Mont Tremblant Research Articles

Canadian Kidney Cancer Forum 2008

In Canada, at least 4500 people are diagnosed with kidney cancer, and 1 in 3 die of the disease. It is the most lethal genitourinary cancer, and its incidence is increasing. Unlike most human cancers, there is considerable knowledge about specific genetic changes in these cancers. Major advances in treatment are being made owing to new systemic targeted therapies as well as less morbid technologies for localized cancers. The first Canadian Kidney Cancer Forum was held Jan. 31–Feb. 2, 2008, in Mont Tremblant, Quebec, to review these developments and identify opportunities for Canadians. The primary meeting objectives were achieved and included: Achievement of consensus among expert professionals and patients on the management of patients with localized, locally advanced and metastatic renal cell carcinoma, as well as the in the areas of pathology and imaging. Over 3 days, a series of sessions were held to address the different stages of disease and issues. In this issue, we present the consensus statements. Key references in each area were provided by experts and were graded using a modified version of the Oxford Levels of Evidence. During the conference, experts in each area presented, followed by an opportunity for questions and discussion. At the end of the forum, overviews were presented, and participants voted on draft statements developed during the sessions. Stimulation of clinical research in kidney cancer including opportunities for national and international collaboration. To achieve this, the formation of a research network was proposed with the suggested name, Kidney Cancer Research Network Canada. Definition of educational needs to improve kidney cancer care in Canada. This included discussing a national kidney cancer database that will be developed. Initiating the development of a cancer control strategy for kidney cancer to ensure all Canadians have equal access to care to attempt to develop a national approach to the management of this cancer. The Forum was endorsed by the Canadian Urological Association, the Canadian Association of Medical Oncologists and the Canadian Association of Radiation Oncologists, and was supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the National Cancer Institute of Canada, the Canadian Cancer Society, the Canadian Partnership Against Cancer, several provincial cancer agencies (Cancer Care Ontario, Cancer Care Manitoba, Cancer Care Nova Scotia, Alberta Cancer Foundation) and the Princess Margaret Hospital Foundation, and industry. These groups had been identified by the steering committee as ones that had demonstrated expertise, interest or experience in clinical or research aspects of kidney cancer. They were joined by a small number of invited participants from Europe and the United States to bring an international perspective to the process. Dr. George Browman, representing the Canadian Partnership Against Cancer, contributed expertise in the development and use of guidelines for cancer care. Overall, the participants believe that the forum will have a significant impact on the care of Canadians afflicted with kidney cancer. Given the enormous success of this first meeting, planning for a second meeting in 2009 has commenced.

Tweaking the Lion's Tail: Edgar J. Tarr, the Canadian Institute of International Affairs, and the British Empire, 1931–1950

In its first 2 decades the Canadian Institute of International Affairs (CIIA), Canada's premier foreign policy think tank, never functioned merely as a neutral and apolitical research organization. Under the leadership of Edgar Tarr, president of the Monarch Life Assurance Company, and in its capacity as the Canadian Council of the transnational Institute of Pacific Relations (IPR), in the 1930s and 1940s the CIIA became an instrument that championed Canadian national autonomy and sought to expand Canada's international role, while challenging British imperialism, racism, and Anglo–Saxon dominance. Prominent Canadian diplomats and other officials were complicit in this enterprise, which reached its apogee at the IPR conference held at Mont Tremblant, Quebec, in December 1942. The CIIA's activities during this period revealed the porosity and imprecision of the boundaries in Canada between the state and non-state realms. Throughout World War II, DEA and other Canadian government representatives attended CIIA and IPR conferences as “official non-officials,” effectively cooperating with private individuals in a network of purportedly non-governmental organizations that enabled Canada to exert leverage on the British government, reject British leadership, align itself with the United States, and secure a greater world role. CIIA leaders and Canadian officials also consciously encouraged nationalist forces in India, China, and Southeast Asia that sought to reject colonial rule and Western dominance. CIIA activities thus became part of a web of diplomatic interactions across a transnational network of think tanks within and outside the British Empire that had their own impact upon international affairs.

Volatile organic compounds in snow in the Quebec‐Windsor Corridor

Volatile organic compounds (VOC) were determined in snow to investigate the role of the snowpack as an exchange medium for atmospherically active compounds of anthropogenic and biogenic origin. The major question was which VOC species occur in snow and how the species identity and selected concentrations are related to the sampling area and environmental conditions. Samples were collected using a standardized sampling protocol in two distinct areas in six locations (near Mont‐Saint‐Hilaire, 45°33′06″N, 73°03′03″W (semirural) and Mont Tremblant, 46°20′11″N, 74°30′36″W (rural) in the heavily populated Quebec‐Windsor Corridor, Canada, with different characteristics regarding location and proximity to urban centers. A solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) procedure was employed for analysis, and VOC were identified using a gas chromatography method with mass spectrometric detection (GC/MS). Results revealed a broad spectrum of VOC in snow samples, including ethers, aldehydes, and aromatic and halogenated compounds, all of them active precursors for atmospheric reactions. Quantification was carried out for 11 aromatic and/or oxygenated compounds. Concentrations were found to be between 1.0 ± 0.2 ng/L (ethylbenzene) and 2.67 ± 0.06 μg/L (acetophenone), and limits of detection varied between 0.30 ng/L (benzene) and 78.2 ng/L (benzaldehyde). Principal component analysis was carried out to assess similarities between the sampling locations based on the types of species identified and concentration profiles. We discuss the implication of our results for atmosphere‐snowpack interactions of VOC including back trajectory calculations for the sampling dates.

Chondrodysplasia punctata associated with maternal autoimmune diseases: Expanding the spectrum from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) and scleroderma report of eight cases

Chondrodysplasia punctata (CDP) is etiologically a heterogeneous condition and has been associated with single gene disorders, chromosome abnormalities and teratogenic exposures. The first publication of the association between CDP and maternal autoimmune connective tissue disorder was by Curry et al. 1993]. Chondrodysplasia punctata associated with maternal collagen vascular disease. A new etiology? Presented at the David W. Smith Workshop on Morphogenesis and Malformations, Mont Tremblant, Quebec, August 1993] and subsequently, other cases have been reported. We report on eight cases of maternal collagen vascular disease associated with fetal CDP and included the cases reported by Curry et al. 1993. Chondrodysplasia punctata associated with maternal collagen vascular disease. A new etiology? Presented at the David W. Smith Workshop on Morphogenesis and Malformations, Mont Tremblant, Quebec, August 1993] and Costa et al. [1993]. Maternal systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) and chondrodysplasia punctata in two infants. Coincidence or association? 1st Meeting of Bone Dysplasia Society, Chicago, June 1993] which were reported in an abstract form. We suggest that maternal autoimmune diseases should be part of the differential diagnosis and investigation in newborns/fetuses with CDP. Thus, in addition to cardiac evaluation, fetuses/newborn to mothers with autoimmune diseases should have fetal ultrasound/newborn examination and if indicated, X-rays, looking for absent/hypoplastic nasal bone, brachydactyly, shortened long bones and epiphyseal stippling.

La géomorphologie glaciaire de la région du mont Tremblant. Deuxième partie : La région de Saint-Faustin – Saint-Jovite

Glacial tongues, reaching down from the north by way of the valleys on both sides of Mont Tremblant, have spread out in coalescent-lobes in the St. Faustin - St. Jovite bowl and have built up two terminal moraines at Sommet. On and around the site of the Provincial Fish Hatchery at St. Faustin, at least five ice-dammed lakes have been formed between the face of the receding glacier and the natural slope of the ground. The formation of other ice-dammed lakes preceded the establishment of the Rivière Boulé (which had its mouth first at Morrison, then at David sawmill, before settling into its present bed) while the glacial tongue was receding, by phases, from the valley of the Ruisseau des Français. The intermount glacier then caused the retention of two large areas of lake water, in which the plain of St. Jovite was formed before these waters receded as far as Lac à l’Équerre, where the melting of the ice provided a relief of fluvioglacial deposits. Finally, the Champlain Sea was able to stretch out a long arm though the valley of the Rivière Rouge and flood the lower valley of the Rivière du Diable where varved clay and sand have been deposited.

Snowblading injuries in Eastern Canada

Objectives: To evaluate injury patterns of snowbladers and compare them with those of skiers and snowboarders. To determine possible effects of helmet use in these sports on injury to the...

Poster Session

S: Abstracts from the 2002 Annual Symposium of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine: Mont Tremblant Québec Canada March 20–23 2002

Introduction: federalism in an era of globalisation

Under the pressure of globalization we appear to be in the midst of a paradigm shift from a world of nation‐states to one in which federalism provides the closest political approximation to the complex diversity of the contemporaryworld. In this context the Forum of Federations, as its first major activity, held an international conference at Mont Tremblant, Quebec, 5‐8 October 1999, on ‘Federalism in an Era of Globalization’. The articles in this issue of the International Social Science Journal are drawn from among the many presentations and back‐ground papers at that conference, and provide an insight into a range of salient issues within contemporary federations.

High elevation fog and precipitation chemistry in southern Quebec, Canada

Results of the seasonal analysis of the Chemistry of High Elevation Fog (CHEF) project data for the years 1985–1991 are presented. The mountain sites are located in southern Quebec, Canada, and range in altitude from 250 to 970 m. Fog, precipitation, and mixed fog and precipitation chemistry data are given for major inorganic ions for all seasons of the year. This paper documents the occurrence of highly acidic fog events; it points out the potential importance of high elevation fog as a major pathway for acidic wet deposition in southern Quebec; and it provides results paralleling those from the American Mountain Cloud Chemistry Project (MCCP), thus supporting the relevance of investigations of high elevation fog to at least latitude 47°N. Data are from 8034 analyses of event-length samples, of which 1140 are mountain fog samples collected as duplicate pairs, making this one of the largest fog/cloud water databases available. The 1985–1991 fog sample mean pH at Roundtop was 3.90 and at Mont Tremblant 3.72. The mean fog pH for all sites and seasons was 3.79. The minimum fog pH was 2.80 and the maximum 7.20. The mean precipitation pH on Roundtop was 4.22 and at Mont Tremblant 4.19. Mixed sample pH values are intermediate between fog and precipitation. There is a small tendency (< 0.1 pH units) for both rain and snow to be more acidic at low elevations, with snow having a higher pH range. The more northerly Mont Tremblant site had higher ion concentrations and higher acidity than did the Roundtop Mountain site. The dominant anion was SO 4 2− followed by NO 3 −. The dominant cation was NH 4 +. The NO 3 − SO 4 2− equivalents ratio showed a strong wintertime peak from year to year with values sometimes exceeding 1.0. Over the 6 yr data set, the average concentrations of the major ions in the mixed and precipitation samples showed small decreases with time in all seasons. In contrast, the average and median wintertime H +, SO 4 2− and NO 3 − concentrations, in the high elevation fog samples, increased. The results show that the mountain areas of southern Quebec have a potential for total wet deposition that is distinct from low elevation sites in the region.

Dynamical disease: Identification, temporal aspects and treatment strategies of human illness

Dynamical diseases are characterized by sudden changes in the qualitative dynamics of physiological processes, leading to abnormal dynamics and disease. Thus, there is a natural matching between the mathematical field of nonlinear dynamics and medicine. This paper summarizes advances in the study of dynamical disease with emphasis on a NATO Advanced Research Worshop held in Mont Tremblant, Quebec, Canada in February 1994. We describe the international effort currently underway to identify dynamical diseases and to study these diseases from a perspective of nonlinear dynamics. Linear and nonlinear time series analysis combined with analysis of bifurcations in dynamics are being used to help understand mechanisms of pathological rhythms and offer the promise for better diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. (c) 1995 American Institute of Physics.

International association for mathematical geology 1994 annual meeting — October 3–5, 1994 : Mont Tremblant, Québec, Canada

International association for mathematical geology 1994 annual meeting — October 3–5, 1994 : Mont Tremblant, Québec, Canada

Canadian rotifers II. Parc Mont Tremblant, Quebec

Nine lakes in Mont Tremblant Provincial Park were investigated during summer and fall. Data on lake morphometry and water chemistry are tabulated. Most lakes were oligotrophic, some were dystrophic bog lakes. They contain a rich rotifer fauna and some very rare species, which are described in detail.

Dynamic Structure of Nuclear States

D J Rowe et al London: Oxford University Press 1972 pp xiv + 585 price £10 In recent years, Canadian nuclear physicists have developed an enviable series of summer schools which provide young research workers with an opportunity to study particular aspects of the subject in depth and to meet leading experts in these fields. The 1971 summer school was held at Mont Tremblant in Quebec and was concerned with the dynamic structure of nuclear states.

The Nature and Origin of the Granulites of Mont Tremblant Park, Quebec

The Mont Tremblant Park granulites can be divided into two main groups: pink, quartzofeld-spathic rocks and green-gray hypersthenic rocks. The quartzofeldspathic granulites are interlayered with garnet-sillimanite gneisses and locally occur as cores of folds or large massifs. More commonly, they are regionally interbanded with the hypersthene granulites. All the granulites are intruded by the quartz mangerites of the Morin anorthosite suite. Geochemical considerations based on ternary variation diagrams and relationships in the albite-orthoclase-anorthite system show that the two groups of granulites have different compositional trends, converging at the extreme granitic end. Mineralogical and geochemical data are consistent with granulite facies conditions of metamorphism. The composition of the granulites and their field relationships are consistent with their postulated derivation from a graywacke-shale geosynclinal sequence. Under granulite facies conditions, partial anatexis formed granitic melts. This anatectic differentiation caused the graywackes to attain a composition appropriate to form hypersthenic rocks and the shales to produce quartzofeldspathic rocks with residual sillimanite-garnet layers. These rocks were deformed during the intrusion of the anorthosite suite, and the characteristic fabrics of the granulites were produced. Volatiles given off by late-stage granite magmas caused retrograde effects at contacts.

Retrograde contact meta-morphism in the granulite facies terrain of Mont Tremblant Park, Quebec, Canada

SUMMARYThe Pre-Cambrian rocks of the Grenville province of south-west Quebec in the Mont Tremblant Park area consists of granulites and associated gneisses formed under granulite facies conditions which are intruded by members of an anorthosite suite. At the contacts of these intrusives especially the late-stage members, the granulites and gneisses were found to be retrograded into rocks with mineral assemblages typical of the amphibolite facies. The transformation of the granulite facies rocks into rocks of lower amphibolite grade can be attributed to local introduction of water which was supplied during the emplacement and crystallization of this late-stage, volatile-enriched magma of the anorthosite suite.

The fabric of the granulites of Mont Tremblant Park, Quebec

The fabric of the highly deformed and recrystallized gneisses formed under granulite facies conditions of metamorphism are described from Mont Tremblant Park, Quebec, Canada. These gneisses are termed granulites and are classified into quartzofeldspathic and hypersthene varieties.The term 'cataclastic-gneissose' fabrics is used to imply varying degrees of deformation and recrystallization without micro-brecciation or cataclasis 'sensu stricto' and a classification of these various fabrics is presented. The modifications in these granulites are progressive and are assumed to have the following sequence:[Formula: see text]During the evolution from mortar to granoblastic types, the minerals become flattened and increasingly elongated, while the individual recrystallized grains increase in size. The same deformation produced flaser and granoblastic gneisses in the quartzofeldspathic granulites and mortar and augen gneisses in the hypersthene granulites.The mineral relicts (porphyroclasts) in the mortar and augen gneisses are highly deformed and display evidence of strain, such as undulatory extinction, deformation bands, polygonization, mechanical twins, and bent cleavages. These mortar and augen gneisses display a poor preferred orientation of quartz c axis.In the recrystallized rocks the grains form a clear, fresh, unstrained polygonal mosaic and in the case of quartz, long leaf-like uniform plates are produced. In the flaser and especially the granoblastic gneisses no signs of strain remain and the recrystallized fabric consists of quartz plates alternating on a micro-scale with bands of polygonal fresh feldspar and granular streaks of dark minerals. A petrofabric diagram from a granoblastic gneiss shows a marked preferred orientation of quartz c axis.A review of the relevant literature on the natural and experimental investigations strongly supports the hypothesis that the fabrics of the granulites are produced as a result of the progressive deformation and recrystallization of the mineral constituents.

Reflections on Biologic Research.

In preparation for the celebration of Hans Selye's 60th birthday at Mont Tremblant, Quebec, a number of Dr. Selye's personal friends and scientists were asked to compile... a few autobiographic notes expressing their views on the philosophy and psychology of research. Some 30 persons, including nine Nobel prize laureates, did so and this book comprises their contributions. It includes remarkably good photographs of the various authors and, as one of its most valuable features, brief but interesting and informative summaries of their careers, writings, and honors. Those who answered the call are Wolfgang Bargmann, Charles H. Best, William B. Castle, Ignacio Chavez, Henrik Dam, Rene J. Dubos, Christian de Duve, Ulf S. von Euler, Humberto Fernandez-Moran, Werner Forssmann, Michael Heidelberger, Corneille J. F. Heymans, Bernardo A. Houssay, Charles B. Huggins, Dwight J. Ingle, Herbert H. Jasper, Carlos Jimenez-Diaz, Sir Hans Adolf Krebs, Henri Laborit, Elmer V. McCollum, Irvine H. Page,

Canadian Agricultural Chemicals Association

The 11th annual meeting of the Canadian Agricultural Chemicals Association will be held at Mont Tremblant Lodge, Mont Tremblant, Quebec, on September 8–11, 1963. General Secretary, C.A.C.A., 3405 Cote des Neiges Road, Montreal 25, Quebec.

CHROMOSOME NUMBERS IN SOME MOSSES FROM QUEBEC

The results of chromosome studies of five species of mosses from the Mont Tremblant area of Quebec are presented. The chromosome numbers of two species, Plagiothecium roeseanum (Hampe) B.S.G., with the number n = 20, and Polytrichum ohioense Ren. &amp; Card., with the number n = 14, are reported for the first time. Both species are established tetraploids with no evidence of chromosome irregularities in meiosis. Chromosome numbers reported for the other three species are as follows: Dicranum rugosum (Hoffm.) Brid., n = 12; Dicranum scoparium Hedw., n = 12; and Plagiothecium denticulatum Hedw., n = 20. The population of D. rugosum that was studied did not possess small precociously separating bivalents as have been reported for European populations. The close resemblance of the chromosome complements of P. denticulatum and P. roeseanum is in line with the close taxonomic relationship between the two species. Cytotaxonomic implications are discussed under each species.

The Bryological Foray of the Ninth International Botanical Congress

On August 15, 1959, 24 bryologists from six nations (fig. 9 and 10) met in Montreal for transportation by automobile to the Mont Tremblant region of the Laurentian Mountains some 80 miles north of the city. Headquarters for the foray was located at the Pines Hotel on Lac Maskinonge a few miles from St. Jovite, Quebec. Arriving in late afternoon, the participants had an opportunity to get settled before a leisurely dinner and an informal evening of gossip on the lawn. The first excursion was made to the valley of a cascading brook near Mont Tremblant Lodge (fig. 2). The vegetation, typical of much of southeastern Canada, consisted of second growth sugar maple and yellow birch, and the bryophytes were mostly common and widespread species of the deciduous forests of eastern North America. Particularly abundant mosses were Dicranum scoparium, Thuidium delicatulum, Pohlia nutans, Hypnum reptile, H. curvifoliurn, Leucobryumn glatucum, Brotherella recurvans, Heterophyllium haldanianum, and Tetraphis pellucida, to name but a few, and such hepatics as Bazzania trilobata, Barbilophozia barbata, Ptilidium pulcherrimum, Jamesoniella autumnalis, Pellia epiphylla, and Lophocolea heterophylla were exceedingly common. On welldrained slopes Polytrichum commune and Pleurozium schreberi grew in loose association with Lycopodium clavatum and various reindeer mosses. A few plants of Buxbaumia aphylla were found scattered among lichens on a dry slope. On cliffs and steep banks along the stream were Diphysciumn foliosum, Isopterygium muellerianum, Rhabdoweisia denticulata, Pterygynandrum filiforme, Leskea nervosa, Pogonatum alpinum, Scapania nemorosa, and Tritomaria exsectiformis. Grimmia alpicola var. rivularis, Blindia acuta, Andreaea rupestris, Hygrohypnum eugyrium, and H. ochraceum were