Model Of Motor Research Articles

Desing of an observer with real time monitoring speed and load torque for submersible induction motors

Relevance. When operating submersible equipment for oil production in aggressive environments and transferring wells to the cyclic operation mode, a decrease in the service life of the submersible installation for oil production is observed. In the first case, this is due to the formation of salt deposits and clogging of the working parts of the electric pump with mechanical impurities. In the second case – an increase in the number of starts of the submersible electric motor. To solve the existing problems, it is possible to implement closed control systems for submersible electric motors based on state variable observers, which determines the relevance of the study. Aim. To develop an observer with operational monitoring of the angular velocity of the rotor and the moment of resistance on the shaft of a submersible asynchronous motor at inconsistency of the initial conditions in various operating modes and its testing using modeling tools. Methods. The observer is built on the basis of known engine models in a fixed coordinate system α, β, the theory of IIR-filters to obtain a forecast of estimates of the angular velocity of the rotor and the torque on the shaft and their correction in real time. Results. The authors have proposed the original structure of an observer with operational monitoring of the angular velocity of the rotor and the moment of resistance on the shaft of a submersible asynchronous motor. Conclusions. The paper demonstrates the observer performance with inconsistency of initial conditions and electric motor model data in various operating modes. In all modes, stable estimates of the speed and torque of resistance on the electric motor shaft are obtained. At the same time, the error in estimating the angular velocity under the condition of changing the load on the shaft and starting in the loaded state is no more than 1.2%, which is acceptable in submersible electric motor control systems. It is revealed that the developed observer, under the condition of changing the active resistance of the stator and rotor in the ranges from –25 to +25% of the nominal value, obtains estimates of the angular velocity with an integral error of no more than 5%, except for starting the motor with a decrease in the active resistance of the rotor by 25% of the nominal value –5.53%, which is acceptable in engineering practice.

Modeling and performance analysis of an electric two-wheeler on various driving cycles and validation using a performance real-time target machine

Compared with conventional two-wheelers, electric two-wheelers are gaining popularity owing to their potential to reduce emissions, their dependency on fossil fuels, and their enhanced economic benefits. However, the electric two-wheelers face key challenges such as inconsistent performance and driving range due to varying driving conditions. This study overcomes this challenge by developing a comprehensive system to investigate and predict the behavior of electric two-wheelers under various vehicle and battery parameters, driving conditions, and ambient conditions. The developed system, implemented in MATLAB Simulink, includes five subsections (the driving cycle, motor controller unit, electric motor, battery pack, and vehicle model) and evaluates the state of health, cell temperature, energy consumption, driving range, and state of charge. To validate the model, a simulation was conducted using a Speedgoat performance real-time target machine. An extensive evaluation is executed to validate the accuracy of the developed system against the real-time performance of an electric two-wheeler. For both simulated and standard driving cycles, the model offers an error of less than 1 %. The results of the analysis show that maintaining a mean speed between 18 km/h and 35 km/h results in the least energy consumption, a higher driving range, and a lower cell temperature. In addition, the research results show that driving aggressively consumes more energy. The results of this research indicate an innovative contribution toward the recognition and selection of appropriate electric two-wheelers.

Mathematical modelling of induction motors taking into account design-parameter asymmetry

Due to their numerous technical and economic advantages, induction machines (IM) with squirrel-cage rotors are important components of many industrial processes. Their reliability, durability, and ease of operation make them indispensable in various industries, ensuring stable and efficient equipment performance. However, to minimise the risk of costly production failures caused by sudden stoppages, it is important to implement effective diagnostic and monitoring methods. The most common type of fault in squirrel-cage induction motors is the breakage of cage bars and end ring segments, particularly in motors with high inertia loads and frequent stops and starts. Regular maintenance and the implementation of modern control systems in the industry will help ensure the reliable and uninterrupted operation of these machines. In the technical literature, various diagnostic methods have been proposed. Some are based on analysing data collected from the induction motor (IM), detecting characteristic perturbations that indicate faults in the machine. Other methods involve comparing the data obtained from the actual induction motor with its digital model. It is clear that accurate and adequate IM models are necessary for the development and optimisation of fault diagnosis methods. This paper focuses on developing a mathematical model of an induction motor (IM) in a stator-fixed coordinate system, where the squirrel-cage rotor of the IM is represented as a multiphase, symmetrically distributed winding system in space. The adequacy of the obtained model is demonstrated. The developed model allows for the analysis of various types of asymmetries in both stator and rotor of squirrel-cage induction motors

Thermal modeling and analysis of multi-mover motors considering mover quantity and dynamic states

—Multi-mover motors are widely used in logistics transportation systems. However, the unique number of movers and variations in motion states complicate the distribution of loss and thermal characteristics, thereby increasing the difficulty of calculating temperature rise. In this paper, a winding loss calculation method that considers the multi-condition and dynamic characteristics of multi-mover motors is proposed. The convective heat transfer coefficient (CHTC) is calculated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and response surface methodology (RSM), with a detailed analysis of velocity distribution characteristics. The interactive effects of mover speed, acceleration, mover quantity, and the distance between adjacent movers on the CHTC are investigated. A simplified yet accurate thermal modeling is developed, reducing the required time for a single operating condition from 4 h to 0.5 h, with an error of only 4 %. Through both single variable and multivariable analyses, the thermal characteristics of multi-mover motors under different conditions are revealed. Finally, a prototype is created and tested under various operating conditions. The discrepancies between the experimental and calculated values are within 5 %, validating the accuracy of the proposed model and analysis.

Robust control based on type-2 fuzzy logic for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM)

This paper introduces a novel control technique utilizing the orientation of stator flux based on type 2 fuzzy controllers to control the mechanical power generated by a permanent magnet synchronous motor and addressing parametric variation challenges to enhance robust performance against external fluctuations. The Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors driven by stator variables via two converters relies on these components to interface with the electrical network in distinct manners. The network-side converter facilitates continuous bus control and enhances power factor, while the motor-side converter enables precise control and optimization of energy flow during motor operation. The paper outlines the motor and converter models, followed by the development of control commands to regulate mechanical power (speed, torque) for optimal efficiency and production quality and we will then present a comparative study between the developed controls to highlight the best performing and most robust of each, . Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of implementing type 2 fuzzy logic control in achieving these objectives.

Low Vibration Control Scheme for Permanent Magnet Motor Based on Resonance Controllers

For an electric locomotive traction motor, it is necessary to maintain relatively low vibration and noise due to the higher design standards. By using effective motor control strategies and implementing current harmonic suppression schemes, motor efficiency and vibration and noise suppression can be effectively improved. This study investigates the current harmonic suppression strategy for permanent magnet synchronous motors by (1) constructing a mathematical model of the permanent magnet motor to explore the sources of low-order harmonics currents such as fifth and seventh harmonics, as well as high-order harmonics at switch frequencies and their multiples, and analyzing the electromagnetic force characteristics generated by the current, and (2) establishing a vector control system for the permanent magnet motor. To suppress the fifth and seventh harmonic components in the current, a resonance controller is constructed, which utilizes the parallel connection of a resonator and PI controller to achieve low-order harmonic suppression. The factors affecting the effectiveness of the resonance controller’s suppression are also analyzed. The experiments are conducted, and the current harmonic suppression scheme constructed in this study can effectively reduce the harmonics in the current, thereby reducing motor vibration and noise.

Hybrid-triggered H∞ control for Markov jump systems with quantizations and hybrid attacks

The hybrid-triggered quantized H∞ control problem is investigated for discrete-time Markov jump systems (MJSs) under hybrid cyber attacks. A novel hybrid-triggered mechanism obeying Bernoulli distribution between the time-triggered mechanism and the adaptive event-triggered mechanism is introduced. The triggered condition considers the average value between current measured output and latest triggered output to avoid the unnecessary triggered data released. Meanwhile, a quantizer is adopted to optimize the data transmission rate and an observer-based controller is designed to resist the impact of deception attacks and aperiodic DoS attacks on the system. Utilizing Lyapunov stability theory and iterative methods, sufficient conditions are obtained to ensure that the closed-loop MJSs are asymptotically mean-square stable with H∞ performance. Then, an algorithm for gain matrices and triggered matrices is given. Finally, the effectiveness and availability of the proposed method are verified by a numerical example and a DC motor model.

SENSORLESS SPEED ESTIMATION OF THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS BASED ON DYNAMIC MODEL

In speed control systems of induction motor electrical drives, real-time speed monitoring is necessary. Speed monitoring can be done using the direct method, which uses a mechanical sensor mounted on the motor shaft, or the indirect method, which is based on estimation, mainly from the dynamic model of the motor. Speed estimation based on the dynamic model of the motor in orthogonal coordinates is the most widespread method in sensorless speed control systems of three-phase squirrel cage induction motor electrical drives, especially those of high accuracy. This paper presents the open-loop speed estimator used for speed estimation in three-phase induction motors. The proposed speed estimators are based on the orthogonal coordinate’s dynamic model of an induction motor in a stator reference frame. This technical solution is simple and has a low cost. The currents and voltages of the two motor phases are the input variables of the estimator, while the output variable is the induction motor speed. The speed estimator model is built using LabVIEW software. The dynamics and accuracy of the estimator proposed in this paper have been tested experimentally. The speed measured by the industrial incremental encoder is compared with that of a speed estimator modeled in LabVIEW software. The obtained experimental results show a good match between the measured and estimated speeds under the step torque load changes of the induction motor.

A thermophysical mechanism exploration of the brain: Motor cortex modeling with canonical ensemble theory

The brain, recognized as one of the most intricate systems globally, has been a focal point for scientific exploration. Researchers have made efforts to construct models of the brain based on neural dynamics and complex networks to gain insights into its workings. It is crucial to investigate the brain's working principles from various perspectives. This study presents a novel thermophysical model of the motor cortex and examines its potential thermodynamic properties. Utilizing canonical ensemble theory, we constructed the thermophysical model using spike and local field potential (LFP) signals obtained from intracortical brain-machine-interfaces (iBMIs) in two monkeys. The parameters derived from this model—namely internal energy, free energy, and entropy—were employed to assess the thermodynamic properties and observe alterations in these properties during reaching and grasping movements. Furthermore, this proposed model was applied to movement pattern decoding, highlighting its potential in neural decoding tasks. In both LFP- and spike-based thermodynamic models, there was an increase in internal energy and free energy, coupled with a decrease in entropy when the motor cortex was activated across various movement tasks. This suggests that the neural system adheres to the principles of a thermophysical system. Notably, the thermodynamic features demonstrated superior performance in decoding movement intentions compared to traditional LFP and spike features. This study represents the first construction of a comprehensive thermodynamic model of the motor cortex based on LFP and spike signals. The model exhibits remarkable stationarity and holds promise for long-term and stable evaluations of motor cortex functions.

A Power-RPM Reduced-Order Model and Power Control Strategy of the Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor in a V/f Framework for Oscillation Suppression

A Power-RPM Reduced-Order Model and Power Control Strategy of the Dual Three-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor in a V/f Framework for Oscillation Suppression

Research on SMA motor modelling and control algorithm for optical image stabilization

Research on SMA motor modelling and control algorithm for optical image stabilization

Study on Process of Converting Wind Energy to Electricity

Wind is a renewable energy, wind is product natural from the change of air temperature, air pressor and the rotate of planet. Wind is an old source of energy so the humans was use it for wind mill, sailing, air transport or drying and so on. Now a day, many countries are focusing on research study about wind turbine to generate electricity. The purpose of this research is to study the process of converting wind energy into electricity by taking wind source from a fan with a radius of 17 cm, the fan speed is about and the wind turbine power source is a small motor model ESPL-3423-D120. The study shows that the efficiency of wind turbines from the conversion of kinetic energy into electricity is about 15%. For radius of wind turbines 15 cm, we can convert wind power into electric power about 0.8954 W; For radius of wind turbines 17 cm, we can convert wind power into electric power about 1.1454 W; we also notice that the wind power is change by a radius of wind turbine and wind speed

Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control System for the Travel Speed of an Electric Reel Sprinkling Irrigation Machine

The uniformity of the travel speed of electric reel sprinkling irrigation machines is a key factor affecting irrigation quality. However, conventional PID control is susceptible to sudden disturbances under complex farmland conditions, leading to reduced speed uniformity. To enhance the robustness of the control system, it is necessary to investigate new disturbance rejection control algorithms and their effects. Therefore, a kinematic model of the reel sprinkling irrigation machine and a brushless DC (BLDC) motor model were established, and a linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC) strategy based on improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) was proposed. The simulation results show that under variable speed conditions, the system exhibits no overshoot, with an adjustment time of 0.064 s; under variable load conditions, the speed vibration amplitude is less than 0.3%. The field test results indicate that at travel speeds of 10 m/h and 30 m/h, the maximum absolute deviation rate under IPSO-LADRC control is reduced by 27.07% and 13.98%, respectively, compared to PID control. The control strategy based on IPSO-LADRC effectively improves the control accuracy and robustness under complex farmland conditions, providing a reference for enhancing the control performance of other electric agricultural machinery.

SMC for discrete singular stochastic jump systems under semi-Markov kernel

In this study, the sliding mode control (SMC) is investigated for discrete singular stochastic semi-Markov jump systems under a semi-Markov kernel. Based on the remarkable application background and advantages in modeling complex dynamic systems, singular semi-Markov jump systems are utilized to address discrete SMC issues. A mode-dependent sliding function with a singular matrix is considered to reduce the effects of the numerical problems. The main aim is to use an improved approach to eliminate the matrix power terms so that the underlying augmented system can realize mean-square admissibility. An appropriate SMC law is constructed to achieve the reachability of the quasi-sliding mode, overcoming the difficulty caused by parameter uncertainty. Finally, the effectiveness of the SMC approach is verified using a DC motor model.

Review of Controlling of Switched Reluctance Motors (SRM) Drive Techniques in Micro-grid

There has been growing interest in the switching reluctance motor in both the academic andbusiness communities. The minimal cost of construction and the fact that no rare materials are requiredare two of Micro-most grid's lauded qualities. Switched reluctance motors are more difficult tomanipulate than conventional machines. The most researched issue in the subject is how to minimisetorque ripple in the control system. The purpose of this work is to provide a review of the relevantliterature and an understanding of the specifics involved in micro grid control of switching reluctancemotors. There is a literature review on the effects of fundamental control approaches on the study ofmotor performance. Several other studies are offered for the reader to use as comparisons in thiscomparative study. Studies employing a non-linear switching reluctance motor model derived from anactual motor are the primary emphasis of the papers, which are based on the theory presented forliterature review.

Review of Controlling of Switched Reluctance Motors (SRM) Drive Techniques in Micro-grid

There has been growing interest in the switching reluctance motor in both the academic and business communities. The minimal cost of construction and the fact that no rare materials are required are two of Micro-most grid's lauded qualities. Switched reluctance motors are more difficult to manipulate than conventional machines. The most researched issue in the subject is how to minimise torque ripple in the control system. The purpose of this work is to provide a review of the relevant literature and an understanding of the specifics involved in micro grid control of switching reluctance motors. There is a literature review on the effects of fundamental control approaches on the study of motor performance. Several other studies are offered for the reader to use as comparisons in this comparative study. Studies employing a non-linear switching reluctance motor model derived from an actual motor are the primary emphasis of the papers, which are based on the theory presented for literature review.

Electromagnetic Modeling and Verification of Permanent Magnet Toroidal Motor With Planet Eccentricity

Electromagnetic Modeling and Verification of Permanent Magnet Toroidal Motor With Planet Eccentricity

Stator Winding Interturn Short-Circuit Fault Modeling and Detection of Squirrel-Cage Induction Motors

Stator Winding Interturn Short-Circuit Fault Modeling and Detection of Squirrel-Cage Induction Motors

Fast Efficiency Optimization Control Based on Orthogonal Current Phasor Model for Linear Oscillatory Motor

Fast Efficiency Optimization Control Based on Orthogonal Current Phasor Model for Linear Oscillatory Motor

Temperature Field Distribution and Thermal Stress Analysis of Pumped Storage Electric Motors

Abstract With the increasingly important role of pumped storage in energy systems, new and higher requirements have been put forward for the operation, safety, and economy of pumped storage power plants. The article takes a three-phase salient pole synchronous pumped storage motor as the research object, by using ANSYS finite element analysis software, a finite element model of a three-phase synchronous generator motor was established to analyze the internal temperature field distribution and thermal stress distribution of the motor. The results show that the higher temperature region of the entire system was concentrated at the winding, followed by the stator and rotor. Therefore, when optimizing the design of the motor in the future, the first step should be to start from the winding. The analysis of the thermal stress situation of the stator shows that the thermal stress and strain were mainly distributed at the inner diameter of the stator core, which was consistent with the distribution of the temperature field at the stator. The results of this study can provide theoretical guidance for the key maintenance areas and maintenance time of pumped storage power generation motors.