Motivational Dimensions Research Articles

Factor Analysis of Motivational and Deterrent Factors among Voluntary Non-Remunerated Blood Donors in Ibadan, Nigeria

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish which motivational, deterrent and socio-demographic factors that would engender long-term commitment to voluntary, non-remunerated blood donation. Study Design and Methods: A cross-sectional sample survey of blood donors who participated in the 2021 world blood donor day in Ibadan, Nigeria, was conducted. Donors filled in a self-administered questionnaire during donation. Data on motivation and deterrent were analyzed using factor analysis. Results: The majority of the blood donors were aged 21-40 years and they had donated 0-53 times in the past. Three-quarters had donated at least 10 times previously. Two dimensions of blood-donor motivation were identified with factor analysis. These were: self-esteem and social reasons (such as the influence of friends and family). The most important deterrent factors for blood donation were ‘hate sight of blood” and time taken to donate. Conclusion: The motivation factors for being a VNRD are related to self-esteem and social factors. We recommend that these factors should be the backbone of campaigns and awareness programme in effort to increase and retain VNRD pool our environment.

Pride or Rainbow-Washing? Exploring LGBTQ+ Advertising from the Vested Stakeholder Perspective

Brands increasingly address social inequalities by means of advertising. Inclusive advertising can, however, damage brands if consumers suspect insincere and extrinsic motivations. For instance, many companies that have engaged in identity-targeting advertisements face ‘washing’ accusations, particularly by members of the targeted social group. Still, our understanding of how these vested stakeholders determine whether brands are washing remains superficial. Further, little is known about when perceptions of washing lead to a loss of approval by the targeted community. Analyzing interviews with 24 LGBTQ+ individuals, we found that vested stakeholders construct motivational attributions guided by the salience of their minority identities. Specifically, respondents with highly salient minority identities sourced cues from both the advertisements and the advertisement’s organizational context to inform the attributions on which they base their washing perceptions and the corresponding negotiation of social approval. Thus, we highlight how identity salience influences the evaluation of targeted advertisements and outline which cues minority consumers employ to inform their motivational attributions and washing evaluations. We also discuss when perceived washing can lead to a loss of the target communities’ social license to operate (SLO), thereby engaging in theory building by integrating self-categorization theory (SCT) and attribution theory into the SLO framework.

Am I a math person? Linking math identity with students’ motivation for mathematics and achievement

Based on the expectancy-value perspective on identity and identity formation, this paper explores the relationship between math identity (MI) and the dimensions of motivation (i.e. intrinsic value, attainment value, utility value and perceived competence) and math achievement in primary school. An additional aim of our research was to explore these relationships in different cultural contexts and investigate potential gender and grade differences concerning MI. The participants were 11,782 primary school students from Norway, Sweden, Estonia, Finland, Portugal and Serbia. All predictors from the motivation spectrum were significant for students’ MI across the examined countries and had a stronger association with MI than math achievement. Among the motivational dimensions, intrinsic value had the strongest association with students’ MI. Boys had significantly more positive math identities than girls in Estonia, Finland, Norway and Portugal. The results showed that the grade 4 students perceived themselves less as “math persons” than their grade 3 peers in all countries.

Examining the Impact of Transformational Leadership in the Development of Organizational Voice An Analysis of the Mediating Impact of Information and Communication Technology

The existence of organizations that give importance to the role of the thoughts and ideas of individual members and allow the employees to express new opinions and ideas in accordance with the new developments of the information age; leaders are needed to be the pioneers of this important thing. The present study has been conducted with the objective of examining the influence of revolutionary leadership on the emergence of organizational voice with an investigation of the impact of information and communication technology. The research method is descriptive of the correlation type, to evaluate the data; the statistical methods of correlation, multiple regression and mediation of structural equations were used. The findings explained that transformational leadership has an important effect on both variables (organizational voice, information technology). Despite the truth that the coefficient of influence of two dimensions of motivation and social support is positive and more than other dimensions, also the level of influence of transformative leadership with the medium of negative information technology (-0.20) was obtained.

Exploring Reading Motivation of Undergraduate Level Students: A Narrative Inquiry

Exploring Reading Motivation of Undergraduate Level Students: A Narrative Inquiry

Understanding civil servants’ public service motivation, withdrawal behavior, and taking-charge behavior through the lens of self-determination theory

Contemporary public management research has focused heavily on the consequences of public service motivation (PSM). However, only a handful of studies have been conducted to develop context-indifferent measurement scales that reflect the nature of this central concept, which ranges along a continuum from controlled to autonomous motivation. This study proposes a new PSM model grounded in self-determination theory (SDT) and empirically validates two behavioral elements for the SDT-based PSM using data from Guangdong Province of China. Specifically, it is found that (1) the withdrawal behavior of public employees is positively influenced by their external PSM, negatively associated with identified and introjected PSM, and independent of intrinsic and integrated PSM; (2) there are positive relationships between introjected-, intrinsic-, identified-PSM, and taking-charge behavior; and (3) integrated and external PSM do not show significant outcome effects. Acknowledging that different motivational dimensions underlying the SDT-based PSM vary in their importance to the stimulation of withdrawal and taking-charge behaviors, the paper concludes with a future agenda for SDT- and PSM-related research that can be furthered in a manner that enriches theory or illuminates practice.

Mark his motives: A motivational attribution perspective on observer responses to peer helping behaviors.

Mutual help among members is critical to the accomplishment of complex tasks in an organization. Helping behaviors are infectious, and employees learn to imitate their coworkers' helping behaviors through observation. However, whether coworker helping triggers imitation learning depends on observers' motivational attributions for coworker helping behaviors to some extent. Based on attribution theory and approach-avoidance framework, this research explored the approach and avoidance-oriented emotional and behavioral consequences of observers' prosocial and impression management motivational attributions of coworker helping behavior. An experimental study with 178 participants and a field study with 259 employees was conducted. The results revealed that observers attribute coworkers' helpfulness to prosocial motivation, which elicited observers' approach-oriented emotions (i.e., positive empathy) and behaviors (i.e., helping behavior) and reduced coworker exclusion, while impression-management motivation elicited observers' avoidance-oriented emotions (i.e., disgust) and behaviors (i.e., coworker exclusion) and reduced helping behavior. The results suggest that prosocial motivational attributions and impression management motivational attributions are key factors in determining whether observers have approach- or avoidance-oriented emotions and behaviors toward coworker helping. Accordingly, individual employees and managers should focus on employees' motivation to help others in order to promote mutual support and harmony in the workplace.

The Relationship Between Mobbing, Public Service Motivation, and Internalization of Mission in Public Sector

This study aims to reveal the relationship between public service motivation and mobbing levels of public employees and the level of internalization of the mission. For this purpose, data were collected from 461 academics from different titles working in public universities operating in Türkiye. The obtained data were first subjected to Pearson correlation analysis and then hierarchical regression analysis. According to the correlation analysis findings, there is a statistically significant relationship between public service motivation and the internalization of the mission in the positive direction and between mobbing and the internalization of the mission in the adverse order. In the first model of the hierarchical regression analysis, it was observed that there was a positive significant relationship between the dimensions of public service motivation and the internalization of the mission. In the second model, mobbing dimensions were added to the analysis. According to the analysis results, the dimensions of attacks on self-expression and communication and attacks on professional status negatively predict the internalization of the mission. As a result, there is a statistically significant relationship between public service motivation, mobbing, and internalization of the mission. However, the public service motivations of academics who are mobbed for self-expression and communication, and professional status are negatively affected, and this may cause a decrease in the level of internalization of the mission.

The Influence of Motivation, Work Environment and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at PT. Tamim Zada Rajawali

This research aims to investigate the specific dimensions of motivation, work environment, and work discipline and their influence on employee performance at PT. Tamim Zada Rajawali. Utilizing quantitative techniques and descriptive methods, the study employs multiple linear regression inferential analysis to interpret the data. Primary data is collected through closed questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents, and the analysis is conducted using the Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) program version 23.0. The findings reveal a notable contradiction in the impact of motivation (X1), which exhibits a negative and significant effect, contrary to initial expectations. On the other hand, Work Environment (X2) and Work Discipline (X3) demonstrate positive and significant effects on the dependent variable, namely employee performance. The unexpected result regarding motivation prompts the need for further investigation and clarification. Based on the study results, it is recommended that companies pay close attention to and evaluate employee performance to enhance overall effectiveness. This research contributes valuable insights for organizations aiming to improve employee performance through a comprehensive understanding of motivation, work environment, and work discipline dynamics.

Compulsive sexual behavior disorder in an inpatient sample with substance use disorder.

Several studies indicate that compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) shares core elements with substance use disorder (SUD). These findings support the assumption of common mechanisms in addiction, which may lead to a higher tendency in patients with SUD to have comorbid CSBD. Nevertheless, this relationship between CSBD and SUD is poorly understood to date. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of CSBD and its subtype pornography use disorder (PUD) between a SUD group and a matched control group. Herein, we aimed to test whether patients with SUD are more likely to have a comorbid CSBD/PUD. We further hypothesized that a higher CSBD/PUD prevalence in patients with SUD is accompanied by more pronounced CSBD- and PUD-related personal characteristics. We assessed CSBD, PUD, and related personal characteristics in an inpatient SUD sample (N = 92) and a healthy control sample matched by age, gender, and educational level. Primary outcomes were the diagnoses of CSBD/PUD as assessed by questionnaires. CSBD/PUD-related personal characteristics were the early onset of problematic pornography consumption, relationship status as a single person, a high sexual motivation, a high level of time spent watching pornography, and a high degree of problematic pornography consumption (Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale, short version). There was no significant difference between groups regarding CSBD prevalence (SUD sample, 3.3%; control sample, 7.6%) and PUD prevalence (SUD sample, 2.2%; control sample, 6.5%). We found relationship status as a single person and the sexual motivation dimension of importance of sex to be the only CSBD-related personal characteristics that were more pronounced in the SUD sample than the matched control group. Results indicate no higher tendency for patients with SUD to develop comorbid CSBD/PUD, yet important vulnerabilities (eg, emotional dysregulation) should be considered when treating addictive disorder to prevent possible symptom displacement. A strength of the study is that we compared a sample of patients with SUD with a matched control sample and used an instrument based on ICD-11 criteria for CSBD. Possible limitations are significant differences between the groups because of the restrictions in an inpatient clinic that may have influenced responses (eg, roommates) and that the control group was not screened for SUD. Therefore, the results should be interpreted with some caution. We found no evidence of an overcomorbidity of SUD and CSBD/PUD. However, a higher rate of vulnerability factors for CSBD/PUD in the SUD sample might suggest some similarities between SUD and CSBD/PUD.

A STUDY ON THE ANTECEDENTS OF TRAVEL KNOWLEDGE SHARING BEHAVIOR IN MOBILE SOCIAL MEDIA BASED ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF SELF-DETERMINATION THEORY

This study constructed a research model of the antecedents of mobile social media travel knowledge sharing behavior using self-determination theory and collected data from 403 mobile social media users through online questionnaires. The structural equation modeling (SEM) method was used to test the research model. The aim was to explore the influence of autonomous motivation on the travel knowledge sharing intention and behavior of mobile social media knowledge content creators, as well as the moderating effect of platform incentives (controlled motivation) on the relationship between knowledge sharing intention and behavior. The study addressed the question of how travel knowledge sharing behavior among mobile social media knowledge content creators is generated. The results showed that the autonomous motivation of knowledge contributors is positively related to travel knowledge sharing intention and behavior, and the strength of platform incentives (controlled motivation) positively moderates the extent to which knowledge sharing intention translates into knowledge sharing behavior. The innovation of this study lies in its first attempt to measure the autonomous motivation of knowledge creators to share knowledge using a hierarchical user experience, expanding the measurement dimensions of autonomous motivation. Additionally, the finding that platform incentives (controlled motivation) have a positive moderating effect on the relationship between travel knowledge sharing intention and behavior differs from the majority of existing research perspectives.

The fatigue-inducing effects of cancer and its therapy are characterized by decreased physical activity in the absence of any motivational deficit

Although cancer and its therapy are well known to be associated with fatigue, the exact nature of cancer-related fatigue remains ill-defined. We previously reported that fatigue-like behavior induced independently by tumor growth and by the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin is characterized by reduced voluntary wheel running and an intact motivation to expand effort for food rewards. The present set of experiments was initiated to characterize the functional consequences of fatigue induced by chemoradiotherapy in tumor-bearing mice and relate them to changes in the expression of genes coding for inflammation, mitochondria dynamics and metabolism. Two syngeneic murine models of cancer were selected for this purpose, a model of human papilloma virus-related head and neck cancer and a model of lung cancer. In both models, tumor-bearing mice were submitted to chemoradiotherapy to limit tumor progression. Two dimensions of fatigue were assessed, the physical dimension by changes in physical activity in mice trained to run in wheels and the motivational dimension by changes in the performance of mice trained to nose poke to obtain a food reward in a progressive ratio schedule of food reinforcement. Chemoradiotherapy reliably decreased wheel running activity but had no effect on performance in the progressive ratio in both murine models of cancer. These effects were the same for the two murine models of cancer and did not differ according to sex. Livers and brains were collected at the end of the experiments for qRT-PCR analysis of expression of genes coding for inflammation, mitochondria dynamics, and metabolism. The observed changes were mainly apparent in the liver and typical of activation of type I interferon and NF-κB-dependent signaling, with alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and a shift toward glycolysis. Although the importance of these alterations for the pathophysiology of cancer-related fatigue remains to be explored, the present findings indicate that fatigue brought on by cancer therapy in tumor-bearing mice is more physical than motivational.

Evolution of motivation in co‐creation: Recruit, retain and complete in a project on new food product co‐creation

The study explores the motivation of consumers to join and participate in new product co‐creation, distinguishing between recruitment before, retainment during and finalizing of a co‐creation project. The research is based on follow‐up interviews with participants in a project covering the initial stages of new food product development (i.e., idea generation, idea screening and concept development) involving older consumers and carried out in a physical environment. Different motivation factors were deemed important by consumers before, during and at the closure of the project. Consumers joined the project motivated by curiosity and desire to meet new people. While performing the creative tasks, they continued the engagement due to the positive anticipation and enjoyment of new activities, as well as positive feedback loops. At the closure of the project, the usefulness of outcomes and the received recognition became important and strengthened the perceived creative self‐efficacy of participants. The findings offer useful recommendations for organizers of co‐creation, enabling the recruitment and retainment of consumers who could successfully deliver creative outputs and complete the project. The study offers novel insights relevant to participatory innovations looking at the temporal dimension of motivation to co‐create and highlights the dynamic changes in salience of the motivation factors.

Development and validation of the geriatric apathy scale: Examining multi-dimensional apathy profiles in a neurodegenerative population with cultural considerations

BACKGROUNDApathy is a common motivational deficit in neurodegenerative diseases, but lacks a culturally sensitive tool accounting for ethnic Chinese culture's impact on motivation initiation. This study developed and validated the Geriatric Apathy Scale (GAS), comprehensively incorporating cultural nuances, setting diagnostic cutoffs, and examining apathy's multi-dimensional aspects in a neurodegenerative cohort. METHODSThe 16-item GAS was developed by considering ethnic Chinese cultural characteristics and conducting a literature review. The study involved 296 participants, comprising 113 with Parkinson’s disease (PD), 66 with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and 117 healthy controls (HC). All participants completed the GAS, Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), Mini-Mental State Examination, and Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). RESULTSThe GAS showed good internal consistency (r = 0.862) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.767). It correlated moderately with the AES (r = 0.639, p < .001), weakly with GDS-15 (r = 0.166, p < .01), and negatively with ADLs (r = −1.19, p < .05). Clinical diagnosis cutoff scores were identified at 15.5 for PD (sensitivity: 0.789; specificity: 0.693) and 12.5 for AD (sensitivity: 0.821; specificity: 0.632). Noteworthy disparities were observed in the Cognition and Social Motivation dimension, with elevated severity in both PD and AD compared to HC (p < .01). Interestingly, within-group comparisons revealed greater apathy severity in the Cognition and Social Motivation dimension for PD (p < .001) and AD (p = .001) versus Emotional Response and Expression and Spontaneous Behavioral Activation. CONCLUSIONSThe GAS, a psychometrically validated scale, assesses apathy in neurodegenerative populations, accounting for ethnic Chinese culture's influence. It establishes clinical cutoff points and explores the multi-dimensional nature of apathy.

No person is an island: how employees attribute and react to coworkers' approach crafting

Purpose Taking attribution theory as an overarching framework, the study aims to examine how employees attribute and respond to a colleague's approach crafting.Design/methodology/approach Two complementary studies, including a scenario experiment (Study 1; N = 114) and an online survey (Study 2; N = 220), were conducted to test the hypothesized model.Findings Study 1 found support for the attribution of a prosocial motive to approach crafting, which in turn led to more social support and less social undermining among observers. This mediation was stronger when the job crafter was perceived as less other-oriented. Study 2 replicated the findings of Study 1 and further showed that when observers attributed both high impression management and prosocial motives to approach crafting, the positive relationship between their prosocial motive attribution and social support for the job crafter got weakened, while the negative relationship between their prosocial motive attribution and social undermining of the job crafter was strengthened.Originality/value The findings demonstrate that approach crafting gives rise to specific attributions and reactions toward the job crafter, which enrich the understanding of the social consequences of job crafting in the workplace.

Market segmentation and consumer motivations in protected natural parks: A study from Spain.

There has been an increase in the interest of tourists in the environment and enjoying it in recent years. This research aims to: a) Identify the motivational dimensions in the protected natural parks and b) Analyze the different segments in the protected natural parks. The research was conducted in the Posets-Maladeta protected area in Spain. The sample comprises 422 surveys got in situ. Data analysis involved the execution of factor analysis and non-hierarchical K-means segmentation. The findings suggest the presence of nine motivational dimensions in the protected natural park studied: self-development, interpersonal relationships, security measures, establishing personal bonds, escape, ego-defensive function, nature, entertainment, and rewards. In addition, within this protected natural park is confirmed the presence of two distinct segments: one focused on nature and the other encompassing multiple motives. The results contribute management guidelines for natural park managers for the benefit of communities and visitors. Additionally, this work can serve as a valuable addition to the academic literature concerning ecotourism.

The patronage of religious tourism seen from its motivations that predict satisfaction and loyalty: The Virgin of Chaguaya in Bolivia.

This study focused on pilgrimages as part of religious tourism and aimed to achieve the following objectives: identify the main motivational factors of religious tourism focused on pilgrimages; analyze the motivational dimensions that predict satisfaction in religious tourism focused on pilgrimages; analyze the motivational dimensions that predict loyalty in religious tourism focused on pilgrimages. The study was conducted during the pilgrimage to the Virgin of Chaguaya in Bolivia. The sample consisted of 384 tourists who were surveyed on-site. The statistical techniques used included factor analysis and multiple regression. The results revealed four motivational dimensions: Tourism and Escape, Religious Experience, Belief Experience, and Shopping. Additionally, specific motivations that influence the satisfaction and loyalty of attendees at religious events such as pilgrimages have been identified, among them the "Religious Experience" and the "Belief Experience" motivational dimensions. The findings will contribute to planning and management guidelines for religious event administrators and provide information to academic literature.

The Construction of Digital Management Platform for Civic and Political Education for Future College Education and Its Intelligent Teaching Practice

Abstract Civic education in colleges and universities is facing the transformation of digital management mode, and this paper proposes to build a whole-process autonomous multi-dimensional fusion platform for the implementation and management of civic education in colleges and universities. The platform takes the big data analysis layer, object application layer and service management layer as the overall structure, builds the dynamic database of the Civic and Political Education program, and superimposes the tripartite comprehensive evaluation database. This paper improves the Apriori algorithm for association rules and applies the improved algorithm to the management platform for information mining. Intelligent teaching practices are designed based on the digital management platform, and their teaching effectiveness is analyzed. The performance of the Apriori algorithm before and after optimization is compared, and with the optimized algorithm, the execution efficiency is improved by about 10% to 15%. Students using the Civics education platform showed significant differences at the 1% level in all three dimensions of cognitive load, learning motivation, and mind-flow experience compared to students in the traditional teaching mode.

Integration Strategies of Sports Culture in Ethnic Areas and Volleyball Teaching in Colleges and Universities

Abstract The integration of ethnic area sports culture and college sports teaching in the multicultural environment is the inevitable development of education and teaching in the new era. This paper combines the analysis of the impact of the school sports curriculum in a multicultural environment and the form of development of sports culture, combines the sports culture of ethnic areas with college volleyball teaching in order to promote the implementation of sports ideological and political education in colleges and universities and to realize the development of differences and unity in the context of multivariate evaluation of college volleyball teaching. Combine the objectives of college volleyball teaching with the national sports culture to construct the volleyball course content system. Propose methods for training teachers, create a knowledge map of college volleyball teaching materials, and use the enhanced TF-IDF algorithm to extract keywords and increase volleyball teaching resource allocation. Statistics of volleyball teaching in colleges and universities integrating national sports culture, analyzing the influence of learning atmosphere*teaching level, learning atmosphere*attention on the cultivation of national sports culture. Combine the improvement of volleyball skills, physical quality, and independent learning ability before and after teaching to analyze the advantages of college volleyball teaching that integrates ethnic sports culture. The overall mean value of “the current situation of volleyball teaching integrating ethnic sports culture” is 8.97, which is at a good level. In the three dimensions of learning motivation, learning process, and learning outcome, the P-value of the experimental class and the control class is less than or equal to 0.05, which indicates that the students in the experimental class are better than the students in the control class in the three dimensions of independent learning ability in sports. Volleyball teaching that integrates the sports culture of ethnic regions has the beneficial effect of promoting the development of sports culture as well as enhancing the development of students’ volleyball skills.

Research on Innovative Methods of Dance Teaching in Colleges and Universities under Big Data Thinking

Abstract This paper combines big data technology to design and construct the choreography process of dance movements in colleges and universities, decompose the dance movement features and use Kalman filtering to process the extracted dance movement data. Through the world coordinate system to complete the modeling of dance movements, feature Comparison and center of gravity velocity movement analysis. Examples are used to analyze the feasibility of integrating big data thinking into dance teaching in colleges and universities, and the teaching effect is verified by combining students’ essential dance performance, affective performance and comprehensive ability evaluation. After applying the model, students in both classes improved their independent learning ability. Still, the difference between the experimental and control classes was significant in both dimensions of learning motivation and learning strategy, with t-values of 23.012 and 23.127, respectively, p&lt;0.05.