Multi-ethnic Region Research Articles

Creating (in) the Arctic: Investigating collaboration and location through a case study of the Arctic noir serial Thin Ice

The Swedish/Icelandic coproduced serial Tunn is [ Thin Ice] (2020) offers an insight into current possibilities and challenges of production in the Nordic Arctic region and the involvement of the developing Greenlandic screen industry. By analysing both off- and on-screen elements through a broad screen industry and location-driven approach, the explorative case study illustrates both a region and a screen industry in development as well as changing production practices. Furthermore, the article highlights the perceived value of location and cultural specificity in high-end TV drama from the multi-ethnic and multi-lingual Arctic region.

Религиозная идентичность жителей полиэтничного российского региона на современном этапе: тенденции развития (на материалах Республики Башкортостан)

The main trends and stages of the development of religiosity in one of the most multiethnic Russian regions — the Republic of Bashkortostan in the late Soviet and post-Soviet period of modern history are analyzed. The article examines ethnic and confessional components of the religiosity of the peoples living in the republic in a comparative sense. The main conclusions are drawn on the results of repeated and synchronous analysis of state statistics materials, as well as the results of several large–scale and expert surveys conducted under the guidance and with the direct participation of the authors. The features and directions of religious identity are considered from the point of view of the formation of the modern "confessional renaissance" and the identification foundations of interfaith relations.

Межнациональные отношения в современной России: взгляд студенческой молодежи Башкортостана

The subject of the article is the analysis of the views and views of students in the multi-ethnic region of Russia, which is the Republic of Bashkortostan, on modern socio-political processes and interethnic relations in the country, identifying the features and factors influencing them. The work is based on data from an ethno-sociological survey conducted at the end of 2021 with the direct participation of the authors of this article. The object of the study is the modern student youth of Bashkortostan. The purpose of the article is to study the views of modern student youth on socio-political processes and interethnic relations, as well as to identify common and specific factors influencing them. In the article, based on specific data of a mass survey using methods adopted in political and sociological sciences, the state of the views and views of student youth is shown, the factors on which their behavior depends to one degree or another are determined. In general, our study showed that today student youth are concerned about approximately the same problems as the entire Russian society and state. Most of all, this concerned problems associated with financial situation, weak social insecurity, financial difficulties that youth face in everyday life, and the safety of citizens.

Урбанизация как фактор этноязыкового поведения нерусских народов в многонациональных регионах России (на примере Республики Башкортостан)

The features of the ethno-linguistic behavior of non-Russian peoples in one of the most multi-ethnic regions of Russia — the Republic of Bashkortostan — are analyzed in a diachronic sense (throughout the 20th century). Urbanization is considered as one of the most important factors in this process. The specificity of the ethno-linguistic behavior of non-Russian peoples is revealed in relation to various language groups, including Turkic and Finno-Ugric.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ ЯЗЫКА И ГЕОПОЛИТИКИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ АНАЛИЗА ЯЗЫКОВОЙ СИТУЦИИ В ПЕРИФЕРИЙНЫХ И АНКЛАВНЫХ РЕГИОНАХ)

Objective of the study. This paper is aimed at revealing the issues in the area of language policy from geopolitical perspective. The methodological basis of the research. To achieve the objective formulated the following set of geopolitical methods are used in the study such as geosituational analysis, sociologigal approach, comparative analysis/ Research results. The article discusses specific cases of the potential of geopolitical analysis in the study of sociolinguistic issues. The authors' research is focused on the following relevant regions: Adygea (as a textbook example of an enclave linguistic and cultural community) and Wales and Scotland (as geographically and historically peripheral regions of Great Britain). The main conclusion reached by the authors of the article suggests that in a multiethnic and multilingual region (which include the peripheral and enclave ones studied by the authors), those languages with respect to which language policy and planning are carried out are more likely to to survive.     Prospects of the study. The issue for further research is likely to be the consideration of potential consequences of a language policy implementation in peripheral or enclave multiethnic regions.

Local anxieties and world peace: Osias Parnes' late Habsburg career in international peace1

AbstractThis article examines the career of Osias Parnes, a little‐known figure in the Austrian peace movement and argues that, although his plans for world peace were ultimately inconsequential, his ideas are reflective of the way in which international visions actually encapsulated local preoccupations. Born into a wealthy Jewish family in the multiethnic and multiconfessional region of Galicia in the middle of the 19th century, Parnes would devote the latter half of his life to propagating an idea for an armed arbitral tribunal and a system of kindergartens to teach children a world language. Throughout his peace career, it is his concern at the nationalist disintegration of his homeland which dominates his ostensibly international visions.

La salud intercultural en la Amazonia peruana. Problemas y perspectivas en tiempos de pandemia

The notion of intercultural health refers to the culturally derived practices and their place in the contemporary health system, as well as to the political strategy concerning basic healthcare in multiethnic regions. This paper addresses the differences between the related perspectives of the indigenous and non-indigenous health professionals in the Peruvian Amazon. It places the problem within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the initiative Comando Mático of the group Shipibo-Conibo. The study is based on online research. It involves the critical analysis of the indigenous discourse shared on social media. The results serve to uncover the underlying thinking patterns, which impede the effective implementation of intercultural health policy in Peru.

Lajos Takács: A Hungarian Lawyer's Life in 20th-Century Transylvania

Lajos Takács was born in Transylvania, a multi-ethnic region, at the time (before 1918/20) part of Kingdom of Hungary and later part of Romania. He finished his studies in law in what was by that time Romania, given that the university centre of Transylvania, Cluj, had become part of Romania. He was a young lawyer of good ability, gifted with political and social sensitivity. After 1945, he found himself in the service of the emerging dictatorship because he certainly believed that the time had come for a solution to the question of nationalities, for reconciliation, equality, cooperation, and friendship between Romanians and Hungarians. In this capacity, however, he contributed to the dismantling of Hungarian institutions and organizations, most notably – as rector – to the forced merger of Bolyai University into Victor Babeş University. Instead of reconciliation, the system was characterized by the oppression of minorities. Takács, in his old age, realizing his mistakes, became an opponent of the regime and of Ceauşescu. In the 1980s, during the darkest period of the dictatorship, he died without the hope that some of his former dreams would come true.

Ethno-cultural education in a multiethnic region (on the example of Samara Region)

The paper is devoted to the problems of regional ethno-cultural education. The ethnopolitical, multicultural situation on the territory of Samara and the Samara Region largely coincides with the general socio-economic trends taking place in Russia, which gives reason to consider the region as a region where important ethnopolitical processes are taking place. The educational environment is becoming more polyethnic and requires attention to the issues of ethno-cultural and multicultural education of students. Based on the conducted field research, the paper actualizes the issue of interaction between school and family in the processes of ethnic inculturation and all-Russian socialization of the childs personality. The ethno-cultural socialization of the child takes place in the family, and it is important for the teacher to provide professional support to parents in integrating students into the culture of their community, in forming a positive identity in combination with the all-Russian identity, a sense of personal responsibility for preserving the cultural and historical memory of their people. Ethnic tolerance is high in those schools where the process of ethno-cultural education is carried out within the framework of a well-thought-out multi-stage system of interaction with the parent community. The anthropological approach, therefore, studies the meeting of education with traditional culture and actualizes the issues of ethnoculturality-multiculturality of the modern educational process.

Inclusive Leadership, Workplace Spirituality, and Job Performance in the Public Sector: A Multi-Level Double-Moderated Mediation Model of Leader-Member Exchange and Perceived Dissimilarity

Although inclusive leadership as an essential leadership style for a diverse workforce has attracted increasing attention in business management research, little is known about how and when it may improve subordinates’ job performance in the public sector where civil servants are expected to have high levels of workplace spirituality. Therefore, this study theorizes a multi-level double-moderated model where inclusive leadership impacts civil servants’ job performance with workplace spirituality as a mediator and leader-member exchange (LMX) and perceived dissimilarity as moderators based on the conservation of resources theory. A sample of 392 civil servants nested within 72 local functional government departments in China’s western multi-ethnic regions through a three-wave survey was used to examine our proposed model by multi-level structural equation modeling analysis. The results demonstrate that the positive relationship between inclusive leadership and civil servants’ job performance is transmitted through the workplace spirituality. LMX and perceived dissimilarity serve as two moderators of the above mediated positive relationship. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and future research directions are also discussed.

Spectrum of Humanitarian Help to migrants of War from Multi-ethnic vs. Mono-ethnic Regions (Note)

After armed conflict due to invasion of Russian Fed forces to Ukraine, humanitarian help from neighboring countries emerged, mainly Poland, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungary,Romania, Moldova, etc. The aim of this short research note is to compare the type of humanitarian assistance from a multiethnic area of Rimavska Sobota (multi-ethnic area with about one fifth of Hungarian; a third of Roma population; a district of highest unemployment; to the Bratislava area with lowest unemployment with Slovak nationals in majority.

МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ АНАЛИЗА ТРАЕКТОРИЙ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ КОНСОЛИДАЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПОЛИЭТНИЧЕСКИХ РЕГИОНОВ ЮГА РОССИИ

The purpose of the study is the development of a methodological construct of interdisciplinary scientific research aimed at assessing the systemic advantages and disadvantages of existing social development trajectories of multi-ethnic regions of the South of Russia, as well as the formation of optimal models of social consolidation of the development of these regions in the future. Methodological basis of the research is subject-activity research method that allows to verify its theoretical construct based on the analysis of social practices of various population groups within the framework of regional society. When constructing a structural-activity model for studying the role, place, ways and mechanisms of social consolidation in the conditions of multiethnic regions, constructivism is used, which involves both the study of objective connections between different positions, interests of people involved in social structures, and taking into account certain ideas of individuals obtained in the process of socialization and subsequent social practices. Research results. It is proposed to consider the role and place of regional communities in society, taking into account both the system of subject-practical relations and the system of value-normative relations characteristic of this society. It is proved that it is methodologically justified to take into account the dynamics of the movement of society from socio-class uniformity to the diversity of the social space that is not yet structured and rather amorphous. However, only in this way it is possible to predict with a sufficient degree of probability the directions of society’s consolidation through the optimization of its process in the regions, given that their consolidation potential is multidimensional in a number of primary characteristics: demographic, settlement, forms of employment, belonging to various ethnic groups and confessions. Prospects for the study. The use of situational factor and configuration modeling of social consolidation trajectories in the conditions of multiethnic regions of the South of Russia will make it possible to develop effective social projects and technologies both in the South of Russia as a whole and at the level of its individual regions, as a necessary condition for society’s consolidation and ensuring its security.

Nationalizing the multi-ethnic borderlands: state surveillance and security policies in interwar Turkey and Romania

ABSTRACT This article aims to elucidate Turkey and Romania’s state policies in their multi-ethnic frontier regions, namely Eastern Anatolia and Transylvania, and their security-oriented strategies towards those, regarded as a threat to national unity and territorial integrity during the interwar period. Two post-imperial nation-states, Turkey and Romania followed similar policies towards national consolidation, as both aimed at constructing and then consolidating centralized and homogenized nation-states in the 1920s. In this process, the Kurds in Eastern Anatolia and the Hungarians in Transylvania were seen as the primary security risks to the state, because of their demographic concentration, linguistic unity, and dense population in a particular territory, as well as capacity to resist the emerging central authority. Drawing mostly on primary sources, this research demonstrates that the level of conflict in multi-ethnic regions was overwhelmingly affected by the extent of state-imposed security and surveillance policies within the nationalizing framework of interwar Turkey and Romania.

Xinjiang s Experience of National Unity and Revitalize Border Areas and Enrich Residents Lives

As an important supporting project for the development of western region, the action of prospering the border and enriching the people was officially launched in 1998. Up to now, it has gone through a history of 24 years. The action of prospering the border areas and enriching the people has made China s border areas get rid of poverty and backwardness gradually. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, located in western China, has been a multi-ethnic region since ancient times. It is not only connected with China s inland provinces, but also an important land route connecting Central Asia, the Middle East and South Asia. The development of Xinjiang is not only related to the smooth development of China s western region, but also related to the continuous advancement of China s national unity, border prosperity and people s prosperity, and the smooth progress of China s Belt and Road Initiative. This paper analyzes the experience of ethnic unity since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, and on this basis, discusses how to promote ethnic unity in Xinjiang and further promote the smooth progress of the Belt and Road Initiative s construction by prospering the border areas and enriching the people.

«Безбожное лихолетье»: к вопросу об антицерковной политике советского государства (1917–1920-е годы) (сценарий Дагестана)

The articleshows the relationship between thestate and the Orthodox Church during the 1917 revolution and thecivil war. The reasons for the transformation of politics in relation to the most influential confessional structure are analyzed. One of the vectors of policy towards the Orthodox Church was a large-scale and uncompromising struggle within the framework of atheistic propaganda and agitation. The geographical area chosen is the national subject of the Russian state, Dagestan as a multi-ethnic and multi-confessional region. The author points out that the authorities do not have aclear line on the religious issue. Based on the analysis ofspecific factual examples, it isconcluded that the postponement of the implementation of some decrees of the Council of People’s Commissars on religious issues of the period 1917–1919 contributed to the peculiarities of the establishment of Soviet power in regions where the Muslim population predominated. This situation was also associated with a difficult situation related to the Vladikavkaz Diocese. The article uses a wide range of unpublished archival documents extracted from both central and regional archives.

Are ‘BIPOC solutions’ or ‘white opinions’ represented in Oldways Diet Pyramids?

I would like to thank the authors for presenting some evidence of the ways in which Oldways and the USDA have worked to incorporate cultural foods and dietary patterns into their educational materials and recommendations. I agree with the author’s primary assertion: there is a great need for cultural models of healthy eating. However, the Oldways resources cited and USDA statements included in the author’s response fail to demonstrate the ways in which those “give voice” to non-white cultures. Instead, these resources perpetuate the normativity of whiteness in two very important ways: they are performative and they reduce multi-ethnic regions to single dietary patterns, which subjugates and ignores the important historical context that gives meaning to food and food culture.

The relationship between closed-mindedness and militant extremism in a post-conflict society.

This study aimed to examine the role of socio-political attitudes and motivational tendencies supposed to mark closed-mindedness, as well as other relevant variables of individual differences (Disintegration, i.e., proneness to psychotic-like experiences/behaviors and Death Anxiety), in the Militant Extremist Mindset (MEM). A community sample of 600 young respondents (Serbs, Bosniaks, and Albanians, aged 18-30) was recruited within a multiethnic region of Serbia that experienced armed conflict during the break-up of the former Yugoslavia. The best-fitted SEM model, incorporating measurement and structural relationships between the variables, showed that the latent factor of Closed-mindedness predicted all three aspects of MEM as well as Neighborhood Grudge, that is, resentment toward neighboring ethnicities. The effects of Disintegration and Death Anxiety on MEM were entirely mediated by Closed-mindedness. Compared to previous findings, Closed-mindedness appears to represent the most important set of cognitive and motivational tendencies that channel protracted intergroup tensions into militant extremism.

The Budjak – History of a multicultural and multiethnic border region in Ukraine

The Budjak – History of a multicultural and multiethnic border region in Ukraine

Некоторые замечания об исследованиях еврейской антропонимии северо-восточной Польши в исторический период

The purpose of this study is to draw attention to the need to supplement the existing research on the anthroponymy of the Jewish community in Bialystok in the first part of the 19th century. A sociological and linguistic analysis of these anthroponyms should be made. It is possible because we can use new sources – names and lists of inhabitants of Bialystok in the years 1799–1853 (compiled and published by W. Wróbel, W. Szwed). These sources contain a great wealth of Jewish anthroponyms. The oldest nineteenth-century sources show the process of the formation of surnames of Bialystok Jews. Surnames were imposed on Jews by the authorities of the Russian Empire. The lexical base of Białystok Jews’ surnames were Slavic languages, mainly Polish and Russian, German, Yiddish, and Hebrew. The patterns of the countries of the settlement were used to form surnames (Polish, Russian, German). What distinguishes Jewish anthroponymy in the research area are the artificial surnames. Because of women’s social rank, female surnames enclosed in the registers are not very common. The results obtained so far by onomast researchers involved in the historical anthroponymy of Podlasie, including Jewish anthroponymy, formed under the influence of the Slavic languages, are a serious contribution to the development of Slavic onomastics, are of great value to researchers of the history and culture of this multi-ethnic and multiconfessional border region.

The politics of recognition in multi-ethnic regions of Ethiopia and its implication to land rights of 'non-titular' nationalities: evidences from Benishangul-Gumuz regional state

The politics of recognition in multi-ethnic regions of Ethiopia and its implication to land rights of 'non-titular' nationalities: evidences from Benishangul-Gumuz regional state