Music Therapy Interventions Research Articles

Family-centered music therapy-Empowering premature infants and their primary caregivers through music: Results of a pilot study.

In Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) premature infants are exposed to various acoustic, environmental and emotional stressors which have a negative impact on their development and the mental health of their parents. Family-centred music therapy bears the potential to positively influence these stressors. The few existing studies indicate that interactive live-improvised music therapy interventions both reduce parental stress factors and support preterm infants' development. The present randomized controlled longitudinal study (RCT) with very low and extremely low birth weight infants (born <30+0 weeks of gestation) and their parents analyzed the influence of music therapy on both the physiological development of premature infants and parental stress factors. In addition, possible interrelations between infant development and parental stress were explored. 65 parent-infant-pairs were enrolled in the study. The treatment group received music therapy twice a week from the 21st day of life till discharge from hospital. The control group received treatment as usual. Compared to the control group, infants in the treatment group showed a 11.1 days shortening of caffeine therapy, 12.1 days shortening of nasogastric/ orogastric tube feed and 15.5 days shortening of hospitalization, on average. While these differences were not statistically significant, a factor-analytical compound measure of all three therapy durations was. From pre-to-post-intervention, parents showed a significant reduction in stress factors. However, there were no differences between control and treatment group. A regression analysis showed links between parental stress factors and physiological development of the infants. This pilot study suggests that a live-improvised interactive music therapy intervention for extremely and very preterm infants and their parents may have a beneficial effect on the therapy duration needed for premature infants before discharge from hospital is possible. The study identified components of the original physiological variables of the infants as appropriate endpoints and suggested a slight change in study design to capture possible effects of music therapy on infants' development as well. Further studies should assess both short-term and long-term effects on premature infants as well as on maternal and paternal health outcomes, to determine whether a family-centered music therapy, actually experienced as an added value to developmental care, should be part of routine care at the NICU.

Participation in group music therapy: A preliminary study of the experiences and perceptions of adolescents who stammer

Music therapy and music-based interventions are increasingly used in the treatment of speech, language, and communication needs, and music therapy has been extensively applied to adolescent groups. To date, however, there has been no published work examining music therapy for adolescents who stammer. The aim of the current study was to explore adolescents’ experiences and perceptions of a group music therapy intervention. Four adolescents who stammer participated in semi-structured interviews examining their experience of group music therapy intervention. The music therapy group intervention consisted of five therapeutic sessions conducted at a summer camp for children and adolescents who stammer. Analysis of in-depth, semi-structured interviews revealed four main themes and several subthemes. Recurrent themes revealed a variety of psychosocial benefits related to the experience of group music therapy, such as developing new friendships and facilitating peer support, increasing self-confidence and self-expression. There was also an emphasis on fun and enjoyment. This paper highlights a number of key benefits of music therapy for adolescents who stammer. These preliminary results highlight the potential of music therapy for adolescents who stammer, and the role of addressing psychosocial aspects of stammering within this creative arts intervention.

Influence of Music Therapy and Music-Based Interventions on Dementia: A Pilot Study.

According to national dementia plan in many countries, the music implementation into the daily routine as an adjunctive therapy to medication treatment is common. However, the ability of long-term care facilities to implement individualized music therapy (MT) and music-based interventions is not sufficiently taken into account. This pilot study examined the frequency of use and acceptance of MT and technology-based music interventions (TBMI) as well as the influence of high and low usage of both interventions of dementia on behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) at two timepoints. Furthermore, the influence on the combination of MT and TBMI of dementia within the nursing home setting on BPSD with a focus on agitation, apathy, depression, and quality of life at all timepoints was considered. In the present study, data from 30 people with dementia (PwD) aged on average 81 years were analyzed within an eight-week noncontrolled intervention study, including four-week follow-up. Initial outcome data indicated significant decreases at times T2 and T3 in agitation and apathy among PwD with a high usage of MT and TBMI than among those with a low usage. In general, reductions were obtained from all observed BPSD at all timepoints. Significant results were found only for agitation over time. Considering the demonstrated results, a long-term implementation of music within daily routines in nursing homes for PwD should be strived for.

Interventions among Pregnant Women in the Field of Music Therapy: A Systematic Review.

To investigate in the literature the studies on the benefits of music therapy interventions among pregnant women in the prenatal, delivery and postpartum periods. The search for articles was carried out in the following electronic databases: VHL, LILACS, SciELO, Portal CAPES, PsycINFO, ERIC, PubMed/Medline, and journals specialized in this field: Revista Brasileira de Musicoterapia ("Brazilian Journal of Music Therapy") and Voices. Descriptors in Portuguese (musicoterapia, gravidez, gestantes, revisão), English (music therapy, pregnancy, pregnant women, review) and Spanish (musicoterapia, embarazo, mujeres embarazadas, revisión) were used. The search was delimited between January 2009 and June 2019. The process of selection and evaluation of the articles was performed through peer review. The following data were extracted: article title, year of publication, journal, author(s), database, country and date of collection, purpose of the study, sample size, type of care, intervention, instruments used, results, and conclusion. The data were organized in chronological order based on the year of publication of the study. In total, 146 articles were identified, and only 23 studies were included in this systematic review. The articles found indicate among their results relaxation, decreased levels of anxiety, psychosocial stress and depression, decreased pain, increase in the maternal bond, improvement in the quality of sleep, control of the fetal heart rate and maternal blood pressure, and decreased intake of drugs in the postoperative period. Music therapy during the prenatal, delivery and postpartum periods can provide benefits to pregnant women and newborns, thus justifying its importance in this field.

The Effect of Music Therapy on Weight Gain among Preterm Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit - Possible Mechanisms

Preterm infants, especially those born before 32 weeks of gestation, experience extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR). Poor weight gain is associated with adverse neurocognitive outcomes. Many factors influence EUGR, including clinical, behavioral and developmental care modalities. This review describes the clinical and developmental factors that affect weight gain among preterm infants during their stay in the NICU, and evaluates the reported contributions of studies that used music therapy interventions to augment weight gain. We recommend that trials addressing weight gain during MT interventions should be long-term during NICU hospitalization, powered to detect even sub-optimal weight gain, include factors that directly influence weight gain and clinically-relevant morbidities of preterm infants, and incorporate developmental care and family centered care modalities, as much as possible. The use of proper methods to measure weight gain, such as individual Z-scores is recommended. We also recommend that the elements of the music therapy interventions that influence weight gain should be described systematically.

Baby steps: a report exploring the development of neonatal music therapy programmes in Estonia, Greece and Wales

There is a growing body of music therapy work addressing the needs of infants born prematurely. This also includes work with parents and other family members during hospitalisation. A variety of music therapy interventions are utilised to support a range of treatment goals for this client population. This report describes and discusses such work that is in the early stages of development in 3 European countries: Estonia, Greece and Wales. The development and content of the interventions in each country is described, with recommendations as to the sustainability and future growth of each programme

“Song of Life”: Results of a multicenter randomized trial on the effects of biographical music therapy in palliative care

Background: Awareness for the importance of psychological and spiritual needs in patients with terminal diseases has increased in recent years, but randomized trials on the effects of psychosocial interventions are still rare. Aim: To investigate the efficacy of the “Song of Life” music therapy intervention regarding the emotional and psycho-spiritual dimensions of quality of life. Design: Patients were randomly assigned to either “Song of Life” or a relaxation intervention. “Song of Life” is a novel three-session music therapy intervention working with a biographically meaningful song. Primary outcome was the improvement in psychological quality of life. Secondary outcomes included spiritual well-being, ego-integrity, momentary distress, and global quality of life and the explorative assessment of treatment satisfaction (patient and family member version). Intention-to-treat analysis was conducted including adjustment for multiple testing in secondary outcomes. Setting/participants: Between December 2018 and August 2020, 104 patients receiving specialized palliative care were recruited from two palliative care wards. Results: No significant differences were found regarding psychological and global quality of life, but “Song of Life” participants reported significantly higher spiritual well-being (p = 0.04) and ego-integrity (p < 0.01), as well as lower distress (p = 0.05) than patients in the control group. Both patients’ and family members’ treatment satisfaction was higher after “Song of Life” with large between-group effect sizes on items asking for meaningfulness (d = 0.96) and importance (d = 1.00). Conclusions: Our findings provide evidence that “Song of Life” is an effective and meaningful biographical music therapy intervention to facilitate psycho-spiritual integration in terminally ill patients. Trial Registration: German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS)—DRKS00015308 (date of registration: September 7th 2018).

Efficacy of music therapy in the treatment of anxiety among children at social risk and those have committed child to parent violence

The purpose of this research is to analyze the significant impact music therapy can have on a group of adolescents who have committed Child to Parent Violence and a second group of teenagers at social risk. Both groups were made up of 11 participants between 13 and 21 years of age ( M = 16 years, SD = 1.66 years) with six males in each group. Both groups participated in eight music therapy interventions where state-trait anxiety levels were measured before and after each session. Furthermore, trait anxiety levels were measured after the first and eighth sessions. Our findings indicate that the treatment used performs differently in each group: a more significant reduction in state anxiety levels was observed among participants who had used Child to Parent Violence, where trait anxiety levels were more significantly reduced among participants at social risk. Our findings also indicate that music therapy can be effectively used to reduce anxiety levels among socially vulnerable groups, and that it may have a significant impact on the reduction of this disorder, depending on the anxiety level.

Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Classical Music Therapy To Reduce Stress Of End Students

Prolonged and unresolved stress conditions can affect the hemeostasis of the human body system which will cause physical and psychological disorders. This study aims to determine the differences in the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation and classical music therapy to reduce stress in the final year students at the Polytechnic Ministry of Health Bengkulu in 2020. The study used a Quasi Experiment design with a two-group pretest-posttest design conducted at the Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health Bengkulu. The sampling technique uses non-probability sampling with the type of purposive sampling with a total sample of final year students as many as 60 people divided into 2 intervention groups. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis, bivariate using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank and Mann Whitney test. Wilcoxon Signed Rank test results show that there is an effect of progressive muscle relaxation on stress reduction (p-value = 0,000), there is an effect of classical music therapy on stress reduction (p-value = 0,000). Mann Whitney test results p-value 0.004 &lt;0.05 which means there is a significant difference in effectiveness between progressive muscle relaxation interventions with classical music therapy interventions in reducing stress, where progressive muscle relaxation interventions are more effective. The results of this study are expected to be a source of information and solutions that can help final year students reduce stress levels by using progressive muscle relaxation methods that can be done anywhere and anytime. So it easily controls the stressor that causes stress levels for students.

Biomarkers of Stress in Music Interventions: A Systematic Review.

Psychological stress is a significant public health concern as it is associated with various comorbidities and long-term health implications. Music interventions are emerging therapies for alleviating psychological stress and improving one's physical and mental well-being. We conducted a systematic literature review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement guidelines for reporting to identify all neuroendocrine biomarkers used to evaluate psychological stress in randomized control trials involving music interventions. We identified 18 unique biomarkers of stress from 14 full-text randomized controlled trials studies. Only one of the 14 music studies included a music therapy intervention. The most frequently used biomarkers across the studies were plasma cortisol, salivary cortisol, and salivary α-amylase. Of the 14 studies, 12 included in this review assessed at least one of these three biomarkers. Of these 12 studies, five papers reported p-values for changes in both stress biomarkers and psychological stress outcome measures. Four of the five studies found significant p-values for the reduction of both stress biomarkers and psychological stress in music intervention groups. The variety of stress biomarkers used and the variance in study protocols makes it difficult to assess the magnitude of effect of music interventions on psychological stress. However, our findings suggest that music interventions have the potential for reducing both stress biomarker levels and psychological stress in acute stress situations.

THE EFFECT OF MUSIC THERAPY ON PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW, ANXIETY, AND DEPRESSION IN COPD PATIENTS

Introduction : Biopsychological factors of anxiety in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) will cause symptoms of increased respiration rate and prolonged expiration duration. Meanwhile, depression in COPD patients will increase the damage to lung functional capacity. This study aims to determine the difference in the impact of music therapy on increasing the value of peak expiratory flow rate, anxiety, and depression in the treatment group and the control group. Methods : Quasi-experimental one group pre-test-post test was conducted on 46 COPD patients in RSUD Prof. Dr. Soekandar Mojosari and RSUD Basoeni Mojokerto with simple random sampling technique. This research was conducted by providing music therapy intervention in the treatment group. The statistical test used was the Independent t-test to determine the difference in peak expiratory flow values in the two groups, while the Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine the difference between anxiety and depression in the two groups. Results : There were differences in the intervention group who received music therapy with the control group with p-value = 0.005 (p &lt;0.05), and the difference between anxiety (Z = -3.813) and depression (Z = -3.868) values with an asymp sign value. = 0,000. Conclusion : There are differences in PEF values, anxiety, and depression between the treatment group and the control group, where this therapy affects the PEF value, anxiety, and depression.

Intervenção de musicoterapia nos sinais vitais de crianças com transtorno do espectro autista: Estudo piloto

Objetivo: Avaliar os sinais vitais de crianças com transtorno do espectro autista no contexto de intervenção de musicoterapia. Métodos: Estudo piloto experimental de intervenção de musicoterapia, desenvolvido no nordeste do Brasil. Sete crianças com transtorno do espectro autista foram avaliadas, distribuída em três para intervenção de musicoterapia e quatro sem intervenção. Os dados foram analisados utilizando testes não paramétricos. Resultados: As crianças apresentavam média de idade de oito anos, com maioria do sexo masculino. Descritivamente houve redução nos sinais vitais de 3,7% na saturação de O2, diminuição de 3,3 mmHg na pressão arterial sistólica e aumento de 5,0 bpm na frequência cardíaca no grupo que passou por intervenção de musicoterapia. O grupo sem intervenção apresentou aumento médio de 0,5% na saturação de O2 e de 2,5 mmHg na pressão arterial diastólica. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os efeitos da musicoterapia nos sinais vitais foram indicativos de respostas satisfatórias para as crianças com autismo.

A Single-center, Single Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol of Therapeutic Listening Programme Versus Traditional Music Therapy on Depression and Quality of Life in Institutionalized Adolescents

Introduction: Depression is a typical, constant, and debilitating issue occurring during adolescence andinfluencing near a fourth of all grown-ups. In adolescents, depression related with impaired social connections,lower educational accomplishment, poor scholarly execution, family and social brokenness, physical sickwellbeing and expanded danger of self-destruction. Music therapy intervention could essentially diminishedsymptoms of depression, increased cognitive functioning and improved quality of lifeObjective: To determine the effects of therapeutic listening programme versus traditional music therapy onDepression and Quality of Life in Institutionalized Adolescents.Method: A single-center, single blinded, two group pretest-posttest randomized controlled trial of 36institutionalized adolescents with depression will be recruited through the simple random sampling. Recruitedinstitutionalized adolescents will be randomized into one of the two groups namely, therapeutic listeningprogramme group and traditional music therapy group through block randomization. Both the groups willreceive their respective interventions for 30 minutes a day, 2 days a week for 8 weeks. Participants in dancegroup performed, 30 minutes of dance for 3 days/week for 6 weeks. The primary outcome measures willbe Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) and Youth Quality of Life Instrument – Short Form (YQOL-SF).Urine test and electroencephalogram (EEG) will be recorded in addition to CDI and YQOL-SF. All theoutcome measures will be measured at baseline and 8 weeks post intervention.Results: Normality of the collected data will be analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test of normality. Descriptivestatistics will be expressed in mean±Standard deviation/mean (95% confidence interval) with range andparametric tests/non-parametric tests, paired t-test/Wilcoxon signed rank test and independent t-test/MannWhitney U-test will be used for within and between group comparisons based on normality.Conclusion: The study outlines the importance of therapeutic listening programme on institutionalizedadolescents with depression. Successful completion of this RCT will create evidence on the best treatmentoptions for institutionalized adolescents with depression

Resting-State Network Plasticity Induced by Music Therapy after Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by a complex pattern of abnormalities in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and network dysfunction, which can potentially be ameliorated by rehabilitation. In our previous randomized controlled trial, we found that a 3-month neurological music therapy intervention enhanced executive function (EF) and increased grey matter volume in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) in patients with moderate-to-severe TBI (N = 40). Extending this study, we performed longitudinal rsFC analyses of resting-state fMRI data using a ROI-to-ROI approach assessing within-network and between-network rsFC in the frontoparietal (FPN), dorsal attention (DAN), default mode (DMN), and salience (SAL) networks, which all have been associated with cognitive impairment after TBI. We also performed a seed-based connectivity analysis between the right IFG and whole-brain rsFC. The results showed that neurological music therapy increased the coupling between the FPN and DAN as well as between these networks and primary sensory networks. By contrast, the DMN was less connected with sensory networks after the intervention. Similarly, there was a shift towards a less connected state within the FPN and SAL networks, which are typically hyperconnected following TBI. Improvements in EF were correlated with rsFC within the FPN and between the DMN and sensorimotor networks. Finally, in the seed-based connectivity analysis, the right IFG showed increased rsFC with the right inferior parietal and left frontoparietal (Rolandic operculum) regions. Together, these results indicate that the rehabilitative effects of neurological music therapy after TBI are underpinned by a pattern of within- and between-network connectivity changes in cognitive networks as well as increased connectivity between frontal and parietal regions associated with music processing.

Effects of neurological music therapy on behavioural and emotional recovery after traumatic brain injury: A randomized controlled cross-over trial

ABSTRACT Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes deficits in executive function (EF), as well as problems in behavioural and emotional self-regulation. Neurological music therapy may aid these aspects of recovery. We performed a cross-over randomized controlled trial where 40 persons with moderate-severe TBI received a 3-month neurological music therapy intervention (2 times/week, 60 min/session), either during the first (AB, n = 20) or second (BA, n = 20) half of a 6-month follow-up period. The evidence from this RCT previously demonstrated that music therapy enhanced general EF and set shifting. In the current study, outcome was assessed with self-report and caregiver-report questionnaires performed at baseline, 3-month, 6-month, and 18-month stages. The results showed that the self-reported Behavioural Regulation Index of the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-A) improved more in the AB than BA group from baseline to 3-month stage and the effect was maintained in the 6-month follow-up. No changes in mood or quality of life questionnaires were observed. However, a qualitative content analysis of the feedback revealed that many participants experienced the intervention as helpful in terms of emotional well-being and activity. Our results suggest that music therapy has a positive effect on everyday behavioural regulation skills after TBI.

Music Therapy for Depression in Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the evidence of music therapy for depression in adolescents in order to answer the following questions: (1) What types of music therapy are being employed to target symptoms of depression in adolescents? (2) What is the effect of music therapy on depressive symptoms of depression in adolescents? Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed in performing this systematic review. Studies published in the last 25 years from January 1996 to December 2020 were identified through the use of the PubMed database, using the keywords: ‘music’ AND ‘depres*’ OR ‘anx*’. Two authors independently conducted a focused analysis and reached a final consensus on 8 studies that met the specific selection criteria and passed the study quality checks. Results: Eight randomized controlled trials were selected in this review including 8 music therapy interventions for depression: musical negative mood induction procedures (NMIP), Health RHYTHMS drumming protocol, group music therapy (GMT), musical improvisation, Chinese 5-element music therapy, percussion exercises, and cognitive behavioral therapy combined with music therapy. Overall, music therapy interventions appear to significantly reduce depressive symptoms in adolescents. Conclusion: The findings of this systematic review indicate that music therapy may be an effective tool for reducing symptoms of depression in adolescents. There is a need for large sample studies examining this area, along with those that address symptoms of anxiety. Future research incorporating music therapy into clinical practice is necessary.

Music Therapy for Depression Enhanced With Listening Homework and Slow Paced Breathing: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Introduction: There is evidence from earlier trials for the efficacy of music therapy in the treatment of depression among working-age people. Starting therapy sessions with relaxation and revisiting therapeutic themes outside therapy have been deemed promising for outcome enhancement. However, previous music therapy trials have not investigated this issue.Objective: To investigate the efficacy of two enhancers, resonance frequency breathing (RFB) and listening homework (LH), when combined with an established music therapy model (trial registration number ISRCTN11618310).Methods: In a 2 × 2 factorial randomised controlled trial, working-age individuals with depression were allocated into groups based on four conditions derived from either the presence or absence of two enhancers (RFB and LH). All received music therapy over 6 weeks. Outcomes were observed at 6 weeks and 6 months. The primary outcome was the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score.Results: There was a significant overall effect of treatment for the primary outcome favouring the breathing group (d = 0.50, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.93, p = 0.02). The effect was larger after adjustment for potential confounders (d = 0.62, 95% CI 0.16 to 1.08, p = 0.009). Treatment effects for secondary outcomes, including anxiety (anxiety scale of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and quality of life (RAND-36), were also significant, favouring the breathing group. The homework enhancer did not reach significant treatment effects.Conclusion: We found that the addition of RFB to a music therapy intervention resulted in enhanced therapeutic outcome for clients with depression.

Interventions to Improve the Cast Removal Experience for Children and Their Families: A Scoping Review.

Background: Cast removal can be a distressing experience for a child. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive review of interventions designed to reduce anxiety and improve the child’s and family’s experience of pediatric cast removal. Methods: A scoping review was conducted (Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, grey literature sources). Inclusion criteria: studies published January 1975–October 2019 with a primary focus on pediatric patients undergoing cast removal/cast room procedures. Screening, full text review, data extraction, and quality appraisal were conducted in duplicate. Results: 974 unique articles and 1 video were screened. Nine articles (eight unique studies) with a total of 763 participants were included. Interventions included the following, alone or in combination: noise reduction, electronic device use, preparatory information, music therapy, play therapy, and child life specialist-directed intervention. Heart rate was used as a primary (88%) or secondary (12%) outcome measure across studies. Each study reported some positive effect of the intervention, however effects varied by age, outcome measure, and measurement timing. Studies scored low on outcome measure validity and blinding as assessed by the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Randomized Controlled Trials. Conclusion: Various methods have been tested to improve the pediatric cast removal experience. Results are promising, however the variation in observed effectiveness suggests a need for the use of consistent and valid outcome measures. In addition, future research and quality improvement projects should evaluate interventions that are tailored to a child’s age and child/family preference.

MUSICOTERAPIA EM PACIENTES COM DOENÇA DE ALZHEIMER – UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA

A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é a enfermidade neurodegenerativa e progressiva cujo principal sintoma é o déficit na memória. Atualmente, não existe tratamento medicamentoso capaz de aliviar tais pacientes e prolongar a sua independência funcional. Neste cenário, intervenções não farmacológicas mostram-se alternativas apropriadas para a conservação do bem-estar e amusicoterapia é uma alternativa promissora. O presente trabalho objetiva através de uma revisão sistemática, analisar os efeitos obtidos pela intervenção da musicoterapia em pacientes com DA, principalmente no que se refere aos sintomas comportamentais e perda cognitiva. Para isso, realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica eletrônica no MEDLINE/PubMed, até o mês de fevereiro de 2020 utilizando os termos: 'Alzheimer's disease' AND 'music therapy' AND 'humans'. Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos observacionais (coorte, caso controle) e ensaios clínicos randomizados; idiomas: português, inglês eespanhol. Foram excluídos aqueles que utilizaram outras estratégias não farmacológicas em pacientes com DA além da musicoterapia; aqueles artigos cujos participantes apresentavam demência que não DA e para a avaliação da qualidade metodológica dos artigos utilizamos o instrumento Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews. Ao todo a pesquisa bibliográfica nos forneceu 160 artigos dentre os quais oito se adequaram integralmente aos critérios de inclusão e qualidade. Os estudos evidenciaram efeitos benéficos do emprego da musicoterapia como intervenção não farmacológica em pacientes com DA, contribuindo na diminuição dos sintomas psicológicos e comportamentais dos pacientes.

Music Therapy for Preoperative Anxiety Reduction in Women Undergoing Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

To assess the superiority of a music therapy intervention (Music) vs usual care (Control) in reducing the preoperative anxiety of patients undergoing total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) with nononcologic indications. This was a 1:2 (Music vs Control) randomized controlled study. A teaching hospital. One hundred patients were available for the analysis: 30 and 70 in the Music and Control arms, respectively. Perioperative music therapy pathway in patients undergoing TLH for benign disease. Anxiety was evaluated with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Y Form (STAI-Y) at different time points: at baseline and during preoperative, early postoperative, and late postoperative periods. Pathologic anxiety was defined as STAI-Y state >45. Postoperative pain was registered using the visual analog scale. Women in the Music arm experienced lower anxiety levels (median STAI-Y scores 38.0 vs 41.0; p = .002) during the preoperative period. STAI-Y scores did not vary significantly by intervention at each subsequent time point. A significant difference between the groups (Music vs Control) was found in the proportion of women with pathologic anxiety during the preoperative (16.7% vs 37.2%; p = .04) and early postoperative periods (0% vs 12.9%; p = .04), whereas no significant difference between the groups was registered during the late postoperative period (6.6% vs 7.1%; p = .93). Postoperative pain intensity did not significantly differ between the groups at 1, 3, and 6 hours after surgery. Music therapy might be a viable complementary modality to usual surgical care in the gynecologic setting for its ability to significantly decrease preoperative anxiety in women undergoing TLH for benign conditions.