Moral Intelligence Research Articles

The Relationship between Moral Intelligence and Quality of Working

The Relationship between Moral Intelligence and Quality of Working

Designing and psychometric assessment of the moral intelligence scale for healthcare professionals

The moral intelligence of healthcare professionals in the cardiac operating room is one of the most important aspects of professional competence. However, moral intelligence is an abstract and multidimensional concept that needs to be clarified and described based on organizational culture and environment. Therefore, there is a need to design a specific scale for measuring the moral intelligence of healthcare professionals in the cardiac operating room. This study aims to design and assess the psychometric properties of a moral intelligence scale for healthcare professionals in the cardiac operating room. The present study was a mixed method study with a sequential exploratory approach. The research was conducted in 2023–2024 in Iran. The first phase data were collected from 20 healthcare professionals and were analyzed by conventional content analysis method. In the second phase, the validity and reliability of the instrument were evaluated by involving 300 healthcare professionals in the cardiac operating room. The moral intelligence of health care professionals in the cardiac operating room was defined as moral sensitivity combined with moral commitment and moral courage for the provision of quality care that respects the principles of medical ethics. After deducing the conceptual framework, the moral intelligence scale for healthcare professionals in the cardiac operating room was developed with three dimensions: “moral sensitivity,” “moral commitment,” and “moral courage.” 11 items were removed during testing to ensure content validity. Face validity was confirmed with impact scores > 1.5 for all items. A scale was developed through factor analysis with three factors that accounted for 73.04% of the observed variance. The instrument’s reliability using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient calculation was reported as 0.94 for the entire instrument. The testretest showed no statistically significant difference between the pre and post-test scores of moral intelligence (p = 0.51). The moral intelligence scale demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties. The moral intelligence scale for health care professionals in the cardiac operating room demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties. This instrument may serve to assess the moral intelligence of healthcare professionals and determine the need for educational interventions to reduce the ethical challenges and improve the moral intelligence of this healthcare.

Moral Intelligence and Bullying At Junior High School

There are many cases of bullying at junior high school level. Every school are now inclusive school because of the diverse culture, socioeconomic status, and students with various special needs. The diversity makes students look different. This is actually an opportunity for students to hone tolerance, or as opposite a high risk for occurrence of bullying. Therefore bullying is related to moral intelligence. If students can show empathy, they tend to think wisely and act positive. Coversely, those who bully others are students who lack kindness and act to suppres their peers. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between moral intelligence and bullying in junior high school students. The method used is quantitative with a correlational design. The subject were 300 junior high school students, boys and girls. The research used Moral Competency Inventory (MCI) scale and Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ) scale to collect the data, and data were analyzed using person product moment correlation. The results show negative and significant relationship between moral intelligence and bullying behavior in junior high school students with a correlation value of –0.633 and a significant value of 0.001.
 Keywords: moral intelligence, bullying, junior high school student

Hubungan Antara Kecerdasan Moral Terhadap Perilaku Cybersex Pada Remaja

This research aims to examine the relationship between moral intelligence and cybersex behavior among adolescents. The methodology employed in this study involves the use of the product-moment correlation test, encompassing 270 adolescents aged 15 to 19 as research subjects. The Moral Competence Inventory (MCI) developed by Lennick and Kiel (2005) was utilized as the measure of moral intelligence, while the instrument for cybersex behavior originated from tools compiled by Delmonico and Miller (2003). The correlation result of -0.317, p = 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicates a negative relationship between moral intelligence and cybersex behavior among adolescents. It signifies that higher moral intelligence correlates with lower cybersex engagement among adolescents, and conversely, lower moral intelligence associates with increased cybersex activity among this demographic. One approach to address cybersex behavior is by enhancing adolescents' understanding of moral values.

Predictive Ability Of Moral Intelligence In Academic Entitlement Among University Students

This study aimed to investigate the predictive ability of moral intelligence in academic entitlement in Al al-Bayt University students and to determine its level among them. It also sought to determine whether differences in academic entitlement are attributable to gender, type of college, and academic level. Two measures were utilised to achieve the study objectives. A total of (404) male and female students were recruited for this study using the convenience sample method. The level of moral intelligence and academic entitlement was found to be high. The findings showed statistically significant differences in the level of academic entitlement attributed to the gender variable (females) and statistically significant differences in academic entitlement in the college variable (scientific colleges). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the level of academic entitlement due to the academic level variable. Moral intelligence contributed to explaining (47.1%) of the variance in academic entitlement.

How Much Like Us Do We Want AIs to Be?

Replicating or exceeding human intelligence, not just in particular domains but in general, has always been a major goal of Artificial Intelligence (AI). We argue here that “human intelligence” is not only ill-defined, but often conflated with broader aspects of human psychology. Standard arguments for replicating it are morally unacceptable. We then suggest a reframing: that the proper goal of AI is not to replicate humans, but to complement them by creating diverse intelligences capable of collaborating with humans. This goal renders issues of theory of mind, empathy, and caring, or community engagement, central to AI. It also challenges AI to better understand the circumstances in which human intelligence, including human moral intelligence, fails.

The Relative Contribution of Cognitive Flexibility to Predicting Moral Intelligence Among Faculty Members

The Relative Contribution of Cognitive Flexibility to Predicting Moral Intelligence Among Faculty Members

PERAN GURU PPKn DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KECERDASAN MORAL SISWA DI SMP NEGERI 1 LUAHAGUNDRE MANIAMOLO TAHUN PELAJARAN 2022/2023

This research is motivated by the lack of moral intellegence of students; for example talking to each other when the teacher explains the learning material, or they don't listen to the teacher when being advised. To address these problems, researchers conducted research of the Role of Civics Teachers in Developing Students' Moral Intelligence at SMP Negeri 1 Luahagundre Maniamolo. This study aims to find out the Role of Civics Teachers in Developing Students' Moral Intelligence at SMP Negeri 1 Luahagundre Maniamolo. The approach used in this research is a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The source of the data in this study is Civics teachers and students, totaling 10 people. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out by (1) observation, (2) interviews, (3) documentation studies. The data analysis technique in this study was carried out through three series of activities (1) data reduction (2) data model (3) withdrawal of verification/conclution. The teacher's suggestions should be able to carry out their role properly so that students are able to follow the directions given. The teacher should be a good role model able to show attitudes and behavior that are in accordance with everyday life so that students have good moral intelligence.

The Study of the Model of Delinquency Based on Conduct Disorder and Character Type Meditated by Moral Intelligence in Delinquent Adolescents

Background: Delinquency is one of the social phenomena that currently besets societies and imposes heavy expenses on them annually. This study aimed to study the relationship between delinquency based on conduct disorder and character type with the mediating role of moral intelligence in the adolescents of Kerman City Correctional Center. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. The statistical population included 66 adolescents from Kerman City Correctional Center, selected using random sampling. The research tools included a Conduct Disorder Questionnaire (CDQ), a character-type questionnaire (Hans Eysenck, 1963), and a moral intelligence questionnaire (Link & Keil, 2005). Data were analyzed using SPSS 28, Smart PLS3, the Parson correlation coefficient, and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: There was a direct and significant relationship between moral intelligence and character types (path coefficient (PC)=1.502, T=2.096, P<0.05), between conduct disorder and moral intelligence (PC=0.996, T=1173.19, P<0.01), and between moral intelligence and character types (PC=1.502, T=2.096, P<0.05) of the delinquent adolescents. There was also an indirect significant relation between conduct disorder based on character types and ethical intelligence mediation (PC=-1.495, T=2.095, P<0.05). Conclusion: We can impact the relationship between conduct disorder and character type by increasing moral intelligence to reduce conduct disorder, neuroticism, and psychosis in delinquent adolescents.

Evaluation of occupational stress and job performance in Iranian nurses: the mediating effect of moral and emotional intelligence

BackgroundNurses’ Job performance could be affected by occupational stress. Previous studies reported contradictory results in this regard. Factors such as moral and emotional intelligence could impact occupational stress. However, the extent of any mediating effect is unclear. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of occupational stress on nurses’ Job performance and the mediating impact of moral and emotional intelligence.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in Urmia teaching hospitals (Imam Khomeini, Motahari, Taleghani, Kosar, and Seyed al-Shohada Hospitals). Six hundred twenty-one nurses were selected using quota sampling from February 2022 to April 2022. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires, the Nursing Stress Scale, Paterson’s Job Performance Questionnaire, Siberia Schering’s Emotional Intelligence Standard Questionnaire, and Lennik and Keil’s Moral Intelligence Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 23 and SmartPLS ver. 2.ResultsOccupational stress had a positive, direct, and minor effect on nurses’ job performance (β = 0.088, t-value = 2.245, p < 0.01). Occupational stress had a positive and direct impact on moral intelligence (β = 0.161, t-value = 2.945, p < 0.01) and a negative and direct effect on emotional intelligence (β = -0.351, t-value = 7.484, p < 0.01). Occupational stress negatively and indirectly affected job performance through moral intelligence (β =—0.560, t-value = 14.773, p < 0.01). Occupational stress also positively and indirectly impacted job performance through emotional intelligence (β = 0.098, t-value = 2.177, p < 0.01).ConclusionsOccupational stress slightly affects nurses’ job performance, and emotional and moral intelligence mediates the impact of occupational stress and improves nurses’ job performance. Low occupational stress improves nurses’ job performance, but too much occupational stress could harm nurses’ job performance. Healthcare administrators should work to help reduce nurses’ occupational stress and improve their job performance by adopting practical strategies to help nurses manage and control their stress. Holding stress reduction classes, eliminating the nursing shortage, reducing working hours, reducing workload, and providing financial and spiritual support to nurses would be recommended. It is also recommended to provide theoretical and practical emotional and moral intelligence-oriented courses for nursing students and hold training workshops for nurses to improve their emotional and moral intelligence.

Penerapan Pendidikan Kristen Terhadap Kecerdasan Moral Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Di Paud SOS HKBP Sitabotabo

The aim of this research is to apply Christian education to the moral intelligence of children aged 5-6 years at PAUD SOS HKBP Sitabobo. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The data sources in this research are school principals and teaching staff. The data collection techniques used in this research are observation, documentation and interviews. And then the data analysis technique is carried out in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research indicate that there is an instillation of moral values ​​and Christian values ​​carried out by teachers in children aged 5-6 years at PAUD SOS HKBP Sitabota, starting from daily habits such as disciplinary time, greetings and greetings, teaching respecting each other's differences of opinion, teaching each other to love each other, teaching politeness to parents and other people, teaching an attitude of helping each other, and teaching children how to worship well, pray, sing and introduce themselves to God's creation. And when the teacher introduces good manners, or a helpful attitude, the teacher not only gives advice or orders, but also concrete examples. From the habits that teachers have taught to children, researchers see that not all children obey the rules or habits that have been taught by their teachers. And researchers also see that children are slowly starting to follow the rules or habits taught by their teachers at every meeting or every day. So the results of the research show that the morals of children at PAUD SOS HKBP Sitabobo have developed a lot.

The Relationship between Moral Intelligence and Patient Safety Culture in Nurses.

Ethical issues are among the first concerns and important issues in the daily care of nurses, so that nurses always try to maintain and observe them in order to provide better and more basic care to patients. Moral intelligence (MI) can provide a framework for the proper functioning of nurses. The main purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between patient safety culture and the MI of nurses working in hospitals in Iran, Guilan province. In the present study which was descriptive and correlational research, the sample was 400 nurses from Iran. Data were collected by a standardized and modified questionnaire "Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC)", and "Lennick & Kiel's Moral Intelligence Scale". The collected data were analyzed by Spearman correlation and Friedman test via SPSS software version 13. The findings of the study showed that the relationship between the patient safety culture and MI, was significant, and the total MI score (P<0.0001 and r=0.30). There is a positive correlation between MI of nurses and patient safety culture. Therefore, planning to increase the MI of nurses can lead to improve patients' safety culture.

Moral Intelligence Education in learning Pancasila and Citizenship Education as Strengthening the Personality of Industrial Age Students

Moral intelligence is the ability to understand right and wrong things, moral intelligence education can increase moral sensitivity in students in the industrial era. Benefits of Moral Intelligence so that an educator is able to apply or direct Moral Intelligence learning that can help students in the industrial era. The purpose of this writing is so that prospective educators and education can better understand the importance of moral intelligence in learning PPKN in elementary schools. The method used in making writing is to use the literature study method. The result of writing this journal is that an educator is more able to develop the moral intelligence of his students in learning.

Parents' Democratic Parenting in Developing the Moral Intelligence of Children Aged 6-12 Years at Santo Yosep Delitua Parish

The aim of this research is to understand how parents' democratic parenting in developing the moral intelligence of children aged 6-12 years at Santo Yosep Delitua Parish. This study used descriptive qualitative method. This research is conducted at Santo Yosep Delitua Parish, from February to April 2023. The research subjects are selected by purposive sampling. In this study, there are 15 informants consisting of parents and children aged 6-12 who are the research subjects. Data collection techniques are carried out by observing and continuing with interviews with research informants. The data analysis process includes three main stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and research conclusions. The results of the study show that parents' democratic parenting in developing the moral intelligence of children aged 6-12 years has been applied by parents at Santo Yosep Delitua Parish. The development of children's moral intelligence consisting of empathy, conscience, self-control, respect, kindness, tolerance, and fairness at Santo Yosep Delitua Parish has not been fully seen because they are still unable to be fair and unable to control themselves.

The Content Analysis of the Textbooks Payamhay-e-Asemani (Heavenly Messages) and Din va Zendegi (Religion and Life) of Secondary high School Based on the Components of Michael Burba’s Theory of Moral Intelligence: The Shannon’s Entropy Method

The Content Analysis of the Textbooks Payamhay-e-Asemani (Heavenly Messages) and Din va Zendegi (Religion and Life) of Secondary high School Based on the Components of Michael Burba’s Theory of Moral Intelligence: The Shannon’s Entropy Method

Moral sensitivity and related factors in Iranian critical care nurses: A narrative review

This Review explores moral sensitivity and related factors among critical care unit nurses in Iran. A broad systematic search was performed at the international electronic databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex and Scientific Information Database using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as "Morals", "Ethics", "Moral Sensitivity", "Nurses", and "Critical Care Unit" from the earliest to June 1, 2023. The studies revealed that Iranian nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs), cardiac care units (CCUs), neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), and dialysis units had average moral sensitivity. Factors related to moral sensitivity in Iranian critical care nurses were divided into demographic and moral-professional factors. Demographic factors related to moral sensitivity in Iranian critical care nurses included age, average weekly working hours, work history and clinical experience, gender, marital status, education level, type of work shift, workplace sector, and employment status. Demographic factors related to moral sensitivity in Iranian critical care nurses included respecting the patient's rights, moral intelligence, compassion fatigue, communication with the patient, the dimension of professional knowledge, moral tension, work conscience, virtual training, moral principles in a narrative style, critical care unit nurses require high benevolence, professional knowledge, and skills in delivering bad news. They must also know the history of passing moral courses, handling moral distress, and heavy mental workload. Based on these nurses' moderate moral sensitivity, medical center managers should focus on increasing their moral sensitivity by addressing related factors.

The Relationship between Moral Intelligence and Pain Management Awareness among Medical Interns at Jundishapur Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

Background and Objectives Considering the importance of pain control in patients, examining pain management awareness among medical students is necessary. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between moral intelligence and pain management awareness among medical interns at Jundishapur Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences. Subjects and Methods This cross-sectional descriptive study included 150 medical interns, who completed demographic information, the Lennik and Keil moral intelligence and Macmillan Pain Management questionnaires. Eventually, data were recorded and analyzed using SPSS software (version 26). Results The moral intelligence score of interns was 144.98 ± 17.18219. a total of 21 (14%) had average moral intelligence, and 129 (86%) cases showed good moral intelligence. The highest mean was related to accepting responsibility to serve others, and the lowest mean was related to the ability to forgive others' mistakes. The mean score for pain management was 73.72 ± 4.96446. Moreover, 30 (20%) cases had moderate pain management, and 120 (80%) cases showed good pain management. A statistically significant relationship was found between the moral intelligence and pain management score (P=0.003). The pain management score in women was significantly higher than that of men (p=0.001). Conclusion The indicators of moral intelligence and pain management in medical interns were at a good level, which indicates the success of general and specific educational programs in the field of developing moral skills in medical students.

Presenting a structural model of the relationship between perfectionism and life expectancy with the mediating role of moral intelligence and spiritual intelligence in the administrators of Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran province

Background and purpose: Today, in today's dynamic and risky world, in order to consolidate their survival, organizations must oblige their managers and employees to comply with ethical principles and acquire moral intelligence; Therefore, the purpose of this research was to present a structural model of the relationship between perfectionism and life expectancy with the mediating role of spiritual intelligence in the administrators of the Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran province. Methodology: In terms of purpose, this research was applied, and in terms of method, it was part of structural studies. Its statistical population consisted of all managers and deputy heads of units, heads and deputy heads of faculties, and heads of departments of Islamic Azad Universities of Mazandaran province, numbering 542 people. Based on Cochran's formula, 225 people were selected as a statistical sample using stratified random sampling. Asadpour's Perfectionism Questionnaire (2017), Schneider et al.'s Life Expectancy Questionnaire (1991), and King's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (2008) were used to collect data. Univariate regression tests and structural equations were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the direct paths by the variables of perfectionism and spiritual intelligence have a direct and significant effect on life expectancy, and also, regarding the indirect path, the effect of perfectionism with the mediation of spiritual intelligence on life expectancy was confirmed. Conclusion: Considering the role of spiritual intelligence on life expectancy, it is necessary to plan in organizations to improve spiritual intelligence and identify and teach the destructive and adverse effects of perfectionism.

Thinking destructively with aesthetics

ABSTRACT The essay explores a hermeneutic reading of nature that expands the Kantian theory of aesthetics beyond the need for beauty to support cognition’s subjective interest. As in Kant’s third Critique, reason’s subjective interest, which refers to how the manifold can be held together by the unity of transcendental apperception, grounds nature's purposiveness in moral intelligence. By improvising on Kant’s aesthetics, as Schelling did in German Idealism, we can imagine the subject of critical reason embracing a modal possibility of existence that deals with nature's part-whole essence or nature’s original duplicity. The modality creates a subject capable of choosing and justifying a world of its own, but not without the destructive condition that precedes this act, the world's intuitive collapse. Given the contemporary engagements with Kant’s aesthetics, from Simondon, Badiou, Stiegler, Hui, Karatani, and other critical commentators (of Kant), the essay addresses how this modal possibility of existence connects aesthetics to the ethical task of destroying the known world. But to the extent that the world is exhibiting signs of collapse, as we enter a new geological era, the aesthetic sense of locating ‘where nature in this collapse is’ becomes an essential path of thinking and living with ruins.

Investigating Between Social Intelligence and Moral Intelligence to Academic Achievement in Psychology Students

In Indonesia, education is regulated within Law Number 20 of 2003 Chapter 6. This proves that education is significant. Education can guide human life, both individual and social life. One of the things discussed in education is academic achievement. Academic achievement is the result achieved by students, there are at least two factors that influence the increase in academic achievement, namely social intelligence and moral intelligence. This study aimed to determine the relationship between social intelligence and moral intelligence with academic achievement in psychology faculty students. The research subjects totaled 110 students using a purposive random sampling technique. Three measuring instruments are used in this study with details of two variables using a scale and one using documentation. The social intelligence variable is measured based on two aspects with eight indicators from Goleman, the moral intelligence variable is measured based on the four aspects from Lennick &amp; Kiel, and then the academic achievement variable uses the student achievement index (IP) in the form of documentation. Analysis was performed using multiple regression. The results of the hypothesis prove that social intelligence and moral intelligence have a significant relationship with academic achievement, with a value of p = 0.006 (p &lt;0.05), r = 0.319, R2 = 0.102, F = 5.370. Thus, it can be concluded that the variables of social intelligence and moral intelligence together make an effective contribution of 10.2% to increasing academic achievement.