Background: Elevation of serum pro-BNP and Troponin T are associated with cardiac diastolic dysfunction, an independent prognostic marker for the mortality of burn patients. The objective of this study was to test the above association and whether pro-BNP and/or TrI interact with LV diastolic dysfunction to affect prognosis in burn patients. Study design: We consecutively enrolled 56 critically burned patients who admitted the intensive care unit and performed transthoracic echocardiography to evaluate LV diastolic function. 30 healthy subjects served as controls. The participants were classified as having LV diastolic dysfunction by echocardiographic findings including mitral inflow E/A ratio 220 cm/s, or decreased peak annular early diastolic velocity in tissue Doppler imaging. Soluble plasma levels of pro-BNP and TrI were measured in all subjects. Results: The total body surfaced area of burned patients was proportional to serum level of NT-proBNP and hs-Troponin T (p < 0.001 for each). Significant correlations were found for NT-proBNP and decelerating time, E/A, and E/Em (r2 = 0.59, 0.45, and 0.52; p <0.001 for each), and for hs-Troponin T and decelerating time, E/A, and E/Em (r2 = 0.59, 0.62, and 0.65; p < 0.001 for each). Diastolic function improved significantly in association with decrease of cytokines after burned patients transferred to general ward (p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between LV diastolic dysfunction and in-hospital mortality in critically burned patients (HR = 3.67, p = 0.032) after risk factors adjusted. Conclusions: Biomarkers of cardiac damage and mechanical stress may be associated with cardiac diastolic dysfucntion, which could be an independent prognostic factor in burn patients. NT-proBNP and hs-Troponin T may be a useful tool to predict clinical outcome in critically burned patients with LV diastolic dysfunction.