Prunus Cerasifera Research Articles

Cloning of MYB10, PAL and UFGT genes from ‘Cuihongli’ and ‘Qiangcuili’

PAL, UFGT as structural genes and MYB10 as a regulatory gene play an important role in the accumulation of anthocyanins in plants. In this experiment, ‘Cuihongli’ and ‘Qiangcuili’ were used as materials to clone PAL, UFGT and MYB10 related to anthocyanin synthesis by homologous sequence cloning. The results showed that the full length of PAL was 2160 bp, encoding 719 amino acids; the full length of UFGT was 1428 bp, encoding 475 amino acids, and the differences of PAL and UFGT between the two cultivars were one amino acid and three amino acids, respectively. The sequence length of ‘Cuihongli’ MYB10 gene is 732 bp, which encodes 243 amino acids and belongs to the superfamily of SANT family. Homology analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the proteins encoded by PAL, UFGT and MYB10 genes were short and closely related to Prunus persica, Prunus avium, Prunus armeniaca and Prunus cerasifera in Rosaceae.

МЕЛИТТОФИЛЬНЫЙ КОМПЛЕКС РАСТЕНИЙ, ОБЕСПЕЧИВАЮЩИХ КОРМОВУЮ БАЗУ МЕДОНОСНЫХ ПЧЕЛ (APIS MELLIFERA) В ГОРНО-ЛЕСНОЙ ЗОНЕ КРЫМА

For the first time, in the mountain-forest ecosystems of Crimea of parcel organization level adjacent to the beehives of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.), a species composition of plants representing the melittophilic complex has been identified which provides honey bees with pollen and nectar during the entire warm season. The complex includes 57 species of plants where the honey bees that collect pollen or nectar have been registered. The core of the melittophilic complex consisted of 35 species of plants, the proportion of simultaneously flowering (in any period of the season) flowers of each one exceeded 2.5 % of the total number of flowers of all flowering species at this time. In early spring, the list of such species included 15 plant species belonging to 14 genera and 12 families. In this period, the decisive forage value (species whose flower share exceeded 10 % of all flowering flowers) was represented by 4 plant species: Cornus mas L., Corylus avellana L., Dentaria quinquefolia M. B. and Prunus divaricata Ledeb., the important value (the flowers share made <10 %, but >2.5 %) had 4 species: Ficaria verna Huds., Galanthus plicatus M. Bieb., Primula vulgaris Huds. and Scilla bifolia L. In spring, the forage base made up 20 plant species belonging to 18 genera and 7 families. Four species had decisive forage value: Cerasus avium L., Malus sylvestris L., Prunus spinosa L. and Pyrus elaeagrifolia Jacq., 7 species had important value: Crataegus monogyna Jacq., Fragaria vesca L., Lamium purpureum L., Crepis pulchra L., Prunus domestica L., Thlaspi arvense L. and Trifolium ambiguum M. Most of the species belonged to the Rosaceae family (10 species). In summer period, the forage basis comprised 20 species of melittophilic plants belonging to 19 genera and 9 families. 5 species had decisive value: Cichorium intybus L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Echium vulgare L., Medicago sativa L. and Trifolium ambiguum M., the important value had 7 species: Achillea millefolium L., Betonica officinalis L., Ballota nigra L., Centaurea diffusa Lam., Clematis vitalba L., Linaria vulgaris Mill. and Onobrychis sativa Lam. The representatives of the Asteraceae family (7 species) dominated; the representatives of Fabaceae (5 species) and Lamiaceae (4 species) also played a significant role. In autumn, there were the following food sources for honey bees: Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC., Centaurea diffusa Lam., Erýngium campéstre L., Carduus crispus L., and on the steppe slopes of the mountains: Scilla autumnalis L. and Crocus speciosus M. B. It has been established that the greatest number of melittophilic plant species in the studied mountain-forest biogeocenoses grow on parcels of forest edges and glades, steppe slopes of the mountains in their natural state. Oak-hornbeam and floodplain tree-shrub parcels have a smaller variety of species, but are essential for bees in early spring and spring..

The art of arboplastics in the landscape architecture

Arbosculpture in Russia is a developing art form. Nowadays there is a small number of works devoted to this topic in our country. In this regard, the aim of the following work is to study the technology of creating arbosculptures in the conditions of the central region of Russia. The material for creating arbosculptures are woody plants of the following species: Fraxinus excelsior L., Acer platanoides L., Prunus cerasifera Ehrh, Prunus cerasus L. The formation of sculptures takes 5 years or more. The process of the creation includes such stages as – making a sketch design, selection of a breed, planting a seedling (s), trimming, concrescence/ ingrafting, measures for the care and preservation of a given shape.

Economic and biological evaluation hybrids of Prunus cerasifera Ehrem. var. pissardii Bail. in conditions of the Southern Urals

Given is the analysis of the basic economic and useful features of 9 genotypes F2 by hybrids of russian cherry plum (Prunus cerasifera var. pissardii) in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the southern Urals. On the research period during, three selection forms: ‘Alma’, G 7-116, 9266 had a degree of freezing to 1.8 mark, the others no more than 1.0 mark. During the winter period of 2017/18, the death of generative buds by all genotypes was from 2.5 to 3.0 marks (25-50 %), which negatively affected to crop capacity. According to the results of research identified were four genotypes with weak growth of tree, which the height varies from 2.8 m (P 3-92) to 3.0 m (‘Duduka’). The group of medium-sized plants got five hybrid forms, where the highest plant height (4.5 m) was found by the genotype 9-266 – 4.5 m. The volume of the crown of the following forms varies from 4.2 m3 (P 3-92) to 17.8 m3 (9-266). Two genotypes have been identified for use in selection on a complex of attributes (large-fruiting, taste characteristics, crop capacity): ‘Duduka’, G 7-116. For the study of production was selected the sampling of the sort G 7-116.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ САЖЕНЦЕВ СЛИВЫ, ВЫРАЩИВАЕМЫХ В ПЛОДОВОМ ПИТОМНИКЕ ПРИ КАПЕЛЬНОМ ОРОШЕНИИ

There is currently a lack of capacity in the Russian nursery-garden, as a result of which a significant part of the planting material comes from abroad. Drip irrigation is one of the types of resource-saving technologies that can intensify agricultural production, including in the field of growing planting stock for gardening. The goal of the work was to study the effect of drip irrigation on the formation of plum seedlings grown in a fruit nursery under the conditions of the central Nonblack Soil zone of Russia. Field studies were conducted on the territory of the educational-experimental farm of the Michurinsky Garden fruit-growing laboratory of the Russian State Agrarian University–Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. A two-factor field experiment was laid in spring 2018. The first factor is the drip irrigation mode; the second factor is the plum varieties (Mashenka and Utro) grafted on cherry plum stock. The results of the experiment show that an irrigation mode with maintaining soil moisture in the range of 80–100% of the lowest moisture capacity with a soaking depth of 30 cm in the first year and 40 cm in the second year is recommended to more rationally use irrigation water and to obtain high-quality plum planting material in the nursery. This irrigation mode was noted to result in the maximum values of the stem diameter, height of seedlings, and leaf surface area.

Book review

Plum is a significant temperate fruit and a very important fruit species in Hungary as well. Cultivation has moved beyond the area boundaries of the Northern Hemisphere many centuries ago. Domestic (European) plum production has been particularly affected by the pandemic-scale destruction of the Sharka virus and worldwide breed changes. According to FAOSTAT (2016) data, world plum production is 12 million tones, with 36% from Eurasian, 63% from Japan and other Asian varieties. The share of American plums is only 1%. Domestication and dissemination of plums is „multi-stepped” because homemade (taste) plums are hybrids of two nature species in the first place, but Japanese plums (hybrids with Chinese plums or Prunus cerasifera) are not uniform; the role of the American plum species is much smaller, though their prospects cannot to predict with certainly. The book consists of 19 chapters, finding a complex way of summing up linguistic, historical, floristic, historical-botanical, cultivation, and morphological and anatomical knowledge.

Effect of temperature on pollen germination for several Rosaceae species: influence of freezing conservation time on germination patterns.

Between February 2018 and April 2018, flowers were collected from eight Rosaceae species. Flowers were kept in a freezer at −20 °C for three freezing times (Treatment 1, two months; Treatment 2, four months; Treatment 3, six months). After extracting pollen, in vitro germination was induced in a culture medium and incubated at six different temperatures for 72 h. The percentage of pollen germination, average pollen tube length and maximum pollen tube length were measured. Pollen germination was maximum for all species between 15 °C and 30 °C. Cydonia oblonga, Malus sylvestris, Prunus avium, Prunus domestica, Prunus dulcis, Prunus persica and Pyrus communis obtained 30–52% pollen germination between 15 °C and 20 °C. Prunus cerasifera had 40% pollen germination at 30 °C. All species studied reached the maximum pollen tube length between 10 °C and 25 °C. Germination did not change significantly for any of the species with freezing time, but we found significant differences in the three parameters measured between treatments. The highest germination percentages were obtained in Treatment 2 (four months frozen at −20 °C), while the maximum pollen tube length was reached in Treatment 1 (two months frozen at −20 °C). According to our results, freezing time affected the germination-temperature patterns. This could indicate that studies on the effect of temperature on pollen germination should always be carried out with fresh pollen to obtain more conclusive data.

Development of an in vitro micropropagation protocol for Myrobalan 29C rootstock

Stone fruits are well known for their high nutritional value. Therefore, in horticulture, the micropropagation of suitable rootstocks is vital for their cultivation. The aim of the present study was to improve the micropropagation protocol of Myrobalan 29C (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.) rootstock using shoot-tip culture. Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium containing 2 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.05 mg L-1 gibberellic acid (GA3) resulted in the highest number (14.3) of multiple shoots. However, a greater shoot length (2.0 cm) was attained when GA3 was excluded from the MS medium and the concentration of BAP was reduced to 1 mg L-1. Root induction was best in ½MS medium containing 0.5 mg L-1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 0.5 mg L-1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid, and 10 mL L-1 (≈13 mg L-1 Fe) ethylenediamine di-2-hydroxyphenyl acetate ferric with 7.0 roots per explant. On the other hand, the longest root (12.5 cm) was obtained from increased concentration to 1 mg L-1 of IBA. The establishment of a well-defined micropropagation protocol will lead to further biotechnological improvement of this crop.

Phenotypic and fruit characterizations of Prunus divaricata Ledeb. germplasm from the north of Iran

Domestication of Prunus divaricata Ledeb. offers considerable scope for enhancing the nutritional and economic security of farmers. In the present study, phenotypic and pomological variability among 73 accessions of this species selected from eight natural habitats in the northern parts of Iran was investigated. The majority of traits measured showed significant variations among the investigated accessions. Leaf length ranged from 21.91 to 68.47 mm and leaf width varied from 8.17 to 36.39 mm. Fruit length varied from 11.48 to 28.01 mm and fruit weight ranged from 1.79 to 14.09 g with an average of 4.46. Fruit skin color was highly diverse so that 11 types of color were observed among the accessions ranging from yellowish-green to black. Fruit weight showed positive and significant correlations with leaf and fruit dimensions. Principal component analysis (PCA) extracted 10 components with explaining 74.52% of total variance and showed that the most important variables in distinguishing accessions were fruit size-related traits. The dendrogram obtained based on all the characters measured clustered the accessions into two major clusters. A high level of morphological and pomological variabilities was observed among the accessions, which is applicable and useful for plum breeding programs. The conclusion of the current investigation confirmed the necessity of preserving this irreplaceable genetic resource in its natural habitats in the north of Iran as well as ex-situ in germplasm collections. Finally, the investigated P. divaricata germplasm included some accessions that possessed valuable morphological and pomological traits which could be of special interest in marketing.

Innovative Technology and Food Safety of Fruit Biopowders

A technology has been developed for biopowders production from fruit raw materials grown in the Chechen Republic. The data on vacuum microwave drying of fruit raw materials under the influence of an amplitude-modulated magnetic field with carrier frequency of 180–20 kHz and modulating frequency of 10 to 30 Hz, with magnetic induction value of 5 mt. The proposed regimes of dehydration of fruit raw materials and its subsequent grinding by gas-liquid ”explosion”, providing the possibility of successful use in dried state in production technology of soft drinks. The peculiarity is the use of ecologically clean fruits of apricots, cherry plums, cherries, pears, melons and plums grown in Shelkovsky district of the Chechen Republic as raw materials. We studied physical and chemical indicators, content of phenolic substances and organoleptic indicators of fruit raw materials, powders and beverages. We also conducted comparative assessment. Under the influence of EMB ELF vacuum microwave drying of fruits contributes to better preservation properties of raw materials and finished powders. Organoleptic evaluation showed that non-alcoholic beverages produced on the proposed technology had intense color and more pronounced flavor of sweetness and acid compared to traditional non-alcoholic beverages. The advantage of this technology is the possibility to transport components for beverage production at unregulated temperature conditions to any location that is close to the consumer and carry out the production of soft drinks there.

Comparison of prediction power of three multivariate calibrations for estimation of leaf anthocyanin content with visible spectroscopy in Prunus cerasifera.

The anthocyanin content in leaves can reveal valuable information about a plant’s physiological status and its responses to stress. Therefore, it is of great value to accurately and efficiently determine anthocyanin content in leaves. The selection of calibration method is a major factor which can influence the accuracy of measurement with visible and near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. Three multivariate calibrations including principal component regression (PCR), partial least squares regression (PLSR), and back-propagation neural network (BPNN) were adopted for the development of determination models of leaf anthocyanin content using reflectance spectra data (450–600 nm) in Prunus cerasifera and then the performance of these models was compared for three multivariate calibrations. Certain principal components (PCs) and latent variables (LVs) were used as input for the back-propagation neural network (BPNN) model. The results showed that the best PCR and PLSR models were obtained by standard normal variate (SNV), and BPNN models outperformed both the PCR and PLSR models. The coefficient of determination (R2), the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEp), and the residual prediction deviation (RPD) values for the validation set were 0.920, 0.274, and 3.439, respectively, for the BPNN-PCs model, and 0.922, 0.270, and 3.489, respectively, for the BPNN-LVs model. Visible spectroscopy combined with BPNN was successfully applied to determine leaf anthocyanin content in P. cerasifera and the performance of the BPNN-LVs model was the best. The use of the BPNN-LVs model and visible spectroscopy showed significant potential for the nondestructive determination of leaf anthocyanin content in plants.

Variation of some heavy metal concentrations due to traffic intensity in Prunus cerasifera leaves, seeds and branches

This study aimed that the increasing population and the number of vehicles in the cities have brought air pollution. It has become one of the most important problems of the modern age. Many pollutants emerge from city roads due to exhaust gases, car wheels, vehicles and vehicle wear, and these sources of pollution are affecting the development and health of living things in their environment. Among these pollution factors, heavy metals have a huge important role of air pollution. The heavy metals tend to bioaccumulate and some have toxic effects even at very low concentrations. Therefore, monitoring of the change in heavy metal concentration is extremely important. Plants are used as a biomonitor for determining heavy metal pollution. In this study, it was tried to determine the possibilities of using Prunus cerasifera as biomonitor which is frequently used in landscape studies. So concentrations of Ba, Al, Ca, Fe, K and Mg elements were determined by analyzing Prunus cerasifera leaves, seeds and branches collected from some areas including no traffic, mid-intensity, intense traffic. As a result of the study, it was determined that the elements other than K were significantly changed at confidence level of least 95% on the basis of organelles. When the changes of the elements on the basis of organelle depending on traffic density were examined, it was found that the concentrations of Ca in leaf, Ba and K in seed, Ba, Fe and Mg in branch increased depending on traffic density.

Variation of some heavy metal concentrations due to traffic intensity in Prunus cerasifera leaves, seeds and branches

Variation of some heavy metal concentrations due to traffic intensity in Prunus cerasifera leaves, seeds and branches

Study on Antiviral in Vitro And Long-Term Toxicity to Rats of the Fruit from Prunus Cerasifera Ehrhar F

Background: In recent years, many literatures have pointed out that the fruit of Prunus cerasifera Ehrhar f. has anti-oxidation effect. Based on the anti-oxidation principle of traditional Chinese medicine in antiviral aspect the antiviral effect of the fruit was studied herein and the problem of the toxicity of the fruit has not been systematically investigated yet. To clarify the toxic effects of the fruit and its material basis, the toxicity test of the fruit was carried out. Methods:The fruit was percolated with water and the percolated liquid was concentrated to collect the concentrated liquid. Viral infection model in vitro was used to evaluate the antiviral effects of different viruses in vitro. CPE was observed under a microscope to determine the inhibitory effects of different viruses. The best type of macro-porous resin was determined by the method of macro-porous resin adsorption. The types of active ingredients were determined by physical and chemical identification, and their contents were determined by UV. By intragastric administration the long-term toxicity of percolating juice of the fruit to rats was observed including the nature severity, dose-toxicity relationship, time-toxicity relationship, main target organs, toxicity reversible degree, delayed toxicity, etc Results: showed that percolation solution of the fruit had obvious inhibitory effect on HSV-1 virus, and the TI value was 109.22. The inhibition effect of 60% ethanol precipitation on HSV-1 was the best, and the TI value was 148.84. D101 macro-porous resin presented an excellent separation effect at the volume of the first column eluted by 25% ethanol and TI value was 200.85. Chemical polyphenols were determined by physical and chemical identification and the content was 18.15 mg/g. Comparison of each dose group of percolation of the fruit and blank group there were not abnormalities in appearance signs, behavioral activities, body weight, food intake, hematological examination, serum biochemistry, organ quality and organ coefficient; Morphological examination of organs such as heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, ovary, testis, etc. didn’t show pathological changes related to medication; Reversible observation showed that the fruit did not cause delayed toxicity to rats. There was not statistically significant difference in the above indicators.

Optimizing isolation process of kaempferitrin from leaves of Prunus cerasifera

AbstractKaempferitrin was extracted from leaves of Prunus cerasifera with an average yield of 1.3 ± 0.18% (n = 20). The purity of the product was over 98.5% as determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Dried and smashed leaves of P. cerasifera were subjected to extraction with 70% ethanol (vol/vol) at room temperature and the extract was concentrated by vacuum evaporation. The extract was separated using nonpolar and medium polar macroporous resin in series. The post‐column collecting solution was concentrated under reduced pressure and its product was obtained through secondary crystallization. Kaempferitrin obtained was structurally analyzed and characterized. The absorption of kaempferitrin to macroporous resin was analyzed thermodynamically and kinetically to determine its melting and turbidity point. After purification of mother liquor, the recovery rate was over 70%.Practical ApplicationsPrunus cerasifera is a plant resource that has yet to be tapped. Kaempferitrin in its leaves, with a content of 1.8–2.2%, is an important bioactive substance. Pharmacologically, kaempferitrin induces immune reactions in vitro, stimulates the secretion of adiponectin in adipocytes, elicits apoptosis, and possess antitumor effects. Separation of kaempferitrin from P. cerasifera leaves using the macroporous resin double‐column system is cost‐effective and simple. Moreover, the method can achieve high extraction efficiency. After crystallization, the purity was higher than 98.5%. The technology can be widely used in the preparation processes of medical agents. In addition, the results showed that the optimized parameters can be applied to the parameter prediction of related designs.

Identification and description of Fruit fly species associated with different hosts in some Tripoli Fruit Orchards

The present field study was carried out to identify fruit fly species in Tripoli fruit orchards during 2016 – 2017 seasons by using fruit rearing method. Five hosts were examined in this study namely Guava Psidium guajava L. , Pear Pyrus communis، , Plum Prunus cerasifera, pomegranate Punica granatum and Peach Prunus persica The results revealed that three species of fruit flies that belong to family Tephritidae were identified; the Peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zontana (Saunders) and the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemaan), which were found in all fruit trees examined, and Bactrocera sp.that was recorded for the first time on Guava in the area. The fourth fruit fly species recorded was the African fig fly, Zaprionus indianus (Gupta) in pomegranate and Guava fruits.

Use of purple-red leaf cherry plum 'Pissardii' and its hybrids in gardening

Use of purple-red leaf cherry plum 'Pissardii' and its hybrids in gardening

Analysis of the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) resistance and Ma gene cloning in Xinjiang wild (Prunus sogdiana) myrobalan plums

Wild plant resources represent a major source of important stress-resistance genes. We previously collected Xinjiang wild myrobalan plum (Prunus sogdiana) seeds from the wild natural forest in Daxigou, Huocheng County, Xinjiang, China and cultivated 139 individual P. sogdiana plants. After many years of scoring the resistance of these myrobalan plum plants to a root-knot nematode (RKN; Meloidogyne incognita), we identified stably resistant and susceptible plants. In this study, we used six resistant and six susceptible plants to identify molecular markers closely linked to the RKN resistance gene, Ma, and to investigate the characteristics of this gene in P. sogdiana. Of the two SCAR markers closely linked to the Ma gene, SCAL19690 was present in both resistant and susceptible plants, whereas SCAFLP2202 was not present in resistant or susceptible individuals, indicating that SCAL19690 and SCAFLP2202 could not be used as tools to screen for RKN resistance conferred by the Ma gene in P. sogdiana. We cloned the Ma gene and identified a stop codon at 523 bp in the mRNA of both resistant and susceptible individuals, which only encodes a 174-amino acid polypeptide in P. sogdiana due to premature translational termination, indicating that the Ma protein in P. sogdiana is incomplete. These results indicate that the Ma gene in Xinjiang wild myrobalan plum is different from that of European Myrobalan plum (P. cerasifera), demonstrating that wild myrobalan plum accessions of different origins represent rich, diverse genetic resources of resistance to M. incognita.

Adventitious regeneration from mature seed-derived tissues of Prunus cerasifera and Prunus insititia

An essential preliminary step in the application of genetic engineering is the development of robust and effective procedures of adventitious regeneration. We have developed an efficient regeneration procedure from mature seeds hypocotyl sections and cotyledons of Prunus rootstocks: Four genotypes of Prunus cerasifera (‘Adara’, ‘Ademir’, ‘Myrobolan B’ and ‘Myrobalan 29C’) and one genotype of Prunus insititia (‘Pixi’). A pulse of 9.05 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) significantly stimulated adventitious organogenesis from both sort of explants. However, the 2,4-D treatment effect relied on the genotype and the type of explant. Best regeneration rates achieved from hypocotyl sections were 16.28%, 31.25%, 13.79%, 46.86% and 53.03% for ‘Ademir’, ‘Adara’, ‘Myrobalan B’, ‘Myrobalan 29C’ and ‘Pixi’, respectively. Best regeneration rates achieved from cotyledons were 60.00%, 51.61%, 42.86%, 75.00%, 90.48% for ‘Ademir’, ‘Adara’, ‘Myrobalan B’, ‘Myrobalan 29C’ and ‘Pixi’, respectively. Rooting and acclimatization steps were successfully achieved. The whole process, from initial culture to established plants in the greenhouse, took approximately 15 weeks.

Epidemiological and molecular study on ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’ in Austria and Hungary

AbstractThe epidemiology of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’ was studied in Austria and Hungary from 2014 to 2018. Testing of root samples showed average infections rates of 61 and 40% of the Austrian Prunus spinosa and Prunus domestica spp. insititia samples, respectively. In Hungary, on average 21% of the P. spinosa and 13% of the feral Prunus cerasifera samples were infected. The pathogen was found in 18 out of 19 apricot orchards and PCR positive Cacopsylla pruni were observed at 11 out of 17 sampling locations in both countries. In cage experiments with C. pruni remigrants successful pathogen transmission to Prunus armeniaca, P. domestica and P. spinosa seedlings in budding and foliated developmental stages was recorded, an inoculation access period of 4 hr was sufficient for transmission. A field experiment with ungrafted apricot seedlings planted in 2012 and 2014 indicated a prominent role of the insect vectors for disease spread. In 2017, 40 and 28% of the trees planted in 2012 and 2014, respectively, were infected. Molecular characterisation based on the genes aceF and imp allowed the discrimination between 10 phytoplasma types in apricots. Around 70% of the phytoplasma types in apricots were also common in P. spinosa, in P. domestica spp. insititia and in remigrant C. pruni pointing to a possible pathogen exchange by insects between wild and cultivated Prunus spp. For disease control, vector management over the entire flight period of the remigrants seems necessary; when selecting active compounds, the short inoculation access period of not more than 4 hr should be considered.