Mott-Schottky Tests Research Articles

Effect of Ce on the pitting corrosion resistance of non-equiatomic high-entropy alloy Fe40Mn20Cr20Ni20 in 3.5wt% NaCl solution

This study focuses on the corrosion resistance of non-equiatomic Fe 40 Mn 20 Cr 20 Ni 20 high entropy alloys (HEAs) with addition of various cerium (Ce) concentrations in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The results of potentiodynamic polarization tests demonstrated that cerium can improve the pitting resistance of the HEAs in a considerable manner. Notably, the critical pitting potential ( E pit ) of samples increased dramatically with the addition of cerium, from − 58 mV SCE without cerium to + 265 mV SCE with 0.15 at% cerium in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. Further the potentiodynamic polarization measures suggested that the impact of cerium addition on the pitting resistance of Fe 40 Mn 20 Cr 20 Ni 20 HEAs is not sensible to the salt concentration. In addition, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Mott-Schottky tests showed that the addition of rare earth cerium led to the increase of the passive film thickness and the reduction of the donor density in the passive film, which partly accounts for the observed enhanced pitting resistance of the HEAs. • Adding cerium can effectively improve the pitting resistance of Fe 40 Mn 20 Cr 20 Ni 20 HEAs. • The thickness of passive film formed on the HEAs increase with addition of cerium. • The passive film formed on the HEAs with cerium is more protective than Ce-free HEAs.

Nanocrystalline TaCN coated titanium bipolar plate dedicated to proton exchange membrane fuel cell

To promote the corrosion resistance and surface conductivity of metal bipolar plates (BP) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), a TaCN nanoceramic coating with TaN and TaC dual phase structures was engineered onto a commercially pure titanium substrate employing the double cathode glow discharge plasma (DCGDP) technique. The as-prepared TaCN coating was well-adhered to the substrate with a thickness of ∼16.5 μm. The coating exhibited a microstructure comprising equiaxed grains with an average size of ∼10.3 nm. The electrochemical behavior of the TaCN coating was evaluated in a simulated PEMFC environment containing various HF concentrations. Open circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiostatic polarization, and Mott-Schottky tests showed that the addition of HF enhanced the corrosion rate of both the Ti substrate and the TaCN coating. Nevertheless, the TaCN coating exhibited improved corrosion potential, lower corrosion current density and larger resistance than that of Ti for all HF concentrations. The Hilbert-Huang and corrosion morphology analysis indicated that the TaCN coating maintained a passive state with increasing HF concentration. First-principle calculations investigated the adsorption capacity of the F− ions on the passive film on the TaCN coating. Furthermore, the TaCN coating possesses desirable interfacial contact resistance (ICR) (about 10 mΩ cm2 under a compressive force of 140 N cm−2) and outstanding hydrophobicity (92.9° ± 2°). Overall, the TaCN coating, which can deliver appreciable enhancement relative to the performance of titanium, represents an extremely competitive candidate as a protective coating for bipolar plates.

Influence of Zn(NO3)2 concentration during the ZnO electrodeposition on TiO2 nanosponges used in photoelectrochemical applications

TiO2/ZnO hybrid nanostructures were formed by electrochemical anodization of titanium and subsequently ZnO electrodeposition. Different Zn(NO3)2 concentrations were used for electrodeposition (10–60 mM). A structural, morphological, and compositional characterisation was performed using FE-SEM, TEM, AFM, XRD, UV–Visible spectroscopy, and band gap measurements. It was reported that the morphology of the nanostructures changed with the Zn(NO3)2 concentration. Nanosponges were observed for concentrations from 10 mM to 30 mM whereas at 40 mM the morphology changed to well-defined ZnO hexagonal nanorods. At 50 mM a surface covered by ZnO with undefined rods could be seen and, at 60 mM, a morphology of nanoplatelets was observed. Besides, as Zn(NO3)2 concentration increased, the ZnO amount, the roughness, and the ZnO crystalline size also increased, while the band gap decreased. Electrochemical characterisation of nanostructures was performed by water splitting, stability to photocorrosion, EIS, and Mott-Schottky tests. The optimal samples were TiO2/ZnO hybrid nanostructures electrodeposited with 30 mM Zn(NO3)2, since they were stable against photocorrosion and, compared to TiO2 nanosponges, showed an increase in photoelectrochemical activity of 204%, a lower resistance to charge transfer, and a higher donor density. Overall, the most efficient samples presented an intermediate Zn-loading because of a maximization of the TiO2–ZnO interaction and the prevention of the formation of non-interacting ZnO structures.

Effect of Cavitation Intensity on the Cavitation Erosion Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel in 3.5 wt.% NaCl Solution

In this study, the cavitation erosion behavior of 316L stainless steel under different cavitation intensities in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was investigated with scanning electron microscopy and various electrochemical tests. Results indicated that cavitation intensity corresponding to CE amplitude of 5 μm was lower than that of the mechanical bearing capacity of passive films. When subjected to cavitation erosion (CE), Open circuit potential (OCP) shifted to the noble direction instantaneously, which was mainly attributed to enhanced oxygen transfer of the cathode due to stirring effects of CE. By contrast, high cavitation intensities corresponding to CE amplitudes of 25 μm and 55 μm exceeded the mechanical bearing capacity of passive films, causing significantly reduced OCP associated with metal dissolution of the anode from mechanical damage. Potentiostatic polarization and Mott–Schottky tests showed that 316L SS subjected to low cavitation intensities displayed good repassivation properties. However, repassivation performance was markedly weakened when high cavitation intensity was applied, resulting in weaker protection of the passive films with high carrier density.

Electronic Structure Modulation in MoO2 /MoP Heterostructure to Induce Fast Electronic/Ionic Diffusion Kinetics for Lithium Storage.

Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are considered as the prospective anode materials in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, the disadvantages, including large volume variation and poor electrical conductivity, obstruct these materials to meet the needs of practical application. Well‐designed mesoporous nanostructures and electronic structure modulation can enhance the electron/Li‐ions diffusion kinetics. Herein, a unique mesoporous molybdenum dioxide/molybdenum phosphide heterostructure nanobelts (meso‐MoO2/MoP‐NBs) composed of uniform nanoparticles is obtained by one‐step phosphorization process. The Mott–Schottky tests and density functional theory calculations demonstrated that meso‐MoO2/MoP‐NBs possesses superior electronic conductivity. The detailed lithium storage mechanism (solid solution reaction for MoP and partial conversion for MoO2), small change ratio of crystal structure and fast electronic/ionic diffusion behavior of meso‐MoO2/MoP‐NBs are systematically investigated by operando X‐ray diffraction, ex situ transmission electron microscopy, and kinetic analysis. Benefiting from the synergistic effects, the meso‐MoO2/MoP‐NBs displays a remarkable cycling performance (515 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 1 A g−1) and excellent rate capability (291 mAh g−1 at 8 A g−1). These findings can shed light on the behavior of the electron/ion regulation in heterostructures and provide a potential route to develop high‐performance lithium‐ion storage materials.

Anchoring Fe2O3 nanosheets on NiO nanoprisms to regulate the electronic properties for improved n-butanol detection

Metal oxide heterostructures have great potential in gas sensor devices due to the attractive chemical and electronic properties at the heterogeneous interfaces. Herein, a unique heterostructure of NiO nanoprisms/Fe2O3 nanosheets is rationally designed by a solution method for use in n-butanol sensors with superior performances. Mott-Schottky tests reveal that the conductivity of the NiO sensor transforms from p-type to n-type after growing Fe2O3. This conversion of conductivity plays a crucial role in improving the sensor response, which overcomes the low response of p-type metal oxides. The sensor shows good linear response within the concentration range of 0.1–20 ppm n-butanol under operating temperatures (Room Temperature-320 °C). Gas sensing investigations show the sensor based on NiO/Fe2O3 has a response of 4.2–10 ppm n-butanol at an optimal temperature of 200 °C, revealing a 3-time enhancement compared to pure NiO. Meanwhile the NiO/Fe2O3 sensor exhibits a detection limit of 48 ppb, which is much lower than that (296 ppb) of NiO. The proposed structural design in this work provides a new idea for synthesis of high-performance sensing materials for the detection of ppb-level n-butanol.

Corrosion Behavior of FeNiCrMoSiC Laser Cladding Coatings with Different Addition of Ni Content in Acidic Environment

Three FeNiCrMoSiC laser cladding coatings with different Ni content were deposited on AISI 4130 substrate. The electrochemical corrosion behavior of three FeNiCrMoSiC coatings in 0.5 mol/L HCl solution was investigated by the polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Mott-Schottky tests were employed to evaluate the passive film on the coating surface to investigate the passivation stability mechanism of the coating in hydrochloric acid. Potentiodynamic polarization results show that the FeNiCrMoSiC coatings shown superior corrosion resistance than the AISI 4130 substrate, demonstrated by lower corrosion current density and higher corrosion potential. With the increase of Ni concentration, the content of austenite γ-Fe phase increased, whilst the volume of ferrite α-Fe phase decreased, and the corrosion resistance of FeNiCrMoSiC coatings also increased. The main reason for the excellent corrosion resistance of the coating is the barrier effect of bilayer oxide passive film, which is difficult to dissolve in acid and can effectively slow down the penetration of corrosive ions in hydrochloric acid solution on the coating surface.

Innovative synthesis of a novel ZnO/ZnBi2O4/graphene ternary heterojunction nanocomposite photocatalyst in the presence of tragacanth mucilage as natural surfactant

Developing interfacial connections is one of the breakthrough strategies to improve the photocatalytic activity of graphene/p-n heterojunction systems. Herein, natural tragacanth mucilage, for the first time, was employed as cost-effective and ecofriendly surfactant to prepare highly efficient ZnO–ZnBi2O4/graphene hybrid photocatalyst. The results indicated that the methylene blue (MB) photocatalytic degradation efficiency of ZnO–ZnBi2O4/graphene-mucilage heterojunction, containing 10 wt% ZnBi2O4 and 1 wt% graphene, was ∼1.2, 1.4, 3.1 and 8.3 times higher than that of ZnO–ZnBi2O4/graphene, ZnO–ZnBi2O4, ZnBi2O4 and ZnO samples, respectively. This significant improvement in the photocatalytic performance could be mainly ascribed to the desirable advantages of using natural mucilage as surfactant, including uniform distribution of ZnO–ZnBi2O4 nanoparticles on the surface of graphene sheets, increasing of the effective surface area, and improving of the charge carriers separation. Based on the trapping experiments, electron spin resonance and photoelectrochemical Mott-Schottky tests, direct Z-Scheme charge transfer mechanism with hydroxyl radicals as main active species was suggested for photocatalytic degradation of MB on the ZnO–ZnBi2O4/graphene-mucilage nanocomposite. This study provides a new insight to fabricate more homogeneous and close contact interfaces in graphene-based hybrid photocatalytic systems for environmental remediation.

Enormous Promotion of Photocatalytic Activity through the Use of Near-Single Layer Covalent Organic Frameworks

Enormous Promotion of Photocatalytic Activity through the Use of Near-Single Layer Covalent Organic Frameworks

Plasma electrolytic oxidation of copper in an aluminate based electrolyte with the respective additives of Na3PO4, NaH2PO4 and NaH2PO2

Plasma electrolytic oxidation of copper is first investigated in an aluminate-based electrolyte using trisodium phosphate (TP), sodium dihydrogen phosphate (DP) and sodium hypophosphite (HP), respectively, as additives. Black coatings can be successfully formed in the electrolytes of DP and HP. Detailed characterizations show that an initial thin layer of aluminum phosphate and alumina (AAP) was formed on cooper in DP electrolyte, which helps the fast establishment of plasma discharges, leading to successful coating formation. The AAP layer also formed in the electrolyte with TP as additive, but the AAP layer may be too thin to ensure stable plasma discharges. The coating formation mechanism is drastically different in HP: pitting corrosion along with loose Cu(OH)2 deposition occurs at initial stage, which may be a dual effect of local acidification and the destruction of the passive layer by the reducing hypophosphite ions. However, the deposited Cu(OH)2 and the subsequent formation of AAP layer may re-passivate the copper surface and provide an insulating layer for plasma discharging and coating formation. Optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and Mott-Schottky tests have also been used to investigate the features of plasma discharges and the semiconductor properties of the coatings, respectively.

Corrosion resistance and conductivity of amorphous carbon coated SS316L and TA2 bipolar plates in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells

Metal bipolar plates (BPs) typically corrode and form a high-resistivity passivation film in the environment of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Surface modification is urgently needed to improve the corrosion resistance and surface conductivity of metal BPs, and their performance is typically closely related to the substrate type and coating characteristics. In this work, the commonly used metal BP substrates SS316L and Grade 2 Titanium (TA2) were selected, and an amorphous carbon (α-C) film was prepared using DC balanced magnetron sputtering. The passivation film defect density and corrosion resistance of SS316L and TA2 were analyzed by electrochemical and Mott–Schottky tests. The influence of the type of substrate on the microscopic morphology and phase composition of the α-C film was systematically studied, and the corrosion resistance, high-potential (1.4 V (SCE)) corrosion, and surface contact resistance of the film were also analyzed. It was found that the film has excellent corrosion resistance at 0.6 V. However, at 1.4 V (SCE), the film on SS316L showed severe local corrosion, while the TA2 sample did not show any local corrosion. This demonstrates that the corrosion resistance of the BPs is dominated by the film at 0.6 V; while at high corrosion potentials, the corrosion resistance of the substrate plays a decisive role.

Effects of microstructure and stoichiometry of ZnO electrospun seed layer on the photoelectrical and photoelectrochemical properties of ZnO nanorods grown on the FTO substrate

In this study, the microstructure and stoichiometry of ZnO seed layer driven by a novel electrospun method were evaluated for fabricating a thin film of ZnO nanorods (NRs). The impact of Al and Cu dopants on the morphology, microstructure, composition, and hydrophobicity of seed layers was investigated to understand the stoichiometry role of the seed layer in the optical and photoelectrochemical (PEC) properties of ZnO NRs. The results revealed that nanofibers (NFs) were completely transformed into the uniform coating composed of ZnO wurtzite nanoparticles (NPs) with an average size of 18.2 nm suitable sites for conducting the ZnO NRs. With increasing of the stoichiometry of the ZnO seed layer the homogeneity of morphology, the potential growth factor of (002) plane, and the hydrophobicity behavior of seed layers increased, and eventually, the ZnO NRs with a higher l/d ratio, photon absorption, intrinsic defect points, and lower bandgap were formed. The PEC assays indicated that the maximum photocurrent density (0.06 mA cm−2) and photon conversion efficiency (0.35%) were obtained for the ZnO NRs grown on the electrospun ZnO seed layer with the highest stoichiometry. Furthermore, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Mott-Schottky (M − S) tests confirmed that the charge transfer resistance and the charge carrier density depend on the stoichiometry of the ZnO seed layer.

Enhanced solar photocatalytic degradation of nitric oxide using graphene quantum dots/bismuth tungstate composite catalysts

• A novel method for the preparation of graphene quantum dots/bismuth tungstate (GQDs/BWO) composite photocatalysts. • Performance evaluation of enhanced sunlight responsive photocatalytic performance of GQDs/BWO composite for nitric oxide degradation. • The formation of Z-scheme heterojunction between GQDs and Bi 2 WO 6 . • The mechanism of photocatalysis of the GQDs/BWO photocatalysts. Composite (GQDs/BWO) materials for enhanced photocatalysis are hydrothermally produced by combining graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with bismuth tungstate (Bi 2 WO 6 ). These GQDs/BWO nanomaterials are evaluated for photocatalysis, at different GQDs loadings, for the degradation of gaseous nitric oxide with concentrations of 10–11 ppm. Results show that 10GQDs/BWO has the best photocatalytic performance among competitors for NO degradation. The NO conversion rate reaches 73% during 30 min, which is 3.84 times higher than that of pure Bi 2 WO 6 . This is because GQDs not only have a good electron transfer ability, but also form a direct Z-scheme heterojunction with Bi 2 WO 6 . These features promote electron-hole separation efficiency of the composite catalyst, and inhibit their recombination. This performance results from the increase in the surface area of the composite and to the increase in light absorption. The selectivity for the formation of NO x - ( S N O x - ) increased from 66 to 88%, and the DeNO x index increased from −0.003 to 0.43 after the introduction of GQDs. Active species scavenger experiment, Mott-Schottky (MS) tests and density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to evaluate the mechanism of photocatalytic NO. Furthermore, cyclic tests show that 10GQDs/BWO catalysts maintain their chemical stability for NO degradation over 8000s.

One-step microwave hydrothermal preparation of Cd/Zr-bimetallic metal–organic frameworks for enhanced photochemical properties

A new bimetallic metal–organic framework (Cd/Zr-MOF) was successfully synthesized via microwave hydrothermal method using Zr4+ and Cd2+ as two metal ions and terephthalic acid (H2BDC) as organic ligand. The effects of Cd/Zr molar ratio and the reaction temperature on the Cd/Zr-MOF structure and its photocatalytic performance to degrade Rhodamine B (RhB) under simulated sunlight were explored in detail. The results show that the Cd/Zr-MOF with Cd/Zr molar ratio of 5:1 obtained at the reaction temperature of 160 °C exhibits the best photocatalytic performance, and the photocatalytic efficiency can reach 95.82% after 105 min irradiation, which is much higher than that of pure UiO-66 or pure Cd-MOF. The result of Mott–Schottky tests certified the formation of n–n heterojunction between Cd-MOF and UiO-66, which is conducive to the transfer and separation of photogenerated electrons and holes and is the main reason of the enhanced photocatalytic performance. In addition, the mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of Cd/Zr-MOF was studied by adding different eliminating agents. The photodegradation of RhB was mainly caused by superoxide ion (·O2−) and electron hole (h+). The Cd/Zr-MOF composites with excellent photocatalytic activity to Rhodamine B were synthesized via one-step microwave hydrothermal method.

In-situ utilization of piezo-generated hydrogen peroxide for efficient p-chlorophenol degradation by Fe loading bismuth vanadate

Piezocatalysis has emerged as a promising technology for environmental applications due to its capability to produce highly oxidative species by converting mechanical force into chemical energy. In this work, Fe-loaded bismuth vanadate (Fe/BVO) was developed as a catalyst for piezo-generation and in-situ utilization of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The piezoelectricity of Fe/BVO is confirmed by piezo-response force microscopy, and Fe displays a mixed valence (Fe(II) and Fe(III)). Fe/BVO piezocatalysis can achieve 86% p-CP degradation with ultrasonic treatment (120 W and 40 kHz) for 120 min, which is twice that of BVO piezocatalysis. While Fe loading decreases H2O2 concentration from 199.9 to 67.3 μmol/L due to the enhanced in-situ H2O2 utilization efficiency. Based on Mott-Schottky tests, Fe loading increases the charge carrier density, and accordingly leads to the improved piezocatalytic activity for H2O2 production and activation. In the Fe/BVO piezocatalytic system, H2O2 is generated by oxygen reduction via piezo-induced electrons and activated though Fe(II)/Fe(III) cycles. Meanwhile, quenching and fluorescence tests confirm that OH serve as the main active species for p-CP removal. This study is expected to provide a further understanding on the mechanism of piezo-Fenton processes and give some new insights for the design of piezocatalysts for in-situ H2O2 utilization.

Experimental study on the corrosion behavior of X70 steel under asymmetric dynamic DC interference

AbstractThe corrosion behavior of X70 steel in simulated soil environment under asymmetric dynamic direct current (DC) interference was studied by immersion tests. The experimental results showed that the negatively asymmetric dynamic DC interference would induce localized corrosion. Under the same dynamic period of 160 ±80 s, when the negative half‐wave current density remained stable at −10 mA/cm2 and the positive half‐wave one decreased from 7 to 1 mA/cm2, the equivalent diameters of the localized corrosion zones became smaller and the steel samples demonstrated typical pitting corrosion morphologies. To further explore the effect of asymmetric dynamic DC interference on the localized corrosion behavior of carbon steel, a variety of experimental measurements were carried out including real‐time DC potential monitoring, in‐situ near‐surface pH measurements, cyclic voltammetry, and Mott–Schottky tests. It was found that the localized corrosion behavior was probably related to the breakdown of passive film formed on the metal surface exposed to negatively asymmetric DC current generated high pH conditions.

Comparison of the corrosion and passivity behavior between CrMnFeCoNi and CrFeCoNi coatings prepared by argon arc cladding

The corrosion behavior and passive film properties of CrMnFeCoNi and CrFeCoNi coatings in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4 solution were investigated by potentiodynamic and potentiostatic measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Mott-Schottky tests. The chemical compositions of passive film were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results indicated that CrFeCoNi coating possessed lower passive current density, higher polarization resistance, lower donor and acceptor density compared with CrMnFeCoNi coating, which determined CrFeCoNi coating has higher corrosion resistance than CrMnFeCoNi coating. The excellent resistance to corrosion could be attributed to the structure and chemical compositions of passive film

Ni-doped hierarchical porous carbon with a p/n-junction promotes electrochemical water splitting

The p/n-junction in heteroatoms-doped carbon might be engineered to adjust the population of the charge carriers to perform the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with holes in a p-type region and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with electrons in a n-type region. The carbons (AC) with introduced Fe, Ni and Co species of hierarchical porous structures were derived by pyrolysis of melted poly (styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) salts. The obtained materials were used as HER, OER and water splitting catalysts. Although all samples were catalytically active, their activity differed depending on the kind of metal. The most promising results were obtained on Ni-AC. An overpotential of Ni-AC to reach 10 mA cm−2 was 259, 382 and 640 mV for HER, OER and water splitting, respectively. Mott-Schottky tests indicated that Ni-AC has p/n-type semiconductor features. While its n-type region was responsible for HER, the p-type region governed OER. A high dispersion of the nickel-based catalytic centers in the hierarchical pore system resulted in an efficient utilization of the active sites for the electron transfer processes. Besides the satisfactory performance, the advantage of the derived catalyst is in its simple synthesis from a commodity polymer.

A facile route to construct NiTiO3/Bi4NbO8Cl heterostructures for enhanced photocatalytic water purification

NiTiO3/Bi4NbO8Cl heterostructure photocatalysts were successfully synthesized by a mechanical mixing method. The crystal structure, morphology, optical properties and energy band structures of all samples were determined by X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflection spectra (UV–Vis DRS), and Mott–Schottky tests. The NiTiO3/Bi4NbO8Cl composites were observed to possess an improved activity in the photocatalytic degradation of organic dye rhodamine B (RhB) under irradiation. In particular, Bi4NbO8Cl modified with NiTiO3 (10% in weight) exhibits the best photocatalytic performance. The enhanced photocatalytic performance can be ascribed to the formation of intimate interfacial contact and type-II band alignment between NiTiO3 and Bi4NbO8Cl. From the results of photoluminescence spectra (PL), time-resolved decay spectra (TR-PL), photocurrent and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, the rapid separation and transportation of photoinduced charge carriers were proved. In addition, the proposed mechanism for the enhanced photocatalytic activities is proposed in this paper.

Biological, antibacterial activities and electrochemical behavior of borided commercially pure titanium in BSA-containing PBS

The effects of boride coating on the bioactivity, antibacterial activity, and electrochemical behavior of commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied. The grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) pattern confirmed the formation of a TiB/TiB2 coating via boriding process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation indicated that the TiB2 cross-linked particles covered the TiB whiskers. Water contact angle measurements revealed that boriding led to the formation of a surface with intermediate water affinity. Potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) assays demonstrated that the TiB/TiB2 coating had acceptable passivation behavior in BSA-containing PBS. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements revealed that the passivation behavior of the CP-Ti and the borided samples was improved by increasing exposure time. Based on the Mott-Schottky (M-S) tests, it was realized that the charge carriers of passive films of both samples decreased with increasing exposure time in BSA-containing PBS. The bioactivity test results in a simulated body fluid showed that the TiB/TiB2 coating switched the CP-Ti from bioinert to bioactive material. Finally, the antibacterial activity test of the TiB/TiB2 coating against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus indicated 99% antibacterial activity.