Multi-storey Buildings Research Articles

Parametric Study of Three Dimension RCC Frame Structure for During Earthquake Condition

In India’s seismically active region, the necessity for earthquake-resistant structures is highlighted by seismic waves that alter the motion of the earth. Response spectrum analysis combines modal responses via techniques including CQC, and ABS, taking into account a variety of response modes. This study compares earthquake loads using various soil types in Zone III and evaluates building performance during seismic events. The primary goal of the entire project is to analyse the seismic response of multistory buildings. Staad Pro Software does load calculations in order to analyse the entire structure. The outcomes turned out to be incredibly exact and precise. A G+7 and G+10 storey building was examined for every potential load combination (seismic, live, and dead loads) during my analysis and design process. The highly interactive and user-friendly user interface of Staad. Pro allows. Numerous factors that may impact earthquake ground movements and associated reaction spectra are included in analytical approaches for site response analysis. To ensure that assessments of earthquake ground motons at the site are reliable, it is crucial to look into how these parameters affect site reaction analysis. The parametric study presented in this work looks into how site factors affect ground motion during earthquakes. We calculated the response reduction of the common moment-resisting body case and the unique moment-resisting frame values Tall Construction’s seismic reaction using the Staad Pro programme.

Seismic Parametric Analysis of RC Multi-Storied Buildings with and Without Fluid Viscous Dampers

Earthquakes are enormous natural disasters that increase the energy within the structural system, causing catastrophic destruction. Various control systems, such as passive, active, hybrid, and semi active control systems, can be used to dissipate this unwanted energy. The fluid viscous damper is one such dissipation device used in this study. The goal of this project is to use a fluid viscous damper to lessen the seismic response of the Symmetrical and unsymmetrical G+9 structure in ETABS2017. To obtain the seismic response with and without a fluid viscous damper, ETABS2017 was used to analyse symmetrical and unsymmetrical structures with and without a fluid viscous damper. The analysis takes into account nonlinear temporal history, which is derived using fast nonlinear analysis of Electro data. The position and function of dampers are discussed in this study. For seismic evaluation of buildings with and without fluid viscous dampers, the equivalent static approach and response spectrum method are utilised. The structure was examined utilizing ETABs 2017 programming, with seismic zone IV and medium soil (Type II) according to IS 1893-2016. The structure’s exhibition is assessed utilizing story removal, story shear, story float, and modular periods and frequencies. The objective of this study is to about the consequences of static and reaction range examination in both longitudinal and cross over bearings for damper development with and without damper structure.

Investigating Three-Dimensional RCC Frames under Seismic Loading with Various Soil Conditions

Equivalent lateral forces are used in earthquake engineering to build structures that can survive seismic shocks. Considering seismic waves affect how the Earth moves, buildings in India’s seismically active areas must be built to withstand earthquakes. This study examines how multistorey reinforced concrete building frames function seismically while taking into account different soil types, loading scenarios, and seismic Zones IV. For a twelve-storey skyscraper, the analysis includes earthquake reaction storey displacement. This study looks into how soil changes in seismic zone IV affect buildings’ responses, as well as how seismic zones themselves affect them. The building’s natural time periods were evaluated using both response spectrum analysis and time history analysis methods. These results provide insightful information about the complex interaction between soil type and seismic zone, Member stresses and maximum displacement are calculated using static and dynamic analysis. In India’s seismically active region, the necessity for earthquake-resistant structures is highlighted by seismic waves that alter the motion of the earth. Response spectrum analysis combines modal responses via techniques including SRSS, CQC, and ABS, taking into account a variety of response modes. This study compares earthquake loads using various soil types in Zone IV to evaluate building performance during earthquakes. This project’s primary goal is to analyse a multistorey building’s seismic response. Staad Pro Software does load calculations in order to analyse the entire structure. Staad-Pro analysis employs the Limit State create approach, which complies with the Indian Standard Code of Practice.

Survivability of multi-storey building frame with prestressed elements

Survivability of multi-storey building frame with prestressed elements

ПОВЫШЕНИЕ НАДЕЖНОСТИ ЖЕЛЕЗОБЕТОННЫХ КАРКАСОВ МНОГОЭТАЖНЫХ ЗДАНИЙ

The aim of the numerical research was to develop a method to improve the reliability of multistorey buildings with monolithic reinforced concrete frames. The method was based on the analysis of the total area of possible slab destruction due to emergencies and failure of individual building elements located in different places in the plan and in height. To analyze the reliability of spatial reinforced concrete frames according to the principle of single failure of a separate load-bearing structure, we introduced the concept of failure area coefficient. It allowed us to estimate the failure effect of a load-bearing key element of the building on the total failure area of the building slabs. In spatial frame structures of multistorey buildings with reinforced concrete frame, the key elements of the structural system are columns, pylons, collars, beams and other elements that ensure the overall stability of the building. Increasing the overall reliability of the frame building suggest the introducing an additional reliability coefficient of survivability depending on the failure area factor. In addition, we proposed an algorithm for analyzing and rejection of unsuccessful structural systems of monolithic reinforced concrete frame buildings based on the evaluation of excessively high ratios of building failure area. We analyzed the structural systems on the example of two constructed multistorey residential and public buildings with monolithic reinforced concrete frames.

Seismic behavior of base-isolated building structures with lead rubber bearings (LRBs)

This study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of multi-storey buildings in mitigating seismic responses, particularly through the implementation of a base isolation system. Our focus centers on two reinforced concrete structures, one eight stories high and the other ten stories high, both outfitted with a base isolation system featuring lead rubber isolators to proactively minimize seismic risks. The primary objective of introducing a base isolation system is to curtail the potentially destructive impact of earthquakes on a building by attenuating the transmission of seismic forces from the superstructure to the foundations. This seismic protection technique involves strategically installing isolators between the building's superstructure and its foundations. The integration of lead rubber bearing (LRB) isolators into the building's base constitutes a pivotal approach to significantly augmenting the seismic performance of a structure. This method boasts several advantages, chief among them being a notable reduction in floor drift, a critical factor for ensuring the safety and stability of a structure amidst seismic activity. The outcomes of our study underscore the remarkable effectiveness of base isolation in substantially decreasing the overall seismic responses of buildings in the studied region. The observed reductions range from 50% to 70%, affirming the robustness and resilience that this innovative approach imparts to buildings in earthquake-prone areas.

Influence of Soil-free Production Systems on Architectural Solutions of the Multi-storey Buildings

Influence of Soil-free Production Systems on Architectural Solutions of the Multi-storey Buildings

Қоршау құрылымдарындағы жылу өткізгіш қосындылары

In order to reduce the heat loss of a building and meet the requirements of regulations, multi-storey building envelopes have been widely used in construction in recent years, including the placement of a thermal insulation layer inside the structure. Under the influence of economic considerations, one of the main types of building floors was a masonry cellular concrete block faced with brick with effective insulation between floors. Considering the modernization of existing types of building envelopes and the appearance of a large number of new structures, the question arose about the correct determination of the thermal properties (mainly thermal protection) of such structures. Temperatures are evenly distributed because the heat dissipated over the surface of the structure helps to balance their values when looking at the room. However, the length of the temperature field distortion region increases (due to the presence of interference). On the contrary, the temperature decrease (which extends over a short length of the enclosure) becomes more prominent and noticeable due to inclusions and inclusions located on the warm surface of the structure. Such peculiarities of temperature distribution in the zone of heat conducting inclusions of different types are confirmed by the experience of operation of buildings with corresponding design solutions for panel walls. If the walls at the joints of panels are covered with a thermally conductive protective and finishing layer on the warm side, the temperature distribution over the inner surface of the wall will be uniform; if there is not enough thermal conductive inclusions and inclusions located on the warm surface of the wall, the temperature distribution will be uniform.

Examination of Wind Impacts on RCC Frame Structures in Different Wind Zones

Reinforced refers to a structurally sound assemblage of carefully joined slabs, beams, columns, and foundation components. Through the use of this complex network, loads are systematically transferred from slabs to beams, then to columns, converge at the foundation, and finally travel to the soil beneath. This structural analysis offers a thorough investigation of load-carrying dynamics by examining multiple scenarios for the same structure while accounting for varying wind speeds. A G+9 storey building is subjected to a comparative evaluation in three different wind zones (I, II, and III) with corresponding wind speeds of 33 m/s, 39 m/s, and 44 m/s. The structural behaviour is carefully modelled and examined under the impact of dead load, live load, and wind load using sophisticated STAAD Pro software. This thorough analysis clarifies the structure’s unique reactions to different wind speeds. In order to determine the design loads of a multistorey building, this paper gives a comparative assessment of wind load. Then, using the fundamental wind speed and other local characteristics, the wind load in that zone may also be calculated. The wind speed is time-dependent and random, though. The current study uses the IS 875 code to analyse wind loads in different zones of a multistorey building. The design wind speed of that zone, with a variance, is used to estimate the wind loads.

Comparative Study Probabilistic Seismic Risk Assessment for Regular and Irregular RCC Buildings

In the study numerous buildings exhibit irregularities of their architectural plans, a feature that could render them susceptible to excessive seismic activities in the future. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the seismic vulnerability and response of regular and irregular shaped multi-storey building of identical weight in context. Both static and dynamic (response spectrum) analysis has been done to observe the influence of shape of a building on its responses to various loading. G+12 storied regular (rectangular) and irregular shaped buildings have been modeled using program staad pro for seismic zone III. Impact of wind and static load on exclusive formed shape along with dynamic response spectrum has been meticulously analyzed considering the mass of each shaped is identical. A comparative analysis of the center of mass and maximum displacement overstorey of variously shaped buildings under static loading and dynamic response spectrum has been conducted. All form buildings react nearly in sync if the total mass fluctuates only little. But as the end result indicates, a structure's irregular dimensions are what expose it to its vulnerable direction. It is possible to build an irregularly shaped structure that might act more like a rectangular building while keeping the total mass the same.

Efektivitas Metode Pekerjaan Pelat Lantai Bondek, Half Precast dan Konvensional Gedung Asrama Putra Al-Azhar

The floor plate is one of the important components in a multi-story building. Conventional methods are still widely used for building floor slabs. This method requires a lot of labor and time, which can reduce productivity. Other methods, such as bondek and half precast in floor slab work, are expected to increase work effectiveness and efficiency. This study aims to determine which method is most effective in floor slab work by reviewing cost, time, and work productivity. Floor plate planning consists of calculating each method's structural strength and volume of work, including formwork, reinforcement, concrete, and formwork dismantling. Cost analysis is carried out by collecting data on material prices and labor wages for the building's Draft Budget (RAB). Estimated work time involves formwork preparation, installation of reinforcement, and concrete casting for the three work methods. Based on the results of the calculation analysis on the floor slab work of the Al-Azhar Boys Dormitory Building with an area of the floor plate of 375,318 m2. Conventional floor slab work is more economical than bondek slab work by around 31.23%, but requires the longest work time. Meanwhile bondek floor slabs offer the fastest processing time, even though the cost is higher than conventional slabs, around 31.19% and 5.18% lower than half precast slabs. This can be a recommendation in choosing a floor slab work method.

Columns Cross-Section Shape Effect on Punching Shear in Reinforced Concrete Flat Slabs

Punching shear is one of the possible failures that must be taken into consideration in designing concrete slabs and foundations. Several factors control the occurrence of this failure mechanism, such as slab thickness, concentrated loads, and the cross-section area of the supporting columns. The cross-section shape of columns may also affect the punching shear in flat slabs. Therefore, this research was specified to study the effect of the columns' cross-section shape on the punching shear in flat slabs by conducting a simulation analysis for two multi-story concrete buildings with a flat slab but with different structural stability systems, building layout, and column distribution, where five cross-section shapes (square, rectangular, circular, hexagonal, and octagonal) were tested. ETABS 2016 software was adopted for modeling and analysis to identify the optimum column shape leading to minimizing punching shear. Although the cross-section area and the reinforcement area of the columns were fixed while changing the models’ column shapes, it was found, in both buildings, that hexagonal columns performed better than others under punching shear and provided the lowest punching shear ratio. In contrast, circular columns gave the lowest resistance. Octagonal, square, and rectangular columns, respectively, follow the hexagonal columns in resisting punching shear.

Unclaiming the natural waterfront landscape: Thessaloniki’s manmade east waterfront

This article focuses on the transition of the natural landscape of Thessaloniki’s east waterfront to the artificial urban landscape that draws a straight line between water and land, while noting the developing rigid homogeneous multistorey buildings as a background image of the city in contrast to the former porosity and architectural variety of the late 19th-early 20th century mansions. The transition is captured either as a commentary on the new landscape or as a memoir of a lost era by cinematographers, such as Takis Kanellopoulos in his film “Parenthesis” (1968) and Theo Angelopoulos in his film “Eternity and a Day” (1998) and photographers of the 1960’s such as Socratis Iordanidis and Yiannis Stylianou. Cover image: Theo Angelopoulos, Populated manmade waterfront, Film still, Eternity and a Day, Thessaloniki, 1998

Cost Analysis and Working Methods for Balcony Railings in Multi-Storey Buildings

This article discusses cost analysis and methods for working on balcony railings in multi-storey buildings. Balcony railings are an important element in the design and safety of high-rise buildings, as they protect occupants from falls and provide an attractive aesthetic appearance. Therefore, it is important to ensure that the installation of balcony railings complies with applicable planning standards. By exploring information about material costs, work costs, construction efficiency, and other factors that influence the choice of railing form, this research will provide construction professionals with more informed guidance in decision making. In addition, this analysis will also open a window to better understand how the choice of railing shape can affect the project timeframe and the final result of the building.

Enerji Verimli Aydınlatma Tasarımı: Farklı Pencere Boyutlarında Optimum Gün Işığı Kullanımı Üzerine Bir Araştırma

In recent years, with the frequently discussed concept of sustainability, designers have been increasingly demanded to improve spatial comfort conditions. The growing emphasis on energy efficiency in design has led designers to consider these issues at earlier stages of the design process. Daylight, seen as a clean, uninterrupted energy source and a cost-effective alternative to artificial lighting, also ensures visual comfort for individuals due to its good color rendering. Despite all these well-known benefits, design criteria have not been established to reduce the energy consumption rate caused by artificial lighting while taking into account the factors affecting daylight, an important input. This study presents an investigation aimed at achieving energy savings in lighting by using the ideal window concept and other parameters to optimally benefit from daylight. The study has been applied under cloudy sky and deep room conditions, which represent the worst-case scenarios. As an alternative to time-consuming mathematical calculations, the Velux Daylight Visualizer lighting simulation program was used to create three-dimensional designs for horizontal, vertical, square, and roof windows separately, and the effects of these windows on the daylight factor were analyzed. The impact of different furniture colors in the interior space was also examined. Following the investigations, it was observed that roof windows produced more daylight compared to others. However, since roof windows cannot be used in multi-story buildings, a comparison was made between horizontal, vertical, and square windows, and it was concluded that horizontal windows placed close to the upper wall were more efficient than the others. In addition, it was observed that lighter-colored furniture, among the light and dark furniture, produced more daylight compared to the other.

TRENDS AND PROSPECTS OF MODERNISATION OF MULTI-STORY RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS ON THE BASIS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

According to the results of generalisation; quantitative, qualitative and comparative analysis of the reconstruction of residential buildings, trends and prospects for the reconstruction and modernisation of multi-story residential buildings are determined, considering the principles of sustainable development. The problems, trends and prospects of the reconstruction of multi-story buildings were determined, which made it possible to find optimal ways of modernising residential buildings, considering controversial issues, opportunities and goals of sustainable development. The controversial issue is to find a balance between real opportunities, current and planned projects and ways of implementation, considering economic opportunities, legislation and controversial issues between Condominium and co-owners of multi-apartment buildings. The problems are highlighted and ways to solve the improvement of projects for the modernisation of multi-story buildings are found. Possibilities and options for cost-effective modernisation of multi-story buildings are taken into account. The interests of all stakeholders were taken into account and ways to overcome misunderstandings were found. When all issues are resolved, not only the interests of the project executor, the Condominium, co-owners of multi-apartment building, organisations and funds which financing the project, as well as the capabilities of the state and current legislative and regulatory acts regulating the financing and implementation of the project of modernisation of multi-story buildings are taken into account. Much attention is allocated to the goals of sustainable development of cities and communities. After all, when modernising multi-story buildings, it is necessary to focus not only on the needs of the present, but also to considering the needs of future generations and focus on effective, economically profitable prospects of the present and the distant future, taking into account the need for a healthy environment. Thanks to the amendments to the legislation, it became possible to improve the energy efficiency of buildings and reach a higher quality level in the modernisation of multi-story buildings.

Bearing capacity of a steel frame of a multi-storey modular building with consideration of the rigidity of quick-assembled connections

The article is devoted to the analysis of calculation and design problems and features that arise when designing multi-storey modular buildings with a steel frame. The article describes the main features of the classification and trends in the construction of volumetric block buildings in Russia and the world.
 The object of the study is quick-assembly connections of compressed-bent load-bearing elements of frame modular systems.
 The main purpose of the study is to obtain reliable analytical and theoretical data to determine the characteristics of the rotational stiffness of module connection nodes and assess its influence on the stress-strain state of the frame and its elements.
 Within the work, the concept of an experimental modular building was developed using I-beam columns as part of the frame, as well as inter-module joints for their connection. Flange connections with high-strength bolts without controlled tightening are considered as the main design solution for the inter-module connections. The designed connections include inspection windows to access the hardware.
 A numerical study was performed to evaluate the bearing capacity and stiffness of the connections. The influence of the stiffness on the behavior of the frame in relation to two groups of limit states was assessed using the finite element method.
 The paper substantiates the relevance of using I-beam profiles as columns of the frame of a modular building, which is not a common solution in modern practice.
 The developed concept of quick-assembly inter-module flange connections makes it possible to ensure the safety of the building while reducing the time and labor costs for its installation.

МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ЗВЕДЕННЯ ЖИТЛОВОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ «АВІНЬЙОН»

This article is dedicated to modeling performance indicators of the comprehensive process of constructing a multi-story building while varying influencing factors, taking into account existing constraints, and utilizing modern software complexes. During the modeling process, the following solution for wall construction was employed as a component of the comprehensive building process: the installation of lightweight steel thin-walled structures (LSTW) with non-removable formwork cladding and filling with polystyrene concrete. Previous research has established that this construction and technological solution is the most effective among the compared alternatives. Building upon prior investigations, experimental-statistical modeling of the «construction duration», «construction cost», «average intensity of funding», and «maximum intensity of funding» indicators was performed, varying factors such as the «overlap coefficient of processes» and «number of working hours per week». Modeling was conducted using the COMPEX software complex. The values of efficiency indicators were obtained according to selected experimental plans by constructing economic (budgetary calculations) and organizational-technological (work performance schedules) models using the AVK 5 and Microsoft Project software complexes, respectively. During the experimental-statistical modeling, extremes of efficiency indicators and corresponding values of factor combinations influencing them were determined. The nature and degree of the factors' impact on the investigated efficiency indicators were identified. The «construction cost» indicator was subjected to an existing constraint in the form of using credit funds. The calculation of the impact of imposing this existing constraint was performed in the Microsoft Excel software complex. While varying the factorial space, diagrams of changes in the budgetary cost of building construction and the amount of funds needed to secure the loan were constructed. Combining these diagrams resulted in values for the «construction cost with consideration of credit funds». It was determined that the use of credit funds at a level of 90% significantly increases the cost of building construction. On average, this increase amounted to 183,8 million UAH. Graphical dependencies were constructed using the CorelDraw X6 software complex.

Behavior of FRP-Retrofitted Wall-like RC Columns after Preloading to Simulate In-Service Conditions

In the Middle East, wall-like reinforced concrete (RC) columns are a common choice in multistory buildings. Sometimes, these columns need axial retrofitting for increased load capacity. In practice, unstrengthened columns bear their load, and if retrofitting is necessary, the load is released before the upgrade—unlike in past research studies that overlooked this real-world scenario. This study aimed to investigate the response of preloaded wall-like RC columns after being retrofitted using different configurations. In the experimental campaign, two half-scale columns were cast and axially loaded to 80% of their capacity, and the load was then totally released. After that, these specimens were strengthened with two different schemes, and hence, they were concentrically loaded until failure. In both schemes, the section shape was not modified. The first scheme comprised wrapping carbon FRP (fiber-reinforced polymer) sheets together with near-surface mounted (NSM) steel rebars. However, the second technique was composed of wrapping glass FRP (GFRP) sheets together with NSM steel rebars and bolted steel plates. The second scheme was found to be superior to the first one due to the extra confinement provided by the bolted steel plates. This scheme improved the peak load, stiffness, and dissipated energy by 115%, 75%, and 524%, respectively. Other than the testing campaign, nonlinear numerical modeling was undertaken to examine the behavior of tested specimens. The models were utilized to conduct a parametric study, exploring the influence of the percentage of preloading and the amount of load release on the response of columns strengthened with the second scheme.

Experimental study on eccentric compressive behavior of precast concrete double-faced superposed shear walls

With the growing application of prefabricated building structural systems, precast concrete double-faced superposed shear wall (PCDSSW) structures have gained increasing popularity in multi-story and high-rise buildings. However, limited research on the eccentric compressive performance of PCDSSWs could lead to severe consequences. To address this issue, this study conducted eccentric load tests on seven full-scale PCDSSW specimens with steel truss connectors and one full-scale cast-in-place reference specimen. The influence of various design parameters, including truss web diameter, trusses layout, connection locations and methods between steel trusses and distribution reinforcement on the eccentric compressive performance of PCDSSWs was analyzed and discussed. The results revealed that both cast-in-place and PCDSSW specimens exhibited similar failure modes characterized by large eccentric compression failure. PCDSSW specimens showed no noticeable laminated interface separation and can achieve the design objective of "comparable performance to cast-in-place". Moreover, the diameter of truss web reinforcement and the layout of steel trusses had minimal impact on the eccentric compression performance of PCDSSW. While employing welded connections could boost the load-bearing capacity and cracking stiffness of PCDSSW, it also led to a marginally faster stiffness degradation rate and reduced deformation capacity. Additionally, the existing design standards yield conservative predictions for the load-bearing capacity of PCDSSWs. Furthermore, the model proposed by GB 50010–2010 is advocated due to its reliability and accuracy.