Mortality Of Malignant Tumors Research Articles

The Mechanism of Supramolecular Platinum Drugs Acting on Tumor or Tissue

In recent years, the morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors are increasing, and the incidence trend is younger. With the continuous development and application of chemotherapy drugs, chemotherapy has become one of the important means to treat tumors. Platinum drugs are the most commonly used non-specific anti-tumor drugs in the clinical treatment. Cisplatin (CCP) used in this study is a new platinum complex with supramolecular structure synthesized in China, aiming to investigate the effect of CCP on gastrointestinal tumors. The inhibitory effects of carboplatin and cisplatin on hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, colon cancer and embryonic lung fibroblast pancreatic cancer were determined by cell culture (IC50). The results showed that CCP and carboplatin (CBP) had significant inhibitory effects on liver cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer and embryonic lung fibroblast pancreatic cancer, and the inhibitory effects were concentration-dependent. The IC50 value of CCP for liver cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer and embryonic lung fibroblast pancreatic cancer was significantly lower than that of CBP(P<0.05), which was about 1/3∼1/2 of the IC50 value of carboplatin. Meanwhile, the IC50 value of CBP and CCP for embryonic lung fibroblast pancreatic cancer was both more than 240ml/L. It indicates that the supramolecular platinum drugs CCP have a significant inhibitory effect on gastrointestinal tumors, which is stronger than the clinical effect of CBP.

Role of prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.

BACKGROUNDGastric cancer is the second most common malignant tumor in China, ranking third among all malignant tumor mortality rates. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has been shown to increase significantly the effectiveness of intraperitoneal chemotherapeutic drugs, prolong the action time of these drugs on intraperitoneal tumor cells, and enhance their diffusion in tumor tissues. HIPEC may be one of the best choices for the eradication of residual cancer cells in the abdominal cavity.AIMThe aim of this study was to study the role of preventive HIPEC after radical gastrectomy.METHODSA prospective analysis was performed with patients with cT4N0-3M0 gastric cancer to compare the effects of postoperative prophylactic HIPEC plus intravenous chemotherapy with those of routine adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients’ medical records were analyzed, and differences in the peritoneal recurrence rate, disease-free survival time, and total survival time between groups were examined.RESULTSThe first site of tumor recurrence was the peritoneum in 11 cases in the conventional adjuvant chemotherapy group and in 2 cases in the HIPEC group (P = 0.020). The 1-year and 3-year disease-free survival rates were 91.9% and 60.4%, respectively, in the conventional adjuvant chemotherapy group and 92.1% and 63.0%, respectively, in the HIPEC group. The 1-year and 3-year overall survival rates were 95.2% and 66.3%, respectively, in the conventional adjuvant chemotherapy group and 96.1% and 68.6%, respectively, in the HIPEC group. No significant difference in postoperative or chemotherapy complications was observed between groups.CONCLUSIONIn patients with cT4N0-3M0 gastric cancer, prophylactic HIPEC after radical tumor surgery is beneficial to reduce peritoneal tumor recurrence and prolong survival.

Analysis of the Onset and Mortality of Common Malignant Tumors Among Registered Residents in Xishan District in 2016

Objective: To analyse the cancer incidence and mortality in xishan district in 2016, and to provide scientific basis for tumor prevention and control. Methods: The 2016 malignant tumor registration report data in xishan district were collected and analysed, stratified according to gender and age, and the reported incidence of malignant tumor in xishan district was calculated and analysed (all the following incidence rates belong to the reported incidence), gender, age incidence, bid acceptance rate, mortality and other related indicators. Results: The total registered population of malignant tumor in xishan district in 2016 was 540,494 (268 553 males and 271 941 females), and 876 new cases were reported. The incidence rate was 162.07/105, the bid-winning rate was 176.39 /105, the world standard rate was 91.16/105, and the cumulative rate (0-74 years old) was 10.44%. The incidence of malignant tumors in males (159.00/105) was lower than that in females (165.11/105). Incidence increases with age, rises sharply and rapidly around age 40, and declines after reaching a peak at age 75. Lung cancer, colorectal cancer, thyroid cancer and female breast cancer are common malignant tumors in the western mountainous areas. It accounts for about 55% of the total number of new malignant tumors. In 2016, 653 people died of malignant tumors in xishan district. The mortality rate was 120.82/105 (male mortality 151.11/105, female mortality 90.46/105), the bid-winning mortality rate was 43.53/105, and the bid-winning mortality rate was 57.72/105. Lung cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer and stomach cancer are the malignant tumors with high mortality, accounting for about 62% of the death. Conclusion: The morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors are relatively high in xishan district, and prevention and control of lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, female breast cancer and thyroid cancer should be emphasized.

Research on the Automatic Detection Method of Pulmonary Nodules Based on Deep Learning

Lung cancer has become the highest incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in China and even the world. It is truly the “first killer of cancer”. Pulmonary nodules are the early manifestation of lung cancer. Early detection, early treatment and early diagnosis of pulmonary nodules can greatly reduce the mortality of lung cancer. Due to their different sizes and complex structures, it is difficult for doctors to recognize the specific characteristics of pulmonary nodules. In order to help doctors detect and analyse pulmonary nodules faster and more accurately, based on deep learning, this paper proposed a new method to detect pulmonary nodules by cascades of improved VGG network model and improved Resnet network model. The improved network was evaluated on the LIDC-IDRI database, and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the model, which can help doctors accurately and effectively detect pulmonary nodules.

A Dual-Circular RNA Signature as a Non-invasive Diagnostic Biomarker for Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the TOP3 leading cause of human mortality in malignant tumors. Notwithstanding, the association between GC and circRNAs is not clear. The purpose of this research was to determine the association between GC progression and circRNAs. The data of circRNAs was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify gene, which differentially expressed circRNAs in GC tissues and paired normal tissues. The expression of circRNAs in cancer tissues and normal tissues were tested, and the target circRNA was verified before and after surgery in the plasma. A circRNA-micro(mi)RNA-mRNA competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) network was established, and GO and KEGG analysis are performed. Five candidate circRNAs were identified through bioinformatics analysis. Hsa_circ_0021087 and hsa_circ_0005051 were both downregulated in GC tissues, cells and plasma by RTq-PCR. Additionally, there was a significant difference in the expression of plasma hsa_circ_0021087 in patients with GC at the preoperative and postoperative stages (P < 0.001). Hsa_circ_0021087 also promoted the proliferation of GC cells in vitro. Next, the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network of hsa_circ_0021087 was predicted, which may be associated with the development of GC by bioinformatics analysis. In summary, the aforementioned dual-circular RNAs may have important implications on the potential, novel and non-invasive diagnostic method for patients with GC.

Health literacy: a new perspective of cancer prevention and control

In the past decade, the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in China have been growing as a serious public health problem. Health literacy is closely related to the individual cancer risk awareness, early cancer symptom recognition, cancer screening behavior, treatment compliance, disease self-management ability and outcome. It also has an important impact on the occurrence, development and outcome of cancer and plays an important role in the tertiary cancer prevention. This issue focuses on the consciousness of cancer prevention, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment, as well as the demand of and access to the cancer prevention and treatment knowledge, and could provide reference for cancer prevention and control in urban residents.

Mechanistic and Therapeutic Advances in Colon Cancer: A Systematic Review

Colon cancer is a common gastrointestinal malignancy in daily life and is the third most common cancer. So far, the global incidence of colon cancer has risen every year. Colon cancer mortality accounts for half of the incidence, colon cancer mortality ranks fifth in malignant tumor mortality, which seriously threatens human survival and health. This article refers to the latest domestic and foreign related articles related to colon cancer. It summarizes common and emerging screening methods for colon cancer which can make early detection and early treatment of the disease for reducing the deterioration and metastasis of colon cancer.

Anti-tumor Drug Targets Analysis: Current Insight and Future Prospect

The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors are on the rise, which has become the second leading cause of death in the world. At present, anti-tumor drugs are one of the most common methods for treating cancer. In recent years, with the in-depth study of tumor biology and related disciplines, it has been gradually discovered that the essence of cell carcinogenesis is the infinite proliferation of cells caused by the disorder of cell signal transduction pathways, followed by a major shift in the concept of anti-tumor drugs research and development. The focus of research and development is shifting from traditional cytotoxic drugs to a new generation of anti-tumor drugs targeted at abnormal signaling system targets in tumor cells. In this review, we summarize the targets of anti-tumor drugs and analyse the molecular mechanisms of their effects, which lay a foundation for subsequent treatment, research and development.

Incidence and mortality analysis of malignancies of Shouyang County, Shanxi Province in 2012

Objective To understand the incidence and mortality of malignancies as well as tumor burden of Shouyang County, Shanxi Province in 2012. Methods According to the review methods and the standards from the National Cancer Registry, the data of the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors in Shouyang County in 2012 were collected, collated and statistically analyzed. Results There were 389 new malignancies cases of Shouyang County in 2012, including 210 males and 179 females. The incidence rate was 187.61/100 000 (190.00/100 000 in males and 184.88/100 000 in females). There were 263 death cases, including 164 males and 99 females. The mortality rate was 126.84/100 000 (148.38/100 000 in males and 102.25/100 000 in females). The top 10 incidence of malignancies of the whole county was followed by lung cancer, cervical cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, colorectal anal cancer, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, gallbladder cancer and uterus cancer, accounting for 86.12% of the overall malignant cancers. The top 10 death malignancies of the whole county was followed by lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, Hodgkin disease, leukemia, colorectal cancer, bone cancer, brain tumor and pancreatic cancer, accounting for 87.45% of the overall malignant cancers. Conclusion Lung cancer ranks first in the incidence and mortality of malignant tumors of Shouyang County, Shanxi Province, and the prevention and control of major tumors should be strengthened. Key words: Neoplasms; Epidemiology; Incidence; Mortality; Shouyang County

Time series analysis of death of residents with malignant granules in Shenyang, China.

The aim of the study was to find out the association between air pollution and meteorological conditions with the death of residents living in Shenyang due to malignant tumors. Tumor related death data of residents of five urban districts in Shenyang were obtained from Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Daily temperature, pressure, wind speed and humidity data of Shenyang from 2010 to 2015 were obtained from Shenyang Meteorological Bureau. Urban air pollution data were obtained from the Shenyang Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Shenyang Environmental Protection Bureau of China. All data were analyzed by the Poisson regression model. During the period from 2010 to 2015, the number of deaths among malignancies in Shenyang was 215,141,000, and the death rate of malignancies in Shenyang was increasing year by year from 2010 to 2015. Mortality rate is higher in men than in women, and mortality rate increased with aging and the highest mortality rate was observed in the 75–80 years age group. Average concentration of aerodynamic diameter of <10 µm particles, the aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 µm particles, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was 122.37, 74.75, 79.36, and 47.65 µg/m3, respectively. After control of confounding factors, it was observed that every 10 µg/m3 increase of PM2.5 is followed by the 0.024% (95% confidence interval: 0.005% and 0.043%) increase of malignant tumor mortality rate. The results show that the increase of air pollution is related to the number of malignant tumors-related deaths in Shenyang, China, and season, sex and age are also influencing factors.

DYNAMICS OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY FROM MALIGNANT TUMORS IN RUSSIA

The article presents an analysis of the dynamics of the incidence of malignant tumors (MT) and mortality from them. An attempt has been made to analyze the causes of the growth or decrease in morbidity and mortality from some forms of MT. Based on the analysis of domestic and international experience suggestions on planning measures to further reduce MT mortality and morbidity in the Russian Federation were made. Mortality from MT in Russia reduces mainly by decreasing of mortality from lung cancer and other forms of cancer, the cause of which is smoking, as well as from stomach cancer. Primary prevention plays a dominant role in this decline. Reducing death rates from MT alone saved the lives of at least 300 000 Russians as well as many tens of thousands of citizens of other countries of the former USSR, in which the mortality from this disease also decreased. The observed increase in MT incidence is the result of an increase in the prevalence in the population of risk factors for a number of MT. However an important role in this growth is played by the use for early diagnosis of modern highly sensitive technologies that “reveal” clinically insignificant tumors that were not previously found in clinical practice. To further reduce death rates from MT it is necessary to expand the range of preventive measures. We need a program to vaccinate adolescents against human papillomavirus (HPV). The vaccinated generation will be cured of cervical cancer and this is one of the most common forms of cancer among women. In the next 2-3 decades it is necessary to conduct regular organized screening to detect HPV infection. A serious revision of our position on screening will allow reducing mortality from cancer of the cervix, colon and rectum and, possibly, the breast. It is necessary to introduce methods of so-called drug prevention. A convincing evidences of the effectiveness of taking aspirin for the prevention of colon and stomach cancer, tamoxifen - for the prevention of breast cancer. The future of early diagnosis is of tumor markers. It is necessary to test in the population the effectiveness of determining tumor markers, for example, circulating free tumor DNA and mRNA for early detection of cancer. Of course this does not mean that we must give up measures aimed at limiting smoking and promoting healthy lifestyles. Reducing alcohol consumption, changing the type of food to reduce consumption of processed meat products and meat and increasing consumption of fish, vegetables and fruits as well as increasing physical activity will undoubtedly lead to a reduction in morbidity and mortality from many basic forms of MT.

Trend of cancer mortality in Hebei province, 1973-2013

Objective: To analyze the data of malignant tumor mortality and change in disease burden in Hebei province from 1973 to 2013. Methods: Cancer mortality rate, age-standardized mortality rate and the years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLLs) were calculated by using the data from three rounds of all death causes survey and database of cancer registry in Hebei during 1973-2013. Results: From 1973 to 2013, a linear upward of malignant tumor mortality was observed, with a 51.57% increase. The mortality rate during 1973-1975 was 98.52/100 000 and it was 149.33/100 000 during 2011-2013. During 1973-1975, the YLLs was 17.0/1 000 in males and 12.8/1 000 in females. While during 2011-2013, the YLLs was 23.2/1 000 in males and 15.9/1 000 in females. During 1973-1975, esophagus cancer, stomach cancer and liver cancer were top three leading causes of deaths. During 2011-2013, lung cancer, stomach cancer and liver cancer were main leading causes of deaths. During the past 40 years, the deaths of esophagus cancer and cervix cancer decreased dramatically, but the deaths of lung cancer and breast cancer increased sharply. Conclusions: The disease burden caused by malignant tumor is becoming more serious in Hebei. It is necessary to strengthen the primary prevention and screening of malignant tumor.

Epidemiološke karakteristike malignih tumora u Šumadijskom okrugu

Introduction: Malignant tumors are a major public health problem worldwide and the second leading cause of mortality globally. The Aim: To analyze epidemiological characteristics and trends of the malignant tumors in the Shumadia district in the period 2006-2015. Material and Methods: The research was designed as a descriptive epidemiological study. Data on incidence and mortality were collected and analyzed from the Cancer Registry of Central Serbia in the period from 2006-2015. Results: During the observed period, in the territory of the Shumadia district, average standardized incidence of malignant tumors was 335/100000 in males and 313/100000 in females, and average standardized mortality of malignant tumors was 153/100000 in males and 100/100000 in females. Conclusion: Such research enables us to examine the society's burden on malignant diseases, plan strategies for cancer prevention and control.

Dynamics of morbidity of patients with malignant tumors of the nasal cavity, middle ear and paranasal sinuses (population­based study)

Malignant tumors of the nasal cavity, middle ear and paranasal sinuses are relatively rare registered malignancies. In 2014, 1012 new cases of this group of tumors were registered across Russia, among them, 88 new cases were registered in the North­West Federal District and 35 cases in St. Petersburg. According to the Tenth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases, this group of neoplasms is divided into two rubrics: C30 – malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and middle ear and S31 – malignant tumors of paranasal sinuses. However, IARC monographs and Russian disease incidence reference books consider these rubrics together. Purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of this study is to analyze the prevalence of malignant tumors of the nasal cavity, middle ear and paranasal sinuses in reliance on the database of the Population­Based Cancer Registry of St. Petersburg. Materials and methods of the study. The basis of this study is formed of 565 cases of malignant tumors of the nasal cavity, middle ear and paranasal sinuses according to ICD­10 rubrics C30 and 31. For indices evaluation the authors used traditional methods. Standardized incidence rates are calculated based on the world standard of population structure. Data analysis. The authors performed precise analysis of data on malignant tumors of the nasal cavity, middle ear and paranasal sinuses according to the fourth sign of ICD­10, calculated the average mortality rate and the proportion of patients with various stages of tumors, studied the specifics of histological structure of this group of tumors. Results. The incidence and mortality of malignant tumors of the nasal cavity, middle ear and paranasal sinuses are higher in men than in women. The percentage of the early stages has increased. Histological structure has generally retained its essential characteristics. Conclusion. For the first time in Russia this work presents an analysis of morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors of the nasal cavity, middle ear and paranasal sinuses at the population level according to the fourth sign of ICD­10. The authors calculated a number of analytical rates.

Handy, rapid and multiplex detection of tumor markers based on encoded silica–hydrogel hybrid beads array chip

Malignant tumor has become the leading cause of death worldwide; however, multiplex detection technology could provide great assistance in large-scale population screening of diseases which could effectively reduce the mortality of malignant tumors. Here a microbeads array chip, which could be a perfect alternative method for the early screening, was developed. Silica–hydrogel hybrid bead (SHHB) with photonic encoding, which consists of both silica and hydrogel materials, was manufactured as the carrier of microbeads array for the first time. The SHHB has the advantages of the beads made of silica or hydrogel, but does not have their limitations. Reaction conditions of SHHBs array were optimized and then the fluorescent concentration curves of two widely-used tumor markers, human alpha fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen, were constructed. The accuracy of SHHBs array has been proven according to the comparison between the results obtained by detecting 50 clinical samples with SHHBs array and chemiluminescence immunoassay. A cassette like chip device has also been developed to standardize operational processes and benefit automization in the next work. Hence it is concluded that SHHBs array chip is a handy, rapid and multiplex immunoassay technology, which could imply its practical application in clinical immunoassay in the near future.

Decomposition of life expectancy among permanent residents of Beijing, 2000 - 2010

To analyze the change of life expectancy and the impact of mortality by age and causes of death on this issue among permanent residents of Beijing. Abridged Life Table and Arriaga method were used to calculate and to decompose the changes on life expectancy by age and causes of death in 2000 - 2010. From 2000 - 2010, life expectancy under this studied population had an increase of 3.35 years. Most part of the increases (44.27%, 1.48 years) within the last 10 years could be explained by the decrease of mortality in the population at age ≥ 80. Both cerebrovascular and heart diseases were contributing the most to the increment of life expectancy while mortality of malignant tumors appeared a negative contributor to this increment. From 2000 to 2010, increment in life expectancy contributed to the decrease of mortality in the elderly and the decrease of mortalities on both cardio- and cerebro-vascular diseases. The decrease of life expectancy was mainly due to the increase of mortality related to malignant tumors.

Accumulation levels and characteristics of some pesticides in human adipose tissue samples from Southeast China

This paper presents a comprehensive study of pesticide levels and bio-accumulation characteristics in human adipose tissues among residents of Southeast China. A large number of adipose samples (n=633) were selected for 58 pesticides and were analyzed by high sensitive Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS/MS). The results showed that POPs pesticides were frequently detected, including 2,4′-DDD, 2,4′-DDE, 2,4′-DDT, 4,4′-DDD, 4,4′-DDE, 4,4′-DDT, α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and mirex. Other detected pesticide species were dicofol, methamidophos and chlordimeform, which have rarely been reported. Comparing to different countries, the concentrations of total DDT and HCH in these three Chinese southeastern sites were in the middle range, whereas the HCB and mirex were in the lower end. A significant correlation was observed between region as well as age and POPs pesticide levels. Some pesticide residue levels were also found significantly correlated to occupation. However, there was no significant correlation between gender and pesticides. Meanwhile, it is interesting to find that mortality of malignant tumors tends to associate with the pesticides levels in human adipose tissue. More importantly, the measured data presented in this study provide realistic information which is useful for assessing human exposure to pesticides in the general population of Southeast China.

96/00998 Mortality of malignant tumors among occupational radiation workers at CIAE

96/00998 Mortality of malignant tumors among occupational radiation workers at CIAE