Motor Fitness Components Research Articles

Change and Stability in Sibling Physical Fitness: The Portuguese Sibling Study.

This study aims to 1) describe mean changes in muscular and motor fitness components in sibships over 2 yr, 2) analyze individual tracking of fitness within sibships, 3) investigate sibling resemblance in fitness over time, and 4) examine the joint influence of biological, behavioral, and familial characteristics on fitness. The sample comprises 166 Portuguese biological sibling pairs (brother-brother, sister-sister, brother-sister) age 9-17 yr assessed at baseline and 2 yr later. Physical fitness components were measured with standardized tests. Percentage body fat and biological maturation were assessed, and physical activity, diet, screen time, and familial characteristics were obtained by questionnaires. Multilevel models were used to analyze the clustered longitudinal data. Crude results showed that, on average, all sib-types increased their muscular and motor fitness components from baseline to follow-up (except sister-sister pairs in standing long jump and shuttle run). When adjusted for covariates, the mean changes were no longer significant. Individual tracking was moderate to high for the muscular component but low to moderate for the motor component. Consistency in sibling resemblance was higher in sister-sister pairs than in brother-brother and brother-sister pairs. More mature sibs were fitter in both components, whereas siblings with higher body fat percentage were less fit. Screen time, physical activity, and parental occupation were not associated with fitness components. Biological characteristics were more strongly associated with fitness components than individual behaviors and familial characteristics. Furthermore, the muscular component tracked better than the motor component. Sister-sister pairs had greater resemblance in fitness over time compared with brother-brother or sister-brother pairs.

Comparison of Neuromotor and Progressive Resistance Exercise Training to Improve Mobility and Fitness in Community-Dwelling Older Women

Neuromotor exercise, which stimulates motor fitness components (balance, agility, coordination), has been less investigated than other forms of exercise such as resistance or aerobic training to counteract the age-related impairment in mobility. The aim of the study was to verify whether neuromotor exercise was as effective as resistance training in improving mobility and related fitness components in healthy older women. Thirty-five women (mean age 69.6 ± 3.2 years) were assigned to a neuromotor (NMT) or a progressive resistance training (PRT) group, both exercising 1 h, twice weekly for 12 weeks. The NMT group exercised static and dynamic balance, agility, speed, reaction time and coordination, while the PRT performed prevalently machine based, strengthening exercises. All participants were tested before and after the intervention for walking speed under different conditions, chair rise time, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and power. A 2 × 2 MANOVA and subsequent ANOVAs were performed to ascertain the effects of the two trainings. Similar improvements were observed for mobility (P = 0.000, $$\eta_{p}^{2}=0.73$$ ) and for fitness (P = 0.000, $$\eta_{p}^{2}=0.96$$ ) in both groups. The present results suggest that in healthy older women improvements in mobility may be obtained through both strength and neuromotor exercise. The present results contribute to further our knowledge on the effects of neuromotor exercise for older people and add relevant information on exercise interventions targeting mobility in the elderly.

A RELATIVE STUDY OF THE FITNESS COMPONENTS OF MOTOR FITNESS AMONG FEMALE PHYSICAL EDUCATION STUDENTS OF HIGHER SECONDARY AND FEMALE BOXING PLAYERS

Motor abilities play important role in achieving proficiency in games and sports. Motor Fitness is an athlete’s ability to perform effectively during sports. Motor Fitness involves a mixture of speed, agility, power, coordination, strength and so on and is essential for competing at high levels. For this study, 20 female players each from Boxing (after 6 months of training) and Physical Education were selected from Sher-i-Kashmir Indoor Sports Complex Srinagar and Delhi Public School Budgam, J&K who had played at least at district level or state level. The age group of subjects was ranging between 17-19 years. Test by Barrow motor ability test was used to measure motor fitness components. To find out the significant differences between means of the Boxing and Physical Education Students, unpaired ‘t’ test was applied. From the study, differences were observed on leg- strength, speed and arm & shoulder strength variables between Boxing and Physical Education Students but these were insignificant. It was found that Boxing players are better in leg strength and arm & shoulder strength whereas Physical Education Students are superior to boxing player in speed. Article visualizations:

Association between Physical and Motor Fitness with Cognition in Children.

Background and objective: There is an increased interest in exploring the association between fitness components with cognitive development in children in recent years. One of the scopes is to find the best exercise prescription to enhance health and cognition. Most of the studies so far have focused on cardiorespiratory fitness with little evidence on other fitness components. The present study aimed to explore the association between physical fitness (PF) and motor fitness (MF) with cognitive performance in children. Methods: Two hundred and six schoolboys (11.0 ± 0.8 y) underwent a battery of tests to measure information processing speed (i.e., simple and choice reaction time) and inhibitory control (i.e., Simon task). PF components (i.e., flexibility, muscular strength, and endurance) and MF components (speed and agility) were measured. Results: Multiple linear regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders (i.e., age, socioeconomic status, %fat and physical activity) revealed no relationship between flexibility, speed, muscular strength, and endurance with either information processing tasks or inhibitory control tasks. However, a positive association was observed between agility with both congruent reaction time and incongruent reaction time. Conclusions: No relationship was observed between the underlying fitness components with either information processing or inhibitory control. However, an association was observed between agility with inhibitory control.

Effect of shadow training on motor fitness components of badminton players

Effect of shadow training on motor fitness components of badminton players

Relationship of Selected Motor Fitness Components to Percentage of Body Fat and Reaction Time

Relationship of Selected Motor Fitness Components to Percentage of Body Fat and Reaction Time

Comparing the Effect of a Jump Rope Training on Physical and Motor Fitness Components Among Primary School Boy and Girl Students

Comparing the Effect of a Jump Rope Training on Physical and Motor Fitness Components Among Primary School Boy and Girl Students

Association between physical fitness and cognitive performance in 19-24 year old males.

The present study aimed to explore the association between physical fitness (PF) and cognitive performance in a sample of 19-24 year old males. Two hundred and eleven young males (20.2±1.5 years) participated in the study. Cognitive functioning tasks including information processing speed and inhibitory control were measured in addition to PF and motor fitness components such as aerobic fitness, static strength, explosive strength, agility and speed. Regression analysis showed that after adjustment for potential confounders (e.g. age, socioeconomic status, adiposity and physical activity), aerobic fitness (represented by shorter time in the one-mile run) was positively associated with composite inhibitory control scores (standardized β=0.17; p=0.04) and negatively associated with ∆ Simon (standardized β= -0.21; p=0.04). Explosive strength was negatively associated with composite information processing scores (standardized β= -0.24; P=0.01), and composite inhibitory control scores (standardized β= -0.22; p=0.02). Speed of movement, agility and static strength were not associated with any of the cognitive tests. In conclusion, aerobic fitness and explosive strength but not speed, agility or static strength might be indicators of underlying cognitive functioning tasks in 19-24 year old males.

INVESTIGATION OF SELECTED MOTOR FITNESS COMPONENTS BETWEEN BATSMEN AND BOWLER IN CRICKET: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY

The aim of this assessment is to discover the significant differences of motor fitness components between batsmen and bowler. A group of thirty (N=30) male subjects aged between 18-28 years were chosen for this appraisal from Guru Nanak Dev university, Amritsar (Punjab), India. The purposive sampling technique was utilized to accomplish the objectives of the appraisal. Every one of the subjects, in the wake of having been educated about objective and protocol of the study, gave their agreement and volunteered to take an interest in this appraisal. They were further partitioned into two group of 15 each (i.e., N1=15; batsmen and N2=15; bowler). Student’s t-test for independent data was utilized to evaluate the between- group differences. The level of p≤0.05 was considered significant. Investigation of data uncovered that there were insignificant differences of speed (p = 0.20), strength (p = 0.096) agility (p = 0.06) and Cardiovascular Endurance (p = 0.21) amongst Batsmen and Bowler, the calculated value of t for all the variables i.e., speed (t=1.30), strength (1.72), agility (1.94) and Cardiovascular Endurance (1.41 is smaller than the tabulated value of t (=2.048) for 28 degree of freedom. In this way, it might be presumed that the group difference between Batsmen and Bowler with respect to speed, strength, agility and endurance observed to be statistically insignificant. Whereas significant differences of static Balance (p = 0.019) between Batsmen and Bowler, since the calculated value of t for static Balance (t=2.50) is higher than the tabulated value of t (=2.048) for 28 degree of freedom. In this manner it might be inferred that the group difference between Batsmen and Bowler in regards to speed, strength, agility and Cardiovascular Endurance observed to be statistically insignificant. Whereas significant differences of static Balance found. Article visualizations:

A Comparison of Selected Motor Fitness Components of Girl students dwelling in Non Slum and Slum Areas in Thane District

Modern sports are becoming more and more competitive and the margin of error is decreasing from seconds to micro seconds, inches to millimeters, kilos to grams, so why this all is changing it is due to development in the sports science and with this there are lot of changes taking place and those are defiantly helping our youth to achieve greater heights day by day, for which researchers are doing studies, for studying the factors which directly or indirectly affect the performance of the athletes, for understanding one of this factor the research scholar had investigated weather environment does play any role in morphological, physical and motor fitness variable on individuals. Many research works have been conducted related to health and physical fitness and Motor Fitness, it is known that any competitive sports performance cannot be improved however the role of physical Education and sports the improvement especially for sportsman is not known. By understanding the Physical Education Fields requirement the researcher has selected “Comparison of Selected Motor Fitness Components of Girl students dwelling in Non Slum and Slum Areas in Thane District”.

Reliability of Health-Related Physical Fitness Tests among Colombian Children and Adolescents: The FUPRECOL Study.

Substantial evidence indicates that youth physical fitness levels are an important marker of lifestyle and cardio-metabolic health profiles and predict future risk of chronic diseases. The reliability physical fitness tests have not been explored in Latino-American youth population. This study’s aim was to examine the reliability of health-related physical fitness tests that were used in the Colombian health promotion “Fuprecol study”. Participants were 229 Colombian youth (boys n = 124 and girls n = 105) aged 9 to 17.9 years old. Five components of health-related physical fitness were measured: 1) morphological component: height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, triceps skinfold, subscapular skinfold, and body fat (%) via impedance; 2) musculoskeletal component: handgrip and standing long jump test; 3) motor component: speed/agility test (4x10 m shuttle run); 4) flexibility component (hamstring and lumbar extensibility, sit-and-reach test); 5) cardiorespiratory component: 20-meter shuttle-run test (SRT) to estimate maximal oxygen consumption. The tests were performed two times, 1 week apart on the same day of the week, except for the SRT which was performed only once. Intra-observer technical errors of measurement (TEMs) and inter-rater (reliability) were assessed in the morphological component. Reliability for the Musculoskeletal, motor and cardiorespiratory fitness components was examined using Bland–Altman tests. For the morphological component, TEMs were small and reliability was greater than 95% of all cases. For the musculoskeletal, motor, flexibility and cardiorespiratory components, we found adequate reliability patterns in terms of systematic errors (bias) and random error (95% limits of agreement). When the fitness assessments were performed twice, the systematic error was nearly 0 for all tests, except for the sit and reach (mean difference: -1.03% [95% CI = -4.35% to -2.28%]. The results from this study indicate that the “Fuprecol study” health-related physical fitness battery, administered by physical education teachers, was reliable for measuring health-related components of fitness in children and adolescents aged 9–17.9 years old in a school setting in Colombia.

Assessment of Motor Fitness, Physical Fitness and Body Composition of Women Football Players at Different Levels of their Participation

Objective :Many of scientific investigations on women’s football specific to the topics of player characteristics has considerably increased in recent years due to the increased popularity of the women’s game in India and world. Therefore, the present investigation aim was to assess the different motor levels of women football players from various competitive levels i.e. motor fitness, physical fitness and body composition. Participants: Fifty women football players of three different competitive levels volunteered to participate in this study, were selected as the subjects from the state of Chhattisgarh. The age, height, weight, Body Mass Index, Explosive power of arms and shoulder, Explosive power of legs, speed., Agility and Cardiovascular endurance (PFI) were taken as a criterion measure for the present study. This investigation included National level (N= 17, age =21.29 ± 1.21 years, height=162 ± 0.06 cm, weight= 49.76 ± 3.21 kg ), Interuniversity level (N=17, age =20.53 ± 1.33 years, height=161 ± 0.03 cm, weight= 49.12 ± 2.57 kg), and state level N= 16, age =21.19 ± 1.38 years, height=161 ± 0.03 cm, weight= 48.38 ± 5.21 kg) women football player’s physical fitness, motor fitness and body composition were measured. Methods: All the subjects were asked to execute the physical performance tests Haward Step Test measure cardiovascular endurance), (Medicine Ball Throw measure explosive power of arms and shoulder), (Standing Broad Jump measure explosive power of legs ), ( Zig-Zag Run measure agility & speed) and (Shuttle Run measure agility). Age (years) of the participants was recorded from the academic record of the schools, were weights were measures by using a digital scale (Harpenden Balance Scale), Standing heights were measured with Harpenden portable stadiometer and. Body mass Index (BMI) was calculated as weight (kg) divided by the square of the height (m). To assess the motor fitness, physical fitness, and body composition of three different level women football players, means, standard deviations and F-ratios were computed. The level of significance was set at a p<0.05. The statistical package for social science (SPSS 16.0 version) software package was used to analyze the data. Results: Descriptive statistics resulted similarity in anthropometric characteristics of national level, inter- university level and state levels female Football players. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with physical fitness, motor fitness and BMI of women Football players of National, Inter-university and state level and motor fitness resulted in insignificant F-ratio for zigzag run (1.24), shuttle run (1.07), medicine ball throw(1.42) and standing broad jump(0.52). P.F.I.(1.73) and B.M.I.(0.93). Conclusion: Similarity was expressed by women Football players of national, inter-university and state levels in their selected anthropometric characteristic, Physical fitness and motor fitness components.

Predominance of Selected Anthropometric Measurements and Motor Fitness Components on Playing Ability of Basketball Players

The study was intended to select the minimum number of determinant variables (anthropometric measurements & motor fitness components) that would provide highest multiple correlation co-efficient with the criterion variable (basketball playing ability) and to compute a multiple regression equation. Twenty basketball specialization students of Annamalai University, were selected as subjects with an informed consent. The age of the selected subjects ranged from 18 through 22 years. The study was restricted to the objective assessment of selected anthropometric measurements (neck girth, axillary arm girth, biceps girth, forearm girth, wrist girth, hand length, palm length, shoulder girth, chest girth, waist girth, thigh girth, calf girth, ankle girth, foot length, foot breadth, standing height, weight) and motor fitness components (back strength, leg strength, agility, flexibility, power, speed) and subjective rating of playing ability by judges. The data thus collected have been analyzed by the procedure of Wherry-Doolittle method of multiple correlations as given by Clarke and Clarke. The results show that the obtained multiple correlations co-efficient of 0.9699 is significant at 0.05 level with a forecasting efficiency of 76%. It was also noted that the multiple regression equation derived by this study to assess the basketball playing ability from the selected determinant variables such as leg strength, axillary arm girth and width of the foot has comparatively low standard error of estimate.

Comparison of motor fitness components between combative sports female players

The purpose of the present study was to find out the comparison of motor fitness between Judokas and Wrestling female players of Nagpur District. The sample of the Present study was conducted on 60 female sports person 30 each who had participated at inter-university level. The age ranged between 18–25 years. Further the data of motor fitness test was collected through standardized tools cooper 12 min run/walk test for (Endurance) and was analysis by “t” test. After comparing of the present data it was found that Judo female players of Nagpur have better endurance than wrestling female players.

Analysis of the Changes in Selected Motor Fitness Components with Concurrent Strength and Plyometric Training

The underlying principle of this study was to assess the effect of eight weeks concurrent strength and plyometric training in enhancing the capability on selected motor fitness components. For the purpose of study, thirty male students of Annamalai University, aged 20 to 22 years took part in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to either concurrent training (n=15) or control (n=15) group. The training regimen lasted for eight weeks. The selected criterion variables were assessed using standard tests and procedures, prior to and immediately after the training programme. Analysis of covariance was employed to establish degree of significant modification on chosen criterion variables. The findings of the study revealed that eight weeks of concurrent training had an effectiveness of 4.13% on leg strength, 11.81% on strength endurance, 0.40% on speed, and 7.53% on anaerobic power. These findings suggest that the concurrent strength and plyometric training programme has a statistically significant influence in developing the selected criterion variables.

Urban-rural contrasts in motor fitness components of youngster footballers in West Bengal, India

Das, P. & Chatterjee, P. (2013). Urban-rural contrasts in motor fitness components of youngster footballers in West Bengal, India. J. Hum. Sport Exerc., 8(3), pp.797-805. In the present world sport and exercise should be well-matched with the surroundings and public healthiness. This study aims to examine whether urban-rural environment have any impact on motor fitness components of footballers as well as sedentary boys of the age group 14 to 16 years. The sample consisted of 60 football players (30 urban and 30 rural) and 160 sedentary boys (80 urban and 80 rural). The parameters included height, weight, body surface area (BSA) and body mass Index (BMI), agility, flexibility, leg muscle power (LMP), speed, hand grip strength (HGS). Standard techniques and procedures were followed for all the tests. Results were expressed as mean ± SD and independent samples T test was conducted to compare between the groups. Results of the study revealed that agility, flexibility, LMP, speed and HGS were significantly higher in rural boys including both of footballer (p<0.05) and sedentary (p<0.01) group compared with urban boys. From the study, it might be concluded that rural boys showed greater motor fitness comparing to their urban counterparts. However, regular training can reduce this urban-rural difference in motor fitness and lifestyle, habitual activities, living environment had great impact on motor fitness that was clearly understood from control group (sedentary boys). Key words: MOTOR FITNESS, URBAN-RURAL, FOOTBALLER, SEDENTARY.

A Study of Body Mass Index in Relation to Motor Fitness Components of School Going Children Involved in Physical Activities

The purpose of study was to evaluate and compare the motor fitness in relation to Body Mass Index of school going children involved in physical activities.. One hundred school going male children of 9th and 10th grade were selected to serve as subjects for this study. The researcher divided the entire 100 sample into three groups. i.e. low BMI (N=25) , middle BMI (N=50) and High BMI (N=25) groups, which were compare with each other. All the subjects were tested on Chin ups, Vertical Jump, Shuttle Run, Sit and Reach and BMI (Body Mass Index)., In order to find out the significance of differences between low BMI- high BMI, and middle BMI- high BMI of school going male children, means, standard deviations, quartile deviation (Q1 and Q3) and t-ratio were computed. The results of the study revealed that the significant difference was not found between Low BMI group- High BMI group in their vertical jump, flexibility, chin-ups components of motor fitness. Low BMI group children were more superior on muscular strength, speed, and agility and similar on flexibility compare to high BMI group children. Low BMI group was also superior on speed and agility components of motor fitness than middle BMI group children and was similar in other component of fitness. Where as, middle BMI group children were more superior on muscular strength, speed, and agility and similar on vertical jump and flexibility components of fitness in comparison of high BMI group children.

Assessment of Health-Related Fitness in the Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease on Hemodialysis: Using Eurofit Test Battery

The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the health-related physical fitness for the patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis and determine the suitability of Eurofit Test Battery for adults to decide their health-related physical fitness level. Eighteen patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (age 49.7+17.9, 10 female / 8 male) was evaluated and compared with 22 age-matched healthy subjects (age 50.5 + 9.4 years, 13 female / 9 male) for this purposes. Eurofit Test Battery for Adults is composed of aerobic fitness, musculoskeletal fitness, motor fitness, and anthropometry components. Aerobic fitness, which was assessed by six minutes walking distance, was lower in the patient group than controls (p < 0.05). Hemodialysis patients had lower motor fitness (0.000) and musculoskeletal fitness including vertical jump and handgrip tests (0.047, 0.002). Percentage of body fat and skinfold thickness values measured from triceps, subscapular, abdominal, and thigh were also lower in patient group (p < 0.05). Additionally no complication was seen during and/or after the tests. In conclusion, the Eurofit for adults may be considered a useful test battery to evaluate the physical fitness and design the health-related physical fitness program based on the Eurofit results in this population.

Physical fitness levels of blind and visually impaired goalball team players

The purpose of this study to verify the effect of playing goalball on some measures of motor fitness. One hundred and three children (agel3-15 years) with varying degrees of blindness were assessed for motor fitness. All participants were male. The participants underwent motor fitness (balance, handgrip, flexibility, vertical jump, isokinetic concentric peak torque) assessments. There were significant differences between goalball players and non-goalball players regarding many motor fitness components. Non-goalball players were inferior in all motor fitness compared with goalball players. This study suggests that goalball may be considered effective option to improve motor skills in visually impaired children.

Chronological and biological age as related to physical fitness in boys 12 to 19 years.

The relative importance of skeletal age and chronological age in explaining body measurements and the relative importance of skeletal age, chronological age, height, weight, and their interactions in explaining motor fitness components are reported. Anthropometric, motor fitness, and skeletal maturity data have been collected in a mixed longitudinal study of Belgian school boys 12+/- - 19+/- years. At each age level multiple regression equations were calculated to evaluate the relative importance of the independent variables. Skeletal age was assessed by the TW2 method and the anthropometric measurements were taken following standard procedures. The motor fitness tests were selected on their factor loading and reliability in the same age range. Between 13 and 16 years a fairly high percentage of the variation in body dimensions is explained by skeletal age (+/-50% for stature). The percentage of explained variance reaches its maximum at 14-15 years. The highest percentage is found for linear dimensions and weight followed by bone width dimensions and circumferences. Triceps and calf skinfolds are not related to skeletal age. Chronological age as such does not contribute in the prediction of body measurements. The interaction between chronological age and skeletal age as such or in combination with height and/or weight have the highest predictive value except for trunk strength (leg lifting) and functional strength (bent arm hang). Except for static strength (arm pull), for which the explained variance ranged from 33% to 58%, the predictive value of body size, maturity, chronological age and their interactions is rather low, varying between 0% and 17%. As for body dimensions, the explained variance reaches its maximum for most motor tests at 14-15 years.