Movement In Environment Research Articles

GCVC: Graph Convolution Vector Distribution Calibration for Fish Group Activity Recognition

Only a few key fish individuals can play a dominant role in actual fish group, therefore, it is reasonable to infer group activities from the relationship between individual actions. However, the complex underwater environment, rapid and similar fish individual movements are likely to cause the indistinct action characteristics, as well as adhesion of data distribution, and it is difficult to infer the relationship between individual actions directly by using graph convolutional network (GCN). Therefore, this paper proposes a graph convolution vector calibration (GCVC) network for fish group activity recognition through individual action relationship reasoning. By improving reasoning ability of GCN, an activity feature vector calibration module is designed to solve the data adhesion and mismatch between the estimated and true distribution. The idea is to first count the distribution of the original data, and make each dimension of its active feature vector follow the Gaussian distribution, so as to generate a better similar category distribution. In addition, we also produced a fish activity dataset to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm. The experimental results show that the GCVC achieves a group activity recognition accuracy of 93.33 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> , and the Macro-F1 is 93.25 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> , which is 19.21 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> and 24.2 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> higher than before, respectively. By using GCVC, the corrected activity feature vector distribution is more consistent, and the data adhesion is reduced, the model can achieve more fully supervised learning. The fish group activity dataset is available on Github: <uri xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">https://github.com/crazysboy/GCVC/tree/master</uri> .

THE IMPACT OF SPORTS AND RECREATIONAL TOURISM ON A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE OF STUDENTS

Being in a natural environment with favorable conditions, in combination with dosed physical activity, contributes to the healing of the body and is a kind of active rest and a means of attracting to engage in physical activity. This postulate is based on the position that within the framework of any movement in the natural environment, a person has a load on certain muscle groups, which means rest activity. In addition, preparation for long trips is based on periodic physical education classes, in which the necessary physical form is formed. Organized trips allow you to visit different regions of Kazakhstan, see the diversity of natural areas and the way of life of the population. Face real challenges and overcome them and yourself. In addition, sports and recreational tourism is an evidence - based means of substitution and is a tool for combating antisocial phenomena, including drug addiction, testing the self- mprovement, physical, psychological and volitional qualities of a person. Pedestrian, water, Mountain, Ski, equestrian, speleo, velo, Auto-Moto, sailing, each of these types is unique and allows you to improve any of the listed routes.

Man-Power-Amplifying Exoskeleton with Pneumatic Actuator

This study describes the activity of developing a force amplifier exoskeleton with one degree of freedom. The system was developed as a research prototype to conduct control system studies. The device consists of an arm with a pneumatic cylinder actuator controlled by a pressure regulator. As for the human–machine interface, the system has a force sensor. The idea is to verify the possibility of developing a simple system from the sensor system’s point of view and the control system’s architecture while simultaneously obtaining an effective, economical, and reliable device. The idea developed in this project is to use the user’s available ability to control movements in unknown environments. The user constitutes the central part of the entire control system: he defines the references for the speeds and forces to be applied to the environment and observes the rates of the controlled robotic system through his own sight and proprioceptive system. On the other hand, the machine produces and controls the forces applied to the environment by the actuator. In this way, the device shows an increased admittance. A mathematical system model was created to verify the idea’s feasibility. Following the results of the simulations, a prototype was built on which experimental tests were carried out. As stated above, it was possible to obtain the described behavior with the use of a force sensor, one-axis type, interposed between the machine and the user, to constitute the human–machine interface; using a pressure regulator, it was possible to avoid the sensors for the force feedback by the environment. The result is a simple architecture for the sensors and the control algorithm. Specific test protocols were proposed to test the performance of the human–machine “system”, and a test bench was developed that allows the tracking of variable signals represented on a monitor, which the user must follow. The system is intuitive to use, with a rapid learning curve, and the user can handle high loads according to the different signals to be followed with good precision, even at high speeds.

A simple agent-based model for planning for bicycling: Simulation of bicyclists' movements in urban environments

Bicycling can improve the sustainability and liveability of cities, many of which desperately require better active transport infrastructure. Urban and transport planners need to examine how improvements in infrastructure change bicyclists' behaviour. With this knowledge, investment in bicycling networks can be more efficient and encourage the use of bicycling for transportation. This study developed a simple Agent-Based Model (ABM) to simulate bicyclists' movements in response to the built environment and road network characteristics in the City of Penrith, in the Greater Sydney Area, Australia. In this case study, the GAMA platform was used to build the ABM and Strava and Riderlog data were used to calibrate and validate the model. The model outputs give insights into bicyclist movements through the road network. The incorporated built environment characteristics include the type of bicycling infrastructure, tree canopy, slope, land use mix, and vehicle traffic. These choice factors also allowed the computation of rider levels of comfort and safety on each trip. Potential refinements of the model include additional bicycling behaviour factors (such as aesthetic preferences), and bicyclists' interactions with each other and other modes of transport.

A new approach to neural network via double hierarchy linguistic information: Application in robot selection

Robotization is necessary to keep up with the constant changes in production, which calls for a staff with robotics expertise. A manufacturing business must also have the ability to swiftly change its production method. But today the procedure is drawn-out and complicated. In this study, inverse kinematics functionality and a machine learning model have been used to simulate an industrial robot’s movement in a digital environment. By using machine learning, less time and money must be invested in developing the procedure and determining the robot’s route. In this article, feed-forward double hierarchy linguistic neural networks with estimation information for double hierarchy linguistic term sets are proposed. First defined were the Yager operational rules and Yager aggregation operators for the double hierarchy linguistic terms set. Following that, we’ll discuss fuzzy neurons, feed-forward neural networks, simple neural networks, hybrid neural networks, and the sigmoid function. After that, explain feed-forward, double-hierarchy linguistic neural networks, including how their output is calculated. The weight vector of expert’s information is calculated by using the entropy measure with the help of Yager aggregation operators. Finally, we use the Yager t-norms to determine the output date of feed-forward double hierarchy linguistic neural networks and also find the output data. Linguistic neural network with Yager T-norms apply to the Robot selection for manufacturing bussing. The proposed approach of linguistic neural network are compared with Extended TOPSIS methods and GRA method for ranking.

Providing elevated structures in the pullet rearing environment affects behavior during initial acclimation to a layer aviary

Spatial abilities of hens are particularly sensitive to development during early life. Experiences in pullet housing may have lasting consequences on adult hens' movements in cage-free environments. We tested whether opportunities to access elevated spaces during rearing improved hens' use of a multitiered aviary. Female Dekalb White pullets were reared in either floor pens (FL), single-tiered aviaries (ST), or 2-tiered aviaries (TT; n=5 pens/environment) through 16 wk of age. Rearing structures were replaced with identical multitiered aviaries at 17 wk. The distribution of the flock within the aviary and the vertical transitions of 10 focal hens/pen across the aviary were determined from videos recorded during their first (D1) and seventh (D7) day of aviary access, as well as at 19, 23, and 27 wk of age. Prevalence of floor eggs was recorded weekly from 17 to 28 wk of age. On D1, more ST and TT hens utilized the aviary during the daytime (P=0.0077), made more vertical transitions when searching for a roosting spot in the evening (P=0.0021), and maintained a consistent distance traveled during transitions compared to FL hens (P=0.02). These differences disappeared by D7, except that ST and TT hens continued to roost on the highest perches of the aviary more (P < 0.0001) than FL hens through 27 wk of age. FL hens laid more floor eggs than ST and TT hens for the first 2 wk of lay (P < 0.0001). The majority (97.9%) of vertical transitions was controlled. Uncontrolled transitions were highest at D1 and decreased by D7 (P=0.0009) and were not affected by rearing (P=0.33). The results suggest that hens reared with minimal height are hesitant to use the laying hen aviaries when they are first transferred. They acclimate within 1 to 2 wk, but continue to roost less in the highest accessible level.

Surgical immunization strategies against lateral movement in Active Directory environments

Lateral movement, in which a cyber attacker progresses through an enterprise network in order to compromise its most valuable assets, is a key stage of any intrusion nowadays. Therefore, being able to mitigate lateral movement, be it by slowing down attacker progress or by limiting its reach, is a top priority for enterprise cyber-defence. Due to the inherent complexity of enterprise networks, it is also a paramount challenge. This challenge becomes even more prominent if we take into account the high impact of deploying security countermeasures on the performance or functionality of the network. In this paper we model lateral movement as an infection process and propose a methodology to prioritize which network elements to protect for a more effective and efficient mitigation. To do this we rely on a graph model and graph theoretic metrics taken from epidemiology research, and apply them to the trust relationships in Microsoft Active Directory infrastructures. We propose selective immunization techniques which act as “surgical” countermeasures, by impacting a very reduced ratio of the nodes in the network. Experiments show that the selective immunization strategies we propose effectively mitigate infection spread in these settings while keeping the amount of immunized nodes at a minimum.

The Future of the Environmental Movement in Indonesia: Case Study of Wahana Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia/WALHI (1980-2020)

This research examines how environmental movement in Indonesia was formed using the experience of the Indonesian Forum for Environment (WALHI) in facing challenges such as the situation of ecological crisis and increasing environmental damage, the political situation and the situation of civil society and certainly affects the future strategy of the environmental movement. The research uses an organizational phase approach to see the environment movement dynamic from pioneering into associative phase for 40 years of the environmental movement presented by WALHI. Data collection was carried out through interviews, activists’ reflections, informal conversations and by being present at various occasions. This research is a reflective process for the environmental movement, in determining strategic choices to support advocacy work and saving the environment, as well as expanding the environmental movement in Indonesia. As the largest environmental organization in Indonesia, WALHI has provided a role and influence in building and strengthening the environmental movement as well as setting an environmental reform agenda and framing environmental issues as a collective responsibility.

A framework for dynamical distributed flocking control in dense environments

The bio-inspired flocking model has been widely utilized in self-organized swarms. However, existing potential field methods fail to guarantee safe and orderly swarm movement in dense environments featuring both static and dynamic obstacles. In this study, we propose an innovative, dynamically optimized flocking control framework that integrates an improved and tunable self-propelled flocking model with an enhanced dynamic particle swarm optimization (DPSO) algorithm. Our model incorporates pigeon-inspired obstacle gap selection based on a probability approach to optimize steering decisions. Moreover, we introduce the DPSO algorithm, which combines a collaboration-based particle swarm optimizer with fractional order velocity incorporated history-guided estimation. This hybrid algorithm dynamically determines the optimal set of control parameters to maintain the desired swarm state. Through numerical comparison experiments with state-of-the-art models, we demonstrate that our approach enhances the safety, synchronization, and efficiency of the swarm even within a limited visual field, without prior environmental information. These features bring the simulations closer to real-world experiments.

Modeling ocean distributions and abundances of natural- and hatchery-origin Chinook salmon stocks with integrated genetic and tagging data.

Considerable resources are spent to track fish movement in marine environments, often with the intent of estimating behavior, distribution, and abundance. Resulting data from these monitoring efforts, including tagging studies and genetic sampling, often can be siloed. For Pacific salmon in the Northeast Pacific Ocean, predominant data sources for fish monitoring are coded wire tags (CWTs) and genetic stock identification (GSI). Despite their complementary strengths and weaknesses in coverage and information content, the two data streams rarely have been integrated to inform Pacific salmon biology and management. Joint, or integrated, models can combine and contextualize multiple data sources in a single statistical framework to produce more robust estimates of fish populations. We introduce and fit a comprehensive joint model that integrates data from CWT recoveries and GSI sampling to inform the marine life history of Chinook salmon stocks at spatial and temporal scales relevant to ongoing fisheries management efforts. In a departure from similar models based primarily on CWT recoveries, modeled stocks in the new framework encompass both hatchery- and natural-origin fish. We specifically model the spatial distribution and marine abundance of four distinct stocks with spawning locations in California and southern Oregon, one of which is listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Using the joint model, we generated the most comprehensive estimates of marine distribution to date for all modeled Chinook salmon stocks, including historically data poor and low abundance stocks. Estimated marine distributions from the joint model were broadly similar to estimates from a simpler, CWT-only model but did suggest some differences in distribution in select seasons. Model output also included novel stock-, year-, and season-specific estimates of marine abundance. We observed and partially addressed several challenges in model convergence with the use of supplemental data sources and model constraints; similar difficulties are not unexpected with integrated modeling. We identify several options for improved data collection that could address issues in convergence and increase confidence in model estimates of abundance. We expect these model advances and results provide management-relevant biological insights, with the potential to inform future mixed-stock fisheries management efforts, as well as a foundation for more expansive and comprehensive analyses to follow.

Implementasi Kebijakan Gerakan Literasi Digital Dalam Meningkatkan Adaptasi Teknologi Di SMK Assalam Kecamatan Bantur Kabupaten Malang

The government through Minister of Education and Culture Regulation No. 23/2015 on Cultivating Budi Pekerti has established a School Literacy Movement (GLS) policy that includes digital literacy skills. This effort was made by the government to produce a young generation that is technologically proficient with the digital literacy movement in the school environment. In this research, the author wants to know the implementation of the digital literacy movement policy at SMK Assalam in Bantur sub-district. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method by analyzing and summarizing various data obtained through observations and interviews with factual conditions in the field. The results of the study show that the implementation of the digital literacy movement at SMK Assalam has been good so far. The success in its implementation is influenced by good communication between implementers and the openness of implementers in receiving new information. In addition, the school also has adequate infrastructure to support the success of digital literacy. Uneven internet access causes low awareness of students and guardians about the importance of technological skills in the world of education.

Coming in handy: CeTI-Age — A comprehensive database of kinematic hand movements across the lifespan

The Tactile Internet aims to advance human-human and human-machine interactions that also utilize hand movements in real, digitized, and remote environments. Attention to elderly generations is necessary to make the Tactile Internet age inclusive. We present the first age-representative kinematic database consisting of various hand gesturing and grasping movements at individualized paces, thus capturing naturalistic movements. We make this comprehensive database of kinematic hand movements across the adult lifespan (CeTI-Age-Kinematic-Hand) publicly available to facilitate a deeper understanding of intra-individual–focusing especially on age-related differences–and inter-individual variability in hand kinematics. The core of the database contains participants’ hand kinematics recorded with wearable resistive bend sensors, individual static 3D hand models, and all instructional videos used during the data acquisition. Sixty-three participants ranging from age 20 to 80 years performed six repetitions of 40 different naturalistic hand movements at individual paces. This unique database with data recorded from an adult lifespan sample can be used to advance machine-learning approaches in hand kinematic modeling and movement prediction for age-inclusive applications.

Directed transport of chiral active particles in transversal activity gradients

Active matter can perform different movements in various complex environments, where their self-propelled speed can be adjusted accordingly. Here we numerically investigate the motion of chiral active particles in a two-dimensional straight channel. The transversal activity gradients can produce the system asymmetry and induce the directed transport of chiral active particles. The direction of transport is completely controlled by the chirality of active particles. The average velocity is a peaked function of asymmetry parameter or channel width. Usually, the environment noises are harmful to the directed transport. However, an appropriate translational noise may be beneficial for the directed transport when the asymmetry parameter is large enough. Further, we demonstrate an effective scheme for chiral separation and find that the separation efficiency can reach 100%.

Formation of the Vector of Strategic Development of the Organization in Conditions of Risk and Uncertainty

Relevance. Close attention is paid to the issues of long-term development of economic entities. Obtaining results in a strategic perspective depends on the correctly chosen vector of the organization's movement in an unstable external environment, risk and uncertainty. In this regard, the problem of forming the vector of the organization's strategic development under conditions of risk and uncertainty requires its solution from a scientific and practical point of view, which confirms the relevance of conducting research on this topic. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the relevance of the stated topic and develop scientific and practical recommendations for the formation of the vector of strategic development of a particular organization (on the example of the organization of the tourism industry) under conditions of risk and uncertainty. Objectives: The tasks are defined by the subject of the study and involve substantiation of the relevance of forming the vector of strategic development of the organization under risk and uncertainty, conducting a strategic analysis of the industry and the external environment of the organization, identifying and assessing the risks of developing an economic entity, identifying and choosing strategic alternatives for the development of the organization in the context of forming the vector of strategic development of the organization in conditions of risk and uncertainty. Methodology. The research methodology involves the use of methods of empirical, statistical and comparative analysis, as well as methods of multi-criteria choice, game theory. Results: the relevance of the formation of the vector of strategic development of the organization under the conditions of risk and uncertainty is substantiated; a strategic analysis of the industry and the external environment of the organization was carried out; the risks of development of an economic entity were identified and assessed; a strategic alternative for the development of the organization was identified and selected in the context of the formation of the vector of strategic development of the organization under risk and uncertainty. Conclusions. The study substantiates the relevance of forming the vector of strategic development of a particular organization (on the example of the organization of the tourism industry) under conditions of risk and uncertainty, developed specific scientific and practical recommendations.

REVITALIZATION OF SPORTS HALL TUMENGGUNG ABDUL JAMAL BATAM WITH SUSTAINABLE BUILDING APPROACH

Sports organizations are receiving more and more requests to lessen the detrimental effects of venues and activities held on the environment as the green environment movement continues to spread quickly throughout the world. With the widespread appeal of professional sports across cultural divides, leading Teams' embrace of pro-environment activities also has the ability to spur good social change among fans and spectators. One of the best ways to revitalize a historic area is to give the buildings a new use in addition to their previous one. Redevelopment of a location that can enhance the area's functionality is referred to as revitalization. The goal is to raise the value of the land or location. The revitalization of Sports Hall Tumenggung Abdul Jamal aims to revive the image of Sports Hall with a Sustainable Architecture approach where buildings or assets will be maintained as the identity of the city and provide life activities that benefit the community so that economic value is obtained that ensures the building is maintained and the benefits of use can be felt by the wider community.

Controlling the motion of gas-lubricated adhesive disks using multiple vibration sources.

Robots capable of generating adhesion forces that can achieve free movement in application environments while overcoming their own gravity are a subject of interest for researchers. A robot with controllable adhesion could be useful in many engineered systems. Materials processing equipment, robots that climb walls, and pick-and-place machines are some examples. However, most adhesion methods either require a large energy supply system or are limited by the properties of the contact plane. For example, electromagnetic adhesion requires a ferromagnetic surface and pneumatic adhesion requires a flat surface. Furthermore, nearly all existing approaches are only used to generate adhesion forces and often require additional mechanisms to remove the adhesive component from the surface. In this study, we aimed to develop a simpler method of adhering to a surface while simultaneously moving in directions parallel to the surface, using multiple vibration sources to generate normal adhesion and propulsion. To test our approach, we constructed circular and elliptical models and conducted experiments with various inputs and model parameters. Our results show that such a gas-lubricated adhesive disk could achieve adhesive rotation and displacement in the plane without requiring any auxiliary operating system. Using only vibration sources, we were able to generate the necessary adhesion and propulsion forces to achieve the desired motion of the robot. This work represents a step towards the construction of a small-sized tetherless robot that can overcome gravity and move freely in a general environment.

Analisis Masalah Kesehatan di Kelurahan Asemrowo Kecamatan Asemrowo Kota Surabaya

This activity aims to identify and analyze health problems, develop program plans, implement and evaluate programs that have been implemented. Ex. Asemrowo has five problems based on the analysis of the data collected. These problems include open defecation, stunting, waste management, food and beverage management, and smoking in the house. The priority problem obtained from the ultrasound results is open defecation. To find the cause of the problem and alternative solutions, the metaplan method is carried out based on an epidemiological approach. The data obtained is processed using a problem tree to find the root of the problem. From the problem tree, the root of the problem is the poor habit of defecating, the absence of a septic tank and latrines at home. In addition, alternative solutions were generated in the form of outreach regarding the construction of a simple septic tank, triggering awareness of defecating in latrines, emo demonstrations related to latrines sanitation, community service, and provision of latrines. Next, an alternative solution was determined using the MEER method, and the Healthy Environment Movement program in Asemrowo (GELIS ASRO) was obtained as an alternative solution that was used as an intervention for open defecation control problems. Then the ASRO GELIS program was compiled. ASRO's GELIS program consists of two details of activities, namely PEMIKAHATI (Community Triggering for Healthy BABs, Ihiyyy) and HAI UJANG (Hello Work Community Service to Protect the Environment). PEMIKAHATI is a movement to invite the community to analyze their sanitation conditions through a triggering process so that the community can think and take action to leave their bad habits regarding open defecation. HAI UJANG is a community service to improve the environment of houses and rivers to improve the degree of environmental health and sanitation in Kel. Asemrowo.

Simple or simplistic? Sensitivity of an operating room CFD model to refinement and detailing

Indoor air quality is critical in healthcare facilities since it directly relates to infection risk, mainly in operating rooms (OR). Nowadays, air movement in such environments is often evaluated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. However, many users typically oversimplify their OR models by including only major equipment (such as operating tables and surgical lights) that do not require refined computational meshes. This work analyzes the sensitivity of CFD simulations to mesh refinement, air circulation layout, geometry detailing, placement of furniture and equipment, as well as the presence of the surgical staff in the OR. An OR of a Brazilian university hospital was modeled and validated with environmental parameters assessed in-loco. Results showed relative differences up to 375% in air velocity depending on mesh resolution. Including small furniture and changing the OR layout resulted in nine-fold differences in air velocity. Finally, modeling the surgical staff in the OR significantly interfered with air circulation patterns, preventing inflow from the polluted towards the clean and sterile zone. The present work demonstrates the alarming fact that even a validated, sound, but overly simple CFD model may be phenomenologically insufficient to assess real contamination risks in an OR — and, by extension, in other healthcare facilities. Therefore, detailed CFD models regarding the number of elements in the simulation mesh, the positioning and the operating condition of the ventilation system, the inclusion and detailing of furniture, and the presence of the surgical staff in the OR should be employed since early design stages.

An Ultra-Thin MXene Film for Multimodal Sensing of Neuroelectrical Signals with Artifacts Removal.

Neuroelectrical signals transmitted onto the skin tend to decay to an extremely weak level, making them highly susceptible to interference from the environment and body movement. Meanwhile, for comprehensively understanding cognitive nerve conduction, multimodal sensing of neural signals, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), is highly required. Previous metal or polymer conductors cannot either provide a seamless on-skin feature for accurate sensing of neuroelectrical signals or be compatible with multimodal imaging techniques without opto- and magnet- artifacts. Herein, a ≈20nm thick MXene film that is able to simultaneously detect electrophysiological signals and perform imaging by MRI and fNIRS with high fidelity is reported. The ultrathin film is made of crosslinked Ti3 C2 Tx film via poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS), showing a record high electroconductivity and transparency combination (11000Scm-1 @89%). Among them, PEDOT: PSS not only plays a cross-linking role to stabilize MXene film but also shortens the interlayer distance for effective charge transfer and high transparency. Thus, it can achieve a low interfacial impedance with skin or neural surfaces for accurate recording of electrophysiological signals with low motion artifacts. Besides, the high transparency originating from the ultrathin feature leads to good compatibility with fNIRS and MRI without optical and magnetic artifacts, enabling multimodal cognitive neural monitoring during prolonged use.

Long-Jawed Spider Moves across Water with and without the Use of Silk

Among spiders, movement in aquatic environments, including below the water’s surface or on the surface film, is completed using a variety of techniques that do not involve the use of silk, including swimming, walking, and rowing. The use of silk to assist with aquatic locomotion has been explored only to a limited extent. In this study, we report on observations of a long-jawed spider (Family: Tetragnathidae) from Australia, Tetragnatha nitens, moving across the surface film in two different manners, one of which involves the use of silk. The first observation was of a female T. nitens walking across the water’s surface when prompted by a predation attempt: the spider used its front three pairs of legs for propulsion while the back pair remained motionless on the water, likely for stabilization. The second observation featured a male T. nitens utilizing a silk line to reel itself towards emergent vegetation while gliding across the water. Our findings support work on other long-jawed spiders, revealing that individual species can exploit several strategies for moving across water, including those that involve the use of silk. This study sheds light on the remarkable adaptability of spider silk and its potential use in aquatic systems.