Motivational Issues Research Articles

Does teachers’ motivation have an impact on students’ scientific literacy and motivation? An empirical study in Colombia with data from PISA 2015

In this study we use data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) to investigate the effect of teachers’ motivation on students’ scientific literacy and motivation in Colombia. These relationships are explored using a multilevel modeling framework and through the lens of Self-Determination Theory. Although difficulties in achieving education quality in developing and emerging economies are commonly attributed to teacher motivation issues, and important policy measures are implemented based on this assumption, this topic remains largely empirically unexplored. The purpose of the study is to contribute to fill this gap and provide empirically based insights for a broader and more informed dialogue regarding the effect of motivation in the development of scientific literacy, and to the design and implementation of evidence-based policies, instructional practices, and interventions. In this analysis, we did not find a significant relationship between teacher motivation and either students’ scientific literacy or motivation. However, students’ interest in science and sense of self-efficacy were significantly associated with their own achievement. The results also show that teacher-directed instruction is the strongest predictor of scientific literacy as opposed to inquiry-based teaching. However, inquiry-based teaching was found to be a positive predictor of increased students’ motivation.

Increasing Student Learning Motivation through of the Dick and Carey Model in Islamic Religious Education

This research focuses on addressing the persistent challenge of motivating students in their engagement with Islamic Religious Education (PAI) materials. Despite the overarching goal of instilling virtue, there remains a recurring issue of insufficient motivation among students when it comes to PAI content. In response, this study investigates the potential effectiveness of applying the Dick and Carey instructional model within the context of GIS Prima Insani Elementary School. Employing a qualitative case study methodology, the research highlights the Dick and Carey model's systematic and organized approach. This instructional model emphasizes transparent steps that contribute to the clarity of learning outcomes, encouraging students to apply acquired knowledge in their daily lives—aligned with the broader objective of Islamic religious education. The findings suggest that the Dick and Carey model is well-suited for educational settings, offering a clear direction for both educators and students and fostering a sense of recognition and support. The structured nature of the model contributes to heightened commitment among students, ultimately enhancing motivation and facilitating optimal learning outcomes. In conclusion, the study underscores the significance of implementing effective instructional models, particularly the Dick and Carey approach, in Islamic religious education. By nurturing motivation and aligning with established standards, this model emerges as a valuable tool for educators, contributing to an overall enhanced educational experience. The findings emphasize the importance of adopting innovative approaches to address challenges in Islamic religious education, paving the way for future research and improvements in pedagogical practices

Ten Years of Early Childhood Education (ECE) in Punjab (Pakistan): What Have We Learned?

ABSTRACT This article adopts a process evaluation approach to identify the challenges and opportunities in scaled implementation of early childhood education (ECE) in Pakistan’s most populous province, Punjab. It reports findings from mixed methods, including surveys administered to head teachers, ECE teachers, and parents across 386 schools, and focus groups and in-depth interviews with 25 participants across the different tiers of government. Using the RISE framework as an analytical lens, the article specifically explores issues of delegation, finance, information, and motivation across two accountability relationships – Compact and Management – to assess the extent to which the province’s early learning system is coherent around the goal of scaling quality early learning. Research findings reveal multiple incoherences within each relationship of accountability as well as incoherences within similar elements across the two accountability relationships. The resulting insights indicate the need to strengthen the province’s early learning system and improve the flow of accountability through effective delegation, including improved coordination, communication, and feedback mechanisms; effective finance, including resources for capacitating actors across all tiers of government; effective information, especially collection and utilization of data on process quality; and effective motivation to address weaker links in teacher allocation, incentives, professional development, and academic support.

STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INTERNAL OPERATION PROCESSES AND RESULTS OF COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF INNOVATIONS IN ENTERPRISE ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT

This paper extensively discusses the developmental issues of planning, organizing, personnel, motivation and control in the economic management of enterprises on improving the importance and effectiveness of innovative initiatives to modernize the economic management of enterprises. In article authors highlights five steps in the innovation of the internal operating mechanism of enterprise economic management: 1) to study the benefits of modernization and innovation in enterprise economic management, including system enhancement, manufacturing temptation and better decision-making; 2) reforming the enterprise management mode; 3) enhancing the operational vitality of the enterprise; 4) to improve the decision-making efficiency; 5) discovering the various problems existing in the enterprise and adjusting them in time, and actively responding to the challenges of modernization and innovation; 6) enterprises should actively innovate and optimize the economic management system; 7) strengthening the management of the employees, maximizing the potential productivity and productivity; 8) improving the modernization and efficiency of enterprises; 9) expanding of talent pool of enterprises to improve employee loyalty and reduce the turnover rate of enterprises.

Enhancing Perspective in Global Health: A Case Study on an International Ophthalmology Partnership.

Global ophthalmology opportunities are becoming increasingly popular, and international partnerships are becoming more common among academic training institutions in the United States. There is need for training in the complex relational, motivational, ethical, and logistical issues that may arise in these partnerships. We developed a 3-hour case-based session featuring four characters in a fictitious international ophthalmology partnership scenario. Facilitators used structured questions for each of the four parts to foster interaction and discussion among learners. After the activity, participants completed an evaluation/questionnaire consisting of Likert-scale and open-ended questions. A total of 23 ophthalmology residents and seven medical students underwent the activity over four iterations. The activity was well received, with 100% of learners either strongly agreeing (90%) or agreeing (10%) when asked if the session was worthwhile and 100% of learners either strongly agreeing (87%) or agreeing (13%) when asked if the format was conducive to achieving the learning objectives. Answers to questions on how learners would change how they practice ophthalmology in their residency and in their future careers revolved around the following topics: consideration of other perspectives, humility, self- and situational awareness, complexities of partnerships, reciprocity and exchange, importance of communication, and connection of principles between international and domestic medical practice. While this case study explores an international ophthalmology partnership scenario, the principles and themes presented can be applicable to other fields of medicine, and can be applicable to the practice of medicine both internationally and domestically.

КАДРОВОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ АНЕСТЕЗИОЛОГО-РЕАНИМАЦИОННОЙ СЛУЖБЫ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ в 2018-2023 гг.

Significance. In 2023, in the structure of doctors (excluding dentists) of the Russian Federation, anesthesiologists-resuscitators together with obstetricians-gynecologists rank third (6.0% each) after therapists (11.2%) and pediatricians (9.0%). The share of nurse anesthesiologists accounted for 5.9% of the total number of nurses. In the structure of nurses, nurse anesthesiologists rank fourth after general ward (desk) nurses (27.6%), procedural nurses (8.3%), and senior nurses (7%). At the same time, some issues related to staffing of the anesthesiology and resuscitation service with qualified personnel, preservation of the current medical potential as the foundation of the service are yet to be solved: the issues of motivation of anesthesiologists-resuscitators and their personnel reserve to carry out their professional activities have not been sufficiently addressed; there are no unified approaches to plan staffing of regional anesthesiology and resuscitation services, including all stages of training, organizational approaches to maintain human resources of anesthesiologists-resuscitators at the level of medical organizations, as well as with due regard to modern features of the health system in the context of the unfavorable epidemiological situation have not been fully explored. Currently, given “the third age” of many doctors, the need to work in conditions of constantly developing medical technologies, increasing qualification requirements for specialists, the problem of personnel shortage remains relevant. The purpose of the study is to analyze staffing of the anesthesiology and resuscitation service of the Russian Federation in 2018-2023. Material and methods. Staffing of the anesthesiology and resuscitation service of the Russian Federation in 2018-2023 has been analyzed. Materials of the statistical collections of the Russian Research Institute of Health of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, annual reporting forms of the Federal statistical observation form No.14 “Information on the activities of departments of a medical organization providing inpatient care” and No.30 “Information on a medical organization” have been analyzed. Research methods included the following ones: analytical and descriptive statistics. Results. In 2018-2023, in Russia in general, the number of anesthesiologists-resuscitators (individuals) and nurse anesthesiologist increased by only 4.6% and 3.6%, respectively. Staffing of the positions of anesthesiologists-resuscitators decreased from 88.0% in 2018 to 85.6% in 2023, with the rate of second employment adding up to 1.6 in 2023. In 2023, staffing of the positions of nurse anesthesiologists in Russia equalled to 88.5%. Over the period from 2018 to 2023, there was a tendency towards decreased staffing levels from 90.9% in 2018 to 88.5% in 2023. The rate of second employment among nurse anesthesiologists equaled to 1.3 in 2023. In dynamics over this period, there is a decrease in the share of anesthesiologists-resuscitators and nurse anesthesiologists of the highest category of qualification (from 38.7% and 40.6% in 2018 to 33.6% and 35.6% in 2023, respectively), specialists of the first qualification category (from 11.0% and 11.3% in 2018 to 9.4% and 8.4% in 2023 in 2018), and the second qualification category (from 7.1% and 7.1% in 2018 to 4.7% and 4.4% in 2023, respectively), necessitating the need to intensify measures aimed at improving qualification of working specialists and stimulating their activity to get certified. Conclusion. In 2018-2023, in dynamics, the number of anesthesiologists-resuscitators and nurse anesthesiologists in the Russian Federation increased by only 4.6% and 3.6%, respectively. At the same time, there was a decrease in staffing of the positions of anesthesiologists-resuscitators (from 88.0% in 2018 to 85.6% in 2023) and nurse anesthesiologists (from 90.9% in 2018 to 88.5% in 2023). In 2023, the rate of second employment among doctors and nurses equaled to 1.6 and 1.3, respectively. In a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the rate of second employment among anesthesiologists-resuscitators exceeds 2.0, which does not contribute to high-quality performance. The study results indicate the need to increase the control figures for enrolment in clinical residency in the near future as well as the amount of state assignments for educational organizations that train specialists with secondary medical education; it is necessary to intensify measures aimed at improving skills of working specialists and encouraging employees to obtain a qualification category. There is a tendency towards the increase and complication of work, which requires a solution to preserve human resources and staffing of the anesthesiology and resuscitation service in modern conditions.

“I Think I Could Have Used It Better”: Experiences of Youth with High HbA1c Commencing Advanced Hybrid Closed‐Loop Therapy in a Clinical Trial Setting—A Qualitative Research

Background. Advanced hybrid closed‐loop (AHCL) therapy improves glycemia. However, it is not known if there is an improvement in overall outcomes with AHCL for youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) at high risk of diabetes‐related complications. The study aimed to capture the experiences of youth with suboptimal glycemic control when commencing AHCL therapy in a clinical trial setting. Methods. This was a singlecenter substudy of a multicenter 6‐month randomized clinical trial. Youth between 12 and 25 years of age on insulin pump therapy with HbA1c > 8.5% (> 69 mmol/mol) who commenced AHCL therapy with Medtronic MiniMed™ system were invited to participate in a semistructured interview after 6 months of AHCL. Open‐ended questions were used to explore the participants’ lived experience of AHCL in improving their glucose levels and its impact on diabetes management and well‐being. The interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results. Ten youth with T1D with a mean (SD) age of 17.4 (2.9) years, diabetes duration 10.7 (4.8) years, HbA1c 10.2 (0.8)%, or 87 (9.5) mmol/mol at enrollment participated in the interview. Three main themes were identified: (1) improved glycemia despite not using closed loop to its full potential; (2) persistent diabetes burden; and (3) a need for increased psychosocial and clinical support. Although improved glycemia was noted with AHCL therapy, participants reported ongoing motivation issues and used the system suboptimally. They continued to experience distress with overall diabetes management and acknowledged the need for ongoing support from family and health professionals. Conclusion. All participants reported overall satisfaction with improved glucose levels, however, the persistent diabetes burden impacted their ability to use AHCL optimally. The need for ongoing monitoring with support and interventions to enhance psychological care remains vital for youth with suboptimal diabetes management.

The perceptions of selected Ghanaian language teachers about virtual teaching and learning during crises

In March 2020, Ghana responded to the WHO's declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic by implementing restrictions on face-to-face teaching. This led to the widespread adoption of Virtual Teaching and Learning (VTL) across tertiary educational institutions in the country. While some institutions fully embraced VTL, others saw it as a temporary measure until face-to-face teaching resumed. This study examines language teachers' perceptions of VTL during this period, focusing on the Communication Studies Department of Sunyani Technical University, with 10 participants selected through purposive sampling. The research used a mixed method approach, collecting both qualitative and quantitative data. Content analysis was applied to qualitative data, while quantitative data were analyzed using Excel. Results revealed that 80% of participants had positive perceptions of VTL, while the remaining 20% expressed concerns about challenges such as policy guidelines, motivation, internet connectivity, data allocation, and technical issues that need addressing for VTL to be fully embraced.

BUSINESS RECOVERY AND INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS: EVIDENCE FROM VISEGRAD COUNTRIES AND SERBIA

The current study investigates how institutional constraints and firms’ and entrepreneurs’ characteristics affect business recovery. Some elements have not yet been rigorously examined in the existing literature, especially not concerning the post-communist countries’ business recovery component and the same is the research gap current study intended to address. To evaluate the study model, ordinal logistic regression was used. More than 300 valid questionnaires are collected from the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Serbia. The findings show that factors such as firm tenure and size, location, sector, entrepreneurial motivation, product change, etc., have conflicting effects on business recovery. Some of the outcomes of the present study is supported by the existing studies and some requires further research. The study focuses on the less explored independent variables and their association with business recovery, specifically on SMEs, which highlights the paper’s originality. The output of the current study adds to the existing literature of business recovery and institutional constraints. Policymakers interested in removing institutional limitations and promoting a quicker business recovery for SMEs are drawn to the research. The study findings are also helpful from a managerial standpoint because business owners and managers significantly impact decisions about entrepreneur motivation, product change, and other issues.

Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Bahasa Inggris Siswa Di Kelas XI TKJ SMK N 1 BANGLI

This study investigates the challenges faced by vocational high school students in learning English, focusing on Class XI Computer and Network Engineering in SMK Negeri 1 Bangli. Drawing on the insights of education and linguistic experts, the research identifies key factors such as non-native English status, motivation issues, and limited vocabulary mastery that contribute to the difficulties encountered by students. Findings from interviews, questionnaires, observations, and academic performance analysis highlight the need for tailored teaching approaches, relevant materials, and motivational strategies to enhance English language learning. The study emphasizes the importance of active student engagement and ongoing evaluation of teaching methods, aiming to create a supportive learning environment and improve overall learning outcomes in English for vocational high school students.

Attrition problems at food delivery app companies: is there a way out?

Learning outcomes After analysing this case study, students will be able to understand the relationship between compensation, reward management and gig workers’ behaviour; apply the theory of organizational behaviour related to compensation management to address the motivational issues; analyse the challenges in managing the gig workers’ expectations related to compensation; and design innovative ways of retaining gig workers, especially delivery partners among the gig workers. Case overview/synopsis In April 2022, Riya, who worked as a business development manager at a newly established food delivery app company named “Our Kitchen” (located in Hyderabad, India), attended a meeting where the chief executive officer expressed concern about the difficulty in retaining their delivery partners. The company provided food delivery services to the customers by procuring ordered food from partner restaurants in select Indian cities. The delivery partners of the company worked part-time and received a commission for the hours they worked. With the rising fuel cost, minimal career growth and negligible social security benefits, it was hard for them to continue in their jobs. As a result, there were high attrition rates in the food delivery company. This case study is about the attrition issue being faced by the company and explores various strategies through which Riya could think of retaining the delivery partners so that there was a win-win situation for both parties. The dilemma given in the case study would help in understanding the motivational theories and factors that encouraged delivery partners to work for these jobs. Complexity academic level The case study is ideally suited for discussing human resources concepts, especially problems related to the retention of delivery partners without reducing the profit of the organization. It will help in understanding the motivational factors leading to job satisfaction and how that will help in the retention of delivery partners. The case study can also be used to teach the executives in a management development programme. This will help them to understand the gig workers’ motivational factors and the causes of their attrition. Supplementary material Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 6: Human resource management.

Making Psychological Literacy an Integral Part of the Psychology Bachelor Curriculum: Exploring Teacher Experiences and Student Views

To promote psychological literacy (PL) in our bachelor psychology teaching, over recent years we have implemented various modifications to our curriculum at the Utrecht University psychology bachelor program, with a focus on the societal application of psychology knowledge. To support psychology programs around the world in integrating PL in their curriculum, knowledge about experiences may offer valuable suggestions for future initiatives. We therefore aim to share our experiences in implementing PL-related courses in our curriculum. We systematically explored teachers’ and students’ views and experiences, using course evaluations and questionnaires. Results showed that both teachers and students value PL as a learning objective for psychology teaching. However, they were often unaware of these learning objectives (students) or felt not enough attention was being paid to them (teachers). Teachers encountered several obstacles while integrating PL in their teaching, relating to aspects such as a lack of an explicit focus on these objectives, and felt ability. Teachers offer valuable suggestions related to being explicit about definition and goals, implementing learning trajectories, and training teachers. We discuss the main practical considerations and highlight issues of motivation and assessment that may guide future research in this area.

SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DESTRUCTIVE MOTIVATION IN THE FIELD OF SOCIAL SERVICES

The article presents the social-psychological characteristics of the phenomenon of destructive motivation in the field of social services. The general characterization of the mental states of the persons – recipients of the social services is given. The research question is that the socio-psychological characteristic of the personality represents a set of issues relating to the relationship of the individual with the environment and the mental states of the individual caused by them. Mental states occupy a special place in a person’s life since they directly regulate human behaviour and activity. The purpose of the article is to interpret destructive motivation as a state of low expectations, self-isolation, the behavioural strategy of avoidance and adaptive disorders. The scientific innovation of the article is that mental states can be considered as a result of the level of psychological stability and determining its factor. According to the purpose, the structure of the article is constructed, and the main tasks are revealed to present the perspectives of further investigation of the issue of destructive motivation.

The interplay between scientific motivation, creative process engagement, and scientific creativity: A network analysis study

According to the social cognitive career theory (SCCT) and the Componential Model of Creativity (CMC), scientific motivation and creative process engagement are potentially involved in producing scientific creativity. Critically, more evidence is needed for how these constructs contribute to scientific creativity. For these reasons, the present study recruited 390 participants to complete online questionnaires on scientific motivation, creative process engagement, and scientific creativity. Correlation Network Analysis and Bayesian Network Analysis were employed to get an integrated model for studying the interactive effects among the factors. Bootstrap analysis was used to determine the critical path between these factors. Results showed that: (1) Intrinsic-related scientific motivation played critical roles in the regularized partial correlation network involving scientific motivation, creative process engagement, and scientific creativity. Further, more sparsity was revealed in the partial correlation network of males, but the scientific creativity of males is more strongly linked with other nodes in the network. (2) Career motivation was the parent node for the Bayesian Network and would positively impact scientific creativity by transforming it into intrinsic-related scientific motivation. In addition, idea generation and intrinsic motivation directly drive scientific creativity. The parent nodes of male and female Bayesian networks are different, but IMPR plays a central role in males and females. (3) The bootstrap path analysis further verified pathways revealed by the Bayesian Network, as extrinsic-related motivation influenced scientific creativity through intrinsic motivation and creative process engagement. These findings demonstrate that intrinsic-related scientific motivations are the critical factor for promoting scientific creativity and that females and males show different network characteristics. Educational relevance statementEnhancing our understanding of how scientific motivation and engagement in the creative process contribute to scientific creativity is crucial for developing targeted intervention programs to improve science education. By identifying students who exhibit lower levels of intrinsic motivation in science subjects, teachers can intervene early and prevent motivational issues and subsequent underachievement. Intrinsic motivation and active engagement in the creative process are critical factors in fostering scientific creativity. Creating an open and spontaneous learning environment enables students to explore freely and actively participate in the creative process, which enhances their creativity. However, it is essential to ensure that students refrain from mindlessly pursuing scientific careers, as this may hinder their scientific creativity. Integrating career motivation with intrinsic motivation can be a practical approach to promote engagement in the creative process and facilitate the development of scientific creativity. Educators should also provide a broader range of cognitive activities related to creativity. It is equally important to foster scientific motivation and promote scientific innovation among male and female students. Additionally, boys may benefit from specific career guidance to enhance their self-efficacy. In contrast, given that girls are less creative in their self-perception, interventions to address this lower creative self-efficacy seem especially important. For this, cultivating intrinsic motivation in science and promoting effective engagement in creative activities may be particularly effective for girls. Overall, by understanding the relationship between scientific motivation, creative process engagement, and scientific creativity, educators can design interventions that cater to individual needs and foster a supportive environment for students to excel in science education.

Educational and Methodological Support for the Theoretical Foundations of Initial Mathematics Course Discipline

The article examines the issues of the educational and methodological complex of the discipline of the theoretical foundations of the initial course of mathematics in teacher training colleges, which is of great importance in the training of future primary school teachers. It includes a combination of theoretical and methodological concepts. An analysis of work experience in this direction showed that professional and pedagogical orientation in teaching mathematics to future primary school teachers can be successfully implemented if certain conditions are met, such as motivation for various types of profession that involve the use of mathematics; orientation of methods and forms of teaching mathematics to prepare students for future practical work as a teacher; orientation of all classroom, extracurricular and research work with students towards practical needs and skills. In addition, the issues of motivation to study the course of theoretical foundations of the initial mathematics course were discussed. To achieve this goal, ideas have been put forward to link this college course with the elementary school mathematics course. It has been suggested that in this direction it is possible to successfully create the scientific foundations of an initial course in mathematics. The results of the study showed that with the targeted and systematic use of school textbooks, students’ assimilation of the basic concepts of the course becomes more meaningful and informative. Based on the educational program for training primary school teachers, ways to implement the educational and methodological complex in the Theoretical Foundations of the Primary Course in Mathematics discipline have been identified. A theoretical analysis of the approach to constructing an educational and methodological complex for the discipline was carried out. The model, structure, and content of the educational and methodological complex for the Theoretical Foundations of the Initial Course in Mathematics discipline at the Pedagogical College of Osh State University have been established. The results obtained will help improve the quality of teaching mathematics courses and improve the qualifications of teachers.

Virtual reality aggression prevention treatment in a Dutch prison-based population: a pilot study.

Treating violent behavior in prisons comes with challenges, such as the inability to practice safely with triggering situations and motivational issues. A solution may be the use of Virtual Reality (VR). With VR, specific conditions or needs can be tailored for individual practice, it can enhance motivation and VR has proven to be a safe and effective tool in mental health treatment. A pilot study was conducted to test the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary effects of VR Aggression Prevention Treatment (VRAPT) in a prison-based population. In total 17 detainees with aggressive behavior were included in this single-group pilot study. Acceptability and feasibility were assessed using qualitative measures for participants and therapists. Preliminary treatment effects were measured with self-report and observational measures on aggression, anger, emotion regulation, and impulsiveness. Participants and therapists were predominantly positive about VRAPT. Participants rated the sessions with an average satisfaction score of 9.2 out of 10 (SD = 0.3). Qualitative data showed that participants reported having learned to respond more adequately to aggressive behavior and gained insights into their own and others' triggers and tension. The combination of VR and theory was experienced as a strength of the treatment, as well as the ability to trigger aggression in VR which provided insights into aggression. However, the theoretical framework was found to be too complex, and more aggressive and personal scenarios should be incorporated into the sessions. Self-reported aggression, anger, provocation, emotion regulation, and observed verbal aggression decreased and seemed to stabilize after the treatment ended, with small to medium effect sizes. VRAPT proved feasible and acceptable for most participants and therapists. An adapted treatment protocol called Virtual Reality Treatment for Aggression Control (VR-TrAC), will be used in a future RCT to investigate the effects of the treatment in a prison-based population.

Program to reduce work absenteeism in assembly companies developed at the TECNM Campus Fresnillo

Absenteeism from work is a very common phenomenon that the Aptiv ll company goes through. It is an expense for the company that the work assigned to a given position is not being carried out by the person who is paid for it when they are absent. Since someone else does the work when a person is absent, this generates a lot of money loss since you have to talk to employees outside the shift to cover the positions of the workers who do not attend, in addition to sometimes it is necessary interrupting the production of the plant due to this social phenomenon, among the main causes are: labor-related reasons such as low salaries and/or mistreatment, mobility despite the company having transportation, personal and even motivational issues.

CONTINUOUS EDUCATION OF NURSES AND PHYSIOTHERAPISTS AS A PREREQUISITE FOR ENHANCING COMPETENCIES IN PLANNING AND ORGANIZATION

Background: Nurses and physiotherapists play a pivotal role in providing high-quality healthcare and patient rehabilitation, underscoring the importance of possessing a high level of expertise in planning and organizing their activities. The healthcare sector continually evolves and refines itself due to technological advancements, making it imperative for professionals to remain open to continuous learning and adapt to new information and techniques. Consequently, the maintenance and development of essential competencies through continuous education play a crucial role. Aim: To examine the significance of continuous education for nurses and physiotherapists in the context of enhancing their competencies in healthcare service planning and organization. Results and Discussion: The findings demonstrate that continuous education is essential for maintaining relevance and improving skills in the dynamic environment of contemporary professions. However, it is frequently accompanied by challenges such as financial constraints, time limitations, motivational issues, and technological adaptation barriers. Regarding the methods of continuous education available to nurses and physiotherapists, these encompass formal education, professional workshops, seminars, practical training, online education, and mentorship. A combination of these methods can contribute to the development and enhancement of healthcare professionals and competencies in their practice. Furthermore, attention is directed toward key competencies in healthcare service planning and organization, encompassing time management, teamwork, communication skills, decision-making, and problem-solving. Conclusion: It can be inferred that continuous education not only contributes to improved practice and patient care but also ensures that healthcare professionals stay aligned with changes within the healthcare system and the latest techniques and technologies.

Exploring reasons why South African dental therapists are leaving their profession: A theory-informed qualitative study.

Dental therapy is a category of mid-level oral health professional that was introduced to address inequities in oral health service provision in South Africa within a constrained human resource for health context. However, low numbers of registered dental therapists and attrition threaten this strategy. This study explored reasons for this attrition, building on the Hertzberg Two-Factor Theory. Through a qualitative exploratory study design, in-depth interviews were conducted with former dental therapists to explore their reasons for leaving the profession. They were recruited using snowball sampling. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded in NVIVO12. A team of researchers applied thematic analysis to agree on themes and sub-themes, guided by Hertzberg's ideas of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. All 14 former dental therapists interviewed expressed their passion for the profession, even though their motivations to join the profession varied. Many of their reasons for leaving aligned with extrinsic and intrinsic factors defined in Hertzberg's Two-Factor Theory. However, they also spoke about a desire for a professional identity that was recognized and respected within the oral health profession, health system, and communities. This is a novel study contribution. Dental therapist attrition in South Africa is mainly caused by job dissatisfaction and motivation issues resulting from health system level factors. While the Hertzberg Two-Factor Theory helped identify extrinsic and intrinsic factors at an individual level, we used the Human Resources for Health System Development Analytical Framework to identify solutions for dental therapist production, deployment, and retention. Addressing these issues will enhance retention and accessibility to oral health services in the country.

The Issues of Teaching English in Elementary School Based on Students Engagement: Exploring Teachers’ Perspective

<p>The English-teaching problem is a significant issue that has been discussed in various contexts around the world, including English teachers’ issues, students’ assessments, curricula and textbooks, and the various variables that contribute to effective English as a foreign language (EFL) teaching. As a result, the purpose of the study is to explore 10 participants' perspectives on issues of teaching English in ELT classrooms. The purpose of this descriptive qualitative study is to investigate how teachers perceived the English teaching issue in relation to the students involved. Data were collected using an interview that included a single primary question about teaching English. Then, the data was analyzed by using content analysis. This study came to three major conclusions: (1) Learner motivation issues, (2) A problem with attitude, (3) An issue with the support system. Finally, problems with teaching English should not be underestimated because they have a significant impact on how well teachers teach the language in elementary schools. Teachers must be aware of their shortcomings in order to continually improve their teaching skills without becoming complacent.</p>