Morning Of May Research Articles

Mesoscale Characteristics of Exceptionally Heavy Rainfall during 4–6 May 2023 in Jiangxi, China

A long-lasting rainfall event exceeding historical extremes took place in Jiangxi, China, from May 4 to 6, 2023. Because of the concentrated duration of precipitation, it led to significant water accumulation in the northern, central, and southern regions of Jiangxi. The objective of this study was to investigate the weather mechanisms underlying this extreme rainstorm in Jiangxi. By examining detailed observational data, the mesoscale weather characteristics and environmental conditions of the event can be obtained. These findings offer valuable insights for future weather forecasting and warnings. It was observed that after the Huanghuai cyclone moved eastward into the sea, the cold air on its western side shifted northward and converged with the warm, moisture-laden air mass in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. This convergence of air masses triggered the heavy rainstorm event. The peak precipitation period occurred from midnight on May 5 to 0800 BJT on May 6. Concerning the macroscopic precipitation characteristics, multiple mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) originated in Hunan during this period and progressed eastward along the shear line toward the central part of Jiangxi. As for the microscopic precipitation features, the total precipitation amount was closely linked to the duration of heavy rain droplets. The rainfall distribution in the raindrop spectrum also served as a valuable reference for understanding the persistence and size of precipitation. The temporal pattern of the combined reflectivity echo along 27.5° N indicated that from 2000 BJT on May 5 to the early morning of May 6, there was a rapid development of a weaker MCS after passing through the Luoxiao Mountains. This development resulted in a “train effect” in the central region of Jiangxi. The presence of a 200 hPa divergence area, high vertical ascent rate, and abundant water vapor contributed to the formation of a narrow area of heavy rainstorms in central Jiangxi. Additionally, the falling area of heavy rain coincided with the front of the 500 hPa low trough. In the northern part of Jiangxi, the occurrence of heavy precipitation was influenced by the equivalent temperature front area. Favorable conditions, including water vapor, dynamics, and thermal factors, further supported the occurrence of heavy precipitation.

COUP OF 27 MAY 1960 IN TURKEY AND AMERICAN POSITION

The 1960 coup in Turkey is a turning point in Turkish political life, as it was the first and last military coup carried out by military personnel. In fact, the coup was surprising to everyone and a dangerous turning point in the development of events in Turkey, although the political and economic conditions that prevailed in Turkey in the second half of the fifties decade were foreshadowing a move by the army. The success of the coup raised many questions inside and outside Türkiye. The parliamentary life it adopted, which was entrenched in the multi-party system since the end of World War II, assumed the availability of constitutional guarantees to prevent the occurrence of such developments in political life. The United States of America, for its part, was supportive of the Democratic Party government throughout the ten years of its rule, but this support soon changed after the party government attempted to re-establish relations with the Soviet Union, and here the United States of America withdrew its support and this was evident in the success of the military coup, which resulted in the removal of the Democratic Party from the ruling power in Turkey on the morning of May 27, 1960

CAGE13-1 Cruise Report: Ocean acidification in the Barents Sea cruise: West Barents Sea slope, Barents Sea, north Norway

From the morning of May 26th to the morning of June 1st 2013, the Department of Geology of the University of Tromsø, Norway, arranged a scientific cruise aimed at investigating the western Barents Sea margin and the western Barents Sea on R/V “Helmer Hanssen”. Investigated areas were (in order of visiting sites on the cruise): the western Barents Sea slope to northwest of Bjørnøya, and the western Barents and north Norway. The scientific sampling was done within the framework of the ongoing project at the Department of Geology, University of Tromsø: “OAFS-Ocean Acidification Fram Strait”.
 A total of 3 gravity cores, 1 box-core, 5 multi-cores (with a total of 15 sub-cores retrieved), 13 plankton net casts and 13 CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) casts were performed at the western Barents Sea slope, and the Barents Sea.
 >17 chirp profiles and multibeam echo sounder lines were acquired during transits and during surveys of potential core sites.
 The cruise may be known as: CAGE13_OA

PS-BPR03-5: A CASE OF LIDDLE SYNDROME-LIKE REFRACTORY HYPERTENSION WITH TREATMENT-RESISTANT HYPOKALEMIA COMPLICATED BY NEPHROTIC SYNDROME DUE TO DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY

A 62-year-old woman had been treated for diabetic nephrotic syndrome, hypokalemia, and edema with perindopril, furosemide, potassium L-aspartate, valsartan, and spironolactone since January, X. On May 15, X, fatigue and nausea appeared, and on the morning of May 20, these symptoms increased. On the morning of May 20, she visited the hospital. She was urgently admitted to the hospital because of prominent edema in both lower limbs, elevated blood pressure (164/83 mmHg), marked hypokinemia (K 2.4 mEq/L), and metabolic alkalosis (pH 7.612, HCO3- 31.3 mmol/L) in the arterial blood gas. Post-hospitalization examination revealed hyporeninemia and hypoaldosteronemia. Since administration of spironolactone in addition to previous medications failed to improve the hypokaremia and hypertension, triamterene 100 mg was added. The treatment was resulted in rapid hypotension, accompanied by improvement of hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis. The dose of triamterene was later reduced to 50 mg, and excess blood pressure lowering was improve. Genetic testing did not identify any mutations in the beta or gamma subunits of the ENaC gene. Discussion: In this patient, no hypokalemia was observed in previous examinations. The hypokalemia in this patient was spironolactone-resistant, and the fact that triamterene, a distal tubular epithelial Na channel (ENaC) inhibitor, was effective in this patient; furthermore, no genetic abnormality in ENaC, suggests the possibility of an acquired ENaC abnormality similar to the Liddle syndrome.

Drag Race to the Bottom

Drag Race to the Bottom Ariel Munczek Edelman (bio) On the morning of May 10, 2022, standing in front of stock tickers for some of the world's most valuable companies, drag queen Monét X Change proclaimed: "On behalf of RuPaul, World of Wonder, and queer people far and near, it's time to ring the bell, honey!" On cue, seven winners of RuPaul's Drag Race—the hit reality competition TV series, which had just finished its fourteenth season—reached across a logo-strewn podium to announce the daily opening of the world's second-largest stock exchange. "We represent what scholars will one day call the drag revolution," Shea Coulee, the winner of one of Drag Race's many spinoff shows, added. "I want to thank NASDAQ." I started watching Drag Race early in my first year of college. The Emmy Award-winning program puts its drag queen contestants through a gauntlet of challenges, from walking the runway and writing original songs to impersonating celebrities and making costumes from scratch. The competing artists' ingenuity and glamour drew me to the form with a ravenous hunger. I began attending local drag shows and, soon after, performing in drag myself, first for other students and then in bars in Philadelphia, Washington, D.C., and Prague. Drag Race has led more people than ever to appreciate art that plays with gender expression, myself included. Drag's unique flexibility allows performers from across the globe to combine breathtaking looks with lip syncs, stand-up comedy, [End Page 11] circus arts, experimental fashion, live music, and endless other art forms. But even as a fan of the show, it didn't take long for me to realize that Drag Race's influence was not entirely benevolent. While some Drag Race alumni leverage their success to pay off student loans or buy a home, others leave the competition with tens of thousands of dollars in debt. Unlike most other reality programs, Drag Race contestants must self-fund the plethora of cosmetics, costumes, wigs, and props needed to compete on the show. As one contestant, Kameron Michaels, recounted, "I spent more coming into this competition than I did as the down payment on my house." As Drag Race's rewards reach new heights—the winner of the most recent season of the spinoff RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars won a cool $200,000, ten times the size of the cash prize for the first season—work for most drag artists remains so precarious that they frequently take on several other jobs to stay afloat. The so-called drag golden age is really a gilded age, where the runaway success of a few is made possible at the expense of the many. And if economic insecurity wasn't enough, local performers increasingly face threats of extremist violence from the right. Even the most diehard drag fans should cast a critical eye on Drag Race and its architects, who have built an unequal drag performance economy while remaking the art of drag in the show's own image. ______ In the late 2000s, superstar drag queen RuPaul Charles felt it was time for a drag competition show. "The Obama movement was happening," he told New York in 2017, "and I could feel it in my bones that it was time." Viacom's LGBT television network, Logo TV, rejected Drag Race several times, out of fear that it would make the network appear too gay. It acquiesced in 2009, however, when RuPaul's production company, World of Wonder, agreed to downplay drag's role in gay nightlife. The reality television genre that emerged in the decades leading up to Drag Race had already proved its value to American network executives: it nearly eliminated writing and acting costs and was less prone to strikes and shutdowns than scripted programs. Early reality programs like The Real World, Road Rules, and Big Brother centered on charismatic, low-paid workers who did labor that previously took several actors or crew members to carry out. Shows like Queer Eye for the Straight Guy and American Idol extended the possibilities of the format with vote-by-texting features, interactive websites, and fan...

Sigmund Freud, 19 Berggasse, Vienna. André Breton, 42 Rue Fontaine, Paris

Sigmund Freud, 19 Berggasse, Vienna. André Breton, 42 Rue Fontaine, Paris

The Poetry of Punishment

"On a radiant Monday morning in May, I am at the middle school, waiting to see who I have today for In School Suspension. Minivans are pulling up in front, and I open the window and let the breeze blow in the first image of the poem I will spend the day writing. It's a windy day, and everything is in motion, clouds, trees, kids heading into their day at school. Using my fingers to count out syllables, I find the words for my first line, in iambic pentameter. The day's sonnet is underway […]"

Revolution in Our Time: The Black Panther Party’s Promise to the People by Kekla MaGoon

Reviewed by: Revolution in Our Time: The Black Panther Party’s Promise to the People by Kekla MaGoon Kate Quealy-Gainer, Assistant Editor Magoon, Kekla Revolution in Our Time: The Black Panther Party’s Promise to the People. Candlewick, 2021 [400p] illus. with photographs Trade ed. ISBN 9781536214185 $24.99 E-book ed. ISBN 9781536223422 $24.99 Reviewed from digital galleys R Gr. 6-12 The Black Panthers are too often a footnote in the whitewashed retelling of the civil rights movement, but fortunately Magoon, writing with clarity and accessibility, gives a full picture of an organization based in Black power, how it came to be, and how it has been purposely misrepresented in history books for decades. The book opens with the morning of May 2, 1967, when thirty members of the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense, including its chairman Bobby Seale, arrived armed at the California statehouse to read out a statement condemning police brutality and demanding equal treatment for Black Americans. From there, Magoon zooms out, devoting her first section to tracking the Black experience from slavery through the Civil War to the ’60s, and then getting into the specifics of the formation of the Black Panthers, the group’s larger goals and day-to-day organizing, their community work, and the movement’s eventual dispersal. Particularly effective here is Magoon’s emphasis on the entirety of the party itself, keeping the Panthers’ objectives at the forefront and highlighting how their direct actions were guided by their mission—and how those actions were pushed back against, often violently, by systematic oppression from police and law enforcement. It’s a compelling portrait, too, of how complex a social movement can be, as readers see how progressive and intersectional politics bring in competing views that all adhere to the Panthers’ ideals but eventually strain the organization to the breaking point. Readers attuned to the news will certainly see the similarities to the BLM movement, particularly in both groups’ organizing around police brutality, and young social activists will find a model to make big change with local action. Back matter includes a list of key people, a timeline, glossary, further reading, source notes, and a compelling author’s note about building on history for a more equitable future. Copyright © 2021 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Prague, the Victorious May of 1945

The article deals with complex and controversial issues related to the uprising and liberation of Prague in May 1945. Interpretation of the events became acute and caused lively discussions in connection with the demolition of the monument to Marshal I. V. Konev on April 3, 2020 by the order of the local municipality. The Czech Republic is also discussing the idea of «perpetuating the role of other liberators» of the capital – soldiers of the ROA division, which for two days (May 6-7) provided assistance to the rebels. Using new documents from the Central archive of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation, the author draws a conclusion about the limited influence of the Vlasov units. They, indeed, brought confusion to the German ranks, but early in the morning of May 8, they themselves left Prague on a rapid march. After that, fighting and negotiations between the rebels and the German command continued. The article emphasizes that the main goal of the Soviet military operation from 6 to 11 May 1945 was the defeat of the German Army Group Center. The liberation of Prague was only part of a powerful offensive by three Soviet fronts. Heavy battles for Prague did not happen, but the entry of Soviet tanks into the Czech capital and the subsequent jubilation of local residents became a symbol of the end of the war in Europe. The author concludes that the demolition of monuments to Soviet soldiers and commanders is a manifestation of internal political struggle in the countries where it occurs, and the Czech Republic is only one of these examples.

Dynamic movement history of the Iiyama slope failure revealed from seismic data

The Iiyama slope failure occurred in the early morning of May 19, 2017, in Nagano Prefecture, central Japan. It caused a debris flow in the Idegawa River, resulting in the evacuation of the residents of the neighboring areas for half a year. Since the source was located in a mountainous area, the cause of the debris flow was not discovered immediately.To investigate the mechanism of this slope failure, we performed a field survey and obtained aerial photos of the slope failure using an unmanned aerial vehicle. Additionally, we analyzed seismic data recorded by the surrounding stations, to identify the ground motion generated by the mass movements.We found that the Iiyama slope failure involved two major mass movements: a large landslide and a subsequent debris flow triggered by the landslide. The movement of the landslide was recorded with long-period seismic waveforms, and the estimated force history showed a unidirectional movement from north to south for 50 s, reaching a maximum velocity of about 6.6 m/s. Following, debris flew for about 5 km from the top of the landslide source area. The initial collapse produced a large shaking with a short-period component, and the signal gradually decayed as the debris flow traveled along the river.Our study shows that the two mass movements in the Iiyama slope failure generated ground motions with completely different frequencies. This suggests that the ground motions recorded by the seismometer are significant for understanding the movement mechanism of slope failure. The seismic signal, combined with the aerial photos, helps us to understand the dynamic movement history of the landslide.

Prevención de riesgos tecnológicos en Aceros Argentinos. Alternativas de cambio para una mejora en la gestión de seguridad

Sólo las organizaciones intuitivas y sensoriales resisten y saben sobrevivir en los grandes períodos de transición.
 Patrick Lagadec
 
 Eran las 8:15 de la mañana de un gélido día de mayo de 2008, en el que el sol demoraba su llegada sobre el ventanal de la oficina de Carlos Losada, Gerente Corporativo del Sistema de Gestión Integrada de Aceros Argentinos. Se sirvió una taza de café mientras esperaba a su mano derecha, el Gerente de Área Corporativa de Seguridad Industrial Fernando Arregui. Juntos tendrían que revisar una serie de documentos para una reunión que tendría lugar la semana siguiente con los gerentes de línea de la Planta Alambres de Villa Angela. En sus manos tenía un informe diagnóstico sobre percepciones de la seguridad en la planta que serviría de insumo para diseñar un plan de acciones. Este plan debía contribuir a poner fin a una sorprendente seguidilla de serios
 accidentes que se habían producido tras la certificación de normas internacionales de seguridad, exigida por la casa matriz a todas sus filiales en el mundo. Durante los últimos años la empresa había cambiado varias veces sus accionistas y sus políticas corporativas. Estos cambios no sólo acarrearon nuevos y superiores estándares de producción y productividad, sino también de gestión de los recursos humanos, la calidad, la seguridad y el impacto ambiental. En lo específicamente referido a la seguridad, el objetivo de la certificación de normas internacionales era reducir la frecuencia y la gravedad de los accidentes, pues ambos indicadores eran históricamente del orden de 35 accidentes por millón de horas trabajadas y de 0,5 jornadas perdidas cada 1000 horas trabajadas mientras que los valores considerados deseables por la casa matriz eran significativamente inferiores (10 y 0,1 respectivamente).
 Para enfrentar el problema, Losada decidió poner en marcha una experiencia piloto en una de las plantas productoras de alambres ubicada en Villa Angela, provincia de Santa Fe, considerada la más propicia por la buena relación existente entre sus gerentes, supervisores y operarios. La semana entrante Losada tendría a tal efecto una reunión clave con Gustavo Álvarez (Gerente de la Planta Alambres) y sus gerentes de línea para discutir un plan de acciones. La misión de Losada era reducir en los próximos 24 meses los índices de
 frecuencia y gravedad de los accidentes impulsando un cambio durable en el modo de gestión de la seguridad.
 Con el apoyo de Arregui, Álvarez y su equipo de gerentes de línea debían elegir un curso de acción, teniendo en cuenta las restricciones y los pros y contras de las diferentes alternativas disponibles para llevarlo adelante. Losada se preguntaba: ¿cómo lograr cambios duraderos sin que las mejoras tarden demasiado en llegar?, ¿debe privilegiarse la preparación de los gerentes y mandos medios o debe darse inmediata participación a los trabajadores y a sus representantes sindicales?
 Entre las restricciones existentes para optar por uno u otro curso de acción, las principales eran, por un lado, la fuerte presión de la casa matriz a favor de rápidas mejoras en cuanto a la reducción del número y sobre todo la gravedad de los accidentes y, por otro lado, la presencia de un sindicato combativo, siempre desconfiado de las
 políticas patronales y habituado a recurrir al conflicto como herramienta de defensa de los intereses de los trabajadores. 
 Si la experiencia piloto lograba resultados positivos, se esperaba poder convertirla en ejemplo de referencia para el resto de las plantas. Si fracasaba, las mejoras a realizar podrían sufrir adicionales retrasos, con el consiguiente riesgo de reiteración de los accidentes graves.

Becoming Lincoln by William W. Freehling

Reviewed by: Becoming Lincoln by William W. Freehling Matthew Pinsker (bio) Becoming Lincoln. By William W. Freehling. (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2018. Pp. 324. Cloth, $29.95.) When one of the country's most distinguished historians of the antebellum American South sets out to explain how Abraham Lincoln became Abraham Lincoln, it's worth taking notice. But in this case, although William Freehling has produced a lively, thought-provoking rumination on a great subject, many readers will feel frustrated by this volume. Academic historians will have to wade through significant clutter to get to its sharpest insights, while general students will probably find the discursive tone and slapdash structure difficult to follow. The book presents itself as a biography of a politician's most formative rises and falls, but the narrative weaves in and out of chronology and then wraps things up with a confusing burst, handling the entire war and destruction of slavery in a quick fifteen-page epilogue. This might have been effective if Freehling had been more deliberate about identifying [End Page 115] coherent themes for understanding Lincoln's evolution as a leader. Instead, the author writes in stubbornly romantic (and vague) terms, casting his subject as a classic heroic figure ("the supreme Alger," 34) who "suffered excruciating failures, yet scored historic triumphs" (1). There are strong moments, however, when a discerning reader can relish some truly magisterial Freehling prose. And the scholar's main insight about the political Lincoln—that he became "an evolving connoisseur" of the "conservative tack," which proved essential for the success of the antislavery movement—is one that a number of historians embrace (165). Moreover, Freehling does offer original insights about key moments in Lincoln's complicated antislavery odyssey, such as the Illinois politician's tentative proposal in 1849 for abolition in the District of Columbia; or the pivotal 1854 Peoria speech, which first detailed his support for the containment of slavery; or the more famous (but in Freehling's opinion, poorly understood), "House Divided" speech from 1858. Yet what Freehling does best in showing Lincoln's halting evolution toward what he terms a "coercive emancipator" is to situate his maturing subject within the political landscape of the border states—both North and South (207). The noted historian makes a litany of helpful connections between Lincoln's individual career choices and wider national issues, such as antebellum railroad development or southern fears about Republican patronage power. Still, Freehling takes some regrettable shortcuts. The author claims, for example, that President Lincoln initially "ridiculed" the idea of emancipation. In May 1861, the new president allegedly dismissed those "bewildered and dazzled" northerners who seemed to believe that "the war is to result in the entire abolition of Slavery" (306). Yet the setup for this critical statement—which is so important to Freehling's central thesis—gets several things wrong. To begin with, the endnote points toward White House aide John Nicolay's private notes, but the awkwardly edited quotation comes instead from the diary of John Hay, Lincoln's other top assistant. Moreover, Hay's version of the exchange suggests no ridicule—that's pure interpretation. And, in fact, when combined with the information from Nicolay's notes, which did cover that same revealing moment on the morning of May 7, 1861, a reader might well be left with a much different impression. Hay reported that Lincoln appeared calm and thoughtful, even as he described to his boss a wild new plan from Illinois conservative Orville Browning to "subjugate" the South by establishing "a black republic in lieu of the exterminated whites." That's when Lincoln made his observation (coolly?) about their "bewildered and dazzled" allies. The president then identified other Republican moderates, like Wisconsin senator James R. [End Page 116] Doolittle and New Yorker James A. Hamilton (one of Alexander Hamilton's sons), who were also making bold suggestions to him about war strategy. Doolittle specifically was the one talking to Lincoln about the "entire abolition of Slavery" (not just "some of our northerners," as Freehling suggests), while Hamilton (whom Freehling ignores) was "earnestly" endorsing the enlistment of black soldiers.1 In his own memoir, Hamilton claimed Lincoln had treated this proposal with...

Neither a Hoax nor Art: Politics

On a Saturday morning in May 2013, a sign indicating a public work was installed on Padre Belchior Street, in central Belo Horizonte. According to the sign, in just a couple of days the busy street would become a construction site in which the main goal would be to undo four asphalted lanes and bring back instead the late Leitão stream – an urban stream which four decades ago was channeled and covered with concrete, giving place to a roadway. Three days later, the sign was no longer in place and the Federal Police had began to investigate the authors of the "fictitious project" for improper use of government logos. This article recovers this story in order to discuss the relationship between the proccesses that mark how cities are constructed, public participation and urban interventions.

Vital (Johannine) Signs: ‘Crip-tic’ Enactments of a Man at the Pool (John 5:1-18)

Abstract John 5:1-18 is here interpreted ‘crip-tically’ (through a crip hermeneutic) which seeks to pay due attention to the man at the pool and his ‘enactments’. In order to subvert notions of what Alison Kafer has termed ‘curative time’, here this sign is seen to afford something other than a normalisation or physical healing of a body. Inspiration is drawn from two recent disability arts exhibits – Liz Crow’s Bedding Out (2012-2013) and Noëmi Lakmaier’s One Morning in May (2012) – and their respective illustrations of crip time and movement to highlight how the man in John 5:1-18 too has the potential to subversively refigure ‘normative’ understandings of time, space and embodiment within the Gospel.

Youth in Global Health: IFMSA at 71st World Health Assembly and Youth PreWHA, 2018

On a Monday morning in May, dark clouds loom over Geneva, otherwise a host for lovely summer weather at this time of the year. The heavily-guarded entrance to Palais des Nations, home of the United Nations Office at Geneva, is bustling with smartly dressed men and women. A bunch of young students wait excitedly and in anticipation to finally enter this 20th century building, an imposing architecture and a testimony to years of multilateral diplomacy. As one of the most active centers for international diplomacy and home to multiple international organizations, including the World Health Organization, there could not be a better place for these bunch of paladins to learn and practice health diplomacy and advocacy. We were about to witness the 71st World Health Assembly at the World Health Organization, Geneva and represent voices of more than a million medical students worldwide. The next six days would be a potpourri of emotions, from being overwhelmed at entering the majestic assembly hall to being confused in between all the meetings and events.

Punctual Fungal Monitoring of Environment Surfaces in an Intensive Care Unit

Nosocomial fungal infections could arise from exposure to spores or filamentous fungi existing in the hospital environment.
 The present study aimed to investigate the quality of surfaces in an intensive care unit, to ascertain their potential contribution to fungal infection in the hospital.
 In the morning of May 28, 2017 punctual samples were taken from surfaces by moistened sterile swabs and were inoculated on Sabouraud dextrose agar and Malt extract agar.
 Qualitative evaluation of moulds was based on the microscopic view and morphological features of colonies; identification of yeasts was based on routine biochemical tests (Auxacolor©-Bio-Rad).
 Out of 100 samples taken from surfaces, 24 (24%) were positive for fungal presence, divided into moulds (75%) and yeasts (25%), the identified strains belonged to 9 genera, most frequently to Aspergillus, Candida, Mucor, Cladosporium, Penicillium and Trichosporon, the most predominant fungi encountered is Aspergillus niger (25%)
 In conclusion, to achieve our professional service and provide a safe environment for patients, punctual fungal monitoring needs to be done consistently.

Dragons in The Sky: The Story of HAATS, The High-Altitude Army National Guard Aviation Training Site

By the time the sun crested the eastern horizon and showered Oregon's Mount Hood in golden light on the morning of May 30, 2002, dozens of climbers had been pushing into the frigid heights of the 1...

Intra-continental wildfire smoke transport and impact on local air quality observed by ground-based and satellite remote sensing in New York City

The wildfires in Fort McMurray of Alberta, Canada, injected large amounts of smoke aerosols in May 2016 and were identified as being one of Canada's major weather events of the year. This paper presents a synergistic remote sensing and in-situ measurement of the resultant smoke plume transport, optical properties, and its impacts on local air quality in New York City (NYC). Comparisons with the operational air quality model forecast (the NOAA National Air Quality Forecasting Capability, NAQFC) performance are presented. The aloft plume intrusions on May 9–13 and 25–29, 2016, and their mixing down into the planetary-boundary layer (PBL) were observed by a combined lidar, ceilometer and other measurement. A decrease in single-scattering albedo and absorption Angstrom exponent near one indicates that the plumes were absorbing aerosol dominated. Dramatic impacts of smoke transport on the ground air quality are demonstrated with a coincident increase of ground PM2.5 (from 5- to 25–30 μg/m3) in NYC urban and upwind rural area, enhancement of the PM2.5 speciation (organic carbon, elemental carbon, potassium ion (K+)) and the ozone exceedance of NAAQS. Using the satellite and model product, we show regional spatial distribution of smoke, multiple transport paths and wildfire sources. Finally, with the lidar vertical profiling observations, we evaluate the model PBL-height (PBLH) and PM2.5 during May 24th to 30th, 2016. The model PBLH shows consistent diurnal variation with the observed mixing layer height (MLH), but is clearly overestimated during the convective daytime hours. On the other hand, when estimating the MLH directly from the model PM2.5 profile, better agreement with observation was indicated. This helps explain the good agreement between the model PM2.5 and surface measurements except for the model overestimate during the morning of May 25 and 26, 2016.

Nghiên cứu sự biến động sinh khối phiêu sinh thực vật và hàm lượng ôxy hòa tan để quản lý đàn cá trên kênh Nhiêu Lộc - Thị Nghè, Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh

The study was conducted during one-year cycle, with six sampling periods in January, March, July, September and November 2015 to identify the phytoplankton and dissolved oxyen (DO) fluctuations at the Nhieu Loc - Thi Nghe (NL-TN) canal in spatial, temporal and tidal scales, thereby proposing solutions to manage the fish stock in the canal. The NL-TN canal is devided into three sections including downstream, midstream and upstream, with nine sampling stations. The collected samples represented the highest and lowest tide periods of the month. The results showed that the phytoplankton biomass reached highest value in upstream (5,2-6,1 gDW/m3) and lowest in downstream (4,4-4,9 gDW/m3); however, there is no correlation between high biomass phytoplankton and low DO in early morning in spatial scale. In terms of temporal aspect, phytoplankton biomass reached the highest in July (6.9 gDW/m3) and the lowest in September (3.5 gDW/m3); however, there is no correlation between phytoplankton and DO biomass over time. Therefore, the monitoring of phytoplankton biomass with the frequency of 2 months/time is not effective in predicting correlative fluctuations of phytoplankton indicator with DO deficiency for fish stock management. Considering tidal fluctuations, high and low tide levels had significant influence on the annual average phytoplankton biomass difference. Considering the DO aspect, DO shows the lowest level in the early morning of May at the low tide period, which coincides with the high mortality of fish stock in the canal at the beginning of the rainy season, posing a requirement for DO monitoring and management at the risky times with DO deficiency for fish stock management.

Mothers Against Jesse in Congress: Grassroots Maternalism and the Cultural Politics of the AIDS Crisis in North Carolina

Mothers Against Jesse in Congress:Grassroots Maternalism and the Cultural Politics of the AIDS Crisis in North Carolina Robert Hunt Ferguson (bio) On the morning of May 15, 1990, while Rose Vaughn Williams vacationed with her husband at Atlantic Beach, North Carolina, she received a call that she had been dreading for months. Her mother was on the phone, explaining that Rose’s brother had died early that morning. Mark Vaughn had been diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) several years before and had been seriously ill for the last eighteen months. In haste, Rose packed her suitcase and drove the three hours from Atlantic Beach to Raleigh to be with her mother. As she made her way to her childhood home, where Mark had been bedridden and on hospice care, Rose thought about her brother’s struggle with AIDS. In the months before he died, the disease had taken an insurmountable physical toll, causing incontinence, blindness, and paralysis. She thought about her mother, Eloise Vaughn, who had been by her brother’s bedside—in the room where he had grown up—during the worst days of the disease and on the morning he died. In the car, Rose had the stereo tuned to National Public Radio (NPR). By coincidence NPR was covering a debate in the United States Senate over a bill that she was closely following. Known then as S.2240, the bill proposed to provide low-income AIDS patients with improved availability of care. As she drove to Raleigh, the very senator who represented her state took the floor to express his concerns about the bill that would eventually be called the Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency Act, known more commonly as the Ryan White CARE Act.1 [End Page 107] Jesse Helms was six months away from being reelected by the people of North Carolina to a fourth term in the U.S. Senate in what would be a nail-biter election.2 Helms began his remarks on the Senate floor that day by promising to “try to be brief.” For the next half hour Helms criticized S.2240 and the people it proposed to help. He accused Senate colleagues who supported the bill of falling prey to the lobbying efforts of the “so-called homosexual community,” a term that Helms admitted was the “nicest possible description” he could muster for gays. Then Helms stated for public record that he had received threats from the “homosexual community” and that the Capitol Police had suggested he be escorted at all times by a bodyguard. Helms had refused the protection.3 The senator from North Carolina spent the majority of his time on the floor theorizing that AIDS did not touch the lives of North Carolinians. According to Helms, a cabal that included the media, homosexual activists, “Hollywood,” and colluding politicians had “elevated AIDS into a political issue totally out of proportion to its medical impact on the people of this country.” “The bottom line,” Helms claimed, “is that Greensboro, NC, or Indianapolis, IN, or rural Texas will never have an AIDS outbreak like San Francisco.” Helms’s conclusion was clear; AIDS did not affect North Carolinians, at least none whom he knew. The few innocent, heterosexual bystanders who had contracted AIDS were victims of a disease spread by “promiscuous homosexual[s]” who “engage in illegal and immoral activities” and whose only purpose in supporting the proposed bill was “to proselytize a dangerous lifestyle.” In Helms’s view, even Ryan White, a teenaged hemophiliac who had contracted HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) through a blood transfusion and was suspended from his Indiana school, was being unwittingly used by gay activists to win sympathy for AIDS patients. The namesake of the proposed bill, “bless his heart,” Helms eulogized, was “a courageous little fellow, who died of AIDS on Palm Sunday.” Helms suggested that White and his parents—who had buried their son barely one month prior—had [End Page 108] become dupes in a subversive scheme “to feed the appetite of a movement which is not going to be satisfied until the moral and social fabric of this Nation has been irreparably changed.” Helms concluded by...