Municipal Territory Research Articles

Research of the Disparities in the Process of Revitalization of Brownfields in Small Towns and Cities

The subject of the work is the research on relevant factors influencing participation in the success of brownfield revitalization, especially in the territory of small municipalities. Research has so far dealt with the issue of determining disparities in the municipalities of the Czech Republic, not excluding small municipalities, but their subsequent application has usually been presented in larger cities. The focus on smaller municipalities or cities was usually addressed only in general. The introduction provides an overview of theoretical knowledge in the field of brownfield revitalization. Defining the level of knowledge of the monitored issues is an essential step for the purposes of more effective determination of disparities. Disparities will be determined on the basis of information on localities that have been successfully revitalized. The identified disparities are then monitored in the territory of small municipalities. For the purposes of processing, it was determined that a small municipality or city is an area with a maximum of 5000 inhabitants. Using appropriately selected statistical methods, an overview of disparities and their weights is determined, which significantly affect the success of revitalization. In small municipalities, the issue of brownfields is not emphasized but, in terms of maintaining community strength and reducing population turnover, the reuse of brownfields is a crucial theme.

The basis for placing a roadside service object in a municipal area

As international experience and Russian practice of creating an investment climate show, the effectiveness of the efforts of the local government level is of decisive importance when investors choose their production locations and implement other direct investments. The paper discusses topical issues of investment attractiveness of placing a roadside service facility on a land plot. Issues related to the implementation of the investment program of the Berdyuzhsky municipal district of the Tyumen region, namely the development of roadside services, including the analysis of urban planning documentation and territories of municipalities, urban planning (territorial) planning, planning and development of the territory, as well as actions to establish requirements for the considered land plots.

Formation of mechanisms for state regulation of environmental investment activities in the region

The modern development of the Russian economy is characterized by conditions of socio-ecological and economic development, which create the preconditions for the formation of such a system of using natural resources in the processes of industrial production and consumption, which will be distinguished by rationality, ensure not only environmental, but also economic security of society, the well-being of the present and future generations of the population, assume the creation of necessary and sufficient conditions for sustainable development, which, in turn, will require the introduction of not only economic, technical, technological, social and other transformations, but also changes in the mechanisms of state control and regulation of investment processes of environmental orientation. In our opinion, the greatest improvement should be subject to the regulatory and legal mechanism of both state regulation and, in particular, local public self-government. This need is explained by the fact that in the territories of municipalities, there are sources of environmental pollution and industrial enterprises implementing eco-efficient investment projects. However, as the analysis of the regulatory framework has shown, almost all documents regulating the activities of municipal government bodies in the investment and environmental spheres are approved by laws and resolutions of the governments of the regions in which the municipalities are located. Hence, it can be concluded that the improvement of the regulatory mechanism of state and public regulation should be carried out in a comprehensive manner for both the regional and municipal levels of government.

Regional development without social conflicts on municipal territories. Subjects of public municipalities’ control as institutions for forming public opinion and relieving social tension

Public councils and Public chambers, as subjects of public control at the federal, regional and municipal levels, are channels for forming public opinion of citizens about the government’s activities by performing their institutional functions and tasks. Their effective activity contributes to the accumulation of public initiatives aimed at providing the region’s development, improving the level and quality of people’s life, ensuring their retransmission to the authorities for making the necessary decisions. And if at the federal and regional levels their legal status is fixed by normative legal acts, at the municipal level there is no legal certainty to regulate the methods of creating and organizing the activities of local Public chambers. The author conducted a study to identify efficiency criteria for the realization of the institutional functions of regional Public chambers and by necessity of efficiency criteria, formed on their basis for Public chambers and councils of the municipal level, which may differ, and by necessity of development of proposals for additional resources to increase their effectiveness.

СИСТЕМАТИЗАЦИЯ ОСНОВ СОЗДАНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ ДЕТСКОГО ТУРИЗМА НА ПРИМЕРЕ СПЕЦИАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ РАЗВЛЕКАТЕЛЬНЫХ ЦЕНТРОВ

On the case of the natural potential of the Republic of Crimea, modern possibilities of implementing the Orders of the President of the Russian Federation on the development of children’s tourism in the constituent entities of the Federal Districts of the country are considered. The high educational role of schoolteachers in the processes of forming a child’s personality in childhood is shown. The author emphasizes the importance of children’s tourism based on recreation, games, and entertainment in the physical and intellectual development of children. The substantiation of the need to form a network of specialized centers for the physical and intellectual development of children in the municipal territories of the subjects using the experience of the best schools, with their subsequent transformation into the Centers for Children Specialized Tourism is given. For systemic management and purposeful interaction, it is proposed to unite the Centers into the Crimean Children’s Tourism Cluster. The conditions for the share participation of enterprises and organizations of the Crimea and other constituent entities of the Russian Federation in investing in the processes of creating and operating the material base of the Cluster are shown. The necessity of motivating the participants in the creation and functioning of the Centers is substantiated. The important role of the decisions of the heads of the constituent entities of the Federal Districts on the development of children’s tourism in their municipal territories is shown. It is proposed to create a special section on the development of children’s tourism in the regional state program Development of tourism on the territory of the subject for the time up to 2035. The protection of the local budget is provided since considering all the results of the activities of children’s tourism organizations. The directions of the necessary training and retraining of the personnel serving children’s tourism are shown. The composition of technical and economic indicators that characterize the components of the quality of life, affecting the life expectancy of a person is proposed. The most important of them, generated by the development of children’s tourism in the municipal territories of the subjects: the number of new jobs; the number of accommodation places for children and adults put into operation at centers of specialized children’s tourism; the number of trainees trained in the system of training and retraining of personnel in the professions of workers and employees who are in demand for serving children’s tourism; the amount of monetary income per capita and its increment; the number of educators and school teachers involved in the creation and operation of specialized children’s tourism centers; increment of the local budget. The possibility of motivated management of the work of Children’s Tourism Centers according to these indicators was noted

Geographical index of concentration as an indicator of the spatial distribution of tourist attractions in Belgrade

The spatial structure of tourist attractions can be presented both qualitatively and quantitatively. One of the indicators of the spatial structure of tourism is the index of geographical concentration of tourist attractions. The geographical concentration of tourist attractions represents the ratio of the number of tourist attractions in the observed area and its structural parts and the total number of structural units of the analyzed area. This paper aims to determine the spatial distribution of attractions in the administrative territories of Belgrade municipalities and to establish correlations with tourist attendance. The number and spatial distribution of accommodation capacities are the largest in the central city municipalities so that the number of visitors is the largest in them. At the same time, the central city municipalities have the highest concentration of tourist attractions. For data collection, the authors used field research, OSM (Open Street Maps), Google maps, with software processing ArcGIS 10.2. The research results enabled the definition of the model of distribution of tourist attractions and indicated its application. This model of distribution of tourist attractions shows that they are mostly concentrated in the city center. This also means a small spatial connection of tourist attractions in the city center and peripheral parts.

Укрепление местных сообществ через развитие институтов местного самоуправления

Solving problems at the local level requires the unified activity of both the municipal authorities and representatives of civil society. In this regard, the author attempts to comprehend the concepts of ‘local self-government’ and ‘local community’ in the context of the formation of a cooperative environment in the relationship between them, and also gives his own definition of the term based on existing approaches and views. The essence of this understanding of the local community is to emphasize the uniqueness of the role of local governments and public organizations, as well as individual citizens. The author focuses on the participation of non-profit organizations in this process, which is illustrated by the example of the all-Russian Council of local self-government and projects implemented by this organization, as well as by considering the work of the Association for the promotion of twinning relations of Cologne and Volgograd. The paper concludes that the role of the non-profit sector in the development of local communities needs to be strengthened in Russia. At the same time, it is necessary to change approaches to the definition of the term ‘local community’ in such a way that it reflects the desire to form associations that meet the criteria for involvement in the process of solving local problems that arise for public organizations and local residents (of different focus and different significance for the municipal territory). It is important that local communities have their own opportunities for self-identification against the background of existing associations and have a fruitful influence on the communication process between different communities and allow the exchange of experience in various fields.

Models of management of the territorial community nature resources’ rational use

The aim of the article is to present the results of the applied research, carried out to develop a model of land and water resources management for a united territorial community. The material was prepared on the basis of the results, which had been obtained during the implementation of the project, aimed to developing a vision for the strategy of the territory development. Within the development of the vision, the strategy for the development of the territorial community has been collected in a certain way, and then, on the basis of this information, a so-called mental experiment has been carried out based on various methods of information analysis. In particular, it gave the opportunity to develop models for the use of community’s land and water resources. Local governments should rely on carefully prepared information about available resources for more effective management of territories. One of the ways to get such information is the mental experiment method used with the aim of modeling potential ways of municipal territories’ land and water resources rational use.

Digital solutions for municipal differentiation of sustainable development in the subject of Russia

Using digital technology the municipal differentiation of sustainable development of the subject of Russia - the Samara region - was investigated. The rating of municipal districts according to the digital data of environmental sustainability was compiled. The most favorable environmental environment was characterized by the districts geographically located on the periphery of the region regardless of natural and climatic conditions. Environmental risks and threats to sustainable development developed in the municipal territories adjacent to large urban agglomerations. The authors analyzed the medium-term strategies for sustainable development of the region's municipalities. These documents revealed a significant difference in the number of environmental objectives, which sometimes do not coincide with the real situation. A typology of districts by the number of planned environmental sustainability programs was compiled. In order to reduce municipal differentiation, it was proposed to implement the provisions of state federal, regional and municipal programs of sustainable development in the corresponding territories, taking into account municipal characteristics.

Политическая субъектность забайкальского края в рамках муниципальных изменений

The article is devoted to the identification and analysis of the reform of municipal territories in the Transbaikal Territory, which actualizes the problem of political subjectivity. The article is of a controversial nature, since the tendencies of territorial development issues in the modern period have controversial points related to the unification of municipalities. The urgency of the problem is due to the formation of municipal districts and the need to generalize their practical experience of functioning. The problem is actualized by the fact that the base of the Priargunsky municipal district. In 2020 the Priargunsky municipal district was created, which requires the development of a unified municipal system and taking into account the municipal changes in Transbaikalia, primarily within the framework of the “Electronic Municipality” program. The purpose of the article: analyzing the political subjectivity of the Transbaikal Territory, to characterize the changes in local self-government bodies, taking into account the information openness of municipalities. Practice confirms that the low efficiency of the enlargement of municipal territories and the creation of municipal districts in the underdeveloped, depressed constituent entity of the Russian Federation, the Transbaikal Territory, is obvious. The article describes the relationship between administrative and public administration with the implementation of federal target programs and with the implementation of state and municipal decisions. Political subjectivity is inextricably linked with administrative and public administration, which is focused on a centralized system of leadership and is identical with the concept of “executive power”, and also has many similarities with state policy. Administrative and public administration is an imperative and administrative activity, which is implemented in normative (soft) and hard (prohibitions, orders) forms. The system of administrative and public administration includes the entire structure of government bodies and is focused on executive bodies of both federal and regional levels and on local government institutions. The novelty of the study is due to the fact that the complexity of the municipal territories of Transbaikalia is revealed; the incompleteness of the municipal reform is characterized from the point of view of managerial development and the need to take into account the strategic approach to territorial administration. The scientific significance of the article is emphasized by the identified interrelationships of administrative-state management and local self-government in the reform of municipal territories in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, one of which is the Transbaikal Territory

Параметрическая оценка туристско-рекреационного потенциала муниципальных территорий

The article considered an algorithm for carrying out a parametric assessment of the tourist and recreational potential of municipal territories, tested on the example of the Russian Azov region. The presented model of parametric assessment based on classical and modern approaches to the study of tourism and recreation, and here is presented an updated version. There have been proposed, have been calculated and have been substantiated a system of indicators (indicators of natural, historical, cultural potential, tourist infrastructure indicators, socio-economic sphere, integral tourism indicators), reflecting the peculiarities of the development of the recreational sphere in the municipal regions of the Russian Azov region. The article proposed a typology of municipal districts in terms of the level and prospects of tourist and recreational development and recommendations are given on priority measures in each of the selected municipalities.

Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) applied to flood susceptibility in São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil

The changes in environmental factors in a hydrographic basin, mainly in the urban environment, enable different scenarios than the change of parameters in climatic, physical, political, and socioeconomic factors. Those changes may have immediate effects on indigenous populations, often making them vulnerable to the risk of flooding. This article evaluates the vulnerability to flooding in the municipality of São José dos Campos, State of São Paulo, Brazil using multicriteria analysis and geoprocessing techniques. Quantum GIS (QGIS) was used in the manipulation and processing of vector and matrix data related to the terrain slope, hydrography, geotechnics, and data history of flooding (2009 - 2018) in São José dos Campos. The hierarchy and criteria weighting processes were carried out, as well as the zoning of areas at risk of flooding. Thus, it was found that 23.81% and 2.17% of the municipal territory has high and very high susceptibility to flooding. It can be concluded that the combined use of multicriteria analysis and geoprocessing is an effective contribution to assist the management of public policies in order to obtain more assertive decisions in the prevention or reduction of flood risks.

Proposing SMaR²T-ATi, an assessment tool for urban sustainable development and experimentation on Eucalyptus municipal territory, Algiers province

In developed and developing countries, many metropolitan cities are confronted with rapid unsustainable growth. The purpose of this article is to propose an assessment tool for the management of suburban territories, which will help enforce sustainable development strategies.The methodology used is based on a modelling approach resulting from system theory and systemic causality. The method allowed us to build a generic tree model of threshold index, and later the SMaR²T – ATi assessment tool and its three (3) levels of thresholds aggregated indicators: acceptable, critical or unacceptable.The tool is experimentally tested for the municipality of Eucalyptus in the suburbs of Algiers. The choice of the methodology was driven by the availability of multiple peer-review studies and reports on the unsustainable growth of the area. Based on some reliable indicators, results show levels of unacceptable thresholds as well as irreversible damage. The findings of this study provide multiple-choice for concrete solutions for the future of the Eucalyptus territory.Research provides opportunities to adapt the method of limit states in suburban land management; and to generalise experimentation to other suburban cities in the Algiers and elsewhere metropolitan area.

Urban climate maps as a public health tool for urban planning: The case of dengue fever in Rio De Janeiro/Brazil

The urban climate can influence the development of several diseases in the urban environment, among them dengue fever. The existing literature shows a strong correlation of the Aedes aegypti mosquito with climate, and especially with air temperature and humidity. The present study reveals a correlation between the surface temperature in the city of Rio de Janeiro and the distribution of Dengue vector larvae to provide suggestions for urban planning and public health/epidemiology for the control of the disease. In order to demonstrate this spatial correlation, mean annual surface temperature data obtained from the MODIS sensor and the spatial distribution of Aedes aegypti larvae were used to derive an ROC curve. The epidemic year of 2008 was selected to test the spatial correlation and the results were 67%. The influence of temperature on the spatial distribution of vector larvae in the epidemic years in the context of this study endorses the use of the urban climate map as a tool to help develop strategies for planning for and mitigating the problem. The characteristics of the urban site were derived using matrix algebra, in a GIS environment, and allowed us to identify those portions of the municipal territory that are most susceptible to heat storage - crucial to the reproduction and performance of the dengue fever vector in the transmission of the disease. In the city of Rio de Janeiro, high potential for heating was shown in the central and northern zones, as well as in the area of westward expansion of the city, which are also poorer and densely-populated areas.

On making amendments to the safety data sheet for territories

The article shows the importance of developing a safety data sheet for the territories of subjects and municipalities of the Russian Federation, argues the need for risk and threat analysis of various nature and the use of information technologies in the light of general and regional informatization. An innovative approach is described, with which you can automate some stages of the development of a safety data sheet, store the characteristics of potentially dangerous technical objects, analyze the results in accordance with documents adopted by the Government of the Russian Federation. An innovative approach is described, which can be used to automate some stages of the development of a safety data sheet, store the characteristics of potentially dangerous technical objects, and analyze the results in accordance with the documents adopted by the government of the Russian Federation.

Ethnobotanical research of the medicinal plants in Balchik Municipality (Bulgaria)

Abstract Studies of medicinal plants have been conducted in many municipalities and regions in Bulgaria, but only species diversity has been studied. Data from ethnobotanical studies in Bulgaria are scarce. The conducted ethno-botanical study of medicinal plants on the territory of Balchik municipality is performed for the first time. As a result, we found that the population of the municipality uses a small part of the medicinal plants: 89 species out of a total of 845 medicinal plants in Bulgaria. Medicinal plants are used mainly for side applications (71%) and to a lesser extent for medicinal purposes (29%). Urban and rural populations use almost the same number of medicinal plants. There are significant differences in the number of plants used by different ethnic groups, age groups and groups with different levels of education. Women use more medicinal plants in human medicine, and in applications for other purposes, more plants are used by men. Most medicinal plants are used by people of active age. The people of Balchik Municipality use for various purposes mostly cultivated medicinal plants, rather than wild and mostly alien species, than native ones. The majority of respondents (78%) do not use medicinal plant substitutes. Most of the people (92.5%) are not aware of the shortcomings of the medicinal plants or the possible side effects of their use.

MÉTODO PARA FORMULAÇÃO DE PLANO OPERACIONAL APLICADO AO PLANEJAMENTO PORTUÁRIO: CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA ELABORAÇÃO DOS PLANOS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO E ZONEAMENTO (PDZS) DOS PORTOS BRASILEIROS

Planos Operacionais, no contexto dos Planos de Desenvolvimento e Zoneamento Portuário (PDZs), caracterizam-se como conjuntos de ações que conduzem ao atingimento dos objetivos no âmbito estratégico do setor portuário nacional. Neste artigo, propõe-se um método para sua elaboração utilizando como base na técnica 5W2H e considerando as diretrizes estratégicas de instrumentos de políticas socioambientais, política nacional de transportes, planejamento do setor portuário, planejamento do território do município e instrumentos de planejamento da Autoridade Portuária. O método foi aplicado na elaboração do PDZ do Porto do Itaqui e resultou em 77 ações alinhadas aos instrumentos de planejamento, políticas e diretrizes mencionados.

Health needs: a temporary analysis of the social representations of the concept

Abstract Background This study aims to analyse the social representations of health needs in a Brazilian municipality, questioning the capacity that public policies developed and implemented by the Brazilian Health System (SUS) had to meet these needs. Methods Qualitative case study in which the data were analysed by: 1) the Health Needs Taxonomy (Matsumoto, 1999), as an instrument for assessing health needs, formatting the interview guide and organizing the empirical data; 2) the Theory of Social Representations (Jovchelovitch, 2000), to capture health needs; 3) Content Analysis (Bardin, 2004), as an instrument of analysis and comparison of perceived needs. The methodological path used was the same in the two moments in which this research is based (2009 and 2016). The entire municipal territory was analyzed and 26 representatives of civil society organizations were interviewed. Results Based on the results given, we state that health is a permanent and timeless need, but the mediations for its satisfaction have changed historically. The interface between quantitative indicators and subjectivity in assessing needs reveals the authoritarian architecture of its decision-making process, which has ruined the necessary democracy for prioritising and meeting those needs. The asymmetrical relationships present in the Brazilian society have both undermined the collective character of health needs and promoted the distance between who care and who are cared for. Most of the priorities listed by the interviewees in 2009 remain composing the social context of the municipality in 2016. Conclusions The challenges for comprehensive health care remain critical given both the decrease in popular political participation and in institutional spaces, which leads to the annulment of the right to a universal health. Interdisciplinary and participatory diagnostics remain essential to understand the complexity of social changes and the challenges for the consolidation of meeting health needs. Key messages The capacity that public policies developed and implemented by the Brazilian Health System (SUS) had to meet these needs. The challenges for meeting health needs remain critical given both the decrease in political participation and in institutional spaces, which leads to the annulment of the right to a universal health.

Mapping and Assessing Soil Sealing in Padua Municipality through Biotope Area Factor Index

Soil sealing is a worldwide phenomenon of covering of natural or seminatural soil with impervious surfaces, such as built-up or paved surfaces. It is widely recognized as a major environmental issue which drives landscape fragmentation and ecosystem services degradation and loss. Italy is one of European countries with the highest extent of soil sealing. The most affected area is northern Italy, especially the Po Valley with more than 12% of sealed surfaces. According to official data, Veneto Region and the city of Padua are seriously affected by this phenomenon. The Biotope Area Factor is a consolidated ecological urban index for mapping soil sealing, adopted in different European cities to support urban planning; it expresses the ratio of the ecologically effective surface area in relation to the total land area according to land cover classes. The general aim of this study is to map and to assess soil sealing in the whole municipal territory of Padua using the Biotope Area Factor (BAF) index. We tested and adopted a digital land cover map together with aerial images to perform a BAF analysis on the whole municipal territory of Padua. By using sample areas previously analyzed, we validated our source data by a double spatial validation process; therefore, soil sealing analysis was scaled-up to the municipality territory. Results show that in the city of Padua, the average BAF index value is 0.6; totally permeable surfaces (BAF = 1) cover 59.5%, whereas totally “sealed” surfaces (BAF = 0) are 40.3% of the municipal territory (93 km2). Most of the sealed soil is located in the east sector and in the historical core of the city, with BAF values ranging from 0 to 0.2. A particularly critical area is identified within the new industrial area of the city, which is strongly affected by soil sealing. BAF maps are useful tools to identify critical areas by geovisualizing surface permeability at a very detailed scale and by enabling further analyses for hydrogeological risk assessment and urban climate regulation. Moreover, the use of BAF maps at urban scale today represent an important tool for urban management, especially for policy makers who are planning mitigation and compensation measures to control soil sealing.

Il Tevere come frontiera tra Umbria ed Etruria

The Tiber river as a frontier between Umbria and Etruria: some reflections on the case study. This paper analyses the importance of the Tiber River as a frontier between Southern Umbria and the Etruscan territory, paying particular attention to the importance for the Tiber as a commercial route between two cultures along an area included between the ancient territories of Volsinii and Todi, corresponding today to the municipal territories of Baschi and Montecchio in the province of Terni. The research area corresponds to a sector of the Middle Tiber Valley between the Umbrian settlements of Todi and Amelia, where the infiltration of the Etruscan culture originated one of the most important archaeological evidence of it, such as the necropolis of Vallone San Lorenzo. In this context the site of Copio represents the main settlement related to the necropolis. Here the last field-walking survey demonstrated a longue duree of this settlement and his importance as a possible commercial intermediary between the two banks of the river.