Municipality Network Research Articles

Networking Community Planning of Local Administrative Organizations in Kalasin Province, Thailand.

This research aims to study the network construction in the community planning of local government organizations in Kalasin province, Thailand. The data collected from document research and qualitative inquiry. Synthesize and process data are done to come up with an answer to the problems under consideration. The findings revealed that, the network for creating a community plan of local government organizations in Kalasin Province has 2 types: 1. Participatory networks which help empower networks to be a plan 2. Municipality Network: networks that designated by the state municipality

Notes for the study on health systems: multifaceted analysis and tracer indicators.

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVETo present the methodological approach used in a research that analyzed the use and performance of specialized health care, from primary care access, in four major Brazilian cities: Fortaleza (CE), Campinas (SP), São Paulo (SP) and Porto Alegre (RS).METHODSPresentation and discussion of the quantitative-qualitative components of the proposed research strategy.RESULTSFour tracing conditions were studied: systemic arterial hypertension, high-risk pregnancy, breast cancer and severe mental disorder. For each health condition, indicators were constructed based on health information systems data, pointing out frequencies, temporal trends and local differences. This initial contextualization was enriched with a descriptive-qualitative study of the performance of each municipal health service network. Next, a cross-sectional study was conducted through a survey of 7,053 users of specialized services for each health condition. Finally, in-depth interviews were conducted with key actors to complement selected operational aspects of each municipality’s network. The results of all these data sources were triangulated, allowing us to explore the variability of SUS implementations in different regional scenarios.CONCLUSIONSThe multifaceted analytical model presented allows us to understand relevant aspects of the Unified Health System performance, paying attention to the singularities, heterogeneities and inequalities that characterize its implementation in Brazil and emphasizing the performance of local networks for the addressed health conditions.

Adaptation of a microsimulation model at the municipality level: demographic and employment evolution in the Altmark region of Germany

Adapting microsimulation models to specific regions is a challenging task. This is especially true when aiming to simulate very low regional levels, such as municipalities, owing to anonymity restrictions or simply nonexistence of data at the required levels. In this study, we present a process to define the dynamics of the PRototypical policy Impact on Multifunctional Activities in rural municipalities (PRIMA) conceptual microsimulation model for the Hohenberg–Krusemark municipality network in the Altmark region of Germany. A parameterization process and the prototypical simulation results of the model are given along with a discussion on the validation of the simulation results by local level stakeholders. The presented technical aspects of the model provide the evolution of the demographic structure and the employment status for individuals living in a set of interconnected municipalities in rural areas. Additional insight was gained by comparing the demographic and employment properties of the simulation results with real data. The comparison allows for the observation of how correctly the model replicates past trends in the municipality network. The model’s assumptions are based on the results of a probability table created for the years 2000–2009, and the simulation results are presented for the years 2000–2020.

State Capacity and Economic Development: A Network Approach

We study the direct and spillover effects of local state capacity in Colombia. We model the determination of state capacity as a network game between municipalities and the national government. We estimate this model exploiting the municipality network and the roots of local state capacity related to the presence of the colonial state and royal roads. Our estimates indicate that local state capacity decisions are strategic complements. Spillover effects are sizable, accounting for about 50 percent of the quantitative impact of an expansion in local state capacity, but network effects driven by equilibrium responses of other municipalities are much larger. (JEL D85, H41, H77, O17, O18)

Assessment of PPP for establishment of CORS network for municipal surveying in Middle East

Nowadays many Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) network were established in the Middle East to improve different municipal surveying. Establishing such geodetic control networks can be a costly business where multiple stations should be occupied simultaneously and post-processed with scientific software. Recently, precise point positioning (PPP) has attracted wide interest because it provides an alternative to precise relative processing due to its potential as a reliable absolute positioning technique operational simplicity. In comparison with common relative GPS techniques, the costs are reduced; because no base stations and no simultaneous observations are necessary. This research investigates the capability of PPP approach to be a low cost alternative to the conventional positioning methods used in coordinates determination of geodetic networks. The GPS data used during setting up Jeddah municipality network were originally processed by Bernese software version 5.0. That GPS data were processed again using PPP approach and comparable investigation was carried out between the coordinates obtained from Bernese software and CSRS-PPP software. The results showed that overall CSRS-PPP solutions agreed with the Bernese solutions, where the Root Mean Square of the difference between the two solutions reaches 2·6 mm in Easting, 2·5 mm in Northing, and 10 mm in Height. The derived centimetre accuracy from PPP approach which is suitable for municipal surveying confirmed that it can be used for establishment of CORS networks.

Agglomerationen mit nutzergenerierten Inhalten neu definiert Visualisierung der Nordostschweiz mithilfe von Wikipedia

Commuters have had an important role in shaping the spatial organization of Switzerland, as commuter flows have been one of the most significant criteria to delineate urban agglomeration zones. Even though urban areas and respective agglomerations have continuously gained in importance in Switzerland to this day, the Swiss national population census will no longer include commuter data at high spatial resolution. Hence, the definition of the rapidly evolving urban agglomeration concept will have to be modified for future urban research and planning purposes.We propose a crowdsourcing approach to overcome this data gap, and employ the open and web-based Wikipedia encyclopedia as a new resource to delineate agglomeration areas. Using the North Eastern parts of Switzerland in this case study, we systematically evaluate whether user-generated content can serve as an option to fill the commuter data gap in future Swiss national population censuses to define agglomeration areas. In a second step, we evaluate the influence of potential edge effects on our chosen approach.We employ the number of hyperlinks in the Wikipedia database to quantify the strength of functional relationships between municipalities appearing in the Wikipedia encyclopedia. Next, we visualize the extracted municipality network structure for the chosen study area. Finally, we cluster the connected municipalities to agglomeration zones, and compare the computed municipality clusters with the agglomeration areas currently defined by the Swiss census.Our results suggest that the aggregation structure of our crowdsourcing approach is congruent with the officially developed agglomeration areas proposed by the Swiss census. Crowdsourced data thus might be an additional future data resource to complement more traditional census statistics for space districting purposes or socio-economic research in urban geography and planning.However, our results also suggest that geographic space indeed influences even non-spatially organized, crowdsourced encyclopedic entries, and this must be systematically studied further in future studies.English Title: Agglomerations newly defined with crowdsourced data: visualizing North Eastern Switzerland based on Wikipedia content.

Game-Theoretic Optimization of a Fiber-to-the-Home Municipality Network Rollout

Rolling out fiber to the home (FTTH) is very cost intensive, and typical figures mention around 1500euro ($2000) to add one house to the network. The viability of a FTTH project largely depends on the take rate and as such on the competition with other operators. In this paper we investigate a case in which a municipality rolls out FTTH in competition with another network operator upgrading its infrastructure. We construct an economic model for both operators, including the effects of competition, on which we apply game theory to find the optimal strategies. We complete the results using sensitivity analysis. The final results show how a municipality FTTH rollout drives the existing operator into a more aggressive competition and how FTTH favors industrial sites and densely populated areas.

Municipalities as a Driver for Wireless Broadband Access

Municipalities can form a driving force behind the deployment of new telecom infrastructure. While a telecom operator focuses on direct (financial) profits, a municipality is mainly interested in the social benefits for its inhabitants. In this paper, we evaluate a wireless municipality network from both a technical and an economic point of view. WiFi and WiMAX are considered as the most suited technologies for this purpose. A detailed techno-economic study has been performed including forecasting of the user adoption, dimensioning of the wireless network and modelling the related costs and revenues. The trade-off between installing a high number of relatively cheap WiFi access points, and a smaller number of more expensive WiMAX base stations for delivering full coverage is investigated in several scenarios.

Socioeconomic dimensions, migration, and deforestation: An integrated model of territorial organization for the Brazilian Amazon

Abstract The territory organization of the Brazilian Amazon, understood as a socioeconomic network of municipalities, reflects the diversity of human settlements and their potentials for environmental changes, especially deforestation. This paper characterizes the urban network in the Brazilian Amazon through a model that integrates the levels of socioeconomic organization of municipalities and their interrelationships, as determined through migratory movements. The model of territorial organization combines five components: (i) the hierarchy of central places (poles) established by the concentration of urban specialized services, (ii) the geographical distance between central poles and other centers, (iii) the poles’ populations, (iv) the migratory movements among them, and (v) a socioeconomic dimension index. These components are combined into a gravitational model to produce measures and maps of the socioeconomic municipality network of the Brazilian Amazon. As a result, out of 792 municipalities in the Brazilian Amazon, 9 were classified as macro-poles, 29 were classified as meso-poles and 48 as micro-poles. The areas of influence of these poles were determined according to the three hierarchy levels. The Amazon region network comprises a nested spatial pattern of municipalities not constrained by the state boundaries. Socioeconomic space and population movements influence the mobility of the deforestation frontier. This analysis provides insights to predict deforestation as well as to guide formulation of sustainable development policies suitable for each region's specificity.

Omrežje občin - povezanost v Alpah - projekt, ki živi

V prispevku so predstavljene osnovne značilnosti projekta Omrežje občin - povezanost v Alpah, ki je kot pilotni projekt potekal leta 1997. V projekt je bila vključena tudi občina Kranjska gora, ki je v skladu z osnovnima vodiloma projekta, to je sonaravni razvoj in varovanja okolja v Alpah, izdelala in delno realizirala tudi nekaj konkretnih projektov.

Didaktični in strokovni prispevek Alpskih mladinskih raziskovalnih taborov v Posočju

V prispevku so predstavljeni nameni in cilji alpskih mladinskih raziskovalnih taborov, način organiziranja ter oblike in metode dela na taboru. Prikazana je interdisciplinarnost dela na taborih, saj udeleženi mentorji in dijaki raziskujejo različna področja življenja in delovanja ljudi v pokrajini.

Poznavanje Triglavskega narodnega parka

Prispevek prikazuje poznavanje Triglavskega narodnega parka pri srednješolcih Zavoda za invalidno mladino v Kamniku in primerja njihovo percepcijo z mladimi sovrstniki v Triglavskem narodnem parku. Izpostavljeno je poznavanje smotra, obsega, števila prebivalcev, zaščitenih rastlin in živali parka.

Pomen Centra šolskih in obšolskih dejavnosti (CŠOD) pri pouku in terenskem delu geografije

Prispevek obravnava program življenja v naravi za osnovno šolo, in sicer 5., 6. in 7. razred. Posebej so predstavljene geografske teme, s katerimi se v tednu dni, ki je na razpolago, srečajo učenci pri pouku in na terenu v enem izmed trinajstih domov v Sloveniji.

Evropska dimenzija poučevanja o Alpah

Alpe so s svojo lego v več evropskih državah lahko izjemen dejavnik povezovanja in skupnega preučevanja tako v osnovni kot v srednji šoli. S skupnimi projekti šol alpskih dežel bi lahko uresničili mnoge izmed ciljev, ki so zapisani v Zeleni listini o evropski dimenziji izobraževanja. V prispevku je predstavljenih nekaj možnosti sodelovanja na področju geografije med šolami alpskih dežel.

Čezmejno sodelovanje na primeru občine Tržič

Občina Tržič meji z Avstrijo po grebenu Osrednjih Karavank. Povezovanje s sosednjima avstrijskima občinama (Borovlje, Sele) se je začelo v osemdesetih letih in po letu 1991 postaja iz leta v leto intenzivnejše. Meja, ki je nekdaj ostro ločevala življenje na obeh straneh meje, je z osamosvojitvijo Slovenije in vključitvijo Avstrije v Evropsko skupnost postala bolj odprta hkrati pa se je s Schengenskim sporazumom poostril nadzor nad pretokom blaga in ljudi. Danes gibanje ob meji ni več omejeno in nekdaj zaprta območja so postala predvsem turistično zanimiva. V teh letih je Občina Tržič z avstrijskimi partnerji izoblikovala skupne razvojne projekte, in sicer predvsem na področju razvoja kmetijstva in turizma. Tako poskusno uvajamo gojenje ajde, ki je nekdaj prevladovala na naših njivah in v vsakdanji prehrani, vključujemo pa se tudi v projekt ohranjanja avtohtone pasme jezersko-solčavske ovce. Že dve leti je v program PHARE CBC (Crossborder Cooperation/Čezmejno sodelovanje) vključena tudi naravna znamenitost Dovžanova soteska, ki jo bomo v prihodnje povezali s sotesko Čepa na avstrijski strani Karavank. V okviru evropskega programa ECOS-Ouverture pa izvajamo čezmejni projekt Tematske poti po Košuti, s katerim želimo oživiti še nekoriščene pokrajinske danosti in jih vključiti v celovito turistično ponudbo na tem delu Karavank.