Indonesian Muslim Community Research Articles

PREFERENCE OF INDONESIAN MUSLIMS INVESTMENT

PREFERENCE OF INDONESIAN MUSLIMS INVESTMENT

STRATEGI PEMASARAN BIRO UMROH DAN HAJI PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19

Hajj is part of the fifth pillar of faith after the creed, prayer, fasting, and alms. Hajj and Umrah are obligatory for those who are strong (able), every man or woman once in a lifetime. In general, the Indonesian Muslim community performs the Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages to the Grand Mosque in Mecca through Hajj and Umrah trips. The large number of Umrah pilgrims in Indonesia is the main attraction for entrepreneurs in the field of traveling. This study uses a qualitative approach and is a type of field research (Field Research) and compares the Hajj and Umrah services of PT. Makkah Multazam Safir and AlMadinah Tour & Travel in Bandar Lampung which together are business entities that provide services or providers of Hajj and Umrah services in the Baitullah. Two different data presentations will provide us with valid information about a program and services offered to prospective pilgrims in need. From the analysis that will be carried out, it will minimize errors in the future.

MUJAMIL QOMAR’S PERSPECTIVE ON RELIGIOUS MODERATION AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION FOR THE MUSLIM COMMUNITY IN INDONESIA

This article attempted to find out Mujamil Qomar's perspective on religious moderation and its implementation for the Muslim community in Indonesia, which was increasingly needed by the Indonesian people. This article aimed to provide an understanding to readers of the importance of instilling the spirit of religious moderation taught by experts in the field of Islamic education and thought. This article was written using a unit analysis study in a book entitled "Moderasi Islam Indonesia: Wajah Keberagaman Progresif, Inklusif, dan Pluralis" written by Mujamil Qomar. Then, several book reviews with the same discussion on religious moderation were added to compare, complement, and continue discussions that have not been discussed in previous books. The important findings of this article explained that religious moderation was a means to select Islamic thoughts, understandings, and practices carried out in the form of violence or radicals. In addition, the researcher wanted to provide a positive view of religious moderation in Indonesia, where the Muslim community appeared very elegant, egalitarian, flexible in socializing, and able to accept opinions from people of different faiths.

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keinginan Konsumen Dalam Memilih Hotel Syariah Yogyakarta

The hotel is a large house which is a means of lodging for consumers who are traveling long distances. The hotel is included in a business that is engaged in the property sector and is developing in the service sector that provides services, lodging, eating and drinking. As the largest Muslim community in Indonesia, these activities must be considered halal, both in terms of facilities, waiters and others because there are some service accommodations that do not pay attention to the quality of halal. So the purpose of this researcher is to find out what most influences consumers in choosing Yogyakarta sharia hotels from the three variables of facility factors, service factors, and price factors on consumer decisions in choosing Yogyakarta sharia hotels. In order to provide knowledge and benefits to the halal industry in Indonesia to be more developed and advanced. This research approach uses quantitative primary data types by using validity and reliability tests, then using the Smirnov Kolgomornov normality test, and using Coefficients T test, Summary Model Test, and multiple regression test. In the Coefficients T test, the results of this study indicate that there is no significant effect on the facilities and price variables but there is a significant influence on the service variable on consumer decisions with a value of 0.000 <0.05 or T count 5.141 which means > from the T table value of 2.055 then Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected. The summary model test results show that there is an influential power between X1, X2, and X3 on Y of 0.557 or 55.7%.
 Keywords: Factors, Sharia Hotel, Consumer Desires

ANALYSIS OF THE DETERMINANTS OF CONSUMER DECISIONS IN PURCHASING HALAL BEAUTY PRODUCTS

Halal beauty products have now begun to attract the attention of the Muslim community in Indonesia, but it does not necessarily show that consumers of halal beauty products prioritize halal products, because there are other factors that can affect purchasing decisions. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of product quality, halal label, and product price on the purchase decision of halal beauty products, which then based on these results, an evaluation of the level of awareness and concern of female students for halal is carried out. The data was collected by distributing questionnaires to students of University X. The respondents who filled out this research questionnaire were active students of University X who had bought halal beauty products of any brand. This research method is SEM-PLS analysis to predict the influence between independent variables on dependent variables, as well as descriptive analysis to determine the level of awareness and concern of female students for halal. The result of this study is that the three variables each have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions. Based on the results of the SEM-PLS pathway coefficient test, it is known that product quality has a greater influence than the halal factor (halal label) when female students decide to buy halal beauty products. Therefore, a further evaluation of the level of halal awareness and concern is carried out by conducting a descriptive analysis on each item of halal label indicators. Through this analysis, the results were obtained that 62.5% of the eight halal label indicator items were in the range of positive categories which showed that the level of halal awareness and concern of female students was high.

The Shadow of Neo-Ḥanbalism: The Idea of Islamic Extremism in Indonesia

This article seeks to explore how Neo-Hanbali approaches to Islam have played a key role in instigating Islamic extremism in Indonesia. Neo-Hanbali refers to those who identify themselves as the followers of Ibn Hanbal and his students, such as Ibn Taymiyyah, Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, and Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb. Many Indonesian Islamic extremist groups argue that their struggle is driven by their desire to implement a purer form of Islam and that the thinking of Ibn Hanbal and Neo-Hanbali scholars provide the justification for this goal. To begin with, this article outlines the emergence of Ibn Hanbal’s thought and Neo-Hanbalism in the Indonesian Muslim community in general and Salafi groups in particular. The article particularly discusses: first, the discursive acceptance of Ibn Ḥanbal’s students in Indonesia and their ties to Islamic extremism; second, the links between Ibn Hanbal’s disciples on the one hand and Salafi and Wahhabi groups and movements on the other hand in the context of Islamic extremism; third, the connection between the concepts of tajdid (Islamic renewal) and takfir (excommunication) in Indonesia. This article attempts to understand Neo-Hanbali thought from a non-monolithic perspective in Indonesia. In this regard, it examines the acceptance of Neo-Hanbali ideas among social and political organisations in Indonesia. Finally, this article discusses Neo-Hanbalism in the context of the future development of political Islam in Indonesia to better understand whether these groups will be able to adapt to the changing political situation in Indonesia, or whether they will remain committed to Islamic extremism.

Indigenous Islam and Puritan Islam in Indonesia through Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd's Hermeneutic Studies

This paper studies the essence of Islam in the discourse of Puritan Islam and Indigenous Islam in Indonesia. The Muslim community in Indonesia is now fragmented into two distinct groups. The first group considers that the essence of Islam must follow Middle Eastern traditions in all its aspects. The second group considers that the essence of Islam must adapt to local traditions/cultures as long as it does not conflict with the holy text of the Qur'anQur'an and Sunnah of Muhammad SAW. The purpose of this research is to explore what the essence of Islam in Indonesia should be. The method used in this paper is a literature study through Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd's hermeneutic approach with his ideas related to the reading of the Qur'an through the historical context and criticism of Quranic verses. The results of the study indicate that the essence of Indonesian Islam is Indigenous Islam because Islam should be able to synergize with all times and places and thus be able to have a dialectic with the plurality of culture and society so that Islam can be accepted by all, including Indonesian cultures that is different from the Middle Eastern culture.

DESAIN BARU LOGO HALAL BADAN PENYELENGGARA JAMINAN PRODUK HALAL; ANTARA URGENSI, SENI, DAN ESENSI

This study aims to analyze the urgency, art, and essence of the new halal logo design issued by the Halal Product Assurance Agency (BPJPH) after the enactment of Law Number 33 of 2014 and Government Regulation Number 39 of 2021 concerning the transfer of authority for administering halal certification from LPPOM of Indonesian Council of Ulama to the Halal Product Guarantee Agency (BPJPH). BPJPH's Halal Logo Design reaps the pros and cons of the Muslim community in Indonesia, both in terms of Arabic writing, the shape of the halal logo that resembles a puppet, and the urgency of a total change from the halal logo of the Indonesian Council of Ulama. This research is interesting to study because the halal logo design is a sign of halal certification of a product and is a halal guarantee for Muslim consumers in Indonesia. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a normative juridical approach because it discusses regulations related to guaranteeing halal products in Indonesia both in terms of urgency, art, and essence. This study describes that the total change of the halal logo is not urgent to improve the quality of halal product assurance services in Indonesia. BPJPH's halal logo design puts more emphasis on art than Halal writing in Arabic as a sign that the product is "Halal" so it is difficult to read as a "Halal" sign. The essence of the halal logo is as a sign that the product has been certified halal by BPJPH so that the certainty of halal writing is more considered.
 Keywords: logo, halal, BPJPH, urgency

The Response of the Muslim Community in Indonesia when Lockdown was Reimplemented

<p class="06IsiAbstrak"><span lang="EN-GB">Although studies on the impacts of the pandemic on religious communities continue to emerge globally, studies on the response of religious communities in Indonesia have not yet been explored. Previous studies in Indonesia tended to focus on the following themes: the response to religion and the state, the response to government policies, the government's to COVID-19, and the public's response to the level of anxiety about the risk COVID-19. This study combines qualitative interview data. The goal is to understand Muslim communities, and their leader responds when Indonesia re-imposes its lockdown policy (PPKM). The findings in this paper are that the response of the Muslim community in Indonesia to changes in worship procedures and the mass closure of mosques in almost every region in Indonesia must be reviewed.</span></p>

TEXTUAL-SKRIPTUAL GROUP PARADIGM AGAINST THE CONCEPT OF ISLAMIC WASATIYAH: A CASE STUDY OF THE ISLAM DEFENDER FRONT (FPI) IN INDONESIA

Wasathiyah Islam can be called moderate Islam. The meaning of Wasathiyah itself is an attitude that requires a person to do two things, namely knowledge and holding back emotions. Islam Wasathiyah is a model of expression and understanding that is relevant in the framework of statehood in Indonesia. Indonesia is a Muslim majority religion in which there are several Islamic organizations and have different opinions in understanding modern Islam, but the understanding can be different. Islamic organizations have contributed to understanding Islam as rahmatanlilalamin. Indonesian Muslim communities present offer the concept of Islam Wasatiyah in building Islamic civilization as an effort to build peace and implement the values of Unity in Diversity. The Islamic world is confronted with groups that hold fast to the text and ignore the socio-historical aspects in carrying out religious teachings which then declare themselves to be holders of religious authority. This article will reveal and analyze the paradigm of textual-scriptual groups towards the values contained in the Wasatiah Islamic concept. Religious experience in Indonesia that adopts the values of Pancasila by promoting cultural-philosophical aspects is often considered to be far from the purity of Islam. Descriptive analysis method is used to describe and analyze the paradigms of groups that tend to understand the written source as it is by ignoring the circumstances and the conditions underlying it. The results of this study are (1) Islam Wasatiyah is a religious experience in Indonesia that internalizes local wisdom into Islamic teachings (2) The monopoly of truth and the rationalization of the term were never done by the Prophet without regard to the context of being a challenge in the implementation of Wasatiyah Islam (3) Textual Group- Scriptures tend to distort the understanding of the Qur'an and Hadith so that they ignore themes related to peace and tolerance.

Prospective Investors Perception on Investment Intention in Indonesia Sharia Stocks Market: A Conceptual Framework


 Capital markets are an important component of the financial system, investment decisions are important for one’s future and these decisions are related to many factors. Investment is one of the teachings and concepts of Islam and the emergence of sharia stocks in the Indonesian capital market opens up opportunities for the Indonesian Muslim community to invest. As a country with the largest Muslim population globally, Indonesia is a country with the largest sharia capital market share globally. This should encourage and facilitate Islamic investors to invest in the Indonesian economy, especially the capital market. Yet the fact is, sharia stocks are still lower than the growth target The number of studies on the intention to invest in stocks in Indonesia which is relatively few led this study to try to test the influence of behavior on attitudes, subjective norms and behavioral control perceptions on the intention to invest in stocks. This research paper aims to study the perception of prospective investors on factors that will influence their investment intention in sharia stocks in the Indonesian Stock Exchange. This study uses the theory of planned behavior (TPB) with attitudes, subjective norms and behavioral control as independent variables. This study combines three critical things namely, attitudes, subjective norms and behavioral control of assumptions. This research adopted a quantitative method using questionnaire distribution and analyses using SEM-PLS. The results of the research will contribute to the field of management and consumer behavior in decision making to investment. From this research, Indonesians can know and invest in the Indonesian stock market, especially sharia stocks. Research also contributes to the development of knowledge in the field of finance that focuses on investor behavior.
 
 
 Keywords: Attitude, Subjective Norms, Behavior Control, Intention, Sharia Stocks, TPB

China's Public Diplomacy to Build a Positive Image among The Muslim Community in Indonesia

To carry out economic and political expansion in various countries, China has also exerted various public diplomacy efforts to maintain its image. Indonesia as one of the most important destinations is not an exception. This research aims to analyze various strategies adopted by China to sustain its positive image among Muslims in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative method using the conceptual framework of public diplomacy. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources on the Indonesian government, the Chinese government, as well as Muslim groups in Indonesia from 2000 to 2019. This research shows that China, during the Xi Jinping era, has actively been carrying out public diplomacy activities specifically directed toward Muslims in Indonesia through official representatives, educational and cultural institutions, and Confucius Institutes.

Ijtihad 'Izzuddin Bin Abdussalam about Bid'ah and Its Relevance to Local Wisdom in Indonesia

This paper aims to analyze the ijtihad of 'Izzuddin Bin Abdussalam regarding Bid'ah and its relevance to the practice of religious life of the Islamic community in Indonesia associated with local wisdom. This research is a qualitative descriptive study, the primary source is the book Qawa'idul Ahkam Fi Mashalihil-Anam, with a local wisdom concept approach. Secondary sources are other books related to the discussion of local wisdom. The religious practices of the Muslim community in Indonesia, such as the tradition of reading the surah Yasin, Tahlilan, the commemoration of the Prophet's Birthday, dzikir collectively, were analyzed with the classification of bid'ah according to 'Izzuddin bin Abdis salam. The findings of this study are that the religious practices of Indonesian Muslims such as yasinan, tahlilan and dzikir collectively can be included in the category of permissible bid'ah (mubahah). This means that it is a good tradition, which is allowed because it is a good culture of the Indonesian people or can be referred to as al-Urf al-Sahih. This opinion is in accordance with the local wisdom of the Indonesian people who generally follow the Shafi'iyah school, relevant to the notion of religious moderation which prioritizes religious moderation, tolerance, and moderate attitude (washaty).

HALAL INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES: Muslims’ Responses and Sharia Compliance In Indonesia

Halal Industries have persistently become an important issue globally, including in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the strategies for halal industry development implemented by business actors in Indonesia as well as provide Indonesian Muslim’s responses and sharia compliance to halal context in their life. Using a mixed methodological approach with Analytical Network Process with religious leaders, academic and economics experts, local government, and business actors as the participants, it found that the strategies used to develop halal industry are not appropriate due to internal factors such as lack of standardization, branding, and limited human resources, and external ones which are the absence of a roadmap for halal industry and less supports from the government. Improving effective government policies and training human resources are among the strategies that might be applied. However, it also found greater attention among Indonesian Muslim and non-Muslim communities consuming halal products and enjoying halal experiences as their sharia compliance and lifestyle.

Application System for Checking Halal Product Status Using QR-Code Based on Android and Web

This paper presents the design of an application system to quickly determine the halal product status circulating in Indonesian society by checking certification ID from LPPOM MUI. This is conducted to overcome the anxiety of the Muslim community in Indonesia on halal-labelled products that are sold in supermarkets and traditional markets. The system consists of two parts. Part one of the system uses PHP programming to record the halal certification of products and generate QR codes. Part two of the system uses an android application to scan the product's halal certification status from the QR codes. The information displayed on android is the product's name, the product manufacturer, the status of the product's halal certification, and other information. The results show that the application successfully scans the QR code and displays information on the halal certification status of the product. The smallest size of QR code version 1 that can be scanned is 0.6 x 06cm. The longest distance was 13cm.

Innovative education training program of hajj healthcare workers improves the outcomes of Indonesian elderly hajj pilgrims

The ability of the Muslim community in Indonesia to perform the hajj pilgrimage, which fulfills Islam’s fifth pillar, is increasing. With the rise in life expectancy, the number of Indonesian elderly hajj pilgrims (EHP) is consequently growing. However, chronic conditions such as impairments, illnesses, and diseases cause an increase in morbidity and mortality among EHP. Thus, an innovative training program with practical tips for a healthy hajj experience is needed to improve the healthcare service to the EHP. This study aims to investigate the effects of an innovative training on the performance of Hajj Healthcare Workers of Indonesia (HHWI) and on the clinical outcomes of EHP. It was a quasi-experimental study. The population was all HHWI from the Surakarta embarkation in 2014. Meanwhile, the sample of this study was all 21 HHWI from Yogyakarta who received innovative training consisting of EHP special care training (theory and practice) in addition to basic national training. Twenty-one HHWI from Surakarta were randomly chosen as a control group and only received basic national training. Pre and post tests were used to assess knowledge of HHWI after training. The average pretest scores of the intervention and control groups were 48.50 and 48.07, respectively (p= 0.337), while the posttest score of the intervention group was 86.83 (p = 0.033). The measured parameters were the performance of HHWI, which is reflected by the EHP mortality rate, the number of outpatients, and the number of patients referred to the outpatients. We included the EHP under the supervision of HHWI, which has acquired training. EHP morbidity was evaluated as the number of outpatients and referred patients. There were 2216 outpatients from the intervention group as compared with 2144 in the control group, with most of them being 60-70 years old (p= 0,075). The number of referred EHP in the intervention and control groups was 10 and 30 patients, respectively (OR 2.94; p= 0.002). As for the mortality cases, we observed 7 EPH deaths during the hajj period (2 EPH from the intervention group vs 5 EPH from the control group; OR 0.263; p=0.207). Innovative training could reduce referral morbidity and mortality among elderly hajj pilgrims

The Controversy of Muslim Community Interpretation of the Covid-19 Pandemic

The Muslim community in Indonesia interprets Covid-19 controversially, which may have various consequences. This paper aims to map the pattern of interpretation of Covid-19 among Muslims in Indonesia and analyze how different understandings hindered pandemic crisis countermeasures. The data were obtained from online news and social media, which were then confirmed by open interviews, specifically covering two areas: the respondents' views related to the interpretation of Covid-19 and the bases for their opinion. This study found three types of understanding: First, textual interpretation, in which Covid-19 was interpreted as a 'punishment and a creature of God, so there is no need to be afraid of; instead, we need to get closer to God. Second, contextual interpretation, where Covid-19 was interpreted as a disaster/trial, needs to be addressed by complying with health protocols in Indonesia and improving our spirituality. Third, spiritual interpretation, where Covid-19 was interpreted as a test, so those who passed this test will increase their piety. Thus, the controversy in understanding the substance of the Covid-19 pandemic needs to be overcome. This paper suggests that more intensive education is required to improve public knowledge about the Covid-19 pandemic to prevent further adversity in its countermeasures.
 
 Received: 30 January 2022 / Accepted: 18 April 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022

Konsep Pola Makan menurut Al-Qur'an dalam Kajian Tafsir Tematik

Diet is one of the determining factors in human health, but in fact the Muslim community in Indonesia still does not understand the concept of eating patterns in the Qur'an. Many people still eat excessively, it is proven that Indonesia is the 2nd largest producer of food waste in the world. There are also those who consume forbidden foods or drinks such as liquor and drugs and like to consume less nutritious foods. Al-Qur'an and Hadith as the main sources of Islamic teachings have taught a good diet for physical and spiritual health. This research is a qualitative research with library research method that examines how the concept of eating patterns in the Qur'an. The data collected were analyzed using an interpretive approach with the maudhui interpretation method. The results of the study indicate that a quality healthy life can be obtained, among others, by protecting a diet that is not excessive, eating nutritious food, according to what the body needs, and eating halal thoyyiban which has been prescribed by Islam.

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keinginan Konsumen Dalam Memilih Hotel Syariah Yogyakarta


 The hotel is a large house which is a means of lodging for consumers who are traveling long distances. The hotel is included in a business that is engaged in the property sector and is developing in the service sector that provides services, lodging, eating and drinking. As the largest Muslim community in Indonesia, these activities must be considered halal, both in terms of facilities, waiters and others because there are some service accommodations that do not pay attention to the quality of halal. So the purpose of this researcher is to find out what most influences consumers in choosing Yogyakarta sharia hotels from the three variables of facility factors, service factors, and price factors on consumer decisions in choosing Yogyakarta sharia hotels. In order to provide knowledge and benefits to the halal industry in Indonesia to be more developed and advanced. This research approach uses quantitative primary data types by using validity and reliability tests, then using the Smirnov Kolgomornov normality test, and using Coefficients T test, Summary Model Test, and multiple regression test. In the Coefficients T test, the results of this study indicate that there is no significant effect on the facilities and price variables but there is a significant influence on the service variable on consumer decisions with a value of 0.000 <0.05 or T count 5.141 which means > from the T table value of 2.055 then Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected. The summary model test results show that there is an influential power between X1, X2, and X3 on Y of 0.557 or 55.7%.
 Keywords: Factors, Sharia Hotel, Consumer Desires

Dealing with Islamophobia: Expanding religious engagement to civic engagement among the Indonesian Muslim community in Australia

The increasing Islamophobia in the Western world is worsened not only by global political issues but also by the stance of Muslims, who are perceived as exclusive and ethnocentric, particularly in the Australian context. This article outlines the strategies used by Indonesian Muslims in Australia to deal with the Islamophobic discourse, namely enhancing religious engagement to enhance solidarity and social cohesion between them and increasing civic engagement as an assimilation attempt with Australians. Religious engagement is carried out through enhancing Islamic lecture activities to promote a more moderate and open understanding of Islam. Meanwhile, civic engagement activities included increasing social involvement as a form of community service, collaborating more with other communities as a form of collective action, jointly proposing political policies as a form of political involvement, and working with Australians to create a better future as manifestations of civic engagement in the context of social change.Contribution: Although Islamophobia is mostly a political issue, the Indonesian Muslim community in Australia views it as a chance to open up and demonstrate to the Australian community that they can work together in a broader kind of civic engagement.