Mucous Carcinoma Research Articles

Oral Sub Mucous Carcinoma in an Adult Patient Case Report and a Literature Review

Oral Sub Mucous Carcinoma in an Adult Patient Case Report and a Literature Review

Overview of Mucinous Cancers at City Hospital Birmingham

Mucinous Cancer also known as colloid cancer is a rare, special subtype of invasive breast cancer generally associated with a favourable prognosis. Historical names varied around gelatinous carcinoma, mucous carcinoma, and mucoid carcinoma. Most studies show that fewer than 5% of all invasive breast cancers have a mucinous component and only approximately 2% represent pure mucinous carcinoma. It carries an excellent prognosis with 10-year survival in excess of 80%. It is a disease of elderly patients, over 60 years of age, and usually occurs in postmenopausal women.

Demographic Profile and Clinicopathological Patterns of Colorectal Cancer in Subhimalayan North India

Background: Despite colorectal carcinoma being one of the common cancers with an increasing incidence over the past few decades, there are only a few studies that have assessed its demographic, clinical, and pathological profile in the north Indian population. Objective: To assess the demographic and clinicopathological patterns of colorectal cancer (CRC) among patients in the subhimalayan region of North IndiaMaterials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study analyzed the data of 244 patients with CRC who were referred to a state-owned medical college in Himachal Pradesh, India, between January 2016 and April 2020. Demographic, clinical, and pathological information was extracted from patient record files. Results: The mean age of patients in the study was 51.2 years, with an age range from 19 to 81 years. Approximately 48% of the patients were aged between 40 and 60 years, 15% were younger than 40 years, 56% of the patients were male, and 44% of the patients were female. Rectal bleeding (~46%), change in bowel habits (~41%), and abdominal pain (39%) were the common clinical symptoms. Overall, 73% of the patients were diagnosed at a mean duration of five months after the onset of their symptoms, and approximately 36% of the patients were in stage II and 48% were in stage III at the time of diagnosis. Colon carcinoma accounted for 76% of the patients, 17% had rectal carcinoma, 5% had carcinoma of recto-sigmoid, and 2% of the patients were diagnosed with ano-rectal carcinoma. Histopathologically ~ 81% patients had adenocarinoma, 14% had mucous carcinoma, 3% had signet ring carcinoma, and 2% had NET. Conclusions: In the subhimalayan region in North India, CRC has a higher male gender predominance, with a substantial number of patients younger than 40 years. Most of the cases are diagnosed after a mean duration of five months of the symptoms. Colon carcinomas are more common than rectal carcinomas, with left-sided colon carcinomas being more common than right-sided colon carcinomas. The majority of tumors are adenocarcinomas, whereas mucinous carcinomas are less common and signet ring carcinomas are rare. A greater number of patients with right-sided colon carcinomas have a higher stage and a more aggressive tumor grade at the time of diagnosis. The study also shows that there is a need to be more vigilant for colorectal carcinoma in patients with lower GIT symptoms and it lays emphasis on a colorectal screening program in such patients, to enable early detection of this tumor.

Effects of Concentrated Growth Factor and Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis on the Prognosis of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland

Introduction: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a common salivary gland malignancy. As studies reported on large cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid glands are few, this paper aims to research the effects of clinical and pathological factors, such as applying concentrated growth factor (CGF) on repairing and cervical lymph node metastasis, on the prognosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland.
 Methods: The retrospective analysis of prognostic factors was conducted based on 176 cases with mucoepidermoidcarcinoma of the parotid gland, who received treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College during the period of March 2000 to March 2012.
 Results: The Five-year overall survival rate was 75.57%, while the Five-year tumor-free survival rate was 64.77%. Univariate analysis showed that the influential factors for the prognosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland included surgical approach, tumor size, clinical stage, pathological grade, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis, etc; among which pathological grade, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis were indicated by multivariate analysis to be the independent risk factors.
 Conclusion: The survival rate of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland is relatively high. Lymph node metastasis, pathological grade, and distant metastasis are the independent risk factors that affect the prognosis of patients with mucous epidermis carcinoma of the parotid gland.

Mucin producing carcinomas of the breast. Cytological diagnostics

The aimof the study is to estimate potentiality of the cytological diagnostics of different types of mucin producing carcinomas of the breast.Materials and methods. Cytological evidences of the investigation of 35 patients with mucinous mass in cytological specimens were studied. Different types of mucinous carcinomas which had been diagnosed by cytological method were identified retrospectively.Results. “Pure” mucous carcinomas were divided into two types: hypocellular (A) and hypercellular (B) (n = 9 (25.7 %) and 14 (40 %), respectively). Mixed carcinomas (mucous carcinoma with invasive no special type carcinoma) were noticed of 12 women (34.3 %). 24 cell characteristics of mucin producing carcinomas were identified. Some cytological characteristics were estimated due to multiple factor analysis and discriminant analysis.Conclusions. Investigation results indicated that cytological technique is a high-quality diagnostic method. The fraction of correct classification of mucous carcinoma types based on discriminant analysis was 92–99 %.The study protocol was approved by the biomedical ethics committee of The Altai State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia.

Conventional Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approach for Multi-Classification of Breast Cancer Histopathology Images-a Comparative Insight.

Automatic multi-classification of breast cancer histopathological images has remained one of the top-priority research areas in the field of biomedical informatics, due to the great clinical significance of multi-classification in providing diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer. In this work, two machine learning approaches are thoroughly explored and compared for the task of automatic magnification-dependent multi-classification on a balanced BreakHis dataset for the detection of breast cancer. The first approach is based on handcrafted features which are extracted using Hu moment, color histogram, and Haralick textures. The extracted features are then utilized to train the conventional classifiers, while the second approach is based on transfer learning where the pre-existing networks (VGG16, VGG19, and ResNet50) are utilized as feature extractor and as a baseline model. The results reveal that the use of pre-trained networks as feature extractor exhibited superior performance in contrast to baseline approach and handcrafted approach for all the magnifications. Moreover, it has been observed that the augmentation plays a pivotal role in further enhancing the classification accuracy. In this context, the VGG16 network with linear SVM provides the highest accuracy that is computed in two forms, (a) patch-based accuracies (93.97% for 40×, 92.92% for 100×, 91.23% for 200×, and 91.79% for 400×); (b) patient-based accuracies (93.25% for 40×, 91.87% for 100×, 91.5% for 200×, and 92.31% for 400×) for the classification of magnification-dependent histopathological images. Additionally, "Fibro-adenoma" (benign) and "Mucous Carcinoma" (malignant) classes have been found to be the most complex classes for the entire magnification factors.

Carcinoma de células escamosas de piel. Serie de casos

Introduction: Squamous skin cancer (SSC) is the second most frequent skin cancer, nevertheless reports about this issue are not published in Chile. Objetive: To investigate social, demographics, and clinic characteristics of SSC in semidesertic Coquimbo Region, Chile. Material and Methods: serie of patients diagnosed and treated in Coquimbo hospital between January 2006 and December 2015. Inclussion criteria: 1.- histopathological confirmation of SSC. Exclusion criteria: 1.- follow up lesser than 12 months; 2.- operated in another hospital; 3.- submitted to another treatment prior to surgery; 4.- skin metastasis of mucous squamous carcinoma; 5.- patients with distant metastasis. Independent variables: age, gender, tumor site, tumor size, clinical lymph nodes, shore or valley residency. Dependent variable: recurrency frecuence, factors of recurrency, letality. Statistical analysis: descriptive and analytical by SSPS program. Results: 2.202 skin cancer cases were registered, 1.487 basal cells carcinoma (67.5%), 181 melanoma (8.2%) and 534 squamous cells carcinoma (24.2%). 236 patients with complete data are included in this report. There were 153 men (64.8%), and 83 women (35.2%). Mean age was 75.5 years old ± 11.7 (range 46-94). Primary site was: head 158 patients (66.9%), other sun exposed areas 47 patients (20%), and non exposed areas 31 patients. Cheek and front were the most frequents head site with 40 cases (25%) and 29 cases (12.3%), respectively. In 119 cases (50.4%) SCC was ulcerated, and 117 cases was not; primary tumor diameter was 22 millimeters (range 3-100). Clinical lymph nodes were primarily positives in 10 patients, (4.2%). In 12 cases with negative lymph nodes, sentinel limph node was resected. 2 were positives. Histological borders were tumor free in 201 patients (85.2%) and, 35 cases (14.8%) had positive histological borders. Local recurrence incidence was 8.5% (20 cases). Limph nodes recurrence was 2.1% (5 cases). Cancer recurrence was associated with histological positive borders P = 0.001, IC 95% 3.12- 12.19, and ulcerated tumor p = 0.01, OR 4.63; IC 1.59-13.50. Letality was 2.56%. Mean follow up was 36 months (range 12-228 months). Conclusions: SSC has a good prognosis when primary tumor is resected early, with free histological borders resection.

Automatic classification of ovarian cancer types from cytological images using deep convolutional neural networks.

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies. Accurate classification of ovarian cancer types (serous carcinoma, mucous carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma, transparent cell carcinoma) is an essential part in the different diagnosis. Computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) can provide useful advice for pathologists to determine the diagnosis correctly. In our study, we employed a Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) based on AlexNet to automatically classify the different types of ovarian cancers from cytological images. The DCNN consists of five convolutional layers, three max pooling layers, and two full reconnect layers. Then we trained the model by two group input data separately, one was original image data and the other one was augmented image data including image enhancement and image rotation. The testing results are obtained by the method of 10-fold cross-validation, showing that the accuracy of classification models has been improved from 72.76 to 78.20% by using augmented images as training data. The developed scheme was useful for classifying ovarian cancers from cytological images.

MP34-09 PREVALENCE AND PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF PROSTATE CANCER HISTOLOGICAL VARIANTS AT RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY: A LONG-TERM, SINGLE CENTER ANALYSIS

You have accessJournal of UrologyProstate Cancer: Epidemiology & Natural History II1 Apr 2018MP34-09 PREVALENCE AND PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF PROSTATE CANCER HISTOLOGICAL VARIANTS AT RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY: A LONG-TERM, SINGLE CENTER ANALYSIS Carlo Andrea Bravi, Giorgio Gandaglia, Nicola Fossati, Roberta Lucianò, Emanuele Zaffuto, Vincenzo Scattoni, Andrea Gallina, Roberto Bertini, Massimo Freschi, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Vincenzo Mirone, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Rodolfo Montironi, Claudio Doglioni, Francesco Montorsi, and Alberto Briganti Carlo Andrea BraviCarlo Andrea Bravi More articles by this author , Giorgio GandagliaGiorgio Gandaglia More articles by this author , Nicola FossatiNicola Fossati More articles by this author , Roberta LucianòRoberta Lucianò More articles by this author , Emanuele ZaffutoEmanuele Zaffuto More articles by this author , Vincenzo ScattoniVincenzo Scattoni More articles by this author , Andrea GallinaAndrea Gallina More articles by this author , Roberto BertiniRoberto Bertini More articles by this author , Massimo FreschiMassimo Freschi More articles by this author , Shahrokh F. ShariatShahrokh F. Shariat More articles by this author , Vincenzo MironeVincenzo Mirone More articles by this author , Pierre I. KarakiewiczPierre I. Karakiewicz More articles by this author , Rodolfo MontironiRodolfo Montironi More articles by this author , Claudio DoglioniClaudio Doglioni More articles by this author , Francesco MontorsiFrancesco Montorsi More articles by this author , and Alberto BrigantiAlberto Briganti More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.02.1101AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Although variant histological subtypes in prostate cancer (PCa) are rare, recent studies reported conflicting results regarding their aggressiveness. We sought to assess the incidence of variant histological subtypes in patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP). We then focused on the impact of variant histology on disease features and outcomes METHODS Overall, 8,723 PCa patients treated with RP ± ePLND between 1997 and 2017 at a single center were identified. All prostatectomy specimens were evaluated by four high- volume uro-pathologists. Individuals with variant histologic subtypes at final pathology (namely, ductal and mucinous adenocarcinoma) were identified. The Mann-Whitney and chi-square tests assessed differences in medians and proportions between acinar adenocarcinoma vs. variant histologic subtype. We focused on age, preoperative PSA, clinical stage, pathologic stage, positive surgical margins (PSM) and lymph node invasion (LNI). Biochemical recurrence (BCR) was defined as two consecutive PSA ≥0.2 ng/ml. Clinical recurrence (CR) was defined as positive imaging during follow-up. Kaplan-Meier analyses assessed time to BCR, CR and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) according to the histologic subtype RESULTS Overall, 8,659 (99.3%), 44 (0.5%) and 20 (0.2%) patients had acinar adenocarcinoma, ductal adenocarcinoma and mucinous carcinoma of the prostate. Median age and preoperative PSA were 65.3 vs 66.8 vs 63.1 years and 6.7 vs 7.7 vs 8.9 ng/ml for acinar, ductal and mucous carcinoma (all P≥0.2). Clinical stage was T3 in 733 (8.4%), 6 (13.6%) and 3 (15%) in acinar, ductal and mucinous carcinoma (P=0.1). Overall, 1,267 (14.6%), 16 (36.4%) and 7 (35%) acinar, ductal and mucinous carcinoma had pT3b/4 disease (P<0.001). The PSM and LNI rates were 24.8 vs 34.1 vs 35% and 11.4 vs 27.3 vs 35% in acinar vs ductal vs mucinous carcinoma (all P<0.001). Median follow-up for survivors was 66 months. When patients were stratified according to the histologic subtype, the 10-year BCR-, CR-, and CSM-free survival rates were 67.2 vs 31.7 vs 58.9%, 91.3 vs 70.9 vs 99% and 96.4 vs 79.5 vs 99% for acinar vs ductal vs mucous carcinoma (all P<0.001) CONCLUSIONS Although baseline characteristics of patients with variant histologic subtypes do not differ compared to acinar adenocarcinoma, men with ductal or mucinous carcinoma have a higher rate of pT3b/4, PSM and LNI. Only the presence of ductal adenocarcinoma was associated with an increased risk of CR and CSM. These patients should be considered for more aggressive postoperative therapies © 2018FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 199Issue 4SApril 2018Page: e441 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2018MetricsAuthor Information Carlo Andrea Bravi More articles by this author Giorgio Gandaglia More articles by this author Nicola Fossati More articles by this author Roberta Lucianò More articles by this author Emanuele Zaffuto More articles by this author Vincenzo Scattoni More articles by this author Andrea Gallina More articles by this author Roberto Bertini More articles by this author Massimo Freschi More articles by this author Shahrokh F. Shariat More articles by this author Vincenzo Mirone More articles by this author Pierre I. Karakiewicz More articles by this author Rodolfo Montironi More articles by this author Claudio Doglioni More articles by this author Francesco Montorsi More articles by this author Alberto Briganti More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Esophageal Paget\u2019s Disease Secondary to Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma: a Case Report

Paget’s disease is defined as neoplastic cells of glandular differentiation infiltrating squamous epithelium [1]. In essence, it represents a population of malignant mucin-producing cells which sit in amongst benign squamous cells within skin or mucosa. These cells can arise secondary to a primary carcinoma, which may have so called ‘Pagetoid spread’ of malignant cells at the periphery of the lesion, or more rarely, Paget’s cells can arise de novo within the squamous epithelium, the pathogenesis of which is not yet understood. Having been first described in the breast by Sir James Paget in 1874, extramammary Paget’s disease is an entity most commonly seen in the vulva and anus but it is known to occur rarely in the esophagus, almost exclusively in the context of invasive esophageal adenocarcinoma. Paget’s cells within esophageal squamous epithelium are found in 4.9% of invasive adenocarcinoma cases and are most commonly associated with diffuse, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with dyscohesive malignant cells [2–5]. Few case reports are present in the literature to describe Paget’s cells within the esophagus but those that exist include cases involving mucous gland carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma arising on a background of Barrett’s esophagus [2–5]. We present a case in which widespread esophageal Paget’s disease arises secondary to poorly differentiated carcinoma of the hypopharynx. A literature search did not yield any similar cases.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tumors with the Use of Iron Oxide Magnetic Nanoparticles as a Contrast Agent

We studied the possibility of using BSA-coated magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of C6 glioblastoma, 4T1 mammary adenocarcinoma, and RS-1 hepatic mucous carcinoma. In all three cases, magnetic nanoparticles accumulated in the tumor and its large vessels. Magnetic resonance imaging with contrast agent allows visualization of the tumor tissue and its vascularization.

Analysis of the clinical features and prognostic factors of pulm- onary mucinous carcinoma

Objective The aim of the present study was to explore the clinical features of Pulmonary mueoepidermoid carcinoma (PMEC) and to analysis the tumor's treatment and prognosis factors, to improve the awareness of the disease and the level of diagnosis and treatments. Methods To collect nearly 5 years of Fuzhou general hospital of Nanjing military region which were diagnosed with PMEC underwent 9 cases and the last decade of 292 literature cases collected from CNKI. The patients were classified into low-grade group and high-grade group, based on histological grades. The clinical data, radiological manifestation, pathological findings, treatment strategy, and prognoses of all patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results Surgical treatment were 198 cases, 34 cases from these cases accepted postoperative radiation or chemotherapy, Comprehensive radiation and chemotherapy included 56 cases, 6 patients by targeting therapy, and 41 cases give up treatment; the 5 year survival rate was 43.6%. High-grade PMEC often with high malignant, and was more common in patient with advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and lymph node metastasis respectively(all P<0.000 1). Log-rank test analysis showed that age, pathological grade, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage were correlated with the survival of PMEC patients. In the forward conditional Cox regression model, lymph node metastasis was the most important influencing factors (HR, 0.358, 95%CI, 0.114~0.265, P<0.000 1). Conclusions Lung mucous epidermoid carcinoma is a rare tumor, prognosis is influenced by many factors, and lymph node metastasis is one of the most important influencing factors. The surgical treatment is still the only effective means at present. And the curative effect of radiation and chemotherapy and there is no unified conclusion, targeted therapy is a promising treatment. Key words: Mucinous carcinoma of the lung; Clinical features; Chest CT manifestations; Prognostic factors

Fiberbronchoscopic interventional therapy of child left main bronchus mucous epidermoid carcinoma: a case report and literature

目的 探讨支气管腔内黏液表皮样癌(mucoepidermoid carcinoma，MEC)的介入治疗方法可行性，提高患者生活质量。 方法 术前完善增强肺CT明确患儿肿物局限在腔内，患儿无左主支气管管壁浸润和淋巴结转移，采取单侧肺通气的麻醉方式，经电子纤维支气管镜下使用氩气、冷冻、电凝三种介入治疗相结合的方式将左主支气管腔内的MEC清除。 结果 经电子纤维支气管镜下使用氩气、冷冻、电凝三种介入治疗相结合的方式将左主支气管腔内MEC清除，使用纤维支气管镜探入左肺上下叶，将阻塞管腔的大量塑性痰栓清理干净，使左肺重新复张。随访1月，无复发。 结论 对于腔内生长的MEC，未见周围气管浸润和淋巴结转移，采用电子纤维支气管镜下介入治疗的方法是一种无创、安全的方法。

Application of scapula osteomyocutaneous flap in the repair of maxillary defect

Preliminary study on free scapula osteomyocutaneous flap to repair maxillary defect. Central maxillofacial soft and hard tissue defect after nasal sinus or oral tumor surgery was repaired with free scapual osteomyocutaneous flap in 4 patients to reconstruct their maxillofacial functions. The primary tumors included an ameloblastoma, a recurrent low-grade mucous epidermoid carcinoma a jaw sarcoma and a squamous cell carcinoma. All the 4 cases had good wound healing within 2 weeks after surgery, with no complications, could take in semifluid food after 3 weeks, and had clear language communication after 1 month. Three cases wore denture after 2 months and recovered maxillofacial contour and partial chewing function, and had no tumor recurrences with the follow-up of 37, 25 and 10 months respectively. One case of maxilla sarcomas had recurrence with invasion of parapharyngeal space and skull base and pulmonary metastasis 9 months after surgery, who gave up further treatment and died 1 year later. No obvious dysfunction occurred in shoulder and back donation sites and well blood supply in transplanted bones were showed with CT and bone scan. Scapula osteomyocutaneous flap has some advantages including reliable blood supply, hidden incision and little affect on the donation site, and it can apply with multiple tissues including bone, muscle, and skin for repair. This flap also has good shape adaptability and availability. So scapula osteomyocutaneous flap is a satisfactory method for the repair of facial maxillary complex defects. But some limitations exist in the flap, by which less amount of bone can be applied and more operation time is required due to the changes of patient's body position during surgery.

Correspondence analysis between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation and histopathology in colorectal cancer

IntroductionDefining Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome is considered the key therapeutical principle of TCM. The present study was to explore the correlation between TCM syndrome differentiation and histopathology in colorectal cancer (CRC). MethodsA total of 180 patients were differentiated into 5 TCM syndrome types, including accumulated damp-heat type (ADH), deficiency of both qi and blood type (DBQB), deficiency of liver and kidney yin type (DLKY), deficiency of spleen and kidney yang type (DSKY) and qi stagnation due to spleen deficiency type (QSSD). They were also differentiated into pathologic types, including adenocarcinoma, mucous carcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma and anaplastic carcinoma. Moreover, the expression of protein 53 (P53), cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), non-metastasis 23 (nm23), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) was detected by immunohistochemistry in 61 patients. Finally, the correspondence analysis between TCM syndrome differentiation and histopathology or pathological molecular markers was conducted. ResultsChi-square test of independence showed that TCM syndrome types correlated with pathological types (χ2=33.456, P=0.001), while not with molecular markers (χ2=7.344, P=0.834). Correspondence analysis showed that the distances between adenocarcinoma and QSSD or DLKY were the shortest among the distances of adenocarcinoma with other TCM syndrome types. Moreover, distances between mucinous carcinoma and ADH, signet ring cell carcinoma and ADH, anaplastic carcinoma and DBQB were the shortest among all the types. ConclusionTCM syndrome differentiation is strongly correlated with histopathology of colorectal cancer. TCM syndrome differentiation may be used as a supplement in the diagnosis of CRC.

Differential expression of HSF1 mRNA and HSPs in mucous membrane，adenoma and carcinoma of colon

Objective To detect the differential expression of HSF1 mRNA，HSP27，HSP70 and HSP90α in mucous membrane，adenoma and carcinoma of colon.Methods By means of tissue microarray technology，detect the expression of heat shock related nucleic acid and proteins with immunohistochemistry and hybridization in situ.Results The positive expression of HSF1 mRNA，HSP27，HSP70 and HSP90α in mucous membrane，adenoma and carcinoma of colon were 21.43%,66.00%,85.71%；35.70%,68.00%,42.90%；28.57%,46.00%,67.35%；21.40%,54.00%,73.50%.The expression level of HSF1 mRNA and HSP90α in adenoma and carcinoma of colon was obviously higher than that in mucous membrane，meanwhile the expression level of HSP27 in adenoma was higher than that in mucous membrane and carcinoma of colon，and the expression level of HSP70 in carcinomar of colon was higher than that in mucous membrane and adenoma.Conclusions The positive expression of HSF1 mRNA，HSP27，HSP70 and HSP90α is interrelated due to the process of colon tumorigenesis，in which the heat shock stress signal pathway that represent played an important role.

Desde la displasia hasta el cáncer de la vesícula biliar

There is scarcity of knowledge about the development of gallbladder cancer.To study the features of development and progression of gallbladder cancer.Review of histopathological studies of gallbladder obtained in 25,971 cholecytectomies performed in patients aged 45+/- 16 years, 79% females, between 1993 and 2004. Among these, 210 had a dysplasia not associated to cancer and 1,039 had a gallbladder cancer Clinical and morphological parameters of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions were analyzed. Ninety five percent of patients were followed.All cases of dysplasia were incidental findings. Metaplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ were present in the adjacent mucosa in 66%, 81% y 69% of gallbladder carcinomas, respectively. Twenty five percent of gallbladders studied were carcinomas (mucous carcinoma in 18% and muscular carcinoma in 7%). Ninety two percent of cases had chronic inflammation in the gallbladder wall. Seventy two percent of mucous carcinomas were not detected macroscopically Five years survival of mucous carcinoma was 92%. There was an association between the intensity of the lesion and the age of the patients. The age difference between chronic cholecystitis and gallbladder cancer was 11 years for women and nine for men.From a morphological standpoint, the period in which a dysplasia becomes a carcinoma is approximately 10 years.

Natural history of gallbladder cancer. Analysis of biopsy specimens

There is scarcity of knowledge about the development of gallbladder cancer. To study the features of development and progression of gallbladder cancer. Review of histopathological studies of gallbladder obtained in 25,971 cholecytectomies performed in patients aged 45+/- 16 years, 79% females, between 1993 and 2004. Among these, 210 had a dysplasia not associated to cancer and 1,039 had a gallbladder cancer Clinical and morphological parameters of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions were analyzed. Ninety five percent of patients were followed. All cases of dysplasia were incidental findings. Metaplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ were present in the adjacent mucosa in 66%, 81% y 69% of gallbladder carcinomas, respectively. Twenty five percent of gallbladders studied were carcinomas (mucous carcinoma in 18% and muscular carcinoma in 7%). Ninety two percent of cases had chronic inflammation in the gallbladder wall. Seventy two percent of mucous carcinomas were not detected macroscopically Five years survival of mucous carcinoma was 92%. There was an association between the intensity of the lesion and the age of the patients. The age difference between chronic cholecystitis and gallbladder cancer was 11 years for women and nine for men. From a morphological standpoint, the period in which a dysplasia becomes a carcinoma is approximately 10 years.

Cancer of the large bowel in the African: A 15-year survey at Kinshasa University Hospital, Zaïre

In a 15-year survey at Kinshasa University Hospital, 954 solid cancers were recorded. Among these, 46 malignant tumours arose in the colon, rectum and anal canal, a proportion of 4-8 per cent. A review of the patients' age and clinical presentation, and pathology and aetiology of the tumours revealed that: 1. The incidence of this cancer in young Africans is higher than in Western countries. 2. The clinical presentation of this illness in young people is frequently unusual, but older African patients commonly present with classic symptoms. 3. The incidence of mucous carcinoma tends to be higher, but could be explained by the larger number of young people suffering from the condition. 4. Intestinal amoebiasis was associated with cancer in 3 cases. Its significance remains uncertain.

Statistical analysis of clinicopathologic characteristics of 1075 cases with colonic cancer

To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of colonic cancer. All clinical data of surgical cases from hospital registry from 1982 to 2002 were analyzed using SPSS 11.0 software. There were 1075 patients with colonic cancer including 573 males and 502 females. The median age of the patients was 58 years. 90.8% of the patients aged over 40 years . The proportion of right colonic cancer was 64.7%. Well-differentiated and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma accounted for 69.8%, and mucous carcinoma 13.6%. The proportions of early stage I, advanced stage II, III and IV cancer were 8.1%, 45.0%, 26.5% and 20.3% respectively. The 5-, 10-year survival rates were 61.9% and 53.0% respectively. The risk for colonic cancer is significantly increased in patients over 40 years. The frequency of right colonic cancer is higher than that of left colonic cancer. The overall survival rate is high.