Multidisciplinary Analysis Research Articles

First record of well-preserved canid coprolites from Eurasia: New insights into the unique ecological niche of Yuanmou Basin

This study reconstructs the Early Pleistocene paleoenvironment of the Yuanmou Basin through coproecology of the third member of the Yuanmou Formation. We examined 38 exceptionally well-preserved coprolites from a new fossil locality, and attributed the putative defecating agent to the hypercarnivorous diet canid, Sinocuon yuanmouensis through geochemical and quantitative analyses. A new ichnogenus and ichnospecies, Cuocopros yuanmouensis igen. et. isp. nov., was established based on distinctive characteristics. Multi-disciplinary analysis, including sediment palynology and lithostratigraphy, helped primarily reconstruct a significant climatic event during the early Pleistocene, coinciding with the emergence of Yuanmou Man during the fourth member of the Yuanmou Formation's deposition. The findings provide insights into coexistence between canids, hyaenas, hominoids, and other fauna, revealing a rich paleoecosystem and food chain in the region's history. This study contributes to understanding the complex ecological dynamics during this period in the Yuanmou Basin.

Performance evaluation and multidisciplinary analysis of catalytic fixation reactions by material-microbe hybrids.

Hybrid systems that integrate synthetic materials with biological machinery offer opportunities for sustainable and efficient catalysis. However, the multidisciplinary and unique nature of the materials-biology interface requires researchers to draw insights from different fields. In this Perspective, using examples from the area of N2 and CO2 fixation, we provide a unified discussion of critical aspects of the material-microbe interface, simultaneously considering the requirements of physical and biological sciences that have a tangible impact on the performance of biohybrids. We first discuss the figures of merit and caveats for the evaluation of catalytic performance. Then, we reflect on the interactions and potential synergies at the materials-biology interface, as well as the challenges and opportunities for a deepened fundamental understanding of abiotic-biotic catalysis.

Comparative analysis of European vertical landing reusable first stage concepts

AbstractReusable launch systems have the potential to significantly impact the space launch service market if both a high reliability and low refurbishment costs can be achieved. This study delves into the Vertical Takeoff and Vertical Landing (VTVL) methodology, as currently employed by SpaceX, and forms a segment of the ENTRAIN study by DLR. This broader study encompasses an examination of both Vertical Takeoff Horizontal Landing (VTHL) and VTVL reusable first stages, exploring their performance across high-level design parameters. This manuscript’s primary objective is to assess the quantitative impact of high-level design factors on launch vehicle performance, particularly in relation to the development of a future European reusable launch system featuring a VTVL first stage. For a two-stage vehicle with a payload performance of 7.5t into GTO, the effect of varying propellant combinations, staging velocities and engine cycles are assessed. The study encompasses an iterative, multidisciplinary analysis and sizing process for ten different configurations. Each design iteration not only entails a structural design analysis but also includes optimization of the ascent and descent trajectories. Finally, the developed vehicle concepts are compared to derive quantitative insights into the trade-offs associated with key design choices.

The integration of solar-hydrogen hybrid renewable energy systems in oil and gas industries for energy efficiency: Optimal sizing using Fick's Law optimisation Algorithm

The global demand for sustainable energy solutions in the oil and gas industry has stimulated interest in the integration of renewable energy sources. This paper investigates the techno-economic and environmental aspects of incorporating a solar-hydrogen-based hybrid renewable energy system (SHRES) into oil and gas processing facilities.The proposed SHRES, comprising Solar PV modules, hydrogen production and storage systems, and a gas turbine generator (PV-FC-EL-Tank-GT), aims to enhance energy efficiency and reduce the carbon footprint of energy-intensive operations. The study utilises a multidisciplinary approach, encompassing engineering, economics, and environmental analysis. The techno-economic evaluation employs detailed modelling and optimisation using Fick's Law Algorithm, ensuring efficient energy production and cost-effectiveness. Ecological assessments quantify potential reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental impacts.The technical and economic evaluation identifies the electrolyser system as the most significant cost contributor (57%). The optimised system balances energy sources with 45% from PV modules, 35% from fuel cells, and 20% from gas turbines, showcasing substantial reliance on renewable energy while maintaining required power generation.Addressing the urgent need for sustainable energy solutions in the oil and gas industry, the study highlights the potential of SHRES integration. By employing Fick's Law Algorithm, alongside with 80 % of renewable energy integration, the research optimises system components to optimise the annualised cost to be $57,539.85, decrease to zero the Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP), and mitigate CO2 emissions to a lowest value of 0.147 gCO2eq/kWh (by 80 %). The electrolyser system's pivotal role and the distribution of power generation sources are emphasised.This study presents a novel approach to integrating solar-hydrogen systems into oil and gas processing facilities, aiming for sustainability. The findings underscore the significance of the electrolyser system and the distribution of power generation sources in optimising the SHRES. Recommendations for renewable energy integration and potential reductions in CO2 emissions and costs are discussed, providing valuable insights for future energy policies.

Evolution of logistics in the context of digital transformation: Common and profile barriers

Aim. To investigate the key barriers faced by enterprises in the process of digital transformation in the field of logistics, as well as to identify the profile barrier inherent in logistics processes and offer practical recommendations for overcoming them. Objectives. To analyze the development of digital transformation and the impact on the processes of Logistics; to identify the process-barrier relationship; to identify the key barriers arising in the digital transformation at enterprises, including the profile barrier in the processes of logistics; to offer practical recommendations for overcoming barriers in the aspect of the implementation of digital initiativesMethods. The research is based on multidisciplinary analysis of academic and professional literature, reports of consulting companies, as well as consideration of practical cases from the industry.Results. An Ishikawa diagram was developed to capture the process-barrier relationship and identification of key barriers arising from digital transformation in logistics enterprises. The profile barrier was identified, in particular the complexity of logistic processes. Recommendations for overcoming barriers in the course of digital transformation at the enterprise were developed.Conclusions. Digital transformation is important for maintaining competitiveness and development of enterprises, including in the field of logistics. Effective implementation of digital solutions requires both technological and organizational changes. When carrying out digital transformation of enterprises in the field of logistics, one of the key factors of efficiency is the consideration of the profile barrier, i.e. the complexity of logistic processes. Analyzing the impact of all potential barriers of digital transformation, taking into account the specifics of the enterprise’s activities will eventually allow to carry out digital transformation with the greatest efficiency.

Attraction and achievement as 2 attributes of gamification in healthcare: an evolutionary concept analysis

This study conducted a conceptual analysis of gamification in healthcare utilizing Rogers’ evolutionary concept analysis methodology to identify its attributes and provide a method for its applications in the healthcare field. Gamification has recently been used as a health intervention and education method, but the concept is used inconsistently and confusingly. A literature review was conducted to derive definitions, surrogate terms, antecedents, influencing factors, attributes (characteristics with dimensions and features), related concepts, consequences, implications, and hypotheses from various academic fields. A total of 56 journal articles in English and Korean, published between August 2 and August 7, 2023, were extracted from databases such as PubMed Central, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, the Association for Computing Machinery Digital Library, the Research Information Sharing Service, and the Korean Studies Information Service System, using the keywords “gamification” and “healthcare.” These articles were then analyzed. Gamification in healthcare is defined as the application of game elements in health-related contexts to improve health outcomes. The attributes of this concept were categorized into 2 main areas: attraction and achievement. These categories encompass various strategies for synchronization, enjoyable engagement, visual rewards, and goal-reinforcing frames. Through a multidisciplinary analysis of the concept’s attributes and influencing factors, this paper provides practical strategies for implementing gamification in health interventions. When developing a gamification strategy, healthcare providers can reference this analysis to ensure the game elements are used both appropriately and effectively.

Emplacement and flow dynamics in a small volcanic dyke swarm: The example of Mount Calanna (Etna, Italy)

The emplacement mechanism and flow dynamics of small dyke swarms associated with monogenetic eruptive centres are less well studied than those of large swarms associated with shield volcanoes and flood basalts. This is due to their limited exposure and ease of reworking by later events. However, the study of small dykes helps to better constrain the forces controlling dyke propagation and thus reconstruct the emplacement history of the volcanic system. This study presents a multidisciplinary analysis of Mount Calanna (Mount Etna, Italy) where we sampled a total of 11 dykes among the two groups: 1) sub-vertical dykes from the lower part of the system, and 2) sub-horizontal dykes from the upper part. To infer the magma flow direction, we used Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) and compared the results to the Shape Preferred Orientation (SPO) of the plagioclase crystal fabric. To quantify the relative timing of dyke emplacement, and to characterise the magma plumbing system, we also used the palaeomagnetic and geochemical signature of the sampled dykes.The fabric analysis highlights a NE-SW flow direction in the sub-vertical dykes, and a NE-SW and NW-SE direction in the sub-horizontal dykes. Dykes emplaced at the lowest levels in the swarm show sub-vertical to inclined magma flow, whereas those towards the top of the Mount Calanna show inclined to sub-horizontal flow. The combined structural and geochemical analyses suggest the Mount Calanna swarm is a coherent intrusive complex associated with a phase of activity of Ancient Alkaline centre (AAC), with Mount Calanna representing an example of the uppermost portion of a shallow plumbing system in which intrusion orientations are controlled by regional tectonics.

Multidisciplinary Analysis and Medicolegal Approach of the Incest

Multidisciplinary Analysis and Medicolegal Approach of the Incest

Impact of Injection Rate for CO2 Storage Within Sedimentary Basins, a Multidisciplinary Analysis of Focused Fluid Flow

Impact of Injection Rate for CO2 Storage Within Sedimentary Basins, a Multidisciplinary Analysis of Focused Fluid Flow

A Framework for Aircraft Conceptual Design and Multidisciplinary Optimization

In this research, the architecture and the functionalities of the LAMBDA (Laboratory of Aircraft Multidisciplinary Knowledge-Based Design and Analysis) framework for the design, analysis, and optimization of civil aircraft are presented. The framework is developed in MATLAB R2022a and comprises a modular architecture, which gives the potential for the use of different methods and fidelities for each discipline. The methods can be selected from a set of built-in methods or custom user-defined scripts. Disciplinary modules of the LAMBDA are Requirements, Weight, Sizing, Geometry, Aerodynamics, Engine, Performance, Cost, Emission, and Optimization. This framework has been used for different types of design and optimization problems. When it is applied for the design and optimization of a novel regional TBW (Truss-Braced Wing) aircraft, the operating cost has been reduced by 7.7% in the optimum configuration compared to the base configuration.

The Bowland Shale Formation in the Blacon Basin: syngenetic processes, stacking patterns and heat productivity

Abstract We conducted a high-resolution multi-disciplinary analysis of two core sections in the borehole Ellesmere Port-1, Cheshire, UK. Biostratigraphic analysis indicates that the core sections are Kinderscoutian and late Arnsbergian–Chokierian in age, respectively. Both cores are assigned to the Bowland Shale Formation (Holywell Shale). Coupled core scan and discrete geochemical analysis enables interpretation of syngenetic processes at a high stratigraphic resolution. Both cores exhibit the classic cyclicity of limestones, calcareous to non-calcareous mudstones and siltstones, interpreted to represent sediment deposition during fourth-order sea-level fluctuation. Machine learning of the well log data coupled to the core scan data enabled prediction of the key lithofacies through the entire Bowland Shale interval in Ellesmere Port-1. The machine predictions show that the Bowland Shale is interfingered with three turbiditic leaves of the Cefn-y-Fedw Sandstone Formation and contains at least 12 complete fourth-order cycles. The Bowland Shale exhibits high radiogenic heat productivity in comparison with other sedimentary rocks, due primarily to relative U enrichment under intermittently euxinic conditions. Thermal modelling, however, shows that the radiogenic heat productivity of the Bowland Shale contributes a negligible source of additional heat at the scale of hundreds of metres.

Local physical gradient-based coupling information interpolate method and application on double-wall turbine blade multidisciplinary analysis

A novel generalization interpolate modification method based on local gradient is presented. The main idea was to remove the sample points located in the gradient direction away from the unknown points compared to the sample points located in the perpendicular direction. This method first uses the Taylor expansion to construct a set of equations and solves the local physical gradient. Subsequently, a scale vector is derived to modify the interpolate space. Three classical interpolation methods were modified: Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), Radial Basis Function (RBF), and Kriging method. The results of the test functions prove that the proposed method can effectively decrease the interpolate error regardless of low or high dimensional interpolate problem and irrespective of the sample point size. Surface and volume interpolate validations demonstrate that the local gradient generates a large interpolate error, and the modified method can essentially diminish this error with a maximum reduction of 9.94 %. Subsequently, this method is applied to implement a multidisciplinary analysis of a practical double-wall cooling blade with a large physical gradient. The results showed that the pressure and temperature interpolate errors could be decreased by 5.18 % and 14.5 %, respectively, with only an additional 115 s, at the fillet and film hole area where the local gradient was high. When the strength analysis was implemented, the maximum stress error reduction was 25.04 MPa at the stress concentration region.

RHYTHMS OF LIBERATION: TRACING THE DANCE OF EMANCIPATION THROUGH HISTORY

The role of dance as a transformative medium for women’s emancipation, tracing its evolution from the Renaissance period to contemporary times. is a topic that necessitates a broad, multidisciplinary analysis. Dance is presented not only as a form of artistic expression but also as a powerful instrument for social change and gender equality. Through historical analysis, the study highlights how dance has facilitated women’s ability to express their identities, challenge patriarchal norms, and advocate for their rights across various epochs. The research underscores significant contributions by key figures and movements that have used dance as a platform for signalling shifts in societal attitudes towards women’s roles and freedoms. By drawing on the works of scholars such as Goldman (2010) on improvisational dance, Hahn (2013) on the role of creative arts in education and social change, Camp (2002) on dance as a form of resistance among enslaved women, and Åhäll (2016) on feminist security studies, the paper elucidates dance’s multifaceted impact on women’s liberation. From the sophisticated court dances of the Renaissance that reflected societal and cultural shifts to the expressive and boundary-pushing performances of the 19th and 20th centuries, dance emerged as a dynamic force in advocating for women’s emancipation. The conclusion reaffirms dance’s ongoing relevance as a medium through which contemporary women continue to explore their identities, challenge existing norms, and promote feminist values, thereby contributing to the broader discourse on gender equality and empowerment.

Resilient design in nuclear energy: Critical lessons from a cross-disciplinary analysis of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear accident

This paper presents a multidisciplinary analysis of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. Along with the latest observations and simulation studies, we synthesize the time-series and event progressions during the accident across multiple disciplines, including in-plant physics and engineering systems, operators' actions, emergency responses, meteorology, radionuclide release and transport, land contamination, and health impacts. We identify three key factors that exacerbated the consequences of the accident: (1) the failure of Unit 2 containment venting, (2) the insufficient integration of radiation measurements and meteorology data in the evacuation strategy, and (3) the limited risk assessment and emergency preparedness. We conclude with new research and development directions to improve the resilience of nuclear energy systems and communities, including (1) meteorology-informed proactive venting, (2) machine learning-enabled adaptive evacuation zones, and (3) comprehensive risk-informed emergency planning while leveraging the experience from responses to other disasters.

Miocene evolution of the External Rif Zone (Morocco): Comparison with similar and lateral southern Mediterranean Tethyan margins

The Miocene evolution of the External Rif Zone (NW Africa Plate) was determined through multidisciplinary analysis of fourteen successions. The updated stratigraphic framework shows how Miocene sediments rest on the Cretaceous–Paleogene terrains through unconformity surfaces, whereas it rests with sedimentary continuity in two sectors. After recognition of lithofacies and three unconformities located near the Oligocene–Aquitanian, Aquitanian–Burdigalian and Serravallian–Tortonian boundaries, the Miocene sedimentary record was divided into three stratigraphic intervals representing deep to shallow marine deposits as Aquitanian–Burdigalian, Langhian and Upper Serravallian–Missinian. The two oldest unconformites are restricted to the central sector, while the upper one is generalized and probably related to the nappe tectonics registered in all sectors of the External Rif. Data from analysis of tectofacies, petrology, mineralogy, meaning and implications of unconformities, and subsidence indicate that: (i) mass flow deposits (turbidites, slumps, olistostromes) are common in all successions but more frequent during the Lower Miocene; (ii) petrology of the detrital components of the arenites indicates recycled orogen-derived sediments, with quartz coming from erosion of metamorphic rocks of the Atlas orogen and/or the African craton; (iii) mineralogy of mudstones suggests a complex erosional evolution of local emerged areas derived from a mixture of contributions coming from the erosion of Upper Jurassic to Paleogene suites, and especially from kaolinite-rich Albian–Cenomanian to Paleogene successions with absence of a clear unroofing. The conjunction of all these clues reinforces the idea of a synsedimentary tectonics affecting the margin/basin system during the Miocene. A thickness analysis of the studied sedimentary successions allows proposing the evolution of the orogenic front and main depozones (foredeep, bulges, wedge-top and intramontane sub-basins) integrated in a complex foreland system migrating from north to south with the Atlas-Mesetas area acting as foreland during Miocene. The orogenic front moved from the Internal Intrarif to Mesorif and later to Internal Prerif. The main wedge-top basin also migrated from the Internal Intrarif to External Intrarif. The foredeep migrated from the Mesorif to the Internal Prerif, while the main forebulge was located in the External Prerif and a secondary bulge developed in the External Intrarif. Intramontane basins developed behind the orogenic front in relative extensional conditions moving from the Internal Intrarif to External Intrarif. The reconstructed Miocene evolution was inserted into a 2D paleogeographic-geodynamic evolutionary model using GPlates software, and then compared to those reported in other external margins of the western Tethys (Betic Chain, Tunisian Tell, Sicilian Maghrebids and Apennines), revealing important similarities and local differences.

Multidisciplinary Robust Design Optimization Incorporating Extreme Scenario in Sparse Samples

AbstractRobust design optimization (RDO) is a potent methodology that ensures stable performance in designed products during their operational phase. However, there remains a scarcity of robust design optimization methods that account for the intricacies of multidisciplinary coupling. In this article, we propose a multidisciplinary robust design optimization (MRDO) framework for physical systems under sparse samples containing the extreme scenario. The collaboration model is used to select samples that comply with multidisciplinary feasibility, avoiding time-consuming multidisciplinary decoupling analyses. To assess the robustness of sparse samples containing the extreme scenario, linear moment estimation is employed as the evaluation metric. The comparative analysis of MRDO results is conducted across various sample sizes, with and without the presence of the extreme scenario. The effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method are demonstrated through a mathematical case, a conceptual aircraft sizing design, and an energy efficiency optimization of a hobbing machine tool.

General health status of a stranded Tursiops truncatus of the oceanic ecotype in southern Gulf of Mexico, Campeche coasts: a multidisciplinary analysis

Strandings provide valuable information about rare marine organisms and their relationship with their environment. In the southern Gulf of México, specifically on the central coast of Campeche, Mexico, strandings of oceanic cetaceans have rarely been recorded, therefore, biological information has also been scarce. One of such rare stranding cases occurred on September 7, 2022, on the coast of Seybaplaya, Campeche. The specimen was identified as a female of Tursiops truncatus with the morphology features of the oceanic ecotype. The carcass was examined shortly after death, and samples for different analyses were obtained fresh. Tissue samples were collected, and some particular observations were made to define the individual's general health status. Results of the analyses revealed damage in the liver, lungs, and kidneys, probably related to 1) the advanced age of the organism (>35 years), and 2) the presence of persistent organic pollutants. Most importantly, this study contributed two new findings, the first record of the parasite Anisakis and the presence of renal calculi in the oceanic ecotype of T. truncatus in the southern Gulf of Mexico.

Hospitality Environmental Indicators Enhancing Tourism Destination Sustainable Management

Environmental aspects are considered a specific process that requires a multidisciplinary analysis, as the application of indicators in organizations stems from effective performance management; the tourism sector is no exception. In 2015, the United Nations formulated 17 sustainable development goals to contribute to a common vision for people and the planet. The main objective of this study is to propose a framework of science-based environmental sustainability indicators for the hospitality industry, which can be used by hotel managers to improve the efficiency of sustainable management of tourism destinations. This study used a mixed methodology of systematic review and content analysis, which is an innovative methodological approach; an in-depth analysis of various scientific articles, consultancy firms’ websites, and technical books was carried out. The results categorized the environmental indicators into four domains: water, energy, waste, and emissions. After a framework was established with 24 environmental indicators, the most relevant were water consumption per guest, water consumption per occupied room, and energy consumption per square meter/foot. However, there were disparities in the use of indicators between the scientific literature, consultancy firms, and the technical books. In this way, there is a need to create stronger relationships between these sources for effective adoption by hoteliers, allowing for adequate environmental indicators with positive impacts on the tourism destination management.

Comprehensive Survey on Applications of Internet of Things, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Precision Agriculture

A comprehensive, multidisciplinary analysis of the latest developments in digital agriculture is conducted with the use of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and the Internet of Things. By automation and the use of modern, scalable technology solutions that reduce risks, support sustainability, and give farmers predictive advice, traditional agricultural processes are being updated and improved to maximize production. In this paper, the applications of AI, IoT, and ML in agricultural production systems are discussed in detail. The applications that have been explored can be broadly categorized into three areas: soil management, livestock management, and crop management. Weed detection, disease identification, and yield forecasting are some of the applications for crop management. Two applications of livestock management are animal welfare and production. The use of AI, IoT, and ML will make it possible to collect data from agricultural activities for analysis and the extraction of insightful knowledge, facilitating prompt and accurate decision making to increase agricultural productivity. This will result in farming that is more exact and efficient while requiring less labour and producing high-quality produce.

Multidisciplinary Automation in Design of Turbine Vane Cooling Channels

In the quest to enhance the efficiency of gas turbines, there is a growing demand for innovative solutions to optimize high-pressure turbine blade cooling. However, the traditional methods for achieving this optimization are known for their complexity and time-consuming nature. We present an automation framework to streamline the design, meshing, and structural analysis of cooling channels, achieving design automation at both the morphological and topological levels. This framework offers a comprehensive approach for evaluating turbine blade lifetime and enabling multidisciplinary design analyses, emphasizing flexibility in turbine cooling design through high-level CAD templates and knowledge-based engineering. The streamlined automation process, supported by a knowledge base, ensures continuity in both the mesh and structural simulation automations, contributing significantly to advancements in gas turbine technology.