Naive Bayes Classification Algorithm Research Articles

Machine Learning Based Spam Comments Detection on Youtube: A Comparison of Regression Models

The rise of spam comments on platforms like YouTube has become a significant concern, as they not only hinder genuine user engagement but also pose serious risks to users' safety and privacy. Machine Learning (ML) offers a powerful solution to combat spam comments by automating the process of detecting and preventing them. With the ability to analyze vast amounts of data and patterns, ML algorithms can effectively distinguish between legitimate comments and those that are spam. One of the commonly employed approaches in ML for spam comment detection is the Naive Bayes classification algorithm. Naive Bayes is a probabilistic algorithm that calculates the likelihood of a comment being spam based on its characteristics and the occurrence of specific keywords or phrases that are typical of spam content. By training the algorithm on a labeled dataset of spam and non-spam comments, it can learn to recognize patterns and generalize its understanding to new, unseen comments. Achieving a detection accuracy of 92.78% is indeed promising, but researchers and developers continue to explore other ML techniques and combinations to further improve the accuracy and robustness of spam comment detection systems. Ensemble methods, deep learning, and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques are among the advanced approaches gaining attention in this domain. One crucial aspect of an effective spam detection system is its adaptability and responsiveness to emerging spam tactics.

POI Route Recommendation Model Based on Symmetrical Naive Bayes Classification Spatial Accessibility and Improved Cockroach Swarm Optimization Algorithm

The commonly used POI route recommendation methods usually ignore the effects of tourists’ interests and transportation geographical conditions, and so may not output the optimal results. To solve the problems, we propose a POI route recommendation model based on symmetrical Naive Bayes classification spatial accessibility (NBCSA) and an improved cockroach swarm optimization algorithm (ICSOA), aiming to recommend POI routes that satisfy tourists’ interests and have the lowest travel costs under tourism transportation geographical conditions. Using the historical POIs visited by tourists as the training set, we construct an improved symmetrical Naive Bayes classification algorithm (NBCA), and the POIs in the destination city are divided into categories by tourists’ preferences. Then we propose an improved NBCSA model to calculate the spatial accessibility field strength (SAFS) for each category’s POIs. Based on the recommended POIs, we propose the ICSOA to recommend optimal POI routes. The experiment verifies that the proposed algorithm can effectively classify the POIs and recommend POIs that best match the tourists’ interests and produce the lowest travel costs. Compared with the TCA and GDA method, the proposed algorithm can output the POI routes with lower travel costs and has higher algorithm execution efficiency. Among the output optimal routes, the proposed algorithm can reduce costs by 5.62% at the lowest and 52.25% at the highest.

Sentiment Classification of Over-Tourism Issues in Responsible Tourism Content using Naïve Bayes Classifier

The research problem addressed in this study is the analysis of public sentiment regarding over-tourism issues. Utilizing the Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) methodology and the Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) algorithm, the study navigates through stages of business understanding, data processing, modeling, evaluation, and deployment. The central focus lies in understanding and classifying public sentiments surrounding the challenges associated with over-tourism. The findings reveal that the NBC algorithm, particularly when augmented with Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE), demonstrates superior performance metrics, showcasing an accuracy of 84.82%, precision of 91.69%, recall of 76.75%, f-measure of 83.47%, and AUC of 0.838. The comparison with NBC without SMOTE, which registers an accuracy of 78.16%, precision of 87.61%, recall of 74.56%, f-measure of 80.51%, and AUC of 0.745, underscores the significance of addressing class imbalance for improved predictive performance. Integrating CRISP-DM with the NBC algorithm and SMOTE proves instrumental in advancing sentiment analysis methodologies, providing nuanced insights into public perceptions and attitudes concerning the critical issue of over-tourism.

Development of a patient health monitoring system based on the internet of things with a module for predicting vital signs

<span>Recent issues related to human health in the world have shown the importance of telemedicine considering necessities to perform the remote monitoring of patients. In this study, using a patient smart monitoring system (PSMS), we collected 5,000 samples of heart rate and blood saturation vital signs from 4 volunteers and tried to find better correlation algorithms to develop a module to predict what these vital signs will be in the next 60 seconds. The following regression algorithms recurrent neural network (long short-term memory) (RNN(LSTM)), autorregresive integrated moving average (ARIMA), value-added reseller vector autoregression (VAR) were used to forecast the patient's state of health in the next 60 seconds. Further, the support vector machine (SVM) and Naive Bayes classification algorithms use the data forecasted by the regression algorithms as input to predict the health status of the patients. When comparing algorithms, we focused on the F measure, a metric used to evaluate the performance of machine learning algorithms. As a result, RNN(LSTM) and SVM showed the performance score value of machine learning algorithms F 0.84, RNN(LSTM) and Naive Bayes 0.81, VAR and SVM 0.82, and VAR and Naive Bayes 0.75. Compared to them, the correlation of ARIMA regression algorithms and SVM classification showed a better F score of 0.86 for machine learning algorithms than the others.</span>

Use of the Naive Bayes Classifier Algorithm in Machine Learning for Student Performance Prediction

This study focused on the development and analysis of a methodological platform grounded in machine learning principles for evaluating learning processes and enhancing student outcomes. The aim of this research was to develop and test a method for evaluating students’ academic performance based on the Naive Bayes classifier. Also, an objective of this study was to create an efficient tool capable of automating and optimize the assessment of educational performance using contemporary machine learning methods and technologies. The study employed the Naive Bayes analysis technique to predict student achievements, with the algorithm being implemented in Python. Despite an emphasis on the development of a software product, the research primarily focused on the development and analysis of the method. Our findings underscore the novelty of this approach, which can serve as a valuable tool for educational institutions and educators.

Penerapan Data Mining Menggunakan Metode Algoritma Naive Bayes Classifier untuk Mendukung Strategi Promosi

The purpose of this study is to make it easier to find out the prediction results with the classification method from PPDB data for 2021-2022 to support promotion strategies at the Skye Foundation with the Naive Bayes Classifier Algorithm and to find out the level of accuracy in classification in determining promotion strategies. In this study the authors used 210 data as training data and 53 data as testing data for manual testing in excel and for testing using RapidMiner tools. Based on the results of the analysis in the research conducted, the results of predicting registration and non-registration quickly and accurately from tests carried out by comparing training data with data testing using RapidMiner tools obtained an accuracy rate of 92.45%.

Construction of a radiomics-based model for predicting the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer

ObjectivePre-treatment enhanced CT image data were used to train and build models to predict the efficacy of non-small cell lung cancer after conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy using two classification algorithms, Logistic Regression (LR) and Gaussian Naive Baye (GNB). MethodsIn this study, we used pre-treatment enhanced CT image data for region of interest (ROI) sketching and feature extraction. We utilized the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) mutual confidence method for feature screening. We pre-screened logistic regression (LR) and Gaussian naive Bayes (GNB) classification algorithms and trained and modeled the screened features. We plotted 5-fold and 10-fold cross-validated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to calculate the area under the curve (AUC). We performed DeLong's test for validation and plotted calibration curves and decision curves to assess model performance. ResultsA total of 102 patients were included in this study, and after a comparative analysis of the two models, LR had only slightly lower specificity than GNB, and higher sensitivity, accuracy, AUC value, precision, and F1 value than GNB (training set accuracy: 0.787, AUC value: 0.851; test set accuracy: 0.772, AUC value: 0.849), and the LR model has better performance in both the decision curve and the calibration curve. ConclusionCT can be used for efficacy prediction after radiotherapy and chemotherapy in NSCLC patients. LR is more suitable for predicting whether NSCLC prognosis is in remission without considering the computing speed.

Classification of six banana ripeness levels based on statistical features on machine learning approach

<span>Banana plants are often cultivated because they have many benefits. In producing, we need to maintain the quality of bananas by looking at banana ripeness levels before being distributed to markets. The level of banana ripeness is related to marketing reach. If the marketing reach is far, bananas should be harvested when the ripeness level of bananas is still relatively low. A system that can classify the degree of ripeness of bananas can help overcome this problem. In this study, our dataset includes 6 ripeness levels of bananas, more than in previous related studies. Furthermore, we use the statistical features extraction method to find the parameters that affect the level of banana ripeness, considering the texture and color of the banana peel which determines the level of ripeness visually. The extraction used is features extraction based on a histogram, then we employ four features, i.e., mean, skewness, energy descriptor, and smoothness, generated from the image dataset. In the next stage, we perform classification based on the features that have been obtained. In this study, we use Naive Bayes classifier and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms. Based on the result of this research, the best performance is the Naive Bayes classifier, with an accuracy is 86.67%, a weighted average precision of 83.55%, and a weighted average recall of 86.67%.</span>

Sentiment Analysis of the Popularity of Parties Supporting the 2024 Presidential Candidates on Twitter Using the Naive Bayes Classifier Algorithm

In accordance with the democratic system of government, Indonesia allows each political party or combination of parties running in the general election to nominate its own presidential and vice presidential candidates, as long as these candidates meet legal requirements. Presidential elections are scheduled for 2024. A political figure who wants to run for president at that time will have to rely heavily on public opinion for support. As the 2024 election approaches, political parties are increasingly turning to social media to spread their messages and increase their support. The aim of this research is to compare the level of support for the two leading candidates for president and vice president in 2024 on Twitter to determine the proportion of tweets that are positive, negative, or neutral.The aim of this research is to compare the level of support for the two main candidates for president and vice president in 2024 on Twitter to determine the proportion of tweets that are positive, negative, or neutral.

Performance Analysis of Chicken Freshness classification using Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, and k-NN

Chicken is one of the staple foods that is widely enjoyed by all. To obtain the benefits of chicken meat, the level of freshness becomes one of the main keys. In general, the level of freshness of chicken meat is divided into two classes, namely fresh and non-fresh. The difference in the level of freshness can be seen from the color changes of each class. Spoiled chicken (chicken died yesterday) is one type of meat in the non-fresh group. The widespread sale of spoiled chicken meat among the public raises doubts about choosing chicken that is suitable and unsuitable for consumption. Therefore, chicken meat freshness classification is needed to facilitate the selection of chicken meat based on color characteristics. The use of Naive Bayes Classifier algorithm in categorizing fresh and non-fresh classes is done by calculating the probability value of each image channel input. This research was conducted to compare the Naive Bayes, decision tree, and K-NN algorithms in classifying chicken meat based on color characteristics. The results of the study showed that the Naive Bayes classifier algorithm was superior to the decision tree and K-NN algorithms with an accuracy rate of 75%, precision of 79%, and recall of 65%. It is known that 27 images were predicted correctly and 9 images were predicted incorrectly out of a total 36 data. The use of a histogram in this study aims to differentiate chicken meat images from non-meat during the testing process of the model using the Naive Bayes classifier algorithm.

PENERAPAN DATA MINING DENGAN METODE NAIVE BAYES CLASSIFIER PADA PENJUALAN BARANG UNTUK OPTIMASI STRATEGI PEMASARAN

Along with technological developments, market developments are also increasing rapidly and competition is starting to occur between entrepreneurs and business people, which requires entrepreneurs to take advantage of existing technology. At this time the Universal Homeware Store does not realize that this data can be processed effectively to find out the development of a business or business that is being run, besides that the procurement of goods that customers need is often unavailable. One of the data processing technologies is by applying data mining. Data mining is a form of extracting information from data that is large enough to obtain data patterns so as to produce information data that is useful for making decisions and increasing profits in developing marketing strategies. One of the uses of data mining is using the Naive Bayes Classifier algorithm. Naive Bayes Classifier is one of the existing algorithms in data mining which is used to deal with uncertainty problems by emphasizing the concept of probability of use and measuring the level of accuracy so that it can predict purchasing strategies from past sales analysis. with research results Using 36 data and with rapid minner tools produces an accuracy value of 80%

PENDEKATAN DATA MINING UNTUK MEMILIH PRODUK TERLARIS MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA NAIVE BAYES

Technological advances today can be exploited to process data into more useful information. In data collection, information collection is especially useful to maximize profits and develop marketing strategies. One way to increase profits is by using data mining techniques to help business actors in making decisions about stocks, increased profits and more. The Matahari Department Store is the largest retail platform in Indonesia, one of the retail stores located in Batam is the Matahari Department store Nagoya Hill Batam. The transaction data on the store that is still processed does not use a method that causes the processing of product sales data to be less effective and less efficient. Seeing from the number of transactions, a system is needed to predict the sale of the best-selling product as long as it can determine the correct stock for the products sold and can increase the profit, sale and purchase of the product. This research was conducted with the aim of applying data mining methods using the Naive Bayes Classifier algorithm to select the best-selling products in the outlet of the Matahari Nagoya Hill Batam Department Store. By using the collected sales data, the system is expected to increase profits steadily and avoid shortages of product stocks. Through analysis using the Naive Bayes Classifier method, the study achieved an accuracy of 67% and obtained a bag sales result to be the best-selling sale during January 2023 through March 2023 with a sales percentage of 20%.

Süper Çözünürlük Yönteminin Uydu İmgelerinin Sınıflandırma Performansına Etkisi

The high resolution of the image is very important for applications. Publicly available satellite images generally have low resolutions. Since low resolution causes loss of information, the desired performance cannot be achieved depending on the type of problem studied in the field of remote sensing. In such a case, super resolution algorithms are used to render low resolution images high resolution. Super resolution algorithms are used to obtain high resolution images from low resolution images. In studies with satellite images, the use of images enhanced with super resolution is important. Since the resolution of satellite images is low, the success rate in the classification process is low. In this study, super resolution method is proposed to increase the classification performance of satellite images. The attributes of satellite images were extracted using AlexNet, ResNet50, Vgg19 from deep learning architecture. Then the extracted features were then classified into 6 classes by giving input to AlexNet-Softmax, ResNet50-Softmax, Vgg19-Softmax, Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbor, decision trees and Naive Bayes classification algorithms. Without super resolution and with super resolution feature extraction and classification processes were performed separately. Classification results without super resolution and with super resolution were compared. Improvement in classification performance was observed using super resolution.

PENERAPAN ALGORITMA NAÏVE BAYES UNTUK PREDIKSI PENJUALAN PRODUK ICONNET

ICONNET, which is a product from PT Indonesia Comnets Plus for the retail customer segment, is a new internet provider. ICONNET intends to provide the best for the Indonesian people. They need to have a strategy in order to continue to increase sales of their products. In the sales process, one way to increase product sales is to know the history of product sales to customers. Is it in accordance with the sales target or not. So if the sales target has not been met, it can be used as a performance evaluation, especially for the marketing and sales team. Therefore, the authors created a sales prediction system by implementing the Naive Bayes Classifier Algorithm which can be used to predict sales of ICONNET products based on previously recorded data. Testing the system with the black box method and performance testing. The resulting output is a web-based system. The percentage of accuracy test results are 89.189%. While the results of performance testing obtained a score with grade A (91%). It is hoped thet in the future this system can be developed with more attention to user needs.

Automatic classification method of power user’s requirements text based on parallel naive Bayesian algorithm

In order to ensure the efficiency of power user’s requirements processing, an automatic classification method for demand test of power users based on parallel naive Bayesian algorithm is proposed. Polynomial naive Bayes is selected to build Hadoop cluster, and the feature words of power user’s requirements are selected through chi square test. The weight of each feature item is calculated by word frequency-inverse text frequency index method, and the weight sum of each category is calculated. The weight sum is input into naive Bayes algorithm to output the text classification results of power user’s requirements. At the same time, The naive Bayes classification algorithm is parallelized and encapsulated to reduce the cost of data movement and exchange in the classification process, and improve the operation efficiency of demand text classification of power user. The experimental results show that this method can accurately extract the feature words of power user’s requirements, effectively realize the automatic classification of power user’s requirements text, and have a more accurate classification effect. The average fitness value of the proposed method tends to be stable after more than 20 training times, and the number of network convergence steps is 7. When the ratio of energy function is about 0.4 and 0.6, the average IU value is the highest. When the required number of texts ranges from 500 to 1500, the delay time of text classification is 0.02 s, and the peak signal-to-noise ratio is more than 33, among which the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio is 42.52, and the normalization coefficient is 1.

Classification of Health and Nutritional Status of Toddlers Using the Naïve Bayes Classification

Life is characterized by the presence of symptoms of growth and development. The growth and development of the degree of health of each individual are different. In this case, one of the efforts to improve health status is to improve nutritional status. Nutritional status is the state of the body related to food consumption patterns and the use of nutrients that are tailored to the body's needs. Improving nutritional status is useful for increasing body resistance and promoting normal growth. In the daily actualization of the nutritional status of toddlers at the posyandu, it is usually obtained through anthropometric measurements, namely by using the weight/age index or weight-for-age to determine nutritional status. However, in measuring with anthropometry, there was confusion in determining nutritional quality, so to get accurate results, a data mining method is needed, namely the Naive Bayes Classification (NBC) Algorithm, which will be implemented in research. With this research, it is hoped that it can help posyandu cadres in the Baros sub-district, Cimahi sub-district, and Cimahi city determine the level of health and nutritional status of toddlers better and more accurately.

Sentiment Analysis of Towards Electric Cars using Naive Bayes Classifier and Support Vector Machine Algorithm

The use of non-renewable energy sources causes a reduction in fossil fuel resources, and greenhouse gas emissions. Based on the 2020 Climate Transparency Report, G20 member countries are trying to minimize gas emissions according to the target of the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), that the transportation sector contributes 27% of air pollution. The solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is to start using electric cars. The change from conventional transportation to electric transportation is expected to reduce carbon emissions and dependency on fossil fuels. However, the transition from conventional transportation to electric transportation raises pros and cons for the people of Indonesia. Social media Twitter is a forum for sharing opinions. Twitter users can express opinions on a matter. This study uses the sentiment analysis method to determine public opinion on the use of electric cars in Indonesia. Sentiment classification was performed using the NBC and SVM Algorithms. The results of this study indicate the use of two different algorithms, namely the Naive Bayes Classifier and SVM with the highest accuracy in Naive Bayes with k = 2 and k = 9 is 88%, while the highest accuracy in SVM with k = 9 and k = 10 is 90%. Thus, SVM has better capabilities than Naive Bayes in this study.

SENTIMENT ANALYSIS OF LEAGUE OF LEGENDS: WILD RIFT REVIEWS ON GOOGLE PLAY USING NAÏVE BAYES CLASSIFIER

League of Legends: Wild Rift is a mobile game with more than 48 million downloads worldwide. The game publishers could earn profit from selling item in the game (in-app purchases). Performance of player and players' impressions during the first week usually determine whether players would made in-app purchases or not. Therefore, it is important to understand the player opinions so that the game publisher could encourage the players to increase the in-app purchases. Therefore, this research utilized sentiment analysis to study the player opinions about the League of Legends: Wild Rift game based on the reviews given by the players on the Google Play Store. The sentiment analysis was applied by using Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) algorithm which was well known for achieving good accuracy in the sentiment analysis task. In addition, data preprocessing and feature extraction should be carried out properly to increase the accuracy of the classifier. Therefore, this research investigated the impact of using stemming and transformation of informal words into formal words in the preprocessing stages, then compared two feature extraction algorithms, namely Term Frequency – Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) and Bag of Words (BOW). From the experiment, it was found that the use of stemming could decrease the accuracy of the classifier, but the use of transformation of non-standard words into standard words could improve the performance of the classifier, for both feature extractions, BOW and TF-IDF. In this case, BOW feature extraction was able to achieve better performance, compared to TF-IDF. The best model was achieved when not using stemming, applying the transformation of informal words into formal words, and using BOW bigram feature extraction, with the accuracy of 79,3%, precision of 82.10%, recall of 83.50%, and f1-score of 82,8.10%.

Implementation of Naive Bayes Classification Algorithm in Determining Appropriate Help Targets of Unlimited Houses (RTLH) in Bojonegoro District

Rumah merupakan salah satu kebutuhan primer bagi setiap individu, dan termasuk kedalam aset terpenting yang harus dimiliki. Kelayakan rumah yang layak huni dan tidak layak huni harus dipertimbangkan. Rumah yang tidak memenuhi kecukupan minimum dari segi ruang dan luas ruangan dianggap sebagai Rumah tidak layak huni (RTLH). Untuk mengatasi terjadinya peningkatan RTLH maka pemerintah menanggulanginya dengan memberikan bantuan kepada masyarakat yang layak menerima dengan tepat sasaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan metode Naïve Bayes dalam menentukan bantuan tepat sasaran menggunakan dua kelas penelitian, yakni layak menerima bantuan RTLH dan tidak layak menerima bantuan RTLH. Dari analisis klasifikasi menggunakan confusion matrix didapatkan hasil akurasi sebesar 63%, recall 100% dan presisi 25% untuk 400 data training dan 100 data testing dari total 500 data dengan 10 atribut pengujian.The house is one of the primary needs for every individual, and is included in the most important asset that must be owned. The livability of the livable and uninhabitable houses should be considered. A house that does not meet the minimum adequacy in terms of space and room area is considered an uninhabitable house (RTLH). To overcome the increase in RTLH, the government overcomes it by providing assistance to people who deserve to receive it on target. This study aims to apply the Naïve Bayes method in determining targeted assistance using two research classes, namely eligible to receive RTLH assistance and not eligible to receive RTLH assistance. From the classification analysis using the confusion matrix, the results obtained are 63% accuracy, 100% recall and 25% precision for 400 training data and 100 testing data from a total of 500 data with 10 test attributes.

Klasifikasi Sentimen Masyarakat di Twitter Terhadap Ancaman Resesi Ekonomi 2023 dengan Metode Naïve Bayes Classifier

Economic recession is a condition in which the economic turnover of a country changes to slow or bad that can last for years as a result of the growth of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) a country decreases over two decades significantly. Early warnings of the emergence of a global recession become a concern for all countries in the world, even global recessions also have a major impact on Indonesia. Such as declining public spending due to decreasing incomes, increasing unemployment, increasing poverty, and many of whom have to accept PHK or salary cuts. Economic strengthening will be important in minimizing these threats, this research needs to be done to see the response of the public to the threat of economic recession. Twitter provides a container to users to comment on the problem of the economy recession 2023 which can be used as sentiment classification information to know positive and negative comments. This research uses the naive bayes classifier algorithm. In this study there are seven main processes, namely data collection, manual labelling, processing, feature weighing (tf-idf), tresholding, naive bayes method classification, testing. From the 1408 comments data on Twitter about the threat of a 2023 economic recession. Based on the results of the classification, using 2 testing models namely data balance and non-balance data obtained the best balance data test results with the highest accuracy result with the process of classification using algortima naïve bayes classifier resulted in accurateness of 78% obtainable by using a comparison of 90% training data and 10% test data.