Monomeric Compounds Research Articles

Silver-based monomer and coordination polymer with organic thiocyanate ligand: Structural, computational and antiproliferative activity study

The first complexes of 2-pyridylthiocyanate (L) and silver nitrate (1) and perchlorate (2) were prepared and characterized by a single crystal X-ray analysis. The common structural motif of both 1 and 2 is coordination of two L molecules via pyridine nitrogen atom to Ag(I). In order to properly describe the nature of coordinative bonds in 1 and 2, as well as crystal packings in respective structures, a Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecule topological analysis was performed. Coordinated nitrate ion provides more electron density to Ag(I) in comparison to perchlorate ion. Additional electron density in the case of 2 was provided by the coordination of third L molecule via thiocyanate nitrogen atom resulting in a 1D polymeric structure. Detailed computational analysis of intermolecular interactions, as well analysis of interactions between pyridine ring and –SCN group was performed. Antiproliferative activity of monomeric compound 1 was found to be better than of cisplatin on three out of four studied human cancer cell lines. Docking studies indicate intercalation as a major binding mode of 1 to DNA, while human serum albumin was revealed as possible carrier for distribution of 1 in the blood stream.

Metabolic pathways of degradation of malvidin-3-O-monoglucoside by Candida oleophila

This work proposes an initial approach to the biodegradation pathway of coloured monomeric compounds found in wine, specifically malvidin-3-O-monoglucoside (Mv3G) using a Candida oleophila isolate, and the identification of the resulting degradation products. Three different concentrations of Mv3G were tested (1.0, 0.5 and 0.25 g/L) as single carbon and energy source for the growth of yeasts in the biodegradation assay throughout 14 days with samples being taken at different stages (0, 7 and 14 days). The results showed that the yeast was responsible for the decrease of about 30% of the initial concentration of Mv3G for the highest concentrations tested (1.0 g/L, 0.5 g/L), and about 11% in the lowest concentration (0.25 g/L). The main metabolite identified by HPLC-DAD-MS was syringic acid. Moreover, enzymatic assays have showed the activity of catechol-2,3-dioxygenase, which is compatible with a meta-ring cleavage of the phenolic compound's resultant from the biodegradation process. A wild isolate of the species Candida oleophila was used as biological model, to ascertain if coloured compounds found in wine follow the same metabolic pathway of degradation as benzene derivatives.

Characterization and Solution Properties of Quaternary-Ammonium-Salt-Type Amphiphilic Gemini Ionic Liquids

Quaternary-ammonium-salt-type amphiphilic gemini compounds (Cm-2-Cn X, where m and n represent the alkyl chain lengths; m = 4, 6, 8, 10; n = 2, 4, 6, 8, 10; m ≥ n; and X indicates the counterion BF4, PF6, OTf, FSA, or NTf2) were synthesized by the quaternization of N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine and n-alkyl bromide and a subsequent ion-exchange reaction with five different counterions. For comparison, the corresponding monomeric compounds (Cn X, n = 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) were also synthesized. The melting points of the compounds were evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry, and those with melting points lower than 100 °C were treated as ionic liquids during the subsequent measurements. The amphiphilic gemini compounds exhibited the lowest melting points (44–49 °C) when bulky NTf2– was the counterion and the degree of dissymmetry between the two alkyl chains was 0.4 < n/m < 0.75. However, their melting points were not similar to those of the monomeric compounds with NTf2– and n = 4–10 (<29 °C). The gemini ionic liquids exhibited significantly lower conductivities and higher viscosities than those of the corresponding monomeric ionic liquids. This is because of the decrease in the mobility of the cation molecules caused by the gemini structure, in which the two monomeric compounds are connected by a spacer. The gemini ionic liquids also showed higher densities than those of the corresponding monomeric ionic liquids, owing to the dimer of the gemini structure. Further, the gemini ionic liquids were adsorbed readily at the air/water interface and oriented themselves but did not show the critical micelle concentration for the concentration range over which they could be dissolved in water. The amphiphilic monomeric and gemini ionic liquids also tended to form ion pairs in aqueous solutions, as the length of their alkyl chain was relatively short.

Astragaloside IV alleviates the symptoms of experimental ulcerative colitis in vitro and in vivo.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory intestinal disease. Although the morbidity of UC has increased notably in recent years, effective therapeutic treatment remains unsatisfactory. Astragaloside IV (ASI), a monomeric compound isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine herb Ligusticum chuanxiong, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of ASI on experimental UC in vitro and in vivo. Cell proliferation was detected via a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay in vitro. In addition, the concentrations of the inflammatory factors myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nitric oxide (NO) in the colon tissues were determined by ELISA. Western blot analysis was used to examine phosphorylated transcription factor p65 (p-p65), p-inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB), claudin-1 and tight junction protein ZO-1 (ZO-1) protein levels in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The results indicated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly increased the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in CCD-18Co cells, which was markedly ameliorated by ASI. In addition to the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines, ASI decreased the levels of p-p65 and p-IκB proteins. In addition, ASI decreased the disease activity index scores, and increased colon lengths in dextran sulfate sodium-induced UC mice. ASI also decreased the levels of the pro-inflammatory factors MPO, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NO, and upregulated the expression of claudin-1 and ZO-1 in colon tissues. Therefore, ASI was effective in ameliorating experimental UC in vitro and in vivo via the inhibition of inflammatory molecules, and the downregulation of NF-κB signaling. In conclusion, ASI may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of UC.

Aromaticity Suppression by Intermolecular Coordination. Optical Spectra and Electronic Structure of Heavy Carbene Analogues with an Amidophenolate Backbone

Experimental optical (UV–vis, Raman) and computational magnetic (NICS, GIMIC) criteria were used to study the aromaticity of group 14 N,O-heterocyclic carbenes tBuAPE (AP = amidophenolate, E = Ge, Sn, Pb). The UV–vis and Raman spectra of the monomeric compound with E = Ge were shown to differ significantly from those of dimeric compounds with E = Sn, Pb. The reason for these phenomena is suppression in the dimeric molecules of 10 π-electron aromaticity due to partial filling of the vacant pz orbital of the EII atom caused by intermolecular coordination N→EII. The monomeric forms of all molecules studied are aromatic according to all the criteria used.

Improved Semipure Artificial Diet for Ectropis obliqua (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)

An improved artificial diet for Ectropis obliqua Prout (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) is described. Mean growth parameters of insects fed the diet demonstrated a higher level of pupation, a greater pupal weight, and a higher level of emergence from pupation as compared to those fed a commonly used general purpose diet. The feeding effect is similar to a diet containing tea powder. This improved artificial diet is suitable for E. obliqua used in research and allows for the addition of any monomeric compounds to assess impacts on E. obliqua growth or other parameters.

Echingridimer A, an Oxaspiro Dimeric Sesquiterpenoid with a 6/6/5/6/6 Fused Ring System from Echinops grijsii and Aphicidal Activity Evaluation.

A new dimeric eudesmane sesquiterpenoid with an unreported 6/6/5/6/6 fused carbon skeleton, echingridimer A (1), and five monomers (2-6), including two new compounds (2 and 3), were isolated from the roots of Echinops grijsii. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and confirmed by X-ray crystallography or electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compound 1 represents the first example of a 3,15'-linked Michael-type adduct of two eudesmanes, which feature a unique 1-oxaspiro[4.5]decan moiety. The plausible biogenetic pathway for 1-6 was briefly discussed. The oxaspiro dimer (1) not only showed stronger aphicidal activity than closely related monomeric compounds (2-6) and the commercial aphicide pymetrozine but also exhibited remarkable insecticide activity against a broad range of aphids, thus could be used as a potential biobased insecticide to suppress aphids.

Structure and dynamics of short-chain polymerized ionic liquids.

Combining experimental results obtained with X-ray scattering and field-gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and an assessment of new and previous dielectric and rheology data, our study focuses on the molecular weight (Mw) evolution of local structure and dynamics in a homologous series of covalently bonded ionic liquids. Performed on a family of electrolytes with a tailored degree of ionic decoupling, this study reveals the differences between monomeric and oligomeric melts with respect to their structural organization, mass and charge transport, and molecular diffusion. Our study demonstrates that for the monomeric compound, the broadband conductivity and mechanical spectra reflect the same underlying distribution of activation barriers and that the Random Barrier Model describes fairly well both the ionic and structural relaxation processes in these materials. Moreover, the oligomers with chains comprising ten segments only exhibit both structural and dynamical fingerprints of a genuine polymer. A comparison of conductivity levels estimated using the self-diffusion coefficients probed via NMR and those probed directly with dielectric spectroscopy reveals the emerging of ion correlations which are affecting the macroscopic charge transport in these materials in a chain-length dependent manner.

Fast pyrolysis of guaiacol to simple phenols: Experiments, theory and kinetic model

This study is focused on both experimental and theoretical analysis of fast pyrolysis of guaiacol, a major pyrolysate and a model monomeric compound of lignin. Fast pyrolysis experiments were performed in an analytical pyrolyzer coupled with gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer in the temperature range of 450–650 °C. Thermodynamics and kinetics of 19 elementary reactions of 17 species were investigated using quantum chemical density functional theory calculations. Reaction pathways for the formation of four major phenols, viz. phenol, catechol, o-hydroxybenzaldehyde and o-cresol, were proposed. The homolytic cleavage of OCH3 bond, with low bond dissociation energy of 57.7 kcal/mol, is shown to be the primary reaction for the generation of free radicals. The generation of o-hydroxyphenyl radical is found to be vital for the formation of phenol and cresol, while o-hydroxybenzyloxy radical is the key intermediate for the formation of o-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Multiple pathways for the formation of catechol were evaluated. A kinetic model was developed using the elementary reactions and their Arrhenius rate parameters. The concentration of the major products at different temperatures obtained from the model reasonably matched the trends in product yields from the experiments.

Anwulignan Improves d-Galactose-Induced Learning and Memory Impairment via Regulating P38 MAPK-Nrf2-HO-1 Pathway in Mice

Schisandra sphenanthera has been used as a Chinese traditional medical herb with its restorative and antioxidant functions for hundreds of years. Anwulignan is a monomeric compound isolated from the total lignans of S. sphenanthera. Our previous study showed that anwulignan has a strong antioxidant activity in vitro. However, it is unclear if anwulignan possesses any function in improving learning and memory. In this study, we examined the effect of anwulignan on the learning and memory impairment induced by d-galactose (d-Gal) in mice. By using Morris water maze and step-through test for the observation of behavioral activities, we found that anwulignan significantly reduced the learning and memory impairment induced by d-Gal. Histological and biochemical analyses exhibited the hippocampal morphological damages as well as decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood and hippocampus in d-Gal-treated mice, whereas anwulignan could reverse the morphological change and reduce the oxidative damages in mice. Furthermore, the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling and expression of nuclear factor [erythroid-derived 2]-like 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) were enhanced in anwulignan-treated mice, suggesting that anwulignan improves the learning and memory impairment induced by d-Gal through its antioxidative activity by activating the p38 MAPK-Nrf2-HO-1 pathway in the hippocampus of mice.

Crystal structure of butane-1,4-diyl bis-(furan-2-carboxyl-ate).

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C14H14O6, a monomeric compound of poly(butyl-ene 2,5-furandi-carboxyl-ate), consists of one half-mol-ecule, the whole all-trans mol-ecule being generated by an inversion centre. In the crystal, the mol-ecules are inter-connected via C-H⋯O inter-actions, forming a mol-ecular sheet parallel to (10). The mol-ecular sheets are further linked by C-H⋯π inter-actions.

Comparative study of solvolysis of technical lignins in flow reactor

The solvolysis of technical lignins was evaluated using water/ethanol solvent mixture with the aim of producing monomeric aromatic compounds in a continuous flow bench reactor. Four lignins issued from various biomasses (softwood, wheat straw) and extracted using different pulping processes (kraft, soda, organosolv) were engaged in the study. Before being converted, these lignins (two kraft, a soda, and an organosolv) were characterized by a multitechnique approach coupling compositional analysis, NMR, IR, GC, and SEC. Data thus obtained allowed us to point out the main differences in terms of structure and chemical composition. Based on its high solubility in water and water/ethanol mixture, alkaline lignin (i.e., from the kraft process) was used to optimize the reaction parameters. Thus, we found out that working at 225 °C under 8 MPa nitrogen using a 1-wt% basic solution of lignin allowed to operate the reactor without difficulties (no foam formation, no char) when a 1/1 water/ethanol mixture was used. Under these conditions, alkaline lignin was converted up to 76%. Other lignins were then evaluated leading to conversions between 46 and 74%. The reaction mixture obtained was fractioned to PM (precipitated matter), OP (organic products), and AP (aqueous phase soluble products) to allow careful analyses of the products. Analytical data obtained showed particularly that the number of β-O-4 linkages in the remaining solid material (PM) decreases significantly (up to − 95%) that correlated with the formation of monomeric organic compounds in OP, however in low amount due to over reactions leading to compounds evolving in the aqueous phase. Generally, whatever the lignin, guaiacol is the main aromatic compound observed under all reaction conditions evaluated.

Solvent dependent formation of Cu(II) complexes based on isonicotinamide ligand

Five solvent-dependent Cu(II) compounds have been synthesized with [Cu(μ-OAc)(μ-Pip)(MeOH)]2 (OAc = acetate; Pip = 1,3-benzodioxolecarboxylate) and isonicotinamide (Isn) as an auxiliary ligand in different solvents. In all the compounds, Pip units are displaced resulting in dimeric [Cu(μ-OAc)(OAc)(Isn)2(solvent)]2 (solvent = MeOH (2a), dmf and H2O (3) or H2O and HPip (4a)), paddle-wheel [Cu(μ-OAc)2(Isn)]2·2dmso (5) or monomeric compounds [Cu(OAc)2(HOAc)(Isn)2]·HOAc (6). All of them have been characterized by analytical and ATR-FTIR techniques and their X-ray crystal structures solved. The OAc anions construct different arrays and exhibit different coordination modes depending on the solvent used. The supramolecular expansion is constantly determined by the amide-amide pattern and the role of the occluded solvent molecules. This tendency is confirmed by Hirshfeld Surface analysis. Finally, the thermal stability of compound 4a has been analyzed.

Use of Imidoxyl Radical Mediators for Electrochemical Oxidation/Depolymerization of Lignin

Lignin is an abundantbiopolymer with aromatic subunits in itsbackbone, and depolymerizationof this polymer could provide a source of valuable aromatic chemicals. The beta-O-4 unit, which features secondary benzylic and primary aliphatic alcohols (Figure 1), is the most prevalent linkage in the structure of lignin, and its cleavage provides high yields of aromatic monomers. The hydroxyl functional groups within this linkage are susceptible to oxidation, and their controlled oxidationprovides the basis for lignin depolymerization.[i]We have shown previously that the benzylic alcohol in lignin undergoes selective oxidation with an aminoxyl/NOxcocatalyst system under aerobic conditions. Subsequent treatment of the oxidized lignin with formic acid affords high yields of aromatic monomers.[ii]This talk will describe a complementary electrochemical method for selective oxidation of the benzylic alcohols in lignin. N-Hydroxyimide derivatives undergo facile proton coupled electron transfer at electrode surfaces to generate an imidoxyl radical that promotes efficient hydrogen atom transfer from the of benzylic hydroxyl groups.[iii]Our advances in the use of electrochemically generated imidoxyl radicals for chemoselective oxidation of hydroxyl groups in the structure of lignin will be presented. Benzylic alcohol oxidation proceeds efficiently to the corresponding ketones using imidoxyl radicals as electrocatalyst in water/acetone as solvent and with acetic acid/acetate as buffer and supporting electrolyte. Treatment of the oxidized lignin with formic acid affords more than 30 wt% of monomeric aromatic compounds. [i]. Li,C.; Zhao,X.; Wang,A.; Huber, G.W.; Zhang T. Chem. Rev. 2015,115, 11559. [ii]. Rahimi, A.; Ulbrich, A.; Coon, J. J.; Stahl S. S.Nature 2014, 515, 249. [iii]. Nutting, J. E.; Rafiee, M. R.; Stahl, S. S. Chem. Rev. 2018, 118, 4834. Figure 1. Imidoxyl catalyzed electrochemical oxidation of lignin followed by formic acid catalyzed depolymerization. Figure 1

Insecticidal Effect of Olive Mill Wastewaters on Potosia opaca (Coleoptera: Scarabeidae) Larva

Olive mill wastewaters (OMW) are an environmental problem in olive oil producing countries such as Morocco. OMW are characterized by an acidic pH, a high electrical conductivity, and a composition rich in water, organic matter, dry matter and phenolic compounds. These effluents are usually dumped directly into the ecosystems without any prior treatment. Therefore, to mitigate the effects of OMW on the environment and to get benefit from its high phenolic content, we opted to use them as bio-insecticides in their crude form. Thus, crude OMW were tested by spray toxicity bioassay against Potosia opaca var. cardui Gyllenhal larva. The results showed that crude OMW were effective against this pest causing a weight loss similar to Cordus insecticide (17% vs. 15%) and mortality almost similar to Kemaban insecticide. In spray toxicity bioassay, the median lethal times (LT50 and LT90) showed that OMW exhibited comparable insecticidal activity (LT50 = 245.39 h, LT90 = 323.86 h) to Kemaban insecticide (0.5 µL/mL, LT50 = 208.01 h and LT90 = 233.91 h). The biocide properties of OMW depend mainly on its phenolic content. Ten phenolic compounds were identified using HPLC analysis, two of them were found to be the major monomeric phenolic compounds in OMW, hydroxytyrosol (0.248 g/L) and tyrosol (0.201 g/L). The obtained results confirm the potential application of OMW to control plant pathogens. The development of sustainable strategies based on the reuse of OMW for pests control in view to reduce the use of chemical and synthetic pesticides, may have considerable economic benefits.

HYDROGENATION OF ABIES WOOD AND ETHANOL-LIGNIN BY MOLECULAR HYDROGEN IN SUPERCRITI-CAL ETHANOL OVER BIFUNCTIONAL RU/C CATALYST

The effect of a bifunctional catalyst containing nano-dispersed ruthenium particles on an oxidized carbon support “Sibunit” on the yield and composition of products in the processes of hydrogenation of abies wood and abies ethanol-lignin in a supercritical ethanol medium at 250° C was studied. The presence of Ru/C catalyst resulted in a raise the ethanol-lignin conversion from 85 to 98 wt.%, the yield of liquid product from 75 to 85 wt.%, the yield of gases – by 1.5 times, but the yield of solid products dropped from 14 to 2.8 wt.%.&#x0D; Ruthenium catalyst increased the conversion of abies wood by 12.5 wt.%, but did not affect the yield of liquid products. The yield of the solid residue in the presence of the catalyst was reduced by 12.5 wt.%, and the yield of gases rose by 2.5 times.&#x0D; Simultaneously, the ruthenium catalyst promoted the process of hydrodeoxygenation of liquid products, diminution their average molecular mass from 1174 g/mol to 827 g/mol and the formation of monomeric and dimeric compounds with a molecular mass 193 and 426 g/mol, respectively. The solid residue of catalytic hydrogenation contained 70.1 wt.% of cellulose. Thus, the application of Ru/C catalyst in the process of hydrogenation of abies wood allowed the reductive fractionation of wood biomass into a solid cellulose product, liquid and gaseous products from lignin and hemicelluloses.

Effects of Epigallocatechin Gallate on the Stability of Epicatechin in a Photolytic Process.

Catechins belonging to polyhydroxylated polyphenols are the primary compounds found in green tea. They are associated with many physiological properties. Epicatechin (EC) is a non-gallate-type catechin with four phenolic hydroxyl groups attached. The changes in EC treated with color light illumination in an alkaline condition were investigated by chromatographic and mass analyses in this study. In particular, the superoxide anion radical (O2•−) was investigated during the EC photolytic process. EC is unstable under blue light illumination in an alkaline solution. When EC was treated with blue light illumination in an alkaline solution, O2•− was found to occur via a photosensitive redox reaction. In addition, the generation of monomeric, dimeric, and trimeric compounds is investigated. On the other hand, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which is a gallate-type catechin, is stable under blue light illumination in an alkaline solution. Adding EGCG, during the blue light illumination treatment of EC decreased photolytic formation, suggesting that gallate-type catechins can suppress the photosensitive oxidation of EC. Gallate-type catechins are formed via the esterification of non-gallate-type catechins and gallic acid (GA). The carbonyl group on the gallate moiety of gallate-type catechins appears to exhibit its effect on the stability against the photosensitive oxidation caused by blue light illumination.

Harnessing of non-fibrous textile for production of high performance easy-care cotton fabrics

Purpose This study aims to explore the incorporation of starch nanoparticles (SNPs) in cross-linking formulation of cotton fabrics to see their impact on fabric performance like tensile strength, dry wrinkle recovery angles, elongation at break, degree of whiteness and increase in weight as well as durability. Design/methodology/approach SNPs of size around 80-100 nm were successfully prepared from native maize starch by Nano precipitation technique and confirmed instrumentally by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmittance electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transformer infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and particle size analyzer. The latter were incorporated in cross-linking formulation of cotton fabrics encompassing different concentrations of citric acid and sodium hypophosphite at different curing time and temperature in 100 ml distilled water to a wet pickup of ca. 85 per cent. The fabric samples were dried for 3 min at 85°C and cured at specified temperatures for a specified time intervals in thermo fixing oven according to pad-dry-cure method. Findings FTIR spectra and SEM micrograph signified the chemical structure and surface morphology of cotton fabric before and after finishing in absence and presence of SNPs. Cotton fabric samples finished in presence of SNPs showed a higher tensile strength, elongation at break, comparable dry wrinkle recovery angles and degree of whiteness than that finished in their absence. On the other hand, the enhancement in the aforementioned performance reflects the positive impact of incorporation of SNPs in textile finishing especially with strength properties; which are one of the important requirements for industrial fabrics that can be used widely in heavy-duty applications. Research limitations/implications SNPs with its booming effect with respect to biodegradability, reactivity and higher surface area can be used as a novel reinforcement permanent finish for cotton fabrics instead of more hazardous materials likes poly acrylate and monomeric compounds. Practical implications As SNPs biopolymers is one of the important reinforcement agents, so it was expected that it would minimize the great loss in strength properties during easy-care cotton finishing and improve the fabric performance. Originality/value The novelty addressed here is undertaken with a view to remediate some of the serious defects of easy-care cotton fabrics using poly carboxylic acids; especially with the great loss in strength properties by virtue of using SNPs as a permanent finish. Besides, to the authors’ knowledge, there is no published work so far concerning the use of SNPs as an innovative base for production of easy-care finished cotton textiles with high performance.

Extraction of anthocyanins from Syrah grape (Vitis Vinifera L.) pomace using pressurized liquids assisted by ultrasound

Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) is a clean technology able to extract valuable compounds from plant matrices that, when combined with ultrasound, appears as an appropriate technique to reduce the extraction time. In this context, the objective of this work was to obtain extracts with high concentrations of anthocyanins from grape residue using PLE assisted by ultrasound. In the PLE assisted by ultrasound, ultrasonic powers of 240, 400 and 520 W were evaluated. The power of 240 W produced extracts with higher content of monomeric anthocyanins, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity.

Study on the identification of Pinelliae rhizoma and Pinelliae pedatisectae rhizoma based on the characteristic component triglochinic acid.

For the first time, a monomeric compound, triglochinic acid, has been isolated from the tubers of Pinellia pedatisecta Schott with its structure analyzed using NMR. Its molecular formula is C7H8O6, with the chemical name (2E)-but-2-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid. Through HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS analysis studies, it has concluded that Pinelliae rhizoma does not contain triglochinic acid, while Pinelliae pedatisectae rhizoma does. This key observation was used as a characteristic component to distinguish these two herbs. We analyzed 39 batches of Pinelliae rhizoma collected in herbal medicine market, among which triglochinic acid was detected in 27 batches, resulting in a adulteration ratio of Pinelliae rhizoma reaching 69.2%. Our method demonstrates great potential for authenticating the products, thus ensuring the quality of Pinelliae rhizoma.