Psychological Motivation Research Articles

Drawing a satisfying picture: An exploratory study of human-AI interaction in AI Painting through breakdown–repair communication strategies

Artificial intelligence (AI) painting represents a burgeoning field in AI-generated content; however, there is limited research on users’ preferences and biases concerning AI painting compared to traditional forms of art. This study seeks to shed light on the communication and interaction dynamics between painters and AI tools in the process of creating a satisfactory image. A self-report study involving 52 volunteers and 312 reports was conducted, analyzing users’ communication strategies amid AI painting-related communication breakdowns. The investigation aimed to unveil users’ experiences, behavioral patterns, psychological motivations, and needs. The study identified three primary communication barrier categories in AI painting and proposed 10 corresponding repair strategies. It established a user experience framework within the evolving dynamics of user interaction, encompassing behavioral patterns and psychological motivations. Users’ perceptions of the AI painting system significantly impacted the interaction process, leading to an anthropomorphic view of the system as a “potential assistant” and the continuous use of effective strategies to “train” the AI painting system. Conversely, perceiving the system as a “flawed collaborator” prompted the adaptive expectation strategy. Persistent repair failures may lead to users attributing responsibility to the limitation of AI system, culminating in interaction termination. The study also explores the influence of user interaction experiences, including user background and interaction efficiency. By modeling users’ behavior patterns and underlying psychological cognitions, this research enhances the understanding of user psychology and preferences, an understanding that can be used to improve the efficiency of human–computer communication.

FOSTERING PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING AND IGNITING WORK MOTIVATION IN EMPLOYEES: GENDER AS MODERATOR

In today's rapidly evolving work environments, organisations recognize the critical importance of fostering psychological well-being and igniting work motivation among their employees. This study aims to explore the role of gender as a buffering effect in the association between employees’ psychological well-being and its work motivation. The study comprised 385 Malaysian public sector personnel as participants. While psychological well-being and work motivation are universal concerns, gender differences may shape the ways in which individuals perceive and respond to various organisational strategies and practices aimed at enhancing these outcomes. The study's results reveal a significant relationship between psychological well-being and employees' motivation, indicating that individuals with higher levels of environmental mastery exhibit greater drive and enhanced performance in the workplace. Interestingly, the study finds that female employees tend to have slightly lower levels of motivation compared to their male counterparts, although the difference is not statistically significant. These findings hold valuable implications for professionals and policymakers, shedding light on the intricate interplay between work motivation, individual performance, and well-being, particularly in the public sector. Furthermore, the study delves into the practical applications of human capital and organisational behaviour, offering actionable insights for leveraging these concepts to optimize employee motivation and productivity.

Coaching dynamics in elite volleyball: The role of a need-supportive and need-thwarting coaching style during competitive games

Grounded in Self-Determination Theory, this game-to-game study among Flemish volleyball coaches and athletes had two primary objectives. First, we examined how variations in need-supportive and need-thwarting coaching styles related to variations in athletes’ basic psychological needs, motivation, and coach-rated performance. Second, we examined whether athletes who perceived their coach as need-thwarting during a specific game would experience different outcomes based on the overall need-supportive or need-thwarting coaching style they encountered across games. Linear mixed modeling on data from 190 elite volleyball athletes (Mage = 23.95, 32.6 % male) and their 26 coaches (Mage = 48.12, 95.7 % male) indicated positive associations between game-specific need-supportive coaching and athletes’ reports of game-specific basic psychological need experiences and motivation, as well as coach-rated performance, whereas game-specific need-thwarting coaching showed opposite trends. Athlete perceptions of a coaching style were more predictive of the outcomes than coach perceptions. Second, the lack of systematic cross-level interactions between game-specific coaching and team-level coaching indicated that the observed correlates of game-specific need-thwarting and need-supportive coaching hold regardless of the perceived overall need-thwarting or need-supportive style of the coach across games.

Enhancing Learning Efficacy for Chinese Undergraduates Majoring in Music — A Constructive Approach

In 1977, the American psychologist Albert Bandura first proposed the concept of Self-efficacy. Once proposed, this concept has had an impact on several research fields. In the field of music learning, self-efficacy, as the intrinsic psychological motivation in the process of music learning, is an important factor affecting students' music learning. This paper examines the self-efficacy status of undergraduates majoring in Music in China using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Based on the results of 50 questionnaires and 6 interviews, this study further proposed possible strategies to enhance students' self-efficacy from a constructivist approach. Constructivism learning theory emphasizes the dynamic nature of knowledge, the richness and difference of students' experience, and the active construction of learning, social interaction and situation, which has certain theoretical value and practical significance for college music education. This paper is expected to provide future researchers and educators in music education with research-driven theoretical support on how to facilitate undergraduates' music learning.

A Study on College Students' Motivation of Searching for "Travel Partners" to Travel Together

The rise of the Internet has made the forms of youth tourism more diverse, and child travel is a new type of companion travel in recent years. This paper studies the composition and characteristics of college students' group companion travel motivation through in-depth interviews, and summarizes their travel behavior and psychological motivation driven by different needs. This study reviews the previous research on the motivation of Internet-based self-help travel, and finds that there are differences in the ways of obtaining travel companions between child travel and Internet-based self-help travel. At last, the study points out the "emotional hidden trouble" behind the child-friendly tourism, and looks forward to the innovation that the tourism virtual community platform can make to meet the trend of child-friendly tourism, so as to ensure the safety and convenience of child-friendly tourism.

Interactive effects of users’ openness and robot reliability on trust: evidence from psychological intentions, task performance, visual behaviours, and cerebral activations

Although trust plays a vital role in human-robot interaction, there is currently a dearth of literature examining the effect of users’ openness personality on trust in actual interaction. This study aims to investigate the interaction effects of users’ openness and robot reliability on trust. We designed a voice-based walking task and collected subjective trust ratings, task metrics, eye-tracking data, and fNIRS signals from users with different openness to unravel the psychological intentions, task performance, visual behaviours, and cerebral activations underlying trust. The results showed significant interaction effects. Users with low openness exhibited lower subjective trust, more fixations, and higher activation of rTPJ in the highly reliable condition than those with high openness. The results suggested that users with low openness might be more cautious and suspicious about the highly reliable robot and allocate more visual attention and neural processing to monitor and infer robot status than users with high openness.

A psychological study of Cantonese tone confusion based on computer experimental data

The paper is based on computer experimental data and aims at investigating the pronunciation of Cantonese tones by 40 participants in Guancheng. Accordingly, three methods, namely, the preparatory pronunciation, pronunciation experiment and perception experiment were applied to examine the tones. The methods correspond to three levels of psychological identification. As the result, confusions of Cantonese tones were summarized and the related reasons were analyzed. The psychological identification of different levels was found to show different trends in the confusion of the tone. Moreover, according to the preparatory experiment, as shallow level psychological identity, the similarity of the adjustment and modulation can be argued to be the internal reason of the confusion. As the medium level psychological identity, the pronunciation experiment suggested that the weakening of socialized pronunciation can lead to tone confusion. Finally, as the deep psychological identity, the experimental study of perception demonstrated the perceptual similarity as the direct psychological motivation of the confusion..

A Study of the Use of Mathematical Models in a Blind Box Economy

Since 2016, blind boxes have been loved by consumers, and the blind box economy has exploded. However, the blind box economy is closely linked with mathematical models. The mathematical models could be research predictions of profit and loss in blind boxes. Such functions as the loss function can assess the purchase probability of the blind box as well as how to avoid massive losses. Neural networks and Linear regression can predict the price changes of the blind box. Besides, we can predict and analyze the psychological and behavioral motivations of consumers. Therefore, the passage through literature reading and specific data analysis methods focuses on the mathematical models such as Loss function , Neural network and Linear regression that are applied in the blind box now. And the passage also describes the predictional model of profit and loss controdiction to avoid consumers consuming excessively a pig in a poke. At present, Linear regression can analysis and calculate investment with the blind box, but it should consider a lot of factors that can cause errors. Neural network can predict price changes, and it needs a large amount of data to support the model. Loss function can be used to predict the profit and loss of a blind box, but it also needs a large amount of data to prove its accuracy.

Correlations among positive psychological capital, research motivation, and research ability by master's degree nursing students: A structural equation modeling

BackgroundNursing research ability is an important force in improving the quality of nursing care and driving the development of the discipline. As the main force and reserve force of nursing research, master's degree nursing students should have certain research ability. The contributing factors and their relationships that challenge research ability among master's degree nursing students must be fully understood, as this level of knowledge can support the development of strategies and interventions that improve the research ability of master's degree nursing students. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the relationships among positive psychological capital, research motivation, and research ability by master's degree nursing students. In addition, we investigated whether research motivation mediates the relationship between positive psychological capital and research ability. DesignA descriptive cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire. SettingThe study sampled master's degree nursing students from colleges in Sichuan, Fujian, Hubei, and Tianjin Province, China. ParticipantsFrom February 2022 to April 2022, 377 master's degree nursing students were chosen by a convenience sample method. MethodsData were gathered using a general information questionnaire, the Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PPCQ), the Research Motivation Scale (RMS), and the Nursing Research Ability of Self-Evaluation Questionnaire (NRASQ). Both SPSS 26.0 and Amos 28.0. were used to handle and analyze the data. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling were all used in the data analysis process. The reporting followed the STROBE checklist. ResultsPositive psychological capital was found to be positively correlated with research ability (P < 0.01). Research motivation was also positively correlated with research ability (P < 0.01), and had a mediating effect on the relationship between positive psychological capital and research ability (P < 0.01). ConclusionsThe positive psychological capital and research motivation of master's degree nursing students are positively correlated with research ability. Research motivation significantly mediates the relationship between positive psychological capital and research ability. The findings of this study can inform educational strategies and interventions for the development of research ability of master's degree nursing students.

Are gluten-free products healthy for non-celiac consumers? How the perception of well-being moderates gluten-free addiction

Gluten-free products are showing an acceleration in assortment and sales growth. Nevertheless, these data should be read considering that a minimal share of the population is allergic or intolerant to gluten compared to the market share of gluten-free products. This study aims to understand why non-gluten-sensitive consumers purchase and consume gluten-free products. Through a survey, we seek to explore how the perception of well-being can contribute to the desire for gluten-free products among these consumers, potentially leading to an addiction to such products. A sample of 182 Italian consumers with no disease, such as Celiac Disease, Gluten Sensitivity, or Dermatitis Herpetiformis, was surveyed online. The empirical results of the Structural Equation Model highlight that the purchase of gluten-free products is based solely on hedonistic-emotional psychological motivations. Furthermore, care for well-being positively moderates the intention-addiction relationship leading healthy consumers to be addicted to gluten-free products. Medical studies have highlighted problems with the consumption of gluten-free products by healthy individuals. However, results evidence a growing trend among the population to consume gluten-free products for psychological and well-being reasons. These findings sparked a debate on the topic and raised important considerations for operators and policymakers.

How backstory and direct address reformulate the Shakespearean character on television: The case of the missing psychological motivation for House of Cards’ Frank Underwood

This article delves into narrative elements of direct address and backstory in television, focusing on House of Cards (2012–19), Shakespeare’s Richard III and Game of Thrones (2011–19). Comparing dramaturgical approaches in stage plays and TV series, the study highlights House of Cards’ unique incorporation of a pragmatic use of the direct address to create ‘world-view’ for character exploration. The analysis extends to Game of Thrones, emphasizing Tyrion Lannister’s self-descriptive addresses revealing a psychological struggle rooted in rejection and backstory. The article proposes a methodological framework linking first lines or direct addresses to character backstories, emphasizing the role of self-descriptive asides in character creation. It introduces the concept of a ‘psychological motivational arc’ within character arcs, exploring how direct addresses contribute to nonlinear character development. Concluding with an in-depth examination of House of Cards’ Frank Underwood, it scrutinizes Willimon’s ‘show, don’t tell’ approach, questioning its potential limitations on character depth and challenging traditional screenwriting advice. The analysis unravels the interplay between direct address, backstory, and character development in television series, offering insights into evolving narrative techniques and their implications for contemporary screenwriting.

Incentives of the Mind: Kant and Baumgarten on the Impelling Causes of Desire

Abstract In this paper I propose to shed new light on the role of feeling in Kant’s psychology of moral motivation by focusing on his concept of an incentive (Triebfeder), which he borrowed from one of his most important rationalist predecessors, Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten. I argue that, similar to Baumgarten, Kant understands an incentive to refer to the ground of desire, and that feelings function as a specific kind of ground within Kant’s psychology of moral action, namely as the ‘impelling cause’ of desire. I claim that this interpretation has several advantages over the alternatives currently on offer in the literature.

Need Satisfaction, Motivation, and Learning Strategies in Undergraduate Kinesiology Students

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of basic psychological need satisfaction and motivation on students’ use of deep and surface learning strategies across undergraduate kinesiology courses. This study used a survey consisting of demographic questions and three self-report questionnaires assessing basic need satisfaction, motivation, and deep and surface learning strategies. The survey was administered via Qualtrics at the end of two semesters (fall 2020 and spring 2021). The participants consisted of 1,125 undergraduate kinesiology students (81.9% female, 55.3% white, 94.8% non-Hispanic) at a midsize university in the southeastern part of the United States. Path modeling showed that intrinsic motivation was influenced by autonomy, competence, and relatedness, while identified regulation was influenced by autonomy and competence. Relatedness also influenced both introjected regulation and external regulation. Participants’ intrinsic motivation and identified regulation negatively predicted surface learning strategies while external regulation positively predicted surface learning strategies. Intrinsic motivation and identified motivation predicted deep learning strategies. Interestingly, all three basic psychological needs predicted deep learning strategies. These findings underscore the importance of satisfying basic needs to influence motivation and, in certain cases, learning strategies. While it is evident that the use of deep learning strategies would be highly beneficial for this group of learners, kinesiology students may not rely on these strategies due to a lack of intrinsic motivation and basic need satisfaction. Although future research is necessary to test the causal links between these constructs, supporting students’ basic psychological needs and fostering intrinsic motivation could contribute to the use of deeper learning strategies.

Aiming high: Learning investments in German upper secondary education. Differences between immigrant and non-immigrant youth

This article addresses important aspects of the largely unexplored interplay between high educational aspirations and low academic achievement in migratory contexts. Using data from the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), I examine the determinants of learning investments of students who changed from vocational to academic tracking at the transition to upper secondary education. I also explore additional social challenges to upward track mobility that might affect immigrant students in a particular way. As educational disparities are often interpreted as a cumulative consequence of class- and migration-specific educational choices, I develop a learning investment model that explains differences in learning investments between immigrant and non-immigrant youth. I introduce the essential mechanisms of psychological motivation theory into a subjective expected utility (SEU) model, which allows for a specific examination of the relationship between educational aspirations, motivation, and learning investments. Results show that newcomers to academic tracking are more likely to invest in learning. Yet, learning investments in upward mobility processes may be influenced by the different learning environments of stratified education and by family dynamics. Here, I find differences between immigrant and non-immigrant youth. Thus, introducing motivational factors into an SEU model helps to understand when youth invest in learning.

Exploring the Impact of Accessibility on Place Attachment in Urban Public Open Spaces: A Case Study of Jiamusi City, China

Urban public open spaces are crucial for residents’ well-being, yet accessibility issues persist, affecting activities and social interactions. To this end, we take the main urban area of Jiamusi City, the most northeastern city in China, as an example. We start by examining both spatial and perceptual dimensions, using the Gaussian two-step moving search method to measure spatial accessibility, combining online data with multi-source data from questionnaires. Furthermore, we utilize structural equation modeling to explore the impact of accessibility on place attachment within urban public open spaces. The results show that (1) accessibility has a positive effect on place attachment, while place satisfaction plays a mediating role. (2) There were significant differences in spatial accessibility across modes of travel. Car travel had the best spatial accessibility, followed by bicycle, and walking had the lowest spatial accessibility. (3) Perceived accessibility and spatial accessibility differ, but perceived accessibility it is more persuasive in explaining and illustrating place attachment. Reducing travel costs and meeting the user needs will effectively increase place attachment and place identity. (4) Social factors such as age, education, and residency length also affect accessibility, satisfaction, and attachment. By understanding the impact of accessibility on place attachment, this study helps urban planners to better design urban spatial layout and transportation networks. It enhances people’s attachment to specific places by improving the convenience of traveling, promotes sustainable urban development, and enriches the discourse on the enhancement of psychological motivation in urban public open spaces.

A Review of Circularity Indicators and Psychological Factors: a Comprehensive Analysis of Circularity Practices in Organizations

Introduction. In a booming global economy of finite resources, pandemics, armed conflict and irresponsible over-consumption, attention to the nature of finite resources becomes imperative. The transition to a circular economic model lies at the intersection of economic development and environmental protection needs, significantly impacting today's society and future generations. Research and understanding of the circular economy are catalysts for accelerating processes to change the current unsustainable paradigm. This study reviews the literature and identifies how circularity indicators are addressed at the organisational level.&#x0D; Aim and tasks. The study aims to review and synthesise the literature on micro-level circular indicators, psychological factors, and relevant theories in the context of organisational performance, as well as identify knowledge gaps and ways the two elements can be integrated into the circularity assessment.&#x0D; Results. The study shows no universally accepted method to measure the circular economy at the organisational level. Most indicators focus only on the environment, ignoring the social dimension, while many indicators in the literature are not standardized and cannot be compared. It has also been identified that the social component needs to be better represented, with all the attention focused on the environment. Within the social component, organisational psychology (organisational culture, satisfaction, attitudes, leadership, motivation, and employee well-being) is almost not represented in the studies and indicators, as they are highly relevant to the social component.&#x0D; Conclusions. This systematic review provides an overview of existing indicators and measurement tools at the organisational level. Following the analysis and results presented above, it can be said that although underexplored, the social dimension of the circular economy has begun to attract attention in the literature. The present research highlights the relevance of the social aspect in the circular economy and suggests that it has been undervalued in research to date. Irrespective of the specific areas of interest of different studies, there is a growing need for a more comprehensive understanding of the social impact of the circular economy, which would include all aspects of social life, from jobs and education to civic engagement and behaviour change.

Grisham's "A Time To Kill": Temporary Insanity And Psychological Theory To Seek Justice

In this study, the psychological effects of racial prejudice within the legal system are investigated. The novel "A Time to Kill" by John Grisham serves as a source of inspiration for this investigation. The study employs a rigorous literary analysis methodology to investigate how Attorney Jake Brigance strategically employs the concept of temporary insanity to navigate the intricate mechanisms of justice. More precisely, the study focuses on how Attorney Brigance takes advantage of that concept. The purpose of this analysis is to dissect the intricate relationship that exists between an individual's psyche and the prejudices that are prevalent in society by delving into the psychological motivations that drive the characters. The purpose of this research is to shed light on the psychological impact of racial prejudice in challenging legal scenarios by examining the emotions that are evoked in both the audience and the characters. These emotions influence decision-making processes and the outcomes of legal cases. This investigation contributes to a deeper understanding of societal issues and the intricate psychological dynamics that are inherent in navigating the legal system in the face of prejudice and injustice. The research paper aims to be accomplished by conducting a comprehensive examination of the psychological themes and legal aspects that are present in Grisham's work.

Explore the Influence of E-commerce Live Broadcast on Consumers' Purchase Intention: Based on the Motivational Psychology Theory

E-commerce online live shopping has become intricately woven into the fabric of people's daily lives. This study adopts empirical statistical research methods to identify factors influencing consumers' purchase intentions within the realm of e-commerce live broadcasting. Drawing upon the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model and motivational psychological theory, a comprehensive model for consumer purchase intentions in the context of e-commerce live streaming is formulated. Users' perceived interactivity, perceived content quality, and perceived trust in live streamers are taken as antecedent variables, and users' emotional motivation and cognitive motivation are taken as intermediate variables. Use the user's purchase intention as the result variable. Assume that the three anthems positively affect the two intermediate variables, and the two intermediate variables positively affect the outcome variables. After a series of data analyses, all the proposed hypothesis studies are valid. In other words, the interaction of users' perception of live broadcasts when watching e-commerce, the quality of content, and their trust in live streamers will positively affect users' emotional motivation and cognitive motivation, and the emotional motivation and cognitive motivation generated by users will also positively affect users' purchase intention. There are mediating effects between affective motivation and cognitive motivation in the hypothesis model.

We can be heroes at work: the relationship between psychological capital, motivation and well-being during the great resignation

PurposeThe Great Resignation has led to a significant increase in the number of people quitting their jobs due to reasons such as stagnant wages, rising cost of living, job dissatisfaction and safety concerns. Therefore, the aim of this study is that it is important to help people develop better cognitive resources to face adversity.Design/methodology/approachThe Great Resignation has led to a significant increase in the number of people quitting their jobs due to reasons such as stagnant wages, rising cost of living, job dissatisfaction and safety concerns. Therefore, it is important to help people develop better cognitive resources to face adversity. In this study, we administered a questionnaire to 250 employees to determine the variables that could help them build cognitive resources. These variables included the satisfaction of basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence and affiliation), psychological capital, motivation regulation (within the self-determination theory) and well-being (assessed by self-esteem, positive emotions, positive automatic thoughts and vitality). The results revealed that satisfaction of basic needs is associated with better psychological capital and more self-autonomous behavior, which leads to higher psychological well-being. These findings are discussed in the paper, emphasizing the importance of management and work context that satisfy the basic needs and help to build resources with psychological capital.FindingsThe results revealed that satisfaction of basic needs is associated with better psychological capital and more self-autonomous behavior, which leads to higher psychological well-being. These findings are discussed in the paper, emphasizing the importance of management and work context that satisfy the basic needs and help to build resources with psychological capital.Originality/valueHighlight the importance of consequences of the Great Resignation and the need to internationalize this concept.

Linguistic Personality of the Marvel Cinematic Universe Character Nebula: Narrative and LIWC Analyses

Blockbuster films intended for an international audience often depict universally recognisable psychological motivations and limitations, presenting characters whose verbal expressions create distinct psychological impressions. This paper focused on the relationship between language use, including narratives and psychological categories of words, and the psychological traits of cinematic personalities. The study aimed to investigate how a character's language usage exposed their personality, psychological attributes, and transformations throughout their story arc and archetype. To achieve this, in the research a connection between Maslow's hierarchy of human needs, Jung's concept of archetypes, and Schmidt's typology of master characters in fiction was drawn, which expanded the understanding of the heroine Nebula from Guardians of the Galaxy verbal behavior. The research further defined the character's psychological image and arc by analysing their speech patterns. It identified the character's archetypes, namely the Backstabber and the Father's Daughter, and explored the progression between these archetypes. Additionally, the article employed the narrative analysis to construct the character's story. The narrative analysis was concluded with the implementation of the LIWC-22 psycholinguistic analysis in order to validate the findings derived from the psycholinguistics and cinematic studies. This method allowed for a comprehensive examination of the language used by cinematic characters, providing insights into their psychological traits and development. Ultimately, this research has contributed to the comprehension of how people's psychological characteristics are depicted and communicated through language in mass cinematography.