Movement Of People Research Articles

Cross-border Interrelationships in Rushdie, Ghosh, and Hosseini’s Novels: A Transnationalist Approach

This essay argues that the India-born expatriate writers Salman Rushdie and Amitav Ghosh, and the Afghan-American writer Khaled Hosseini have built fictional worlds consisting of people of diverse nations, races, colours, and religions in their respective novels Midnight’s Children (1981), The Glass Palace (2000), and The Kite Runner (2003), and many of these immigrant characters maintain sustainable connections with their countries of origin across borders. This study highlights the fact that British colonialism played a crucial role in large-scale movements of people, and many of the postcolonial countries are still struggling with myriad internal and external problems. As a result, countless people of these countries are eager to shift to economically advanced and politically stable countries. Yet, these same people are unable to disconnect from their original society and remain emotionally and psychologically moored to their roots. Drawing on the theoretical apparatus of transnationalism, this essay explores the reasons behind mobility outside one’s nation-state and the subsequent economic, political, and social impacts of transnational relationships ensuing from that. The study also examines how the characters adapt themselves to and whether they are permanently secured in a transnational space. Spectrum, Volume 18, June 2023: 40-48

Evaluating a Public Health Assessment and Response Framework: SARS-CoV-2 Spread Under the Controlled Distancing Model of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

In early 2020, to halt the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the state government of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil established a public health assessment and response framework known as a "controlled distancing model." Using this framework, the government divided the state into 21 regions and evaluated them against a composite index of disease transmission and health service capacity. Regions were assessed using a color-coded scale of flags that was updated on a weekly basis and used to guide the adoption of nonpharmaceutical interventions. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the extent to which the controlled distancing model accurately assessed transmission and the effectiveness of its responses throughout 2020. We estimated the weekly effective reproduction number (Rt) of SARS-CoV-2 for each region using a renewal equation-based statistical model of notified COVID-19 deaths. Using Rt estimates, we explored whether flag colors assigned by the controlled distancing model either reflected or affected SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Results showed that flag assignments did reflect variations in Rt to a limited extent, but we found no evidence that they affected Rt in the short term. Medium-term effects were apparent in only 4 regions after 8 or more weeks of red flag assignment. Analysis of Google movement metrics showed no evidence that people moved differently under different flags. The dissociation between flag colors and the propagation of SARS-CoV-2 does not call into question the effectiveness of nonpharmaceutical interventions. Our results show, however, that decisions made under the controlled distancing model framework were ineffective both at influencing the movement of people and halting the spread of the virus.

Decoding imagined movement in people with multiple sclerosis for brain-computer interface translation.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous autoimmune-mediated disorder affecting the central nervous system, commonly manifesting as fatigue and progressive limb impairment. This can significantly impact quality of life due to weakness or paralysis in the upper and lower limbs. A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) aims to restore quality of life through control of an external device, such as a wheelchair. However, the limited BCI research in people with MS has been confined to exploring the P300 response and brain signals associated with attempted movement. The current study aims to expand the MS-BCI literature by highlighting the feasibility of decoding MS imagined movement.
Approach. We collected electroencephalography (EEG) data from eight participants with various symptoms of MS and ten neurotypical control participants. Participants made imagined movements of the hands and feet as directed by a go no-go protocol. Binary regularised linear discriminant analysis was used to classify imagined movement vs. rest and vs. movement at individual time-frequency points. The frequency bands which provided the maximal accuracy, and the associated latency, were compared.
Main Results. In all MS participants, the classification algorithm achieved above 70% accuracy in at least one imagined movement vs. rest classification and most movement vs. movement classifications. There was no significant difference between classification of limbs with weakness or paralysis to neurotypical controls. Both the MS and control groups possessed decodable information within the alpha (7-13 Hz) and beta (16-30 Hz) bands at similar latency.
Significance. This study is the first to demonstrate the feasibility of decoding imagined movements in people with MS. As an alternative to the P300 response, motor imagery-based control of a BCI may also be combined with existing motor imagery therapy to supplement MS rehabilitation. These promising results merit further long term BCI studies to investigate the effect of MS progression on classification performance.&#xD.

Chinese migrant workers’ integration into cities and land transfer amid urban–rural population mobility

Following the economic reforms and opening up, the Chinese government has implemented policies aimed at promoting land transfer, yet the rate of rural land transfer continues to be relatively low, resulting in inefficient land use in rural regions. The movement of people from rural to urban areas is a key driver of land transfer, and the level of integration of migrant workers in urban settings is closely tied to their decisions to transfer land. We analyzed survey data from 1,533 migrant worker households using a binary logistic regression model and conducted an endogeneity test with a two-stage least squares model. The findings indicate that economic, social, psychological, and identity integration, as well as overall urban integration, have a significant positive impact on the likelihood of land transfer, the involvement of non-relatives in transfers, and the length of time land is transferred.Economic integration significantly influences the decision of migrant workers to transfer land, social integration plays a substantial role in transfers involving non-relatives, and psychological and identity integration significantly affects the duration of land transfers. In summary, the analysis recommends that policymakers prioritize fostering a more inclusive urban environment for migrant workers, enhance employment opportunities and social security services for this group, and facilitate the participation of migrant workers in the land transfer market to maximize the value of their land assets.

Current State of Logistics Development and Its Role in the China’s Regional Economy

In modern conditions logistics plays a particularly important role in the context of the development of the country, as it allows more effective development of other areas of economic activity of the country due to the speed and quality of movement of goods or people. This study examined this area in China in comparison with data from Kyrgyzstan. The main methods used during the study were analysis, historical method, forecasting, comparison. The study investigated the role of logistics in regional development, drawing on the experience of Kyrgyzstan and China. The objectives of regional development policy were shown at the beginning, emphasizing the importance of a balanced distribution of resources and economic activities between regions. Logistics becomes a key factor in achieving these goals, ensuring connectivity, economic growth, and efficiency in resource allocation. Furthermore, the paper analyzed the unique challenges and opportunities faced by Kyrgyzstan in the logistics sector. For this, the study also considered selected statistical data that can characterize this area. The paper also presented comparative data of China’s logistics industry, demonstrating its complexity and crucial role in global trade. Assessing the country’s experience, strategic ideas for improving the logistics industry in Kyrgyzstan were also presented, which included many diverse types of recommendations. The study brings new knowledge in the field of logistics for its development in the country, as well as provides an opportunity to assess the state of these areas in China and Kyrgyzstan.

PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PENYELUDUPAN MANUSIA DARI DAN LUAR INDONESIA

Immigration in Indonesia is regulated by Law Number 6 of 2011 on Immigration, which replaced the previous immigration law, Law Number 9 of 1992. The law states that anyone who enters or exits Indonesia without undergoing immigration inspection, or without valid travel documents or visas, will be subject to criminal sanctions. The legal foundation for human trafficking offenses is also outlined in Law Number 18 of 2017 on the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers. Immigration matters are closely related to the movement of people across international borders, which has increased in the era of globalization and free trade, and has now become a concern for countries around the world, including Indonesia. Smuggling, which involves trafficking people for exploitation or physical and psychological abuse, is a violation of human dignity. The method used in this research is sociological legal research. Based on the results, it is known that law enforcement at the Bengkalis Immigration Checkpoint Office (TPI) is in accordance with the provisions set out in the Immigration Law. However, challenges remain, such as limited human resources, inadequate infrastructure, and suboptimal coordination between agencies. Handling human trafficking requires active involvement from various parties, including the police, customs, and other related agencies, to strengthen oversight and prevent this transnational crime. This research concludes that to improve the effectiveness of law enforcement, there needs to be enhanced training for officers, improvement of inspection facilities and infrastructure, and strengthened cooperation between agencies involved in the prevention and prosecution of human trafficking. Additionally, a broader socialization to the public regarding the dangers and impacts of human trafficking should also be conducted to strengthen preventive efforts.

Navigating Global Migration: An Analysis of Exit West through Appadurai’s Five Scapes

The rapid surge in global migration today is deeply intertwined with shifts in the political and economic structures of the late twentieth century, characterized by the dominance of globalization and transnational capital. These shifts, while rooted in the historical legacies of colonialism, have assumed new dimensions as globalization reconfigures the movement of people, capital, and ideas. In Exit West, Mohsin Hamid connects the personal experiences of migration with larger global forces, using magical doors to metaphorically illustrate the fluidity and unpredictability of global migration patterns. This paper employs Arjun Appadurai's five "scapes," which are ethnoscapes, technoscapes, financescapes, mediascapes, and ideoscapes, to examine how Exit West reflects and critiques the dynamics of globalization, migration, and identity formation. Hamid highlights how technological advancements facilitate movement while simultaneously revealing the inequalities that persist under the guise of globalization. Through the journeys of Saeed and Nadia, the novel reveals the fragmented nature of global flows and their impact on personal and collective identities.

Exploring the nexus between Nigeria waterways, national and international security

The existence and sustainability of humanity on earth have been linked to numerous human economic activities which have precipitated the movement of people, goods, and services across various geographical climes. These economic activities over time have impacted the maritime ecosystem and have been identified as one of the most influential means of interactions in trade and commercial activities as it accounts for over 90% of the global movement of goods and services as against other means and forms of transportation. It is in light that this study looked at the impact of waterways on Nigeria’s economy, the nexus between waterways, national and international security and maritime threats to Nigeria waterways. The study adopted the secondary method of data collection through content analysis of online publications, journals, news items, government gazettes, unpublished theses, etc. Using the Marxist political economic theory popularized by Adam Smith and David Ricardo in the 18th century, this study found out that the Nigeria maritime sector is a vital component of the country's economy, contributing significantly to its GDP and employing thousands of workers. However, the industry is plagued by severe maritime threats, including piracy, sea robbery, and maritime terrorism, which are attributed to various factors such as socio-economic, political, and infrastructural deficits. This study concluded by recommending that the Nigerian government should enhance Indigenous participation and domination in the maritime sector, strengthen maritime security and surveillance, and implement international frameworks and guidelines.

Undoing conceptual languages? Epistemic ambivalence as self-reflexive agency in Kaouther Adimi’s Des pierres dans ma poche (2015)

Migration writing has often been defined and read in relation to a writer’s own experiences and migration story. This has been principally visible in political and media discourses, where writers are co-opted by, indeed place themselves into, the political and media arena as a means of promoting their work. However, even when focusing on lesser-known writers not subject to the same levels of political and media visibility, literary critics have tended to align forms of a character’s agency with that of their author’s own ‘journey’ from the place of ‘departure’ to that of an ‘arrival’. In an analysis of the Algerian writer Kaouther Adimi’s 2015 novel, Des pierres dans ma poche , I ask how writers might be seen to theorize their own epistemic ambivalence as a form of self-reflexive agency, in order to tell a more complicated story about the contemporary movement of people and texts across (post)colonial borders, with a critical and self-reflexive eye to the coloniality of the conceptual languages of the borders, boundaries, and knowledge systems critics use to describe and understand writers, texts, and their worlds.

Conceptualized Technological Solutions to Maximize the Use of Natural Daylight and Provide a Sustainable Environment for Vehicle Transportations in Modern Underground Cities: A Review

As urban populations burgeon and available surface space becomes scarce, the concept of underground cities gains traction as a viable technological solution. The movement of people, purchases, and recreational trips using vehicles has also become more intensive and requires new concepts to operate in a safe environment, especially in modern underground cities. However, a major challenge faced in subterranean environments is the limited access to natural daylight. This research explores the pivotal role of engineering technology in enhancing the quality of natural daylight within underground urban spaces. Through an interdisciplinary approach, the study investigates advanced lighting utilizing, architectural design strategies with sustainable transportation, and innovative materials to mitigate the inherent constraints of subterranean living. The research assesses the effectiveness of technological interventions to provide comfortable living and safe, sustainable transportation. It therefore addresses the design of light wells, utilize of smart materials, and the incorporation of cutting-edge lighting systems to optimize the distribution of natural light. Additionally, the study evaluates the psychological and physiological impacts of enhanced daylight exposure on residents, emphasizing the importance of human-centric design in subterranean environments. Key findings highlight the significance of daylight simulations in the planning phase, emphasizing the need for architects and urban planners to utilize state-of-the-art engineering utilizing to predict sunlight patterns to achieve great benefit in providing conceptual solutions to provide a suitable environment for vehicle operation. The research also emphasizes the importance of incorporating modern technology systems as atriums, light wells, and reflective surfaces to maximize natural light penetration. Furthermore, the research investigates the energy implications of relying on artificial lighting in conjunction with natural daylight. It explores sustainable energy conceptualized technological solutions, such as solar technology and vehicle transportation according to implementation considerations, to minimize the environmental impact of energy consumption in modern underground cities.

Determinants of last-mile travel mode choice under different COVID-19 alert levels: A case study of Batasan Hills, Quezon City, Philippines

The COVID-19 outbreak has led to remarkable changes in the transport sector and people’s travel behavior. The suspension of public transport leads to an increase in the number of private car users and the number of walking activities. The last mile, being one of the weakest links in the transport network, has become more challenging to manage with the imposition of different travel restrictions. Using the data collected from the households of Barangay Batasan Hills, Quezon City, Philippines, this study aimed to understand people’s travel behavior during the pandemic. Specifically, a binary logit model was used to determine the significant factors that affect the last-mile travel mode choice under different alert levels. Results showed that age during the pandemic, monthly household income, the purpose of travel, travel expense, travel time, departure time, origin, compliance with COVID-19 measures, and trip duration have significant factors in last-mile travel mode choice. In addition, risk perception on public transport was also a determinant of last-mile travel mode under alert levels 1 and 2. Analyzing travel behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic is deemed beneficial in devising strategies and interventions that will help mitigate the spread of the virus while still allowing economic activity and the movement of people to happen.

The Breeding Bird Survey of the United Kingdom

ABSTRACTMotivationInformation on species' population trends is essential to assess species' conservation status, make informed environmental decisions and ultimately reduce biodiversity loss. Robust population trends require a long‐term monitoring programme, often using citizen scientists, that ideally generates representative and unbiased data from the study area. Here we present the dataset of the Breeding Bird Survey, the main scheme for monitoring the population changes of common and widespread breeding birds in the United Kingdom, which achieves this through a randomised sampling scheme and defined field methodology. We also describe the modelling approach used to calculate the population trends, which are the main output of the survey.Main Types of Variable ContainedThe main published dataset contains 7,070,577 records detailing counts of 217 bird species in 7010 grid cells over 30 years. Data for 78 species that are currently regarded as too sensitive to be released at fine resolution are omitted. As an illustration of the main use of this dataset, we provide population change estimates for 119 bird species.Spatial Location and GrainGrid squares (1 × 1 km) are randomly selected using a stratified sampling scheme throughout the United Kingdom, Isle of Man and Channel Islands. Data in a grid square are collected along two 1‐km‐long transects which are subdivided into 200‐m‐long sections.Time Period and GrainData have been collected every year since 1994, with two major disruptions in 2001 and 2020, when people's movements were nationally restricted. Grid squares are surveyed twice a year during the main breeding season (April to June). Here we present the data collected from 1994 to 2023.Major Taxa Studied and Level of MeasurementBird species.Software FormatData are supplied as comma‐separated text files.

Genomic Epidemiology of 2023-2024 Oropouche Outbreak in Iquitos, Peru reveals independent origin from a concurrent outbreak in Brazil.

Oropouche virus is an arbovirus endemic to the Americas. Periodic outbreaks have occurred since its description in 1955. In late 2023, an outbreak occurred in Peru, centered in and around Iquitos in the Eastern Peruvian Amazon. An existing acute febrile illness (AFI) surveillance program was able to document its emergence and characterize arthralgia and dysuria and the absence of diarrhea as distinctive clinical features of Oropouche virus-associated febrile illness relative to other causes of AFI. Sequencing of isolates from the outbreak demonstrated that strains from this region were distinct from those causing disease in Brazil, despite the large-scale movement of people along the Amazon corridor, but highly similar to strains from Colombia and Ecuador. Our findings suggest that the current outbreak in South America is fundamentally multifocal in origin and not the result of geographic spread from Brazil, which experienced an outbreak between 2022 and 2024.

Bridges in Nepal: Enhancing Connectivity and Economic Development

Background Nepal, known for its stunning mountainous landscape, is intersected by approximately 6,000 rivers. This unique geography necessitates the construction of numerous bridges, forming an extensive road network, including foot trails, which facilitate social interaction, cultural exchange, and economic growth. These structures connect a diverse population of over 125 ethnic groups, who speak 123 different dialects, to essential services, markets, and opportunities. Objectives This study explores the historical background of bridge construction in Nepal, presents the current status of bridges, and examines their impact on economic development. Additionally, it provides recommendations to support implementation agencies in addressing the challenges faced in bridge construction and proposes potential solutions. Methods The study is based on a review of government documents, peer-reviewed articles, and primary data from bridge construction projects to provide insights into the history, current status, and role of bridges in enhancing connectivity and economic growth. Results The construction of bridges alongside roads and trails in Nepal has substantially contributed to economic development and increased mobility, facilitating the smooth movement of people and goods across the country. This study provides a detailed account of the chronological development of bridges in Nepal and the subsequent economic growth enabled by improved mobility. It also addresses the improvements still required. To date, 1,656 bridges have been constructed on national highways, 435 on provincial roads, and 402 by the Department of Roads, Provincial Governments, and Local bodies on national highways, provincial roads, and local roads, respectively. Conclusion Additionally, over 10,000 trail bridges have been built along various trails, significantly enhancing connectivity and fostering economic development.

Improving Monitoring of Indoor RF-EMF Exposure Using IoT-Embedded Sensors and Kriging Techniques.

Distributed wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely used to enhance the quality and safety of various applications. These networks consist of numerous sensor nodes, often deployed in challenging terrains where maintenance is difficult. Efficient monitoring approaches are essential to maximize the functionality and lifespan of each sensor node, thereby improving the overall performance of the WSN. In this study, we propose a method to efficiently monitor radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) exposure using WSNs. Our approach leverages sensor nodes to provide real-time measurements, ensuring accurate and timely data collection. With the increasing prevalence of wireless communication systems, assessing RF-EMF exposure has become crucial due to public health concerns. Since individuals spend over 70% of their time indoors, it is vital to evaluate indoor RF-EMF exposure. However, this task is complicated by the complex indoor environments, furniture arrangements, temporal variability of exposure, numerous obstructions with unknown dielectric properties, and uncontrolled factors such as people's movements and the random positioning of furniture and doors. To address these challenges, we employ a sensor network to monitor RF-EMF exposure limits using embedded sensors. By integrating Internet of Things-embedded sensors with advanced modeling techniques, such as kriging, we characterize and model indoor RF-EMF downlink (DL) exposure effectively. Measurements taken in several buildings within a few hundred meters of base stations equipped with multiple cellular antennas (2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G) demonstrate that the kriging technique using the spherical model provides superior RF-EMF prediction compared with the exponential model. Using the spherical model, we constructed a high-resolution coverage map for the entire corridor, showcasing the effectiveness of our approach.

Arborização urbana não planejada como barreira à acessibilidade

Urban afforestation, when well planned, brings several benefits to cities and citizens. However, when poorly planned, it can generate several economic and socio-environmental problems, such as those that hinder and/or limit people's mobility and access to various public facilities. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of urban trees from the perspective of accessibility on the sidewalks of Avenida Lomanto Júnior, Jequié - BA, with NBR 9050/2020 being used as a parameter to evaluate the conditions of this road. Although a good part of this Avenue meets the general dimensions required, several nonconformities were observed regarding the width of the free lanes, signaling, flooring and the presence of obstacles. In several stretches, it was possible to observe the presence of trees that limit or prevent the movement of people with some type of disability or reduced mobility. Thus, considering mobility as a constitutional right, the elaboration of a project and the implementation of actions that guarantee citizenship and accessibility to all people, without any kind of distinction, are essential.

Paleoparasitological analysis of a 15th-16th c. CE latrine from the merchant quarter of Bruges, Belgium: Evidence for local and exotic parasite infections.

Paleoparasitological studies have made important contributions to our understanding of the past epidemiology of parasites, infection in past populations and lifestyle in the past. In some cases, these ancient parasites can also provide evidence for long distance travel or migration of people in the past. Three sediment samples from a 15th–16th c. CE latrine from the Spanish nation house in Bruges, Belgium were analysed for preserved helminth eggs using microscopy. Bruges was a major trading centre in medieval Europe, thus it was home to a large merchant population with extensive trading networks. Paleoparasitological analysis revealed a preserved parasite egg from Schistosoma mansoni, which causes intestinal schistosomiasis. Roundworm, whipworm, liver fluke and Taenia tapeworm eggs were also found in the latrine which is consistent with parasites previously found in the local population in the medieval period. These new data provide direct evidence for the movement of S. mansoni outside of its endemic area. Today the vast majority of S. mansoni infections occur in Sub-Saharan Africa, with additional endemic areas in the Arabian peninsula and South America. The introduction of S. mansoni into South America is proposed to have occurred relatively recently in human history, as the result of forced movement of people from Africa to the Americas with the Atlantic slave trade. Thus, this infection may have occurred in a merchant who acquired the parasite during trade voyages to Africa or in an individual living in Africa who migrated to Bruges.

Mobility and non-household environments: understanding dengue transmission patterns in urban contexts.

Households (HH) have been traditionally described as the main environments where people are at risk of dengue (and other arbovirus) infection. Mounting entomological evidence has suggested a larger role of environments other than HH in transmission. Recently, an agent-based model (ABM) estimated that over half of infections occur in non-household (NH) environments like workplaces, markets, and recreational sites. However, the importance of human and vector mobility and the configurations of urban spaces in mediating the effects of NH on dengue transmission remains understudied. To improve our knowledge of the relevance of NH in transmission, we expanded an ABM calibrated from field data in Kenya to examine movement of people and vectors under different spatial configurations of buildings. In this model, we assessed the number of people traveling between HH and NH and their distance. Those were studied on three different urban configurations, on which the NH are spatially distributed either randomly (scattered), centered (in a single center), or clustered (in more than one cluster). Across simulations, the number of people moving is a major influential variable where higher levels of movement between HH and NH increases the number of cases. In addition, the number of cases is higher when NH are scattered. Intriguingly, the distance that people travel from HH to NH seems to have little effect on dengue burden; however, it affects the level of spatial clustering of cases. These results highlight the importance of NH as a major spreader of infections between HH and NH environments supporting the relevance of NH in transmission and its interaction with human movement in driving dengue dynamics.

Creative Class Mobility and Quality of Life: Migration of Creative Class from Istanbul to Izmir

The place attractiveness determines the movement of creative people in a city. Young and skilled people migrate to Izmir from istanbul because Izmir offers higher standards of life with respect to social indicators and tolerance for people who are different than others. It was observed from the migrated creative people that Izmir has the social and cultural advantage over istanbul to attract these free-thinking talented people. In the case comparative study, it was evident that Izmir has the potential to be creative milieu to develop into creative smart city in the region but Istanbul has some negative externalities such as over population, inaccessibility, conservatism, expensive city. This paper examines the migration of creative professionals from Istanbul to Izmir, testing Florida’s creative class concept and the 3T model (Talent, Technology, Tolerance) via QoL parameters regarding creative migration. A mixed-method approach was used to gather and analyse both quantitative and qualitative data for locational preferences of the creative class. The study finds that young, innovative individuals are attracted to cities with high tolerance, advanced technology, and favourable work conditions. These factors not only enhance their quality of life but also drive economic growth and job creation in Izmir, highlighting that while quality of life attracts talent, career opportunities are crucial for their retention.

The Challenge to Mahmoud Abu Rayyah's Thoughts on The Significance of Abu Hurairah and Ka'b Al-Ahbār in Hadīth Narration

In response to Mahmoud Abu Rayyah's accusations against Ka'b al-Ahbār, this study attempts to address the claims that he was the ‘first Jewish’ in Islam, that deceit and hypocrisy led to his conversion to Islam, and that he was the first to support the Jewish people's movement in Jerusalem. This study uses qualitative methods with a type of literature analysis supplemented by analysis of content to analyze to understand Abu Rayyah's thoughts on his criticism of the relationship between Abu Hurairah and Ka'b al-ahbar. In this case the author also analyzes the criticism with the method of criticism of Abu Rayyah's thoughts. In response, the following was said: Regarding the Islamic conversion of al-Ahbār: There is universal agreement among historians regarding the validity of al-Ahbār’s conversion to Islam, having previously served as a Jewish priest. Ka'b was among the wisest Jews in his generation. He addressed Arabic with ease and had extensive knowledge of both the Prophet's Sunnah and the Holy Qur'an. As a result, Ka’b al-Ahbār 's conversion to Islam helped Muslims gain a thorough understanding of Judaism and played a significant role in converting Jews to Islam. Considering the connection between Abu Hurairah and Ka'b al-Ahbār, all historians concur that Abu Hurairah used to obtain numerous hadiths from al-Ahbār, who was one of his narrators. The Israeli hadiths and their attribution to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, were not transmitted to Abu Hurairah by al-Ahbār, albeit these claims are unsupported. The hadiths from Ka'b al-Ahbār were verified by other sources, according to evidence that Abu Hurairah once collected. On the authority of the Prophet, regarding the hadiths recounted by Abu Hurairah.