Municipal-private Partnerships Research Articles

Пути совершенствования жилищной политики в России

The article provides a brief overview of the situation in the Russian economy one year after the imposition of sanctions by the United States, European countries, and their allies because the special military operation was launched in Ukraine. The assessment of the difficult situation of the housing construction industry for 2023 is given. This evaluation became possible due to an imbalance of supply and demand, because of high real estate prices and a large number of unsold flats, and because of decreases in demand due to purchases in 2021 of flats for the future, uncertainty about the future, and reduced purchasing power of citizens. Assuming a long period of sanctions, the author’s vision of ways to improve housing policy is presented, which can become one of the main drivers of social and economic development of Russia under sanctions. The key proposal is to change the emphasis in housing policy from high-rise to low-rise individual housing construction. This fact will help to maintain production by companies that are connected with housing construction industry. Low-rise housing construction will contribute to the inclusion of urban districts in the agglomeration. It is suggested to stimulate the development of the market of individual low-rise housing by expanding the list of preferential mortgage programs, increasing funding, using public-private and municipal-private partnerships, founding construction savings banks, using digital technologies and ecosystems. To set the strategic goals of housing policy and to monitor the effectiveness of its further implementation, the author’s methodology for calculating a generalized integral indicator is proposed. It takes into account the development in the economic, housing, and digital spheres.

Prospects for the application of the mechanism of municipal-private partnership (MPP)

The article is devoted to the problematic issues of the implementation of municipal-private partnership practices and the prospects for its development. The author of the article proposes a revision of those areas where MPP can be successfully implemented, and the expansion of their spectrum. It is noted that the area which is undeservedly ignored by local authorities in the context of attracting private partners is cultural and leisure services. The sphere of tourism is also highlighted as promising in this context. The problem of a high level of bureaucracy and the cumbersome procedures of municipal-private partnerships has been identified; it was determined that the problem of lack of awareness and qualification of private partners remains relevant. According to the authors, formation of a training system, creation of educational programs, hotlines and information centers, communication channels for communication with representatives of the commercial sector are promising. The authors of the article have come to the conclusion that it is necessary to reform the system of financial regulation of PPP mechanisms by intensifying the practice of investing in infrastructure bonds and expanding the list of special economic zones. The problem of regional inequality in relation to the ongoing PPP projects has been highlighted, which requires a restructuring of approaches to the territorial diffusion of PPP projects. A problematic aspect of PIL is, among others, the lack of separate tools and practices for monitoring the effectiveness of partnerships. The prospects of joint efforts of municipalities and private business in the field of achieving sustainable development goals and implementing joint projects in the areas of waste processing, water treatment, etc. have been proposed.

Digital physical culture and health technologies in the aspect of improving the working capacity of workers (foreign and Russian experience)

The article examines the positive aspects of foreign and Russian experience in physical culture and health–improving work with workers. Attention is focused on the economic feasibility of using digital physical culture and health–improving technologies in the management of organizations, through which, according to the author, it is possible to organize physical education during the working day not only for large corporations, but also for small firms, which will have a positive effect on improving the efficiency of workers and labor productivity. It also emphasizes the key role of municipal–private partnerships in the creation and implementation of projects related to corporate sports.

ПУБЛИЧНОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИМ РАЗВИТИЕМ АРКТИЧЕСКОЙ ЗОНЫ НА ПРИНЦИПАХ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО-ЧАСТНОГО И МУНИЦИПАЛЬНО-ЧАСТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА

The purpose of the study is to consider the theoretical and methodological aspects of state management of the socio-economic development of the Arctic zone on the basis of interaction between the state and business structures using public-private and municipal-private partnerships. The subject of the research is a set of organizational and managerial relations within the framework of public administration in the implementation of public-private and municipal-private partnerships in the Arctic zone. Research methodology: the theoretical and methodological research was based on the scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists concerning the paradigm of public administration, mechanisms of public-private partnership for the development of infrastructure of territories. Results of the study: the institutional models of public administration providing support to business structures were examined, the essence of public-private partnership and its role in increasing the efficiency of public administration of the socio-economic development of territories were disclosed, an algorithm was proposed for the selection and implementation of infrastructure projects for the socio-economic development of the Arctic zone using mechanisms of public-private and municipal-private partnership.

Rural infrastructure development, based on public-private and municipal-private partnership

The article highlights the interaction of elements of the engineering infrastructure in rural areas; the priority importance of the engineering infrastructure is shown; the es-sence of public-private and municipal-private partnerships and the principles of inter-action between participants in innovative projects are outlined; the advantages of us-ing PPP mechanisms and the main problems of businesses participating in PPP pro-jects are disclosed.

De-shadowing mechanisms for wholesale and retail trade services

The main reasons and sources of the spread of shadow operations in wholesale and retail trade in Ukraine are studied. The paper reveals that tax evasion and unaccounted trade operations with smuggled and counterfeit products are the most common types of shadow activities in trade in services. Entrepreneurs and citizens most often use the shadow schemes in the process of buying and selling goods due to gaps in the system of institutional regulation, as well as due to the imperfection of fiscal policy. At the same time, the most threatening are the growth of institutional dysfunctions and the spread of various forms of opportunistic behavior. They generate institutional mutations in the wholesale and retail trade business, as well as in the system of control over the trade activities. A number of new approaches to the implementation of national and regional economic policies aimed at de-shadowing wholesale and retail trade services are suggested. The priority directions and mechanisms of wholesale and retail trade de-shadowing in Ukraine in accordance with the existing challenges are outlined. Particular attention is paid to the need to generate a modern business culture of wholesale and retail market participants, as well as its digitalization and development of e-commerce. Important means of de-shadowing also include the intensification of cross-sectoral and municipal-private partnerships, increasing the level of transparency and efficiency of regulatory institutions, modernization of trade infrastructure, and fiscal liberalization. The paper offers a range of recommendations for public authorities and local governments about priority areas and principles for improving the institutional support of wholesale and retail trade in order to de-shadow it, including the need to normalize the work of the institute of individual entrepreneurs in trade, to change the method of collecting personal income tax and bring its value closer to the single tax rate for entrepreneurs, and to improve the quality of human and social capital.

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL TOURISM IN THE VOLOGDA REGION

The paper considers scientific approaches to determining the essence of rural tourism and agrotourism. The authors conduct a review of the current state and trends in the development of tourism, including rural tourism, in the Vologda region. The article characterizes the activities of the government bodies of the Vologda region to create conditions for the development of the tourism industry. The study proves the prospects for the development of rural tourism in the region, shows the possibilities of forming complex tourist products. The article identifies the main problems of rural tourism development in the region and determines the directions of their solution. The paper considers the role of local governments in the development of rural tourism. The authors justify the necessity of more active implementation of the project approach in the practice of municipal administration in order to fully apply the tourist potential of the region’s territories. The study emphasizes public-private and municipal-private partnerships as one of the most effective ways to attract investment in the development of tourist infrastructure.

MUNICIPAL-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP IN THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SINGLE-INDUSTRY CITY

The article deals with the development of a modern single-industry city using the mechanisms of municipal-private partnership. A feature of the economy of a single-industry city is its dependence on the activities of the city-forming enterprise. In this regard, the mechanisms of municipal-private partnership between a single-industry city and its city-forming enterprise have a number of distinctive characteristics. In contrast to the traditional formats of municipal-private partnership, which provide for the implementation of individual projects, the interaction of its subjects is permanent and comprehensive. Therefore, in relation to a single-industry city, it is proposed to use a program — target approach, highlighting a separate function in the municipal management system-the management of municipal-private partnerships. In addition, the proposed atypical and beyond the traditional forms of interaction between municipalities and business entities directions of public-private partnerships which include: the development of the investment potential of the enterprise, the development of small businesses associated with the activities of the enterprise, implementation of corporate responsibility.

The rise and fall (?) of public-private partnerships in Israel’s local government

ABSTRACT Municipal-private partnerships (MPP), including BOT concessions, joint municipal-private corporations, and leveraging municipally owned land to promote private investment, have become major tools of urban development, but the 2008 global crisis seemed to have changed attitudes towards their application. Based on documents and open-ended interviews, our study examines the apparent retreat from MPP in Israel. Results show that BOT lost appeal in the 2010s, particularly among fiscally sound cities and water and sewage municipal corporations, not because of an ideological rejection, but largely due to low interest rates that eliminated its financial motivation. Regulatory hurdles also played a role in luring municipalities away from MPP in the centralised Israeli context. However, BOT remains in the municipal development toolbox and the study points at ‘maturation’, moving away from the financial motive to the capacity motive, mainly in fields out of municipal core tasks and in projects sufficiently isolated from external uncertainties.

ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ БАШКОРТОСТАН

The article sets out the organizational and economic aspects of the development of the business sector of the Republic of Bashkortostan. In the context of the study region, the key problems in the system of state support for small and medium-sized businesses were identified, which together reflected: the underdevelopment of the system of public-private and municipal-private partnerships, the weakness of the political organization of events to support and develop the private entrepreneurial sector, the lag of the region’s administrative power mechanisms in the formation of an institutional business climate and, as a consequence, a decrease in the level of economic and production potential and the region. Based on the analysis of quantitative indicators of the state of small and medium-sized enterprises of the Republic of Bashkortostan, a conceptual model of the factors of the influence of the institutional environment on the level of development of the business sector has been formed, which allows to systematize the directions of growth and popularization of forms of small and mediumsized businesses in the Republic. According to this model, the most important vectors of state support for private business entities are: development of financing systems, subsidies and loans for investment PPP projects, applied developments and business projects for the development of small business forms; the formation of an effective partnership system between government and private sectors, which provides an opportunity for business structures to take part in transforming the region’s entrepreneurial infrastructure, in organizing financing, taxation, and investment projects for SMEs; development of the information sphere of entrepreneurship support through the creation of a digital government system and the use of relevant electronic-digital technologies; stimulating the formation of a high-quality competitive environment and the competitiveness of small businesses in the market economy of a region and a country. For each identified area, according to the developed model of the factors of the impact of institutional conditions, a series of measures were proposed that provide: the formation and improvement of the image of the business sector, the expansion of the powers of small and medium-sized businesses in the implementation of public-private projects and initiatives; normalization of investment flows that increase the profitability of small firms; the establishment of effective institutional foundations in the chain of relations «state – municipality – business – society».

Model of effective partnership between government and business in the course of the implementation of regional infrastructure projects

The aim of the article was to develop recommendations for increasing the socio-economic and budgetary efficiency of investments in the regional infrastructure of public utilities on the basis of public-private partnerships. The main problems of the practical implementation of public-private (PPP) (municipal-private (MPP)) partnership projects in the communal complex of the Republic of Bashkortostan are identified and systematized. The necessity of using modern information technologies in the implementation of PPP projects is substantiated to simplify the system of interaction between three different categories of users, business, government and the local community. A model of effective partnership between government and business in the implementation of a municipal heat supply project is proposed. The proposed author’s model is based on a comprehensive consideration of the interests of all parties involved in the project (investor, producer, consumer of services, authorities, local community). It contributes to the determination of economic, social and environmental efficiency. The main provisions and conclusions of the study can be used in state and municipal programs to support public and municipal-private partnerships. The theoretical and applied problems of establishing unified, universal mechanisms for the development of regional infrastructure require special attention. These mechanisms are based on the use of models for the optimal choice of priority investment projects for territorial development.

Participants’ interaction in infrastructure projects of the municipal-private partnership

The article systematizes the idea of the participants’ interaction in thr infrastructure projects of municipal-private partnerships through an ecosystem approach. Required and non-mandatory project participants, as well as an algorithm for their interaction in the framework of the municipal-private partnerships’ ecosystem, which is classified as “Ecosystems of infrastructure partnership” in the article, are identified. A methodological apparatus has been developed and organizational models for the construction or reconstruction of the municipal-private partnerships infrastructure projects are formed. The models are proposed to be divided into basic and varied, the latter are essentially summary and may include from one to three optional elements.

FEATURES OF CONCLUDING A PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT IN THE FIELD OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL SECTOR FOR PRIVATE PARTNERS

The article discusses the problems of legal regulation of public-private partnerships in the field of environmental protection, the procedures for concluding an agreement on public-private partnerships in the framework of Federal Law dated 13.07.2015 No. 224-ФЗ On Public-Private Partnerships, Municipal-Private Partnerships in the Russian Federation and amending certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation”, as well as increasing the investment attractiveness of the environmental protection sphere for private partners. The relevance of this topic is due to the fact that at the moment both projects aimed at protecting the environment and projects in other sectors of the economy are implemented mainly within the framework of concession legislation, and the norms of specialized legislation remain unclaimed by the participants of these relations. According to the author, the reasons for this state of affairs are, inter alia, the problems considered in the article. The findings of the study can be used to build a model of legal regulation of public-private partnerships in the field of environmental protection, as well as to formulate scientifically based proposals for improving legislation. In addition, the investment attractiveness of the environmental sector for private partners is also an economic topic, therefore, it is of interest to study by economists, whose research and proposals in this area will be important for the legal community.

The economic effects of the implementation of integrated development programs of small historical settlements (on the example of Kasimov, Ryazan region)

The purpose of the study in this article is to identify and analyze the potential economic effect from the implementation of comprehensive programs for the development of small historical settlements in Russia. At the present stage of the economic development of our country, in the economic system of these settlements a whole range of problems arises, which are in many ways common to all small towns. The key ones are the massive closure of uncompetitive enterprises, unemployment, mass migration of people to large cities, infrastructural decline and a general decline in population standards of life. In the case of small historical settlements, this situation is also fraught with the loss of the valuable objects of historical and cultural heritage of the peoples of Russia.The article outlines shortly the main measures, currently used by the executive authorities of the Russian Federation to revitalize the economy of small historical settlements. In particular, the preparation by the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation for the implementation of the Concept on the development of historical settlements, supporting and promoting cultural and tourist opportunities, and developing the economy cultural heritage is mentioned. Within the framework of this Concept, it is planned to implement comprehensive programs for the development of small cities and historical settlements; those programs should take into account all aspects of the functioning of such settlements as socio-economic systems. Issues of economic efficiency of such projects are among the most important for making decisions on implementation. This article analyzes the potential economic effects of the implementation of the project for the creation of the tourist and recreation cluster “Kasimovskiy” (town of Kasimov, Ryazan Region). This project is considered by the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation as a pilot in the program for the implementation of the above-mentioned Concept. The economic effect analysis (results of which are shown in this article), was carried out in the context of various income and cost items of the city budget, using the methods of budget planning and financial analysis, and is based on a system of coefficients developed by the expert method.The analysis shows a significant economic effect of the program implementation in a number of areas – in particular, in the elements of the national economy, tax structure, social security system and housing and communal services, as well as in the sphere of employment of the population and subsidized structure. At the same time, it is important to bear in mind that since the implementation of the program implies a widespread use of the mechanism of municipal-private partnerships, the relationship between the costs of budgets at various levels and the economic effect identified should be the focus of a separate case study.

Необходимость применения государственно-частного и муниципально-частного партнерства в жилищном строительстве

Необходимость применения государственно-частного и муниципально-частного партнерства в жилищном строительстве

Developing the system of municipal property management of the city of Irkutsk: using the mechanisms of municipal-private partnership

The authors have performed economic and statistical analysis of dynamics of income from the use and sale of municipal property in the city of Irkutsk in the structure of non-tax revenue of local budget, and identified key problems impeding effective management and disposal of municipal property in Irkutsk. They proposed perspective directions of solution of the identified issues, including expanding of sphere and practice of use of mechanisms of municipal-private partnerships in the management of municipal property. The major issues impeding implementation and development of mechanisms of municipal-private partnership on the concession terms on the territory of Irkutsk have been identified, and prospective directions of their development suggested. Necessity of work to be carried out by local bodies on development of methodological materials containing basic requirements and practical tools on preparation and implementation of projects of municipal-private partnership on the concession terms is justified in the paper, including a legal model, a technical model, and a financial and economic (financial) model. The authors proposed using indicators of socio-economic effectiveness of implementation in the framework of financial and economic model of concession projects.

Organizational and financial mechanisms for implementation of the projects in the field of increasing the energy efficiency of the regional economy

Nowadays budgetary funds still prevail among sources of financing of the projects in the area of increasing the energy efficiency of the regional economy in the Russian Federation. For example, in the Tver region in 2016, 82% of the projects for the modernization of the heat supply infrastructure and 100% for the modernization of the electricity supply infrastructure were implemented at the expense of the budget. At the same time, there is a decrease in the total amount of state financing of energy efficiency projects due to a high proportion of the budget deficit of the subjects of the Russian Federation. According to the agency ACRA (information dated April, 12, 2017 at www.acra-ratings.ru), 58 out of 85 regional budgets for 2017 were accepted with a total deficit of 193 billion rubles. At the same time, the urgency of applying organizational and financial mechanisms for the implementation of energy efficient projects involving alternative financing is growing. The article systematizes the views on the perspective mechanisms for implementing projects in the field of increasing the energy efficiency of the regional economy, including taking into account the analysis of problems of their application in the example of the Tver region. The authors studied existing organizational and financial mechanisms for energy-efficient projects, including public private and municipal private partnerships, and the Local Initiatives Support Program.

Концессионные соглашения как инструмент муниципально-частного партнерства

Концессионные соглашения как инструмент муниципально-частного партнерства

Государственно-частное партнерство в области физической культуры и спорта

The article is devoted to problematic issues of public-private and municipal-private partnership in the field of physical culture and sports. Further development of this form of interaction between the state (municipalities) and businesses in the field of physical culture and sport involves a number of issues. Some of them are connected with a social component. The development of public-private partnership in the field of physical culture and sport must be dictated by the need for the implementation of the goals and objectives of the social policy of public authorities in this area. The availability of public services, including in the field of physical culture and sport, should be enshrined as a legal principle of state-private and municipal-private partnership. The author proposed to consolidate in legislation the priorities of the public-private (municipal-private) partnerships in the field of physical culture and sports. One of them has to be the development of mass sports. Public-private (municipal-private) partnerships can be used to develop the system of sport clubs at its place of residence. It is necessary to consider concluding agreements for such partnerships not only in relation to sports facilities, but also in relation to the state and municipal services in the field of physical culture and sports.

Urban Agglomeration as an Element of Regional Policy (Canada example)

The transition from the alignment of regional development policy levels to the polarized politics of development leads to the task of forming a new system of strategic objectives of territorial development and mechanisms to achieve them. This agglomeration acting as «locomotives» of economic and social development for the surrounding areas can become centers for the modernization and development of the entire national economy. The article considers the role of urban centers in the formation of a federal state regional policy on the example of Canada. The paper analyzes the causes and consequences of the emergence of urban agglomerations, administrative and political structure of emerged subjects, considers entities organized on the basis of public / municipal-private partnerships, focusing on the implementation of cluster initiatives in the territory of agglomerations. On the example of metropolitan areas of Toronto and Montreal, features of formation of a control system and the development of urban centers in Canada are highlighted. The work reveals the positive and negative sides of the agglomeration municipalities, a comparative analysis of the characteristics of agglomerate in Russia and Canada is presented, approaches are proposed. The presented Canadian experience shows that in formation of urban agglomeration it is necessary to seek a compromise between integration and individualization.