Multipolar Order Research Articles

The problem of technical teacher training in modern conditions

Introduction. The article deals with the problem of selecting the content of the training of future teachers of general technical disciplines. It is proved that in conditions of multi-vector technical development, and turbulence associated with the transition to a multi-polar world order, the content of this training should change rapidly. Not only the given invariant of this content is important, but also the methodology of its formation.Aim. The present research aims to formulate the problem of developing the content for technical teacher training.Methodology and research methods. The developed methodology foundations for the selection of optimal content for technical teacher training are based on activity, competence-based, transfessional and transprofessional approaches. The empirical base was obtained using a distance questionnaire to technical teachers from 26 universities. The following theoretical methods were applied: retrospective analysis of the working conditions of teachers of technical disciplines; analysis of scientific and methodological literature on the problem of combining subject-professional and pedagogical training of a technical teacher; analysis of disciplines from professional training programmes in the Russian universities.Results. The analysis of vocational training programmes of technical and pedagogical universities made it possible to compare them with each other and to correlate the disciplines of the general professional block and elective courses to the main current directions of the Russian technical development in the current conditions. This made it possible to identify the content of the professional activity of the future technical teacher, as well as to indicate the possibilities for changing this content both in technical and pedagogical universities in order to more accurately match it with the existing tasks of technical development of the state. As a result of a retrospective analysis, a historically formed “portrait” of a technical was described. The following problems were indicated: “physical and technical snobbery” as unwillingness to enter the humanities and pedagogical field of professional activity from the physical and technical content of their subject; a low level of methodological knowledge and skills; lack of erudition in technical fields among young teachers; low professional self-esteem.Scientific novelty consists in the fact that for the first time the analysis of the disciplines of the general professional module and elective courses of technical and pedagogical universities of Russia revealed their correlation with the main directions of the development of science, technology and engineering.Practical significance. The conducted research allowed the authors to raise questions about the selection of the content of technical teacher training. This should help in the formulation of the principles of content selection to develop its methodology.

Quantum spin nematic phase in a square-lattice iridate.

Spin nematic is a magnetic analogue of classical liquid crystals, a fourth state of matter exhibiting characteristics of both liquid and solid1,2. Particularly intriguing is a valence-bond spin nematic3-5, in which spins are quantum entangled to form a multipolar order without breaking time-reversal symmetry, but its unambiguous experimental realization remains elusive. Here we establish a spin nematic phase in the square-lattice iridate Sr2IrO4, which approximately realizes a pseudospin one-half Heisenberg antiferromagnet in the strong spin-orbit coupling limit6-9. Upon cooling, the transition into the spin nematic phase at TC ≈ 263 K is marked by a divergence in the static spin quadrupole susceptibility extracted from our Raman spectra and concomitant emergence of a collective mode associated with the spontaneous breaking of rotational symmetries. The quadrupolar order persists in the antiferromagnetic phase below TN ≈ 230 K and becomes directly observable through its interference with the antiferromagnetic order in resonant X-ray diffraction, which allows us to uniquely determine its spatial structure. Further, we find using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering a complete breakdown of coherent magnon excitations at short-wavelength scales, suggesting a many-body quantum entanglement in the antiferromagnetic state10,11. Taken together, our results reveal a quantum order underlying the Néel antiferromagnet that is widely believed to be intimately connected to the mechanism of high-temperature superconductivity12,13.

NUCLEAR ANXIETY: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THE FILMS, DR. STRANGELOVE AND THE HUNT FOR RED OCTOBER

Due to the Cuban Missile Crisis between the USA and the USSR in 1962, the nuclear war was closer than ever. This situation thought as the most terrifying result of the Cold War era has also been the subject of film productions. Director Stanley Kubrick, satirically and critically, portrayed the US and Soviet politics of the time in his film "Dr. Strangelove." Conversely, John McTiernan's film "The Hunt for Red October," released in 1990, presents the politics of that era through American conservative values. These films reflect the policies of the era of unipolar world order, while also shed light on the transition period to a multipolar world order. In 2014, the Russian Federation's military intervention in the Crimean Federal District marked the beginning of a new era. In the following years, the Russian Federation expanded its military operations into Ukraine's interior regions, and consequently, this leads to concerns about nuclear threat once again. In this time of nuclear concerns has risen again, it is seen critical evaluate these films in the current context. These films, which present the politics of the era from different perspectives, were analyzed comparatively using a critical discourse analysis method.

The G-20 and Global Rise of Indian State

The G-20 (Group of Twenty) is the first global forum that can be considered a great step for global economic cooperation in the 21st century. It is associated with the current transformation of the world order as well as the requirement to find global solutions to this century’s problems which are progressively acquiring global dimensions. With this background, the emergence of the G-20 has been perceived as an affirmation of the increasingly multi-polar order and a sign of the end of the West’s domination of the world economy and politics. On the other hand, it has been viewed as a response to the increasing interdependence created by globalization in which north-south distance is to some extent mitigated. The result is that a country like India is becoming a leading actor in the world along with an emerging system. India is holding the G-20 Presidency for one year from December 2022 to 30 November 2023. It is also about to host the world community on 9-10 September 2023 on the occasion of the eighteenth G-20 Summit. This Presidency is an important opportunity for India to demonstrate its leadership and strive to strengthen multilateral cooperation at a time when the world is grappling with the debt crisis, looming recession, the slow spanning of the Sustainable Development Goals agenda, and great power competition, accelerating and facing challenges such as the conflict in Europe. This article traces the evolution of G-20 in light of India’s forthcoming Presidency and projects G-20 as a global governance grouping that successfully seeks to bridge the North-South divide.

Czynnik tajwańsko-chiński w strategii i polityce Francji wobec Indo-Pacyfiku

THE TAIWANESE-CHINESE FACTOR IN FRANCE’S STRATEGY AND POLICY TOWARDS THE INDO-PACIFIC The aim of this article is to provide a synthetic overview of France’s involvement into the Indo-Pacific region, in the context of the protection of important national interests related to the possession of overseas territories. This article analyses impact of the French-Chinese bilateral cooperation on relations with Taiwan. The author points out that France has recognized the government of the PRC as the only representative of China since 1964 and does not maintain diplomatic relations with Taiwan, emphasizing that this is a permanent position, initiated by General de Gaulle, and cooperation between Paris and Taipei is developed in accordance with the “one China policy.” The second aspect of the analysis of France’s policy and strategy towards the Indo-Pacific region was embedded in the broader framework of political, economic relations and military alliances with Asian countries as an element of promoting a multipolar order and stopping Chinese expansionism in the Indo-Pacific area and strengthening its own geopolitical position against the background of China’s rivalry with United States.

India’s G20 Presidency: Implications for the Latin American Region in the Framework of the Global South

The turbulent unipolar world order is on the descendant, paving the way for a more representative multipolar global order. One of the early signs of this trend was the emergence of the G20 as a forum seeking to shape and strengthen the international economic and world governance architecture. Since then, the G20 along with other multilateral forums like the BRICS has played a role in consolidating the identities and interests of its Global South member states. The article discusses the debate over using ‘Global South’ identity instead of ‘Third World’ image. It also provides insights into Latin American perspectives on India’s G20 Presidency and as a leader of the Global South, given the historical and contemporary strategic significance of New Delhi in the emerging multipolar world order. The article also reflects on how India engages and interacts with Latin America in light of China’s growing influence in the region.

The Struggle of the Great Powers between Maintaining Hegemony and Recreation of a New World Order from the Lens of the Balance of Power Theory

Balance of power is a crucial concept in international relations, driving decision-makers to confront US unilateralism. However, President Xi sees President Putin as the master key to the erosion of the Western-centric world order; therefore, the strategic partnership between Russia and China is not an emergency partnership; Mutual cooperation is constructed based on the leaders’ convictions and joint activities allow them to reset the balance of power as well as, form a new multipolar world order centered on the UN’s true purposes and principles. Yet, it seems the founding myth of emerging economies has faded and the BRICS countries’ are experiencing their geopolitical moment; the group attempting to establish themselves as a representative of the global South and as an alternative to existing West financial and political institutions.

Tightly focused linearly and radially polarized beam effect on the LSPR peak with varying particle size

Interactions of gold and silver spherical nanoparticles (NPs) of a wide range of radius size with tightly focused beams are investigated for a wide range of wavelengths. The scattering of tightly focused beams with a single NP of varying size is examined using a generalized Mie theory and average intensity enhancement in the near-field due to localized surface plasmons is examined for different tightly focused beams. A multipole expansion approach is used to observe the contribution of modes in shaping the scattered light intensity. Influence of particle size and tightly focused beam on intensity enhancement factor is investigated and a shift in localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak towards higher wavelength is observed with increasing particle size. Maximum intensity enhancement factor due to scattering of different incident beams by a metallic NP is theoretically examined and reported. Gold and silver NP having radius size ranging from 30–60 nm and 1–15 nm respectively showed a maximum intensity enhancement factor in different media. A significant enhancement for the tightly focused radially polarized beam is observed for gold and silver NPs of radius size between 50 nm and 100 nm. Variation towards higher wavelength in LSPR peak due to involvement of higher order of multipoles, and the surrounding medium are also examined in detail.

Политическое мировоззрение в условиях трансформации глобальной системы мироустройства

The purpose of this work is to consider the features of the formation of the phenomenon of political worldview in the conditions of transformational processes taking place within the framework of the global world order. The methodology of the research was discourse analysis, as it allowed the author to identify trends emerging in the intellectual space and socio-political discourse, which made it possible to solve the problem of interpreting the content of the problem field and assess its impact on the formation of attitudes of the political worldvie. The paper defines the essence of the phenomenon of worldview, which consists in the ability of a person to have a holistic picture of the world, as well as the possibility of acquiring values and ideals that determine the motives of behavior and goals of life strategy. A comparative analysis of such phenomena as ideology and worldview is carried out, during which the author comes to the conclusion that the phenomena under consideration, having a common basis for the sphere of value meanings, can have a mutual influence in the process of forming ideological guidelines. Special attention is paid to the problem of forming a political worldview in the conditions of changing the previous system of the world order. For many, the familiar unipolar world order today is increasingly coming into a state of degradation. The former system is gradually being replaced by the emerging model of a multipolar world order, which has the potential to form the basis of the worldview of the political worldview of modern Russian society. The conclusions the author comes to are that a complete and consistent view of the world requires consistent work on its formation, which also concerns the political worldview. This circumstance leads to an understanding of the importance of purposeful activity to form an integral paradigm of the world order in the consciousness of Russian society.

Strategic partner election: proposal for a Binary Logistic Model for the European Union

The European Union awarded the special status of strategic partner to ten states. Its key partners are dissimilar in political philosophies and structure, power status, ethical values, economic development, unequal in size and mineral reserves. Some of them are traditional Post-Second World War partners while the others have established recent partnerships in a new multipolar world order. However, from the very beginning the EU Conception of Strategic Partnership was just an assemblage of political statements without any official definition and clear established criteria for being chosen as a strategic partner. In this regard, this paper aims to analyze the strategic partnership phenomenon in EU Foreign Policy and provide our own definition of the term with a view to underpin it subsequently by common criteria. Based upon obtained main components the Binary Logistic Model was applied, which not only did allow to make the election of EU strategic partners more science-based but also propose the potential EU partners.

Процесс зарождения нового справедливого многополярного миро-устройства и перспективы его становления

The article discusses the process of the collapse of the Yalta Peace of 1945 in the 1990s and the transition from a bipolar balanced and stable world of socialism and capitalism, led by the USSR and the USA, to an unstable unipolar world order dominated by the USA. It is shown that the duration of the unipolar world turned out to be short-lived and today a new multipolar world order, initiated by Russia and supported by China and other leading developing countries, has already arisen and is growing stronger. The BRICS and SCO formed by Russia and China became the center of crystallization of the multipolar world. It is shown that the BRICS and the SCO will become the locomotives of world development in the coming decades. It also describes the hybrid wars of the United States and its allies against Russia and China, undertaken in order to maintain a unipolar world. In conclusion, conditions are formulated under which the process of forming a multipolar world order will become stable and irreversible.

Дагестанские русские в эпоху социокультурных трансформаций (конец XX – начало XXI в.): последствия и пути преодоления негативных тенденций

The article examines the demographic situation and social well-being of Russians in Dagestan and the North Caucasus during the era of sociocultural changes and transformations in the second half of the 1980s using literary sources and population census materials, as well as chronological, dia-chronic, structural-system, and actualization methods. XX – the start of the twenty-first century. This includes "perestroika," the collapse of the Soviet Union and the establishment of the Russian Federation with the establishment of a new paradigm of state and social structure, globalization, modernization, and urbanization processes, economic reforms, the rise of religious extremism, the Russian-Chechen armed conflict of 1994-1996 and 1999-2009, and so on. In general, these activities and events harmed the well-being and social well-being of Dage-stan Russians, resulting in a large exodus from Dagestan. The adopted state program to assist Rus-sians living in and returning to the Republic of Dagestan was inadequate and did not halt this bad trend. According to the author, the Russians have recently lost their high status position in the re-gion, which was established in the North Caucasus ethno-social hierarchy throughout the pre-revolutionary and Soviet periods. To regain this status, a comprehensive program to create safe and comfortable living circumstances for them in the region must be developed. The relevance of the study is due to the complex socio-economic and socio-political situation in the country and the world, the global challenges of our time, the special mission and responsibility of Russians for the fate of the multinational Russian state in a world order that is transforming from a monopolar (USA) to a multipolar (USA, Russia, China) world order.

India-Afghanistan Relations in Changing Regional Geopolitics

Afghanistan’s recent political transformations starkly confirm the country’s inevitable connectedness to volatile global geopolitics, currently witnessing the transformation of the role of the entire South Asian region within global geostrategic re-alignments. The US disengagement from Afghanistan put India and China into a new competitive scenario of cultivating their respective relations with Afghanistan. Before this complex backdrop, the article focuses on India’s policy options in Afghanistan, but first of necessity engages briefly with the changing regional geo-politics and the emerging new world order. In light of these new geopolitical realities, it becomes evident that despite much distrust and many misgivings, India’s Afghanistan policies have to be robust, focused on defending its geopolitical interests and concerns against China’s expansionist clout, while seeking to promote a multipolar world order, a strategy that appears like a reincarnation of India’s earlier path of non-alignment.

Conflicts in the Middle East and Prospects for their Resolution

The article analyzes the origins, causes, a brief history, participants, external players of regional confl icts in the Middle East, development dynamics and prospects for their resolution. The author comes to the conclusion that by now most of the Middle East protracted confl icts have been frozen, but there are sporadic outbreaks of violence and provocations, accompanied by mutual rocket and artillery strikes and shelling. Mostly, such incidents take place on Israel's borders with the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, Lebanon and Syria. The Israeli Air Force is carrying out missile and bomb strikes against military facilities and pro-Iranian military groups in Lebanon and Syria. The Turkish authorities, under the pretext of fighting terrorism, carry out military punitive operations in northern Syria and Iraq, as a result, there are casualties among the Kurdish militias and civilians in the border areas. Local skirmishes and exchanges of blows between US military personnel and Iranian proxy forces in Syria and Iraq do not stop. Missile and drone attacks also target oil and gas production facilities, tankers of Saudi Arabia and other countries in the Persian and Oman Gulfs. In general, a fairly high level of terrorist threat remains in the region. The author believes that the weakening of the position of the United States and its Western allies in the Middle East, the course taken by the countries of the region to diversify their external relations through rapprochement with China, India, and Russia creates good prerequisites for the peaceful resolution of protracted confl icts. This is also facilitated by the normalization of relations between Turkey and Israel, Saudi Arabia with Iran, the establishment of relations with an increasing number of Arab countries with Israel, the return of Syria to the League of Arab States, etc. At the same time, sharp disagreements and fundamental contradictions remain between the State of Israel and the State of Palestine, in particular, over the status of Jerusalem, the occupied Palestinian territories and Israeli settlement activity. Lebanon and Syria have territorial claims to Israel. So far, the process of a Middle East settlement under the auspices of the UN and the quartet of international mediators has been frozen. And if Riyadh and Tehran were still able to overcome the confrontation and, with the mediation of China, Iraq and Oman, began to restore previously broken relations, then the confrontation with elements of a hybrid war between Iran and Israel remains and is fraught with escalation into an armed conflict. In recent years, the unresolved Kurdish problem has become more and more acute. Deprived by Western politicians of the right to establish their own state, the multi-million Kurdish people found themselves divided by the borders of four states, whose authorities are pursuing a clearly discriminatory policy towards their Kurdish minorities. On the agenda is the struggle of the Kurds for equal rights and freedoms with the so-called titular nations (Turks, Arabs, Persians), and in the future the creation of Kurdish autonomous regions or subjects of federations. The author comes to the conclusion that the growing trend towards a multipolar world order dictates the need for a peaceful resolution of regional conflicts and long-term enmity of peoples, creates objective prerequisites for establishing their mutually beneficial cooperation, regardless of national, ethnic, confessional affiliation.The time of domination in the countries of the third world of the colonial principle "divide and conquer" is coming to an end.

New developments in the global world: challenges and opportunities for Georgia

The main purpose of this article is to analyze the features of the current reality of globalization, to identify the created opportunities and threats, and to reveal the ways to overcome it. The object of research is the current economic and political processes in the world, as well as, especially, geopolitical issues and the Ukrainian crisis. The work is based on the analysis of various fundamental literature, synthesis, specific statistical data, components of globalization index. The work draws conclusions using the cause-and-effect relationship of facts. Based on the trend of strengthening the multipolar world order, important conclusions and recommendations are presented about the possibilities and threats caused by the modern new reality of globalization, and taking advantage of it. The new, modern trend of strengthening the multipolar world order not only brings visible positive results, also creates acute problems of protecting national priorities within the framework of international cooperation. Ensuring the country's security is significantly influenced by the growth of interdependence between the subjects of international relations, new events in the global world, the increased openness of the economy of the world’s most countries, the development of joint programs to solve contemporary, important problems. Keywords: sources of globalization, modern tendency of strengthen the multipolar world order, globalists, anti-globalists.

The Decline of American Hegemony: Biden’s Foreign Policy Towards China

The capitalist crisis of the late 1960s not only revealed the end of the long postwar expansion but also the crisis of US hegemony, which entered into decline. Under neoliberal globalization, US foreign policy has positioned itself as a political instrument of hegemonic preservation in the face of the struggle for an ascending multipolar global order. With the arrival of Joe Biden to the presidency of the United States, this policy has represented a departure from the isolationist policy of Donald Trump, but it unfolds as a renewed version of “Cold War” politics, that is, an aggressive multilateralism and a “reloaded” imperialism, which far from advancing towards a multipolar order excludes and sanctions countries considered enemies of the United States and branded as authoritarian, non-democratic, or populist. The list is long and begins with China, which is defined as the strategic adversary of the United States in the twenty-first century.

In the Era of Uncertainties - Middle Power Politics in a Multipolar World

The Asia-Pacific region has transformed from a colonial past to an emerging economic power hub, thus bringing fluidity to its definition. The Asia Pacific region is a powerhouse of economic, technological, demographic, and social growth, drawing the attention of several scholars to the distinctive hotbed of great power competition and the emergence of a multipolar world order. The article studies the rise of middle powers by understanding the nature of their foreign policy behaviour by re-examining the regional security complexes of the Asia-Pacific region. In trying to bridge the imbalance of power and regionality, the author argues that the geopolitical flux in the security environment has severe implications for regional integration and cooperation. Countries in the Asia-Pacific region intend to constructively engage in widening their multi track diplomacy through multi-layered alignments with numerous formal and informal agencies and thus create multiple centres of power, influence, and order. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and ASEAN-plus continue to present themselves as indispensable in order to promote converged strategic hedging, scilicet, pursuing bilateral, minilateral, and multilateral efforts on the chessboard of geostrategic competition of- Low Politics, including supply chains, trade production, cooperation on public health, and infrastructure development; and High Politics, implying defence partnerships and military modernisation agreements. Nonetheless, strategic hedging is not a preferred option for competing powers as it provides these middle power agencies (in bilateral, minilateral, and multilateral) with space, a platform, and channels for pragmatic, cooperative, yet cautious partnerships. However, the region has a myriad of options for tackling the complex nature of ASEAN consensus and self-help governance, thus overlooking its functions of regional security diplomacy and aptitudes of prioritising and advancing the member states internationally.

Probing octupolar hidden order via Janus impurities

Quantum materials with non-Kramers doublets are a fascinating venue to realize multipolar hidden orders. Impurity probes which break point group symmetries, such as implanted muons or substitutional impurities, split the non-Kramers degeneracy and exhibit a Janus-faced influence in such systems: they can destroy the very order they seek to probe. Here, we explore this duality in cubic osmate double perovskites which are candidates for exotic d-orbital octupolar order competing with quadrupolar states. Using ab initio computations, Landau theory, and Monte Carlo simulations, we show that Janus impurities induce local strain fields, nucleating quadrupolar puddles and suppressing the octupolar Tc. At the same time, strains mix the non-Kramers doublet with an excited magnetic triplet, creating parasitic dipole moments which directly expose the hidden octupolar order parameter. Our work unravels this Janus duality in recent impurity nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, with important implications for uncovering hidden order in diverse multipolar materials.

Is а Multipolar World Possible аfter February 24 аnd is There a Place for the EU in It?

The present article focuses on the question is a multipolar world possible after 24 February 2022 and what is the place of the EU in this world. The system of international relations established after the Second World War is undergoing its most serious revision with the beginning of Russia’s military actions against Ukraine. The declarative political requests of Russia, China and the countries around them after 24 February 2022 were transformed into real actions, including military ones, which show the ambition and capabilities of these countries to cause discussion about and effect changes in the existing system of international relations. The EU faces serious challenge – will it be able to assert its role as a political pole in a multipolar world. This role implies that the EU consolidates, reforms and extends the scope of the multilateral approach through which it operates to new areas, so that it can help Europeans realize their interests on the global stage and contribute to a more stable multipolar order, maintaining its openness by adherence to cooperation and accepted rules. Therefore, the EU must become a political union with common economic visions and procedures, which will determine whether the EU is part of the forming poles or will have an independent weight. At the same time, the question arises of whether we are ready for a multipolar currency world. The analysis leads to the following conclusions: 1) a multipolar world is possible; 2) the challenge is that the process of forming multipolarity in international relations does not lead to antagonism and fragmentation, but to strengthening the processes of unification and integration; 3) the world is changing rapidly and humanity is entering a new era of deep transformation, which also includes the presence of multipolarity, economic globalization, development of information society, cultural diversity, transformation of the architecture of global governance and world order, as well as increasing interconnectedness and interdependence between countries.

Quantum impurity model for two-stage multipolar ordering and Fermi surface reconstruction

Quantum impurity model for two-stage multipolar ordering and Fermi surface reconstruction