Motivational Counseling Research Articles

Changing an exercise behaviour for physically inactive patients with breast cancer during chemotherapy- the critical role of nurse support: An implementation study.

This implementation study investigates the feasibility of a nurse-led pedometer intervention and motivational counselling for physically inactive people with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy in a real-world oncology outpatient setting. It also evaluates the effectiveness of supportive conversations with specialized nurses in terms of behavior change. Nurses were trained through an 8-h educational program to deliver the intervention. Patients received a pedometer at the start of chemotherapy and attended individual nurse-led counselling sessions every three weeks, focusing on activity levels, motivational factors, and goal setting. Follow-up continued until one year after baseline. The study comprises of qualitative data in form of interviews and quantitative data from a questionnaire to evaluate the feasibility. Twenty patients participated. Motivational counselling by nurses was seen as fundamental for increasing physical activity. Eight out of 19 patients increased or maintained the number of steps they took during chemotherapy. At one-year follow-up, 12 patients were still using the pedometer, and 16 patients felt motivated by the nurses' conversations. Four themes emerged from interviews: 1) supportive and motivating conversations, 2) pedometers provide comfort and discomfort, 3) behavioral changes in everyday life, and 4) ownership and commitment. Nurse-led conversations and pedometers have high impact on change health behaviors in physically inactive people undergoing oncological treatment for breast cancer. The intervention can be easily implemented as it required few resources and minor structural changes.

The effect of online motivational interviewing on pregnant women's smoking cessation behaviour: A randomized controlled trial.

This study aims to examine the effect of online individual motivational interviewing based on the transtheoretical model on pregnant women's smoking cessation behaviour. Sixty-two pregnant women who did not complete the 16th gestational week and who smoked were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 31) and control (n = 31) groups. While the intervention group was administered model-based motivational individual counselling interventions, the control group was administered no interventions. The results showed that 58.1% of the pregnant women in the intervention group and 22.6% of the pregnant women in the control group ceased smoking. Online motivational interviewing based on the transtheoretical model was found to be effective in pregnant women's smoking cessation.

A randomised controlled trial of interventions to promote adoption of physical activity in adults with severe mental illness

Background and aimsAdults with severe mental illness (SMI) have lower physical activity (PA) than the general population. Supervised exercise interventions provide high support but may not effectively promote motivation, which is important for behaviour change. Motivational strategies such as PA counselling may target motivation more directly; however, the effectiveness in people with SMI is unclear. MethodsThis was a randomised controlled trial of interventions designed to promote PA in adults with SMI. Participants were randomised to either: (1) supervised exercise (GYM), or (2) motivational counselling and self-monitoring using fitness trackers (MOT). Group sessions were once/week over 8-weeks. The primary outcome was time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) assessed using GENEActiv accelerometers worn continuously. Change in MVPA was assessed using the cumulative change from baseline, and as a composition of light activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep. ResultsSixty-four participants were allocated (63% male, 82% overweight/obese, 59% psychotic disorder). Accelerometer-derived MVPA increased for the MOT group between baseline and post-intervention, and the cumulative sum of change in MVPA from baseline in the MOT group was higher than the GYM group. Compositional analyses showed stable weekly activity profiles, with no significant changes attributable to group allocation. ConclusionsThe cumulative change in MVPA was higher for MOT than GYM; however, compositional analyses that considers MVPA as a composition of other daily behaviours showed no change in composition over the intervention period. Exercise interventions should incorporate motivational strategies and supervised exercise; future research should investigate behaviour change interventions with longer durations and more frequent sessions. Registration detailsThe trial is registered under the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12617001017314).

Holistic management of illness anxiety disorder (Gadodvega) in a patient after coronary angioplasty: A case study

Gadodvega (~hypochondriasis) is one of the psychiatric disorders mentioned in Ayurveda, which is characterized by excessive suspicion and fear of having some diseases. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 also describes a similar psychiatric condition – Illness anxiety disorder (IAD) which is defined by excessive worry about having or developing a serious undiagnosed medical condition. People with IAD experience persistent anxiety or fear of developing or having a serious medical illness despite normal physical examination and laboratory testing results. In this case report, a 55-year-old male patient reported concern, anxiousness, and repetitive thoughts of having some medical illness to the outpatient department. The patient also had somatic complaints of dizziness and generalized weakness. The symptoms appeared soon after the patient had undergone coronary angioplasty seven months back. The patient was admitted to the inpatient department and treated with a combination of Panchakarma therapies (~internal bio-cleansing therapies), internal medications, motivational counseling, Yogasana (~Yogic posture), Pranayama (~breathing exercises), and relaxation therapy along with Mahamrityunjaya mantra chanting. The patient was assessed based on signs, symptoms, and Health Anxiety Index (HAI) scale. The patient showed significant improvement in signs and symptoms during his hospital stay and follow-up along with a significant reduction in HAI scoring from 55 to 12. Thus, it can be inferred that Gadodvega or IAD can be efficiently treated through a holistic approach of Daivavyapashraya (~spiritual therapy), Yuktivyapashraya (~logic-based treatment), and Satvavajaya chikitsa (~counselling).

Testing the effectiveness of a virtual sustained tobacco treatment: Initial reporting of findings from the EAQ171CD randomized clinical trial conducted by ECOG-ACRIN within the NCI Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP).

376 Background: Persistent smoking among patients diagnosed with cancer is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, yet clinical guidelines for tobacco use interventions have not been integrated into community oncology settings. We conducted a trial of a virtual sustained tobacco treatment intervention across community oncology settings nationally. Methods: This randomized clinical trial, conducted through ECOG-ACRIN, compared the effectiveness of sustained telehealth counseling plus medication (Virtual Sustained Treatment; VST) to referral to the NCI quitline (Enhanced Usual Care; EUC) in assisting recently diagnosed cancer patients to quit smoking. The VST group received up to 11 synchronous telehealth sessions (4 weekly, 4 biweekly, 3 monthly) of motivational counseling and up to 12-weeks of free NRT patch and/or lozenge. Eligibility criteria included adults within 4 months of a new cancer diagnosis, cigarette use in the past 30 days, English/Spanish speaking, and access to an internet-enabled device. The primary outcome is 6-month self-reported 7-day point prevalence abstinence. Results: From 08/2019 to 12/2022, 306 patients were randomized from 30 NCORP Community Sites and 7 Minority/Underserved NCORP sites. Participants were 70.9% female; 86.3% White; 8.8% Black; and 2.9% Hispanic; median age 57 years; 25.5% completed a college degree; 50.3% stages 0-2; 46.4% had non-smoking-related tumors. Median cigarettes per day was 12.0; 72.2% (n = 221/306) smoked within 30 minutes of waking; 49.0% (n = 150/306) were in precontemplation/contemplation stage of readiness to quit. 73.8% (222/301) and 72.2% (210/291) completed the 3 and 6-month outcome assessments. Classifying missing smoking status as smokers, 6-month abstinence rates were 28.4% (42/148) in the VST group vs. 14.7% (21/143) in the EUC group (p<.005). For secondary outcomes, there were no significant differences when adjusted for multiple comparisons (α = 0.0025); abstinence at 3-months was 24.7% (38/154) in the VST group vs. 15.0% (22/147) in the EUC group (p=.035); continuous abstinence at 6 months was 18.9% (28/148) in the VST vs 9.1% (13/143) in the EUC (p=.016). 80.8% (126/156) of individuals randomized to VST participated in counseling; of those, 59.5% (75/126) completed at least 6 sessions, 46.0% (58/126) completed at least one monthly booster session, and 85.7% (108/126) were dispensed 4 weeks of NRT. Conclusions: Among recently diagnosed cancer patients, sustained remotely delivered telehealth counseling and free NRT produced a significantly higher 6-month quit rate than a quitline referral. Findings support adopting a policy of widespread sustained tobacco treatment and implementation of tobacco treatment into community oncology care settings nationwide. Clinical trial information: NCT03808818 .

Experienced facilitators and challenges of practising motivational interaction: How can pre-service physical education teachers adopt more motivational behaviours?

Health promotion professionals can contribute to high-quality motivation and sustained health behaviours, for example, physical activity (PA), using motivational interaction with their target groups. However, evidence shows that even after comprehensive training, professionals do not optimally adopt motivational counselling styles. To improve efforts to help professionals take up and sustain motivational interaction in their practice, we need a better understanding of influences on practising these styles. This study set out to investigate pre-service physical education (PE) teachers' experienced facilitators and challenges of practising motivational interaction. After a training course that aimed to teach pre-service PE teachers the basic ideas and practical techniques of motivational interaction, 19 participants were interviewed. Inductive content analysis was employed to investigate semi-structured interviews. We developed three categories each including both facilitators and challenges of practising motivational interaction: (1) own style of interaction functioned as a basis for practising and involved (a) confidence in skills and resources as well as (b) reflecting, overcoming and forming habits, (2) regulation of one's own behaviour: autonomy and responsibility involved the freedom to choose and plan how to practise but also bearing responsibility for it, and (3) pursuing authentic interaction related to the search for natural ways to use motivational interaction with others. We provide suggestions on how future training can make use of this knowledge and systematically make use of behaviour change science to foster practising motivational interaction, for example, using self-regulation strategies and habit-forming/breaking skills.

Preparing future psychologists to develop motivational systems

This study aimed to investigate the process of developing motivational systems in aesthetic medicine, as undertaken by future psychology graduates. The methodology involved a combination of modelling and experimentation methods in medical clinics, where the effectiveness of motivational systems created by trainees was tested and evaluated. The research combined theoretical knowledge with practical application, enabling a detailed analysis of how motivational systems can be effectively designed and implemented by future specialists in psychology. The key findings demonstrated that practical involvement in real-world settings, such as medical clinics, significantly enhances trainees’ understanding and ability to develop effective motivational systems. The study revealed that integrating practical experience with a professional environment provides valuable insights that a purely theoretical approach cannot offer. The study confirmed that real-world experience in medical clinics helps future psychologists better understand the specific needs and challenges involved in developing motivational systems. Practical training in such settings allows theoretical knowledge to be adapted to real-life situations, significantly improving the effectiveness of the motivational systems created. Future psychologists who had the opportunity to work in clinics demonstrated a high level of skill in addressing practical tasks related to staff motivation, highlighting the substantial contribution of hands-on experience to their training. The research emphasised the importance of integrating practical experience with theoretical instruction in the education of future psychologists, particularly in the context of developing and implementing motivational systems. Educators can utilise the findings to enhance training programmes and approaches to preparing future specialists, especially in the development of specialised courses and training in motivational counselling

Novel Machine Learning HIV Intervention for Sexual and Gender Minority Young People Who Have Sex With Men (uTECH): Protocol for a Randomized Comparison Trial.

Sexual and gender minority (SGM) young people are disproportionately affected by HIV in the United States, and substance use is a major driver of new infections. People who use web-based venues to meet sex partners are more likely to report substance use, sexual risk behaviors, and sexually transmitted infections. To our knowledge, no machine learning (ML) interventions have been developed that use web-based and digital technologies to inform and personalize HIV and substance use prevention efforts for SGM young people. This study aims to test the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of the uTECH intervention, a SMS text messaging intervention using an ML algorithm to promote HIV prevention and substance use harm reduction among SGM people aged 18 to 29 years who have sex with men. This intervention will be compared to the Young Men's Health Project (YMHP) alone, an existing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention best evidence intervention for young SGM people, which consists of 4 motivational interviewing-based counseling sessions. The YMHP condition will receive YMHP sessions and will be compared to the uTECH+YMHP condition, which includes YMHP sessions as well as uTECH SMS text messages. In a study funded by the National Institutes of Health, we will recruit and enroll SGM participants (aged 18-29 years) in the United States (N=330) to participate in a 12-month, 2-arm randomized comparison trial. All participants will receive 4 counseling sessions conducted over Zoom (Zoom Video Communications, Inc) with a master's-level social worker. Participants in the uTECH+YMHP condition will receive curated SMS text messages informed by an ML algorithm that seek to promote HIV and substance use risk reduction strategies as well as undergoing YMHP counseling. We hypothesize that the uTECH+YMHP intervention will be considered acceptable, appropriate, and feasible to most participants. We also hypothesize that participants in the combined condition will experience enhanced and more durable reductions in substance use and sexual risk behaviors compared to participants receiving YMHP alone. Appropriate statistical methods, models, and procedures will be selected to evaluate primary hypotheses and behavioral health outcomes in both intervention conditions using an α<.05 significance level, including comparison tests, tests of fixed effects, and growth curve modeling. This study was funded in August 2019. As of June 2024, all participants have been enrolled. Data analysis has commenced, and expected results will be published in the fall of 2025. This study aims to develop and test the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility of uTECH, a novel approach to reduce HIV risk and substance use among SGM young adults. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04710901; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04710901. DERR1-10.2196/58448.

Treatment adherence and clinical outcomes amongst in people with drug-susceptible tuberculosis using medication monitor and differentiated care approach compared with standard of care in South Africa: a cluster randomized trial

Poor treatment adherence contributes to lower treatment completion and higher loss to follow-up among people with tuberculosis (PWTB). Medication monitors have shown some evidence of improved adherence. We conducted a cluster randomised trial in 18 primary health clinics in South Africa between May 2019-February 2022. Persons (aged ≥ 2 years) with drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DS-TB) were enrolled. All participants were provided with monitors which were silent in the standard of care (SoC) arm. In the intevention arm, weekly adherence reports were reviewed and participants received intensified support as appropriate (text, phone call, home visit, motivational counselling). The primary outcome was adherence, which was calculated as days box was opened (proxy for drug taken)/total expected treatment days as a binary variable (<80% versus ≥80%). Analysis took into account clustered design. The trial was registered with the Pan African Trial Registry PACTR20190268115772. We enrolled 2727 participants (38% women, median age 36 (IQR 27-45 years), of whom 2584 had available adherence data. The primary outcome (measured as ≥80% adherence) was higher in intervention versus SoC arm (81.0% versus 50.8%, adjusted risk ratio (ARR) 1.51 (1.36-1.66). Similarly, overall percentage adherence was higher in intervention versus SoC arm (88.5% versus 69.7%, adjusted risk difference 16.8% (13.3%-20.4%)). People with DS-TB had improved treatment adherence in the intervention arm. We believe the effect on adherence is important and warrants continued use and evaluation of these technologies. The study is funded by Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Uinted States, the Stop TB Partnership, Switzerland, and the South African Medical Research Council, South Africa.

Efficacy of digital interventions on physical activity promotion in individuals with noncommunicable diseases: an overview of systematic reviews

BackgroundPhysical inactivity is considered one of the main modifiable risk factors for noncommunicable diseases. It has been proven that an active lifestyle is an efficient means of preventing and managing noncommunicable diseases. Multiple barriers have been identified that hinder engagement in conventional physical activity programs and the achievement of physical activity recommendations. Digital interventions may expand opportunities to resolve these barriers and empower people with noncommunicable diseases to be physically active. This overview of systematic reviews aims to evaluate the efficacy of digital interventions on physical activity promotion among individuals with major noncommunicable diseases.MethodA protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42022364350). A qualitative synthesis method was applied to summarize the efficacy data. The assessment of methodological quality using AMSTAR-2 for each systematic review was performed by two independent reviewers.ResultsSearches in nine databases resulted in seven systematic reviews for inclusion. Most of the primary studies included in these seven reviews were conducted in high-income countries. The reviews addressed five populations: participants with cancers, cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, type 2 diabetes, and osteoarthritis. Digital interventions were classified into two categories: interventions based on digital activity trackers and remote interventions via digital facilities. Additional components were identified in both categories of interventions such as motivational content, counseling, goal setting, tailored feedback/reminders, and other behavioral change techniques. The overall quality of the reviews ranged from critically low to low. The findings provided some evidence that both categories of interventions were effective in promoting physical activity.ConclusionThe findings of this overview suggest that some types of digital interventions, such as self-monitoring with digital activity trackers and remote interventions via digital facilities, may be effective means of promoting physical activity across major noncommunicable diseases. The findings should be interpreted cautiously since the methodological quality of the included reviews ranged from critically low to low, and there was no consistent assessment of the certainty of evidence. Further systematic reviews are required on efficacy of digital interventions with more rigorous conducting and reporting of systematic review methodologies.

Postmodernism Challenges for Muslim Schools and Universities in Malaysia: The Role of AI Pedagogical Integration into Islamic Education

In today’s rapidly changing world, postmodern civilization has been accused of undermining traditional, religious universal values and socio-economic inequality. The intersection of Islamic philosophy and secular education creates profound tension, as Islamic teachings on justice, equality and religious principles often clash with Western secular values, leading to issues such as incompetent graduates, LGBTQ disorder, and over- capitalism conflicts. Schools and universities also grapple with significant challenges like zero hands-on skills, large class sizes, lack of resources, and student behavioral ongoing issues, which impede effective teaching and learning. Additionally, non-inclusive students, especially those with disabilities or from minority ethnic backgrounds, face bullying, discrimination and difficulty accessing resources, exacerbating their isolation and hindering academic performance. This study utilized a qualitative research methodology grounded in the researchers’ nearly twenty years of teaching experience at private universities across Malaysia, including at UNITAR Malaysia, Limkokwing University of Creative Technology (LUCT), the Management and Science University (MSU), and Tunku Abdul Rahman University College (TARUC). The research was informed by direct classroom engagement, a mentoring program, and involvement in academic events administration, offering deep insights into student challenges and enriching data collection. The methodology included providing motivational support and counseling to students with special needs and those underperforming. A critical, reflexive approach was adopted to address potential biases, and results were verified through member-checking and triangulation. This comprehensive approach enabled a thorough exploration of the Malaysian educational context, identifying challenges and themes, yet providing a robust framework for understanding student experiences and pedagogical strategies. The study is structured into four sections: methodology, challenges in Malaysia’s educational system, the incorporation of Qur’anic metaphysics in tertiary education, and the application of interactive AI-pedagogy technologies. The study revealed practical recommendations for educators, policy makers, and researchers, aiming to bridge the gap between Islamic principles and secular educational practices. Using Malaysia as a case study, the research explores the potential of a holistic approach to Islamic education in addressing the postmodern and post-pandemic challenges by Muslim society. It is worth noting that the study is specifically focused on Muslim education in Malaysia. Therefore, its findings may not be generalizable to other Muslim countries or societies. Nevertheless, the research is expected to provide a profound perspective on addressing postmodernism challenges in the Muslim pedagogical world.

Implementation of Behavior Modification Techniques for Children with Low Social Skills (A Case Study at the Social Protection Service Unit for Children in Garut, West Java)

This research focuses on the application of behavior modification techniques in various specific behaviors agreed upon, aiming to influence the levels of social skills. The research method employed is the Single Subject Design approach. The respondents of this study are children with low social skills receiving services at SATPEL PSA. Instruments used to measure baseline A1, treatment (B1), and baseline A2 are based on the results of behavior assessments, identifying 9 behaviors with 36 specific behaviors. The implementation of behavior modification techniques aims to reduce maladaptive behaviors in children, utilizing motivation techniques, positive reinforcement, modeling, counseling, and self-help groups. The research results indicate that two children, SS and MK, showed increased measurements in cognitive, behavioral, and emotional aspects during baseline and intervention. The highest results were recorded in the behavioral aspect, while the cognitive aspect showed a comparatively lower improvement.

Anamorelin for the Treatment of Cancer Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome.

The following review will highlight the development of anamorelin to treat cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS) including the potential benefits, limitations, and future directions. Ghrelin, a 28-amino acid peptide hormone, is secreted by the stomach mucosa and regulates appetite, promotes lipogenesis, increases body weight, improves gastric motility, reduces catabolic wasting and inflammation. Several randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials evaluating anamorelin, a ghrelin agonist, for the treatment of CACS have reported improvement in appetite and body composition including both lean body and fat mass; however, most studies noted no improvement in physical function as assessed by measuring non-dominant hand-grip strength. Common adverse effects of anamorelin include the development of diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, and less frequently, hepatic abnormalities and cardiovascular events including conduction abnormalities, hypertension, and ischemic cardiomyopathy. Anamorelin has the potential to stimulate appetite, improve gastric movement, and may have anti-inflammatory effects on patients with CACS. In patients with cancer, studies involving anamorelin combined with other multimodal treatments including nutrition counseling (branched chain amino acids, omega 3 fatty acids, and other nutrients), exercise, treatment of hormonal abnormalities including hypogonadism and hypovitaminosis D, and anti-inflammatory agents are needed. Compliance with multimodality treatment has been a barrier and future studies may need to incorporate motivational counseling to promote adherence.

Equitable Pedagogical Practices in Learning Mathematics at Secondary Schools in Nepal

The central focus of this study is to explore equitable pedagogical practices in learning mathematics in diversified learners’ mathematics classrooms. This study focused on investigating the challenges faced by mathematics teachers to conduct equitable pedagogical practices in learning mathematics in mathematics classrooms and exploring the possible ways to promote equitable pedagogical practices in learning mathematics. An interpretive critical theory paradigm was employed for collecting, analysing, and interpreting data in an iterative process. Qualitative narratives were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), and classroom observations of which five secondary-level mathematics teachers of Dhading were observed. Through multi-layered theme analysis and interpretation, the study produced five emergent challenges: linguistic issues, classroom diversity, the dominance of banking pedagogy, student absenteeism, school environment, and socioeconomic position. Moreover, the study showed eight different ways to promote equitable pedagogical practices in learning mathematics: providing additional support for marginalized students, using multi-methods of mathematics teaching, promoting peer and group work, individual treatment, motivational counseling, teaching mathematics relating to daily life, promoting collaborative learning and cooperative teaching, and promoting culturally responsive teaching.

Evaluating Two Brief Motivational Interventions for Excessive-Drinking University Students.

Two brief computerized motivational interventions for excessive-drinking university students were evaluated. Participants (N = 88, females = 61.5%, mean age = 21.05 years) were randomly assigned to a control group or one of two experimental groups: Computerized Brief Intervention (CBI) or Computerized Brief Intervention-Enhanced (CBI-E). CBI followed the principles of Motivational Interviewing to motivate participants to change their drinking behavior. CBI-E additionally used the principles of Systematic Motivational Counseling to identify and discuss with participants their dysfunctional motivational patterns that were interfering with their attainment of emotional satisfaction. At baseline and a three-month follow-up, the participants completed a battery of measures of alcohol consumption and related problems. At baseline, the participants were confirmed to be heavy drinkers with many drink-related negative consequences. Males and females responded differently to the interventions. During follow-up, males' alcohol use was ordered: CBI-E < CBI < Controls. The females in all three groups reduced their alcohol use, but there were no significant group differences. Males responded to the interventions as expected. For females, the assessment itself seemed to serve as an effective intervention, and there were no post-intervention differences among the three groups. Suggestions for future research using CBI and CBI-E are discussed.

The role of the Anti-Bullying Task Force In Minimizing (Verbal) Violence In The Private Ibtidaiyah Madrasah Imam Syafi'i, Telaga District, Gorontalo Regency

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the Anti-Bullying Task Force in reducing verbal violence at Private Ibtidaiyah Madrasah Imam Syafi'I, Telaga District, Gorontalo Regency. Utilizing a Descriptive Approach with a qualitative research type, the study employed stratified random sampling to select 9 respondents. Data collection methods included observation, interviews, and documentation. The task force primarily focused on prevention through various strategies, such as providing advice during morning dhikr sessions and before learning activities, as well as educating students on the consequences of bullying. In handling incidents, the task force employed motivational counseling and imposed sanctions when necessary, ensuring student agreement and avoiding physical harm. Post-traumatic support emphasizes providing encouragement to victims of verbal violence, encouraging them to respond assertively without resorting to physical confrontation. The study revealed that gentle counseling had a positive impact, as evidenced by increased reporting of bullying incidents and a reduction in bullying behaviors within the madrasah. Overall, the findings underscored the importance of proactive intervention and supportive measures in mitigating verbal violence among students.

Konseling Motivational Interviewing dan Cognitive Behaviour Dalam Upaya Rehabilitasi Penyalahguna Narkoba Pada Remaja

This study discusses efforts to rehabilitate drug abusers using Motivational Interviewing counseling and Cognitive Behavior Therapy. This research uses qualitative research methods with a case study approach. The research was conducted at the Pratama Clinic of BNN, East Java Province. The subjects in this study were two teenagers with different backgrounds and participated in narcotics counseling at the BNN Pratama Clinic in East Java Province. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews and providing pre-test and post-test questionnaires. It was shown that before administering the intervention got a score of 11.3 and 11.7. Then after the intervention administration got a score of 12.7 and 12.8, meaning that Motivational Interviewing Counseling and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy can be applied in efforts to rehabilitate drug abusers in adolescents.

High School Aetas’ Course Experience: Benchmark for Streamlining Curricular Program Management

Many of the Aeta students in the province are included in mainstream classrooms. As this causes the Indigenous some difficulty coping, the study analyzed four high schools regarding the course experience of 162 of their Aeta students. The researcher used a survey that he, through referenced studies, localized and translated—”Survey on Aetas’ High School Course Experience.” The survey yielded the most pronounced needs of Aetas—starting lessons with Aetas’ prior knowledge, school-based Indigenous centers, indigenized learning content, and more understandable media of instruction. The study used quantitative and descriptive, using a questionnaire to quantify the Aetas’ assessment of their high school experience with non-Indigenous classmates, teachers, and administrators. The study’s resulting discussion and conclusion suggested improvements through particularized versions of programs that could center on Inclusiveness Training for the teachers; school-based Indigenous Centers; the inclusion of indigenous knowledge in lessons; implementation and consistent management of school services and events that reflect inclusive on-campus services; generation of livelihood programs and on-the-job trainings that are mindful of the job-readiness of the Aetas; content training that is coupled with motivational counseling; the integration of technology that democratizes the access to information for all, with no exclusion against the non-mainstream.

Patient experiences on the quality of cerebrovascular diseases counselling using digital solutions in hospital-A qualitative research study.

To describe patients' experiences of the quality of counselling to develop new digital counselling solutions for patients with cerebrovascular disease. A descriptive, qualitative approach. Semi-structured in-person interviews were conducted among 22 patients diagnosed with acute cerebrovascular disease and treated as inpatients at a single university hospital in Finland between September 2021 and February 2022. Data were analysed using deductive and inductive content analysis. The identified facilitators, barriers and possible solutions for the development of new digital counselling solutions were deductively categorized into five main categories: (1) background factors, (2) resources, (3) implementation, (4) sufficiency, and (5) effects and 12 generic categories. Patients with cerebrovascular diseases worry about symptoms affecting their ability to receive information and valued a supportive atmosphere. Staff should have more time for counselling and use motivational digital counselling solutions in plain language, moderate length and with multimedia content. Patients desired reminders, easy search functions and possibilities for two-way communication. New digital counselling solutions could be beneficial in supporting the patients' knowledge, emotions and adherence. For the success of such solutions, patients' special needs concerning different levels of cognitive impairment need to be considered. The results of this study may benefit healthcare organizations in the development of digital counselling solutions that meet the patients' needs. We have adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines with the COREQ reporting method. Patients were involved as the study population.

Developing a Training in Motivational Counselling to Promote Return to Work: An Intervention Mapping Approach.

Due to the Belgian health insurance system's controlling nature, work-disabled claimants can feel forced to return to work (RTW), increasing their risk of relapse. RTW out of interest or importance is considered more sustainable. Such autonomous motivation for RTW can be promoted through 'motivational counselling', an integration of self-determination theory and motivational interviewing. To adopt this, health insurance practitioners need training, which can be designed through intervention mapping as an evidence-based planning tool. This paper reports on the development of a motivational counselling training for health insurance practitioners. Intervention mapping's six steps guided the formulation of programme goals and learning outcomes, matching the context. We then identified change methods which were translated into practical components. Together with the health insurances' input, this resulted in a concrete training programme with an implementation and evaluation plan. The training was designed to increase practitioners' knowledge, skills, and beliefs relevant for learning motivational counselling, which also requires solution-focused strategies. Methods like guided practice were translated into built-in exercises, feedback, and information, which were implemented through an online training format of five sessions including one follow-up. Reporting about training development increases understanding of its effectiveness and implementation, which will be evaluated via pre- and post-training data collection amongst practitioners. Future trainings can benefit from this by accounting for health insurances' organizational barriers or building on the training's evidence-based backbone whilst only requiring specific adaptations for other stakeholders and contexts. Further research should evaluate motivational counselling's impact on claimants' RTW trajectories.