Economic Movement Research Articles

Assessing the Effect of Stagnant Business Cycles on Risk and Uncertainty in the Stock Markets of Less Developed Countries

The economic movement of countries is not uniform and stable over time and always fluctuates around the long-term growth trend and creates a business cycle meanwhile, the capital market as a backward variable is affected by economic fluctuations therefore, in this research, the issue is looked at from the perspective that¸ can the business cycle of recession be considered as a leading variable in the occurrence and formation of risk and uncertainty in the stock market of countries? To answer this question, first a meta-analysis method and based on the research background, a model of stock market uncertainty was specified In which the growth rate variance of S&P index, which was calculated by GARCH technique, was used as a variable of risk and uncertainty in the stock market of countries, and the HP method was used to calculate business cycles. Balanced data panel technique was used to estimate the model. Which include the fundamental variables of monetary policy (supply of bank credit), fiscal policy (average tax rate), nominal interest rate, capital market size, technical progress variable and stagnant business cycle. The statistical sample of the study includes 14 less developed countries. Less developed countries are defined in terms of their per capita income and in terms of the division of countries in the UN statistical report. The statistics of time series are annual and are related to the time period of 2001-2018. The research findings that were calculated jointly confirmed the effect of the variables in the model ¸it also showed that stagnant cycles as expected have a positive effect on the reduction of risk in the stock market. Classification: JEL E32, G100.

“Students find corporate reforms absurd”: Bryn Mawr Student’s Mobilization for Divestment from Apartheid South Africa

In 1986, Bryn Mawr College’s endowment held $8 million or 8.33% of its $96 million endowment in investments tied to Apartheid in South Africa. In line with other major US institutions who believed they must act moral in the face of violent and exploitative system of racial discrimination, the Board of Trustees, the governing body that oversees college operations and finances, proposed a plan in 1985 to divest from subsidiaries of their stock in South Africa if Apartheid was still in place 24 months later in 1987. This came at the tail end of the international movement to oppose and end Apartheid through economic pressures. Bryn Mawr students would reject this plan, occupying buildings and mobilizing campus to disrupt Board meetings. Students said they would not rest until full divestment. Their movement held a shared commitment to ending Apartheid in South Africa and to ending racism in the United States. This paper narrates how the social and economic movements against Apartheid panned out at Bryn Mawr College in the 1980s. Based on my original primary source research at Bryn Mawr and Haverford Colleges’ special collections, I uncover the tactics and frameworks of the student movement to divest as well as the college’s response. Inevitably, the administration took partial measures to accommodate some of the demands of the student movement for divestment. The nexus between the student movement for divestment and the college administration took new heights in 1986. In this year, the students rejected the college’s newly presented plan for divestment, as they understood it as a mere palliative measure in the face of the violence and racism of Apartheid. To understand the student zeitgeist at the time , I illuminate the historical context of the movement against Apartheid by situating it in relation to the preceding anti-War and Civil Rights movements. The later era of activism precipitated into the New Left movement, which was a radical student movement grounded in ideas of political and economic democracy. I provide readers with a primer on the foundations of ethical investment in South Africa. The college’s plan embodied the corporate responsibility ethos of the 80s, which sought to maintain capitalism and pacify very popular alternatives through modest reforms. These principles undergirded Bryn Mawr College’s eventual divestment strategy, which sought to maintain profit and to make a statement about their opposition to the political system of Apartheid. To make this argument, I draw on archival discussions of corporate responsibility politics and the theory of change they espouse which forwarded reform through pressuring the companies they held stock in. I engage in an analysis of discourses emerging from a school-sponsored trip to South Africa in the winter of 1986, which was dubbed a “Peace Mission Fact Finding Trip.” This analysis is essential to understanding student and faculty perspectives, as there was not a consensus on the subject. In the end, Bryn Mawr adopted a divestment plan that was in the name of corporate responsibility. They wrote letters to the corporations they held stock in who had subsidiaries in South Africa, and asked what they were going to do to end Apartheid. The school sold $651,558 in 1986 of stock from the 5 companies, a mere 0.67% of the total endowment.

Entrepreneurial Marketing Analysis using Swot Analysis Method (Case Study of MSMEs Warung Tegal Embu – Kedungwaringin District, Bekasi Regency)

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are a form of small and medium scale economic movement carried out by individuals independently in society, MSMEs role an important role in turning the wheels of the community’s economy, innovation in food products that have regional flavors is unique in its own right. There is widespread business competition in the culinary sector, one of which is food stalls from the Tegal – Central Java area which are often called warteg, this term has developed and has become its own attraction and has become a characteristic of the existence of these food stalls, despite the business competition. strictly requires innovation and improvement in marketing and service quality in order to increase sales and be able to compete in the food business. The purpose of this research is to determine the biggest opportunities that can be exploited to develop and compete in business and to find effective marketing strategies. To achieve this goal, researchers use the SWOT Analysis method which can analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats that exist in the business, from the analysis carried out. The results obtained in the form of advantages that can be utilized by Warung Tegal Embu MSME entrepreneurs lie in Strength or power. So from these results it is hoped that entrepreneurs can take advantage of the advantages they have to achieve goals and solve problems faced by entrepreneurs.

An Alternative View for Economic Growth a Study on 15 Countries for 2 Decades

By using data panel of 15 countries over 2 decades of sampling, this study try to elaborate the relation of Purchase Power Parity, Gross Domestic Product, and Consumer Price Index with quantitative approach. The result of the study, conclude that GDP had an unsignificat negative impact to the PPP, while CPI had a significant negative impact to PPP. This study also discovering that, on the dynamic economic movement GDP did not represent the economic power of a nation, PPP did it better.

China And America’s Trade War on Clean Energy Revolution: Taking Electric Vehicle Industry as An Example

This paper is based on several backgrounds. The first one is the increasingly severe global climate crisis and the imperative global green energy revolution. The second one is China’s ambitious Belt and Road Initiative which has been put into efforts since 2013 in order to “create more opportunities for common development on the principle of extensive consultation and joint contribution and for the commonwealth of the world” (proposed by Xi Jinping, on a meeting with Emmanuel Macron and Angela Merkel on July 15, 2021) and America’s countermeasures against China’s economic movement. The research focuses on the electric vehicle industry area that clearly shows the tendency of global green energy revolution, the innovations and the complex geopolitical situation and conflicts of countries on this rising industry. To get into the topic, 2 specific examples: The cobalt (a vital resource in the EV industry) mining industry in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and Tesla’s global strategy and its factory in Shanghai. This research will also talk about the orientation of the new technologies in the electric vehicle industry and how it is going to reshape the industry and their geopolitical impact on the world. This research mainly uses the method of literature research. The paper focuses on collecting and analyzing the facts and data of the industry, different perspectives and viewpoints from different stakeholders (mainly the US and China) and the developing situation of the geopolitical environment in the nowadays world.

Marketing Communication Strategy Of Bengkulu Provincial Government Towards Tabut Festival As An International Event

The tourism sector is currently starting to grow again after experiencing a crisis that occurred due to the Covid-19 Pandemic that occurred almost all over the world. This development is utilized by the Bengkulu Provincial Government to develop tourism owned by Bengkulu by holding the 2023 Ark Festival. Unlike the Tabut Festival in previous years, the Bengkulu Provincial Government currently has a strategy to move towards the Tabut Festival as an international event. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods with data collection through in-depth interviews and literature studies. Therefore, it can be explained that based on segmentation, the Bengkulu Provincial Tourism Office targets local visitors in areas near Bengkulu Province, namely West Sumatra, South Sumatra, Jambi and Lampung. As for international visitors, the target is ASEAN members, Middle Eastern countries and Europe. The visitor target for the 2023 Tabut Festival is 150,000 both internationally and nationally. For now, social media is the priority media in promoting the Festival Tabut. The theme used is’ Keramaian Asli Bengkulu’. This theme is expected to be an attraction for visitors and be able to attract economic movements in Bengkulu Province. However, the obstacle felt by the Tourism Office is the limited media used and the human resources it has. Therefore, to go to the International Event still needs more careful preparation for next year, especially on promotional media and human resources at the Bengkulu City Tourism Office.

The Role Of The Altman Z-Score Method To Predicate The Bankruptcy Of KUD Sumber Wangi Pamekasan

To meet the needs of life, the community relies on the KUD whose aim is to ensure the needs and welfare of the community with a people's economic movement based on people's and kinship. In its development, KUD also experienced difficulties in developing its business caused by: 1. Lack of understanding of cooperatives, resulting in misunderstandings; 2. Macro and political approach in cooperative development. The purpose of this study is to analyze the KUD whose condition is not good as an evaluation material and take the right strategy to improve future conditions. The research method is descriptive quantitative. The analysis tool uses the altman z-score method. The results showed that the KUD condition was in a safe position in 2017 to 2021 even though in 2019 it was in a gray area due to the covid period in that year which resulted in KUD having to work hard to improve its performance at that time

Keterlibatan Perempuan dalam Ekonomi Hijau Guna Mendukung Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional

The concept of Green Economy as a government’s attempt in the recovery of national economy and reducing the damage of natural environment, have to be supported by all people. In this case, women’s role to participate in Green Economy can be measured by two aspects that are the planting movement to take care of nature as well as waste processing and creative recycling in order to maintain a clean environment, also to lessen waste producing. This article is meant to give a picture regarding implementation of the Green Economy movement that can be improved by society. The method used in this qualitative research is the Descriptive Research Method. Activity of Green Economy that’s been conducted by the key persons and their group have the chance to achieve financial gain that can affect sustainability of family economy, community, also support recovery of national economy.

Legal Analysis in Mitigating Environmental Impacts Due to Coal Mining in Batanghari Regency, Jambi Province

Jambi Province is one of the provinces in Indonesia with natural mining wealth which contains many natural resource reserves. The processing of these natural resources has the potential to be managed as an energy source very well, such as the natural resources contained in it are coal. one of the areas in Kotoboyo village, Dalam subdistrict XXIV, Batanghari Regency, Jambi Province, is one of the largest coal producing areas in Indonesia, this area has been very productive in recent years, several coal mining companies have been located in the area, this does not necessarily mean that This means that the results of coal reserves can have a positive impact on the people who live in the surrounding area. In fact, there tends to be no visible environmental impact on the community. The mining activity process around the mine still uses national public road access, causing traffic jams that last for kilometers and disrupt traffic. crossing public roads in local communities, the Central, Regional Government and the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources should firmly work together to face the polemics that occur in the community as quickly as possible to provide solutions so that special road access to reduce the massive mobility of coal mining movements can be realized immediately for the prosperity of the community's economic movement.

PKM Pengembangan Koperasi Desa Bonto Mangngiring Kecamatan Bulukumpa Kabupaten Bulukumba

Community Service Activities (PkM) is one part of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education which must be carried out by the academic community, especially teaching staff. Service with the title PKM DEVELOPMENT OF BONTOTIRO VILLAGE COOPERATIVE BULUKUMBA DISTRICT.PKM activities are carried out to increase participants' skills, abilities and knowledge in solving problems that occur in their environment.
 This community service aims to provide understanding to the community, especially the Islamic boarding school environment, regarding how to develop a cooperative as a basis for increasing the use of cooperatives as business entities as well as as a people's economic movement that is tough, strong, independent and superior as an economic actor that mobilizes the economic capabilities of the people in the area. national economy.

The Impact of the Trickle Down Effect on the Program "Kampung Perikanan Budidaya" of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries on The Level of Community Welfare in Sebatuan Village Pemangkat District Sambas Regency

This study aims to describe and analyze the impact of the trickle down effect of the program ”Kampung Perikanan Budidaya” in Sebatuan Village, Pemangkat District, Sambas Regency. Sebatuan Village, Pemangkat Subdistrict, Sambas Regency has a huge potential of marine and fisheries resources with a beach of approximately 60 Km and ponds covering an area of approximately 10,329 Ha, with a total of 10 (ten) ponds spread across 4 (four) hamlets of Sebatuan village. However, it did not have an impact on improving welfare and reducing poverty rates because until 2023 the number of poor people in Sebatuan village still amounted to 67%. The results showed that in general the program ”Kampung Perikanan Budidaya” is considered appropriate because it refers to an aquaculture program that can avoid fish extinction. However, homogenizing one type of fish in one village limits the potential of fish farming that can be developed. The existence of the program ”Kampung Perikanan Budidaya”in Sebatuan Village can increase the income of farmers, but it is inversely proportional to the income and welfare of the community as the location of aquaculture because instead of realizing local economic improvement and creating new economic sources in the fisheries sector in the local area, the program has the potential to cause new problems and conflicts for fish farmers with the surrounding community. Environmental analysis shows that environmental damage occurs due to the entry of aquaculture businesses in the form of waste generated from the process of cultivation activities affecting water quality. Based on these findings to minimize environmental damage, it is expected that the use of chemicals: such as antibiotics and pesticides is done in minimal quantities. It is expected that there is synergy between pond entrepreneurs and the surrounding community in realizing the aquaculture village as a trigger in the economic movement in the village, so that the development of the trickle down effect model can be a new role model for the success of empowerment programs.

Systemic alternatives and the Buen Vivir: recognizing confluences

This article aims to contextualize the Buen Vivir in the universe of systemic alternatives under debate in the world and to point out confluences and complementarities between them, through a narrative literature review. To do so, initially, it presents the elements and foundations of the Buen Vivir, built from epistemology and ontology anchored in the "anti-imperial South" and based on the axes of Coloniality - which is opposed to Eurocentrism and racism - of the Rights of Nature - raised to the level of Human Rights - and State Reform - conducted from the emancipatory perspective of social movements and traditional peoples -, and indicates the incidence of these axes in the debate on development. It then demonstrates how the practices instituted by Coloniality organized the planet, structured global power, and constituted the crises we are experiencing - environmental, economic, social, geopolitical, institutional, and civilizational. Finally, it lists and characterizes political and economic movements - degrowth, ecofeminism, Mother Earth's rights, commons, deglobalization, ecosocialism, food sovereignty, solidarity economy, and ubuntu - alternatives to the hegemonic development model, to sensitize those interested in a new world order, inclusive, egalitarian and respectful of human rights and nature, for the necessary articulation and integration of theories and practices contrary to the methods and objectives of extractivism, financism, patriarchy, racism, consumerism, and warmongering

ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN ALAT BERAT TERHADAP WAKTU DAN BIAYA (STUDI KASUS : PROYEK JALAN RAYA BABATBOJONEGORO KM 72-73)

Roads are infrastructure built by the government to facilitate regional development so that they become assets that must be managed and function optimally. The transportation infrastructure and facilities system as a basic infrastructure is a prerequisite for the economic movement of the region, where the supporting system and transportation infrastructure drivers play a major role in the efficiency and effectiveness of regional economic activities. The purpose of this study is to determine the time and cost of using heavy equipment used in Babat-Bojonegoro Highway Project KM 72-73 completion on paving work. 
 This research uses the work capacity analysis method, namely by calculating data to find the working capacity of the heavy equipment used, as a basis for calculating the time and cost required for heavy equipment in the implementation of paving work. 
 From the analysis of the time required by heavy equipment in paving work with a volume of 3612 tons / m3 is 167,5 hours or 24 days. For the total cost of heavy equipment analyzed in paving work amounting to Rp. 405.486.106.

The Green Economic Movement for Sustainable Development and The Role of Green Governance: A Study in Villages in Bali

Community The focus of the research problem is whether green governance has a significant role in its linkage to the green economy and sustainable development. Therefore, this study aims to examine the impact of green economy on Village SDGs, and empirically prove the role of green governance as a mediator in the relationship between green economy and the achievement of Village SDGs. The research method used is a quantitative approach through a type of survey research. The subjects of the study involved 636 village heads throughout Bali Province. Data analysis was carried out using factor analysis methods. The results showed that the green economy has a significant positive effect on the achievement of Village SDGs. Furthermore, the mediating role of green governance on the impact of the green economy is empirically proven. The main contribution of this research is to develop village government policies that focus on green behavior and environmental concern to realize the success of Village SDGs. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of village government awareness of the concept of green economy, which needs to be integrated with the vision and mission of village government.

The China-Pakistan economic corridor boosted tourism industry in pakistan and digitalization of society


 
 
 
 The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a massive undertaking worth more than $ 55 billion, as a result of which the proportionate relationship between Pakistan and China has reached new heights. CPEC should seek to build partnerships between Pakistan and the associations of roads, railway lines, and oil pipelines associated with energy, power, and other systems to ensure a lack of important energy to enhance the advance related to money in Pakistan. CPEC is a lucrative opportunity for Pakistan's moving industry. The CPEC is widely regarded as beneficial to Pakistan's transportation and tourism industries. Through improved structure and transportation, the formation of special currency zones, increased trade movement, and increased trade and trade, the CPEC will alter Pakistan's monetary and trading environment. It relies on individuals from both countries for crucial benefits through the CPEC because it is a tireless attempt with a sane and smooth finish. The main motivation behind this post is to gain knowledge in the advancement of normal appreciation of China's impetus for the revival of the Silk Road, as well as the benefits and challenges for economic movement that the CPEC can bring to border countries, especially Pakistan. An especially original duty will provide us a lot of room to dramatically foster various inventive hotbeds to undermine the idea of organizations and the overall travelers experience in these new traveler places.
 
 
 

Institutions as Instruments of Social Welfare

Since the emergence of New Institutional Economics movement, the study of institutions have regained prominence in the field of economic studies. There are three main tenets of institutional economics. First, institutions matter when it comes determining outcomes by guiding interaction among the members of the society. Second, there is a definite link between the welfare of a society and the institutional arrangements that are prevalent there. Basically, institutions act as instruments of welfare. Third, it has been observed that not all institutional arrangements work. Some institutions have performed better than others. The question that this paper tries to address are what is the exact procedure through which institutions improve welfare and why certain institutions work and others do not. With the help of a hypothetical example of an uncertain situation the process of institutions is described. A formal model of the process is then developed which is used to derive efficiency conditions for any institution.

Full utilization of the yellow passion fruit peel: Chemical characterization and valorization to reduce biomass waste

The yellow passion fruit is a well-known fruit worldwide and Brazil is one of its largest producers, mainly of the juice generated from the pulp. This production feeds thousands of people every year and contributes to a significant portion of the country's economic movement. Regarding this production, large amounts of waste are generated from the disposal of passion fruit peels, which causes serious environmental problems. The objective of the present study was to chemically characterize the yellow passion fruit peel before (flour) and after (residue) pectin extraction. Acid extraction of pectin, acid hydrolysis of flour and analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were carried out to obtain the chemical content of the yellow passion fruit peel. The results showed that the mass balance of yellow passion fruit flour is close to 100% and has significant amounts of cellulose and hemicellulose (around 50% and 20% respectively), which can be used for several purposes. Furthermore, the residue generated (after pectin extraction) also presents cellulose (13%) and hemicellulose (1%), confirming the excellent nutritional value of the whole biomass. Additionally, the amount of pectin found in the present work places the yellow passion fruit as an important source of this polysaccharide and directs it to the industrial use of compounds that require a gelling structure in the composition of the product. Therefore, the present study represents an important starting point for the use of the chemical content of yellow passion fruit residues to produce several compounds of industrial interest, as well as the minimization of the environmental damage that occurs with the disposal of the peels.

ANALISIS TATA KELOLA DALAM PENINGKATAN KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI KELAPA SAWIT (Studi Pada Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD) Makmur Rezeki di Desa Bulian Jaya Kab. Batang Hari)

Cooperatives are a people's economic movement whose all activities are based on the family principle. Governance is a structure and process in determining the direction and supervision of the company. This thesis aims to determine the governance of the Makmur Rezeki Village Unit Cooperative in its efforts to improve the welfare of oil palm smallholders, and the obstacles faced by the Makmur Rezeki Village Unit Cooperative. This research is a qualitative research, collecting data by means of interviews, observation and documentation. Informants in this study were administrators, employees and members of KUD Makmur Rezeki. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded: The Makmur Rezeki Village Unit Cooperative has made good efforts in maximizing the governance of implementation transparancy, akuntability, responsibility, indepedency, and fairness by providing good service, developing cooperatives, placing employees according to their portions, disclosing information and providing training to members. KUD Makmur Rezeki's efforts to improve the welfare of its members by buying oil palm fruit at relatively high prices, providing agricultural medicines, providing production facilities and providing a savings and loan business. The Makmur Rezeki Village Unit Cooperative has constraints in improving the welfare of cooperative members who come from within and outside the cooperative itself. KUD Makmur Rezeki should try to maximize governance by holding training and coaching for members and administrators of the Makmur Rezeki Village Cooperative Unit, holding outreach to members so they understand more about cooperatives.

Developing Islamic Economics Research Opportunities: An Analysis from Admittance-Seeking Social Movement Theory Perspective

This research aims to determine a new research topic for Islamic economics based on the evolution of the admittance-seeking social movement (ASSM) theory. The evolution of the admittance-seeking social movement (ASSM) theory, which lasted for 35 years, started from strategic management science before spreading to other fields. Therefore, it is prospective to analyze its development and determine the right research opportunities utilized by Islamic economics. The bibliometric analysis was used in this research to describe the characteristics of its development while content analysis was used to determine the research opportunities for future Islamic economics. This research is useful for Islamic economics academics by showing new research topics for scientific advancement. The result shows that there were three main research topics namely assessing the field, research mapping, and Islamic economic movement. This study also offers future research questions derived from each research topic. Based on the authors' knowledge, this is the first research carried out to analyze the ASSM theory development and show research opportunities for Islamic economics based on the evolution of ASSM theory.

Reflections on Economics Education in China and Suggestions for Its Reform

Abstract Although the current economics education system in universities in China differs from developed Western countries, China has been deliberately emulating the economics education system in the West over the past two decades, a system that has been repeatedly criticized by international movements such as the “Post-Autistic Economics Movement” and the “International Student Initiative for Pluralism in Economics.” This article argues that the dominant position of mainstream Western economics in Chinese higher education contradicts the scientific principles of pluralism and does not align with China’s national conditions and the necessity for the development of a philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics. Based on the proposals put forward by faculty and students involved in the international movement for the reform of economics education over the past 22 years, this article recommends reforms to address the major weaknesses of economics education in China. The reforms address ten areas for improvement, including the overall goals of pluralism in economics education, curriculum design, teaching methods, an independent academic evaluation system, faculty development, and the evaluation of academic disciplines. The purpose of these reforms is to destabilize the dominant position of mainstream Western economics in higher education in China and gradually establish a new economics education system with a curriculum based on a plurality of approaches, a variety of critical pedagogies, and a methodology of problem-based learning.