PSS or evaporated MoOx as an anode interfacial layer. More importantly, the solar cells based on the growth of MoOx have a longer term stability than that of solar cells based on PSS. These results demonstrate the aqueous PAD technology provides an alternative strategy not only for the thin films' growth of applied materials but also for the solution processing for the low-cost fabrication of future materials to be applied in the field of solar cells.