Music Users Research Articles

WeChat Official Account Analysis of Music Users

The purpose of this study is to explore the user's attention to music knowledge in our media era. The data of this study come from a WeChat official account called "learning music", which has more than ten thousand official account users. Time correlation analysis and statistical analysis were used to evaluate the data. The results are as follows: the official account of music information is mainly concerned with new users. The new attention of the daily users is relatively stable, and the daily users' use of official account numbers and reading pictures and text information are relatively random. The proportion of male to female users is close to the official account number. Compared with the proportion of the population, the female users' attention to music information is relatively high. The majority of users in simplified Chinese are concerned, which is related to the location of official account. Android system and apple system are the main terminals used by users.

Retracted] Music Recommendation Algorithm Based on Multidimensional Time‐Series Model Analysis

This paper proposes a personalized music recommendation method based on multidimensional time‐series analysis, which can improve the effect of music recommendation by using user’s midterm behavior reasonably. This method uses the theme model to express each song as the probability of belonging to several hidden themes, then models the user’s behavior as multidimensional time series, and analyzes the series so as to better predict the use of music users’ behavior preference and give reasonable recommendations. Then, a music recommendation method is proposed, which integrates the long‐term, medium‐term, and real‐time behaviors of users and considers the dynamic adjustment of the influence weight of the three behaviors so as to further improve the effect of music recommendation by adopting the advanced long short time memory (LSTM) technology. Through the implementation of the prototype system, the feasibility of the proposed method is preliminarily verified.

University students’ use of music for learning and well-being: A qualitative study and design implications

Music has long been recognised to be able to alter people's emotions and behaviours, yet how university students use music for learning and well-being is largely unexplored. With one of the largest music user populations in the world, China has tremendous market potential for digital music. This study explores music use behaviours for learning and well-being among university students in China and how these findings can inform future online music service design. An investigation framework is developed based on theories in multiple related disciplines such as musicology, psychology, and sociology. In-depth interviews were conducted with forty university students in twenty universities, with an interview protocol designed based on the framework. Interview transcriptions were analysed using a thematic content analysis approach. The results reveal how students use music for multiple aspects of life corresponding to learning and major components of well-being, including physical well-being, social relationships, positive emotion, self-esteem, and meaning of life. Based on the findings we discuss emerging themes on the design of online music information systems and services. This study fills the research gap on how music is used by university students for benefiting learning and well-being. The design implications are valuable for online music services to better meet users’ evolving needs. The proposed framework and method can be readily used to study music users in various populations.

Intention, Government Regulation, Self-Regulatory Efficacy, Subjective Norm, Idolatry and Consumer Behaviour in Purchasing Pirated Compact Disks (CDs) in Mainland Tanzania

This study is conducted to explore the factors influencing purchase behaviour and to explain the magnitude of such factors on buying behaviour in Tanzania. Based on a systematic review of literature, a research framework was developed from Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). The casual model was empirically tested by using partial least-square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The survey is comprised of 491 usable samples, collected from Generation Y consumers as the main music users in Tanzania. Result suggest that the model is significant and adequate. All antecedents of intention appears to be significant except for idolatry. Self-regulatory efficacy and subjective norm are contributing factors to intention construct. Intention, along with self-regulatory efficacy is found to have significant impact on consumer buying behaviour. Government Regulation is found to have non- significant moderating impacts on the relationship between intention and consumer buying behaviour. In addition to theoretical implication, a number of managerial implications are observed. Marketers need to enhance consumers buying behaviour in various stakeholders , reduce music piracy through motivation on self-regulatory efficacy and subjective norm to Generation Y. Overall, the study is expected to confer value to music industry through discourage music piracy by researchers and marketers.

Unplayed Galant Melodies, the Ubiquity of the Rarest Interval, and the Heyday of the Major Mode

This article examines in a preliminary fashion the potential connections between the usage of Gjerdingen's (1988, 2007) skeletal galant schemata, the heyday of the major mode during the period 1750-1799 (Albrecht & Huron, 2014; Horn & Huron, 2015), and the rare intervals of the diatonic set (Browne, 1981). I discuss the relations between the rarity of the tritone and semitone in the diatonic template and in musical usage (Huron 2006, 2008; David Temperley, personal communication, 2017). I hypothesize that the skeletal usage of schemata emphasizes rare intervals (tritone and semitone) respective to their common counterparts. Though this is predominantly an armchair, speculative inquiry, a preliminary pilot analysis of a small expert-annotated corpus from Gjerdingen (2007) provides tentative support for the hypothesis that the skeletal usage of schemata overemphasizes vertical tritones, but not melodic semitones. The prevalence of skeletal tritones in the schemata abstracted by Gjerdingen suggests that the process of abstraction is associated with finding unambiguous cues for a local tonal context. While the present article relies on Gjerdingen's expert analytical annotations of a small corpus and extraction of a contrapuntal skeleton, I conclude by offering hypotheses for future testing regarding the increased prevalence and salience of tritones on the musical surface in the period 1750-1799, a subset of common-practice tonality.

Comparison of Use of Music Content (Tempo) and User Context (Mood) Features On Classification of Music Genre

The development of technology in the current era in the field of multimedia, music is not just entertainment or pleasure. Nowadays, online music growth is greatly increasing, namely, music can be classified by genre. The music genre is the grouping of music according to their resemblance to each other. In previous studies, the system was built with Naive Bayes Classifier which is useful for predicting songs based on the lyrics of the song. In our study, we used a dataset that was divided into several genera, namely Blues, Electronic, R & B, Christian, Hip Hop / Rap, Rock, Country, Jazz, Ska, Dance, Pop, and Soul which obtained the accuracy of Music Content of 45 % while for Context Users get an accuracy of 60%.
 Keywords : Genre, Naive Bayes, Music Content, User Context

Cultivating the Cooperative: PCC, the Music Library Association, and the Music OCLC Users Group

PCC and the Music Library Association (MLA) and Music OCLC Users Group (MOUG) have a long history of coordinating and collaborating on standards, best practices, and training of the music cataloging community. The impact of these collaborations on the formation and structure of the PCC is found throughout the organization, particularly in the PCC funnels, but also in the basic concept of a cooperative cataloging community. This article describes some of the MLA and MOUG cooperative efforts that have benefited and influenced the PCC.

The Value Gap in Music Markets in Canada and the Role of Copyright Law

The Value Gap in Music Markets in Canada and the Role of Copyright Law

Analysis of Customer Behavior Factors on Subscription-Based Music Services

Piracy is a problem that has been faced by various companies, one of which is music service software. Even though piracy gives a benefit to consumers, the losses obtained by the producer cannot be ignored. To overcome these problems, there are music services that can provide services easily and cheaply for consumers, commonly called the Subscription Based Music Service (SBMS). Although there is a service that can replace pirated products (SBMS), there is no guarantee that consumers will use it. This study aims to determine the factors that influence consumers in using SBMS music services. To achieve that, the Structural Equation Modeling method is used with AMOS software. The research was conducted in two countries, Indonesia and Germany with the aim to find out whether or not different countries affect consumer behavior. From the results of research in Indonesian and German respondents, the most influencing factor in the desire to use SBMS is the interest in the application. It can be concluded that the more music users know the service features and services provided by SBMS, the music users will be encouraged to use SBMS.

The impact of music on the academic performance of undergraduate students

Key digested messageA two-part study was conducted with undergraduates registered at South African universities to gauge their music usage behaviours. Results show that, although there is no significant difference in working memory performance between white noise and classical music conditions, students’ performance decreased significantly when they listened to music of their own choosing. This suggests that working memory capacity may be overloaded when listening to one’s own choice of music, which may negatively affect information encoded when studying and completing other academic activities, later impacting information recall and, ultimately, academic performance.

PIRACY REVISITED: EXPLORING MUSIC USERS IN THE AGE OF TECHNOLOGY DEPENDENCY

This paper empirically investigates and characterizes users of recorded music, both downloaders and purchasers. To this end we analyse the role of the variables defining the different segments of music users. In doing so, we have considered two main traits influencing the use of music. First, objective variables such as demographics, music consumption habits, music genres and technology. Second, subjective variables such as motives and attitudes towards piracy. Using data from a personal survey, subsequent latent class and fuzzy analyses show that while the former characteristics are relevant in those getting music for free from the Internet, the latter don´t pay any special part, contrary to what literature had suggested. Specifically, we find evidence of age, gender, technology, and genre of music confirming previous studies carried out on this topic before the existing gap in the literature. However, there is no evidence of these variables defining patterns of purchase behaviour.

Creating a Welcoming and Inclusive Environment for Transgender and Gender Fluid Music Library Users

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this article is to share suggestions on how music library staff can create a welcoming and inclusive environment for library users who are transgender or gender fluid. This user population often encounters barriers such as language usage, accommodations, name and pronoun usage, and identity disclosure when using libraries. The focus of this article is on the practical aspects of assisting transgender and gender fluid individuals in instructional settings, during reference transactions, at outreach events, or in mentoring students and student employees. Nine suggestions are given to help library staff build cultural competency and confidence in serving this user population. Although this article is centered on music libraries in academic institutions, many of the suggestions can be transferred to a public library setting.

Music Teachers' Usage of the Breathing and Voice Exercises in Song Teaching

Singing has a profound effect on the child's mental and emotional development and is directly related to the basic mental functions and physiological development. In this context, it is considered that voice training with the aim of using the voice correctly and effectively is necessary in the general music education and breathing and voice exercises have a particular importance for good and quality sound production in this process.With this idea, in this research, it was aimed to determine the situation of music teachers in Turkey on using breathing and voice exercises while singing in events held in the context of the general music education. According to findings obtained from the research, it has been determined that music teachers' usage of breathing and voice exercises differ according to the institution they are studying, the weekly hours of the music lesson and the inadequacy of the classroom equipment influenced the use of breathing and voice exercises by music teachers in song teaching and teachers felt that they were sufficient enough to accompany themselves to voice exercises.

Becoming a Warehouse of Things: The Audio World is Changing, and Collection Development Methods Must Change, Too

ABSTRACTMusic libraries continue to dedicate money and space to the physical CD, and yet usage of those collections is winding down. This article attempts to draw a holistic picture of the current state of audio recordings with a particular focus on how music recordings are accessed, with the goal of acquiring a better understanding of whether traditional collection development practices still make sense. Through a combined review of music industry reports and several music library user studies, it is revealed that traditional music recording collecting practices do not fulfill user needs and expectations and are at risk for failing to meet institutional needs, as well. Indeed, the current trajectory of today’s music library audio collections is pointing towards a future life as a warehouse of things. The data clearly suggests that a new model for acquisitions and access for music recordings must be developed if music libraries intend to fulfill the basic tasks of providing access and preserving recorded heritage. This article concludes with a few observations of the challenges ahead as libraries realign their collecting policies and methods to meet the needs of today and tomorrow.

Clustering-based Categorization of Music Users through Unsupervised Learning

The process of categorizing music users without the need for explicit guidance, known as unsupervised learning, has been explored through a technique called clustering. This innovative approach involves the use of algorithms to group music users based on their preferences, behaviors, or other relevant characteristics, thereby uncovering patterns and structures within the music consumption landscape. By identifying distinct clusters of music users, this method facilitates the creation of personalized recommendations, targeted marketing strategies, and tailored music experiences, ultimately enhancing user satisfaction and engagement. Through unsupervised learning, the clustering-based categorization of music users has the potential to revolutionize the music industry by enabling precise segmentation and understanding of diverse user segments. By leveraging this approach, music streaming platforms and other industry stakeholders can gain valuable insights into user behavior, preferences, and trends, empowering them to develop more effective content curation techniques, user interfaces, and promotional campaigns. Additionally, the application of unsupervised learning in music user categorization opens up opportunities for the development of more sophisticated recommendation systems, capable of delivering highly personalized and relevant music suggestions to individual users.

Converting music streaming free users to paid subscribers: social influence or hedonic performance

In order to increase revenues and sustain business, the music industry is directing efforts into increasing paid subscription by converting free listeners into paid subscribers. However, most companies are struggling with these attempts because they lack a clear understanding of the psychological and social purchase motivations of consumers. This study compares and contrasts the two different purchase motivations of consumers: social influence and hedonic performance expectancy. A survey was conducted with 243 users of on-demand music streaming services. Our data analysis shows that social influence impacts consumer attitudes towards music streaming, which in turn drive purchase intention. On the other hand, continuance intention of paid music streaming is driven by hedonic performance expectancy of consumers, not consumer attitude. These results imply that the music industry needs to differentiate its approach to prospective and current customers of music streaming services.

Novel or consistent music? An electrophysiological study investigating music use in advertising.

Music has become an integral part of advertising. But which is the best approach to music use: strategic (the same piece of music used consistently across consecutive advertising campaigns) or tactical (consecutive advertising campaigns employing different pieces of background music)? The present study monitored electrical brain responses of participants, while they were presented with existing TV and radio adverts with strategic, tactical or no music. Adverts with strategic music were liked more, found more familiar, and more impactful for radio than TV adverts. The neural correlates of music usage were characterized by the beta and gamma band oscillations especially in the frontal regions, reflecting an enhanced preferential engagement. Further, adverts with strategic music were associated with a larger frontal asymmetry, suggesting for a potentially positive affective response. Furthermore, we observed an increased and sustained neural impact of strategic vs. tactical music use in radio adverts. Together these findings offer novel indications for an optimum use of background music to promote advert effectiveness.

Understanding users of cloud music services: Selection factors, management and access behavior, and perceptions

Recent, rapid changes in technology have resulted in a proliferation of choices for music storage and access. Portable, web‐enabled music devices are widespread, and listeners now enjoy a plethora of options regarding formats, devices, and access methods. Yet in this mobile music environment, listeners' access and management strategies for music collections are poorly understood, because behaviors surrounding the organization and retrieval of music collections have received little formal study. Our current research seeks to enrich our knowledge of people's music listening and collecting behavior through a series of systematic user studies. In this paper we present our findings from interviews involving 20 adult and 20 teen users of commercial cloud music services. Our results contribute to theoretical understandings of users' music information behavior in a time of upheaval in music usage patterns, and more generally, the purposes and meanings users ascribe to personal media collections in cloud‐based systems. The findings suggest improvements to the future design of cloud‐based music services, as well as to any information systems and services designed for personal media collections, benefiting both commercial entities and listeners.

Educating the Music User

To better serve students’ evolving needs in music, music educators must connect classroom learning with how students use and interact with music in their daily lives. One way to accomplish this is by approaching classrooms with the music user in mind, which can open new possibilities for meaningful music making and remove students from the constraints of ensembles projected only as preparing them for performances. This article provides several examples of how to help students further their active involvement with music in their adult lives—especially if they no longer participate in a performance ensemble after they leave the music classroom.

Music's Effect on Exercise Participants by Exercise Session

We identified exercise participants’ music preferences in three exercise sessions and clarified how preferred or randomly assigned music affects perceived psychological helpfulness of exercise. There were 292 fitness center members in Korea who were selected as participants. Participants’ preferred music was assessed using frequency analysis and participants were grouped by preferences. Similar percentages were observed for sedative (45.2%) and stimulative (54.8%) music during warm-up, whereas participants preferred stimulative (91.4%) and sedative (75.7%) music during workout and cooldown, respectively. During the warm-up session, sedative music was found to be more psychologically helpful for the sedative music preferred group (t = 4.86, p <.001), whereas stimulative music was found to be significantly more psychologically helpful than sedative music for the stimulative music–preferred group (t = –6.47, p <.001). During the workout sessions, the sedative music was found to be more helpful for the sedative music–preferred group, albeit with no statistical difference from stimulative music, whereas the stimulative music had similar effects to the warm-up session (t = −18.37, p <.001). Finally, during the cool-down sessions, sedative music was found to be more psychologically helpful for the sedative music­–preferred group (t = 7.97, p <.001), whereas stimulative music was found to be more psychologically helpful to the stimulative music–preferred group (t = −2.10, p <.05). The results of this study provide basic information for music usage in health management centers and other interested organizations to improve physical activity.