest contributors to the country’s economy with various traditional textiles. Pochampally Ikat is one of the traditional fabrics that is manufactured in Pochampally, Nalgonda District, Telangana. This is an exceptional fabric that is dyed even before it is woven. This fabric weaving follows the tie and dye technique where the yarns are dyed according to the designs and then taken to the weaving process. This uniqueness paved the way for the fabric to make an entry into the global market. After Independence, Pochampally ikat has made enormous growth with the support of various NGOs and the government. This paper will give insights into the history and process followed in weaving the Pochampally ikat. The paper also focuses on the support mechanisms, demand and supply, and its expansion into the global market. This also includes the threats, challenges, and opportunities of the fabric.

Butterfly fauna of Sherepalli and Peddagattu, Nalgonda district, Telangana, India

Butterfly fauna of Sherepalli and Peddagattu, Nalgonda district, Telangana, India

Quality Analysis and Interpretation of Geochemical Characteristics of Ground Water around Munugode, Nalgonda district, Telangana

The study's main goal is to assess the physical and chemical quality of ground water in Munugode for household, agricultural, and industrial use. Dissolved elements and their characteristics affect water quality. Chemical water analysis based on ion or ion group connections. Graphs relate chemical processes as groundwater movers and water groups with comparable evolutionary histories. Physical and chemical water qualities can aid with these concerns. Several computer programmes and software exist to plot and analyse water appropriateness. Piper's trilinear diagram comprises three fields: two triangular and one diamond-shaped. Lower left triangle shows ppm% values for calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium. Wilcox's diagram is used to identify irrigation water by graphing sodium percentage versus electric conductivity. Wilcox's graphic classifies bore and excavated well samples into four classes.

Natural background gamma radiation levels: A village, Peddamula, in the vicinity of proposed uranium mineralized area, Nalgonda District, Telangana State, India

Natural background gamma radiation emanating from the radionuclides, which are present in the earth crust and materials used for construction, is inescapable feature for human beings. In the present study, a village “Peddamula” selected to estimate the natural background gamma radiation levels in the indoor and outdoor and activity of radionuclides in the soil samples, due to its proximity with proposed uranium mineralized area. The estimated gamma radiation levels with TLDs found to vary from 881 to 2017 μGy.y−1 with an average 1413 ± 248 μGy.y−1 in indoor. The activity of radionuclides estimated for U238, Th232 and K40 from soil samples are 163 ± 12 Bq.Kg−1, 176 ± 14 Bq.Kg−1 and 586 ± 46 Bq.Kg−1, respectively. The ratios between indoor and outdoor gamma radiation levels are found to be 1.14 and the estimated annual effective dose due to natural background gamma radiation is 1.14 ± 0.36 mSv.y−1. The Radium equivalent activity, Internal and External hazard index are also estimated and presented in the paper.

Spatial Estimation of Runoff Using SCS-CN Embedded in GIS Environment: A Case Study of Nalgonda District of Telangana, India

The main aim of the study was to calculate runoff using the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) approach in the Nalgonda district of Telangana, India. The data required for the study was a soil map and a land use land cover map for the calculation of the curve number. The curve number ranges from 1-100 for different land use and soil condition. CN I = 62.57, CN II = 79.22, and CN III = 89.93 are the hydrological soil groups of the AMC conditions for dry, normal, and wet conditions. Rainfall is the most important factor influencing the runoff. The daily rainfall data from 2011 to 2020 were collected from the NASA POWER data viewer website based on latitude and longitude. The highest rainfall was observed during 2013 and 2020 with 987.05mm and 1136.62mm respectively. The runoff was also observed highest in the years 2013 and 2020 with 89.24mm and 89.60mm respectively. The year 2015 is absorbed as a drought year by the Telangana state government with rainfall of 451.68mm and the runoff was observed the lowest at 0.22mm. The total average annual volume of runoff calculated for the Nalgonda district is 207773154.2 m3 from the study area of 7148077000 m2. From 2011 to 2020, the observed percentage of rainfall converting to runoff in the study area was 24.22%. According to this study, it has been concluded that an increase in rainfall results in an increase in runoff. The information is useful for the water resource Engineers to plan the water harvesting methods to increase groundwater resources.

Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture Practices in Rural Communities of Nalgonda District, India

Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture (NSA) is important for rural communities as it promotes the production of diverse, nutrient-rich crops and helps to improve food security, reduce malnutrition, and promote better health outcomes. It also helps to increase the incomes of smallholder farmers and enhance their resilience to climate change and other external shocks.
 The study indicated that the majority of respondents are between the ages of 20 to 40 (59.50%), have a low level of education (51.70% are illiterate), come from joint families (56.10%), and have an annual income between Rs.50,000-1,50,000 (72.78%).
 The study provides information on the nutrition and agricultural practices of the respondents. It shows that a high proportion of respondents practice kitchen/nutrition gardening (85.56%) and grow vegetables in their garden (85.56%). Leafy vegetables (51.67%) and fruits (57.22%) are the most commonly grown crops. However, practices such as integrated farming systems (4.44%), the Nutri thali concept (0.00%), and organic farming (7.22%) are not widely adopted.
 The aim of the study was to know the nutrition sensitive agriculture practices followed by small and marginal women in Nalgonda district of Telangana state. In this study a total number of 180 respondents were selected for the study.
 This study was an attempt to as there is a need to put attention on the educational aspects by stimulating the small and marginal women farmers and the families of rural communities by adopting farming practices that promote the production and consumption of diverse and nutrient-rich crops, rural farmers can also improve their own nutrition as well as that of their communities.

A Study on Awareness about Mosquito Borne Diseases and their Preventive Measures among Pharmacy College Students in Telangana, India

Background: India is a populous country with many health issues wherein mosquito-borne diseases (MBDs) are also a health threatening condition. Aim: To find out the awareness about MBD and preventive measures being used by students of a pharmacy college in Telangana state. Materials and Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted between July 1st to 31st, 2018 in a pharmacy college in Nalgonda district. 112 students participated in the study and data was collected using predesigned and pretested, semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: Data was presented in proportions with confidence interval using IBM SPSS Version 20 software (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Armonk, NY). Results: The study included 112 study participants with majority (63.4%) of them being males and 75.9% being 17--20 years of age. 87.5% had knowledge that fever was the main symptom of malaria followed chills.(67.8%) Majority of students got their knowledge from internet (89.2%). Conclusions: While knowledge about MBDs and their preventive measures is good, their practice is poor, and the students have to be further educated upon this.

Tuberculosis diagnostic practices among private medical practitioners of modern medicine in South India – A cross-sectional study

Abstract Background: India has the highest tuberculosis (TB) burden in the world and account for nearly one-fourth of the global burden of TB. Although the Indian government provides a basic national health service, an increasingly large number of health-care interactions in India are with the physicians in the private sector. Objective: The objective is to study the TB diagnostic practices among private medical practitioners and to determine the association of diagnostic practices with socio-demographic factors, the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) training status, and professional/academic qualification of private medical practitioners. Materials and Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional study conducted in the urban areas of Nalgonda district between October 2015 and September 2017. The study included all medical general practitioners (GP) and all specialists practicing internal medicine, chest medicine, and pediatrics, registered with the Indian Medical Association (IMA) branches and had a private practice in the study area. The study included 101 private medical practitioners from three IMA branches. The data on diagnostic practices of TB and RNTCP training status were collected by an interview using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. The data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 19th version. Results: The majority of study participants in this study were GP, while specialists constituted a smaller portion. Most of these private medical practitioners opted sputum smear examination as their second preferred investigation after a chest X-ray. For the diagnosis of pulmonary TB, majority of the private practitioners preferred both sputum smears examination and chest X-ray. The private medical practitioners who had received the RNTCP training were employing sputum smear microscopy as a diagnostic tool and were also aware about notification of TB. Conclusions: Overreliance on chest X-ray as the investigation of choice to diagnose pulmonary TB and for follow-up. Training in RNTCP has a positive impact on practicing standard diagnostic practices, treatment, and referral practices on private medical practitioners.

Impact of Improved Technologies on Rice Productivity and Profitability at Nalgonda District, Telangana

The present study was conducted during rabi season of 2017–18 and 2018–19 (November–April) to assess the performance of rice variety KNM 118 (Kunaram sannalu) over existing farmers’ popular variety MTU 1010 in fifty (50) number of farmers fields of Miryalaguda and Damaracherla mandals in Nalgonda District, Telangana, India under Tribal Sub-plan. Based on the collected data, per cent increase yield over the farmer’s practice, economics such as gross returns, cost of cultivation, net returns, additional costs, effective gain, additional returns and incremental benefit-cost ratio were worked out. The technology gap, extension gap and technology index were calculated. The results revealed that the average grain yield was 7297.5 kg ha-1 in improved practice which was a 12.1% increase over the farmer’s practice i.e. 6510.0 kg ha-1 during the study period. Mean of the extension gap, technology gap, and technology index were 787.5 kg ha-1, 202.5 kg ha-1, and 2.7%, respectively over the seasons. The average gross returns and net returns of ` 1,29,211.3 ha-1 and ` 76,812.8 ha-1, respectively were higher in demonstration plots as compared to farmer’s practices over the two seasons. The benefit-cost ratio recorded was 2.5 in improved practice, and 2.2 in farmer’s practices. The average sustainability yield index and sustainability value index in improved practice were 0.94 and 0.88 and in the farmer’s practice were 0.94 and 0.89 during the study period. The horizontal spread of the improved practice was increased from 107.5 ha to 1442.0 ha, which was 1222.8%.