Mono Nanofluid Research Articles

Numerical computation and prediction analysis on multilayer flow through porous medium saturated with mono nanofluid

Many scientific and technological disciplines in the specialization of chemical and petroleum sectors are related to multilayer fluid flow systems. In light of this perspective, the current article focuses on the steady, laminar flow of mono nanofluid saturated with porous media sandwiched between a viscous fluid filled in a vertical channel to develop a new model. The main subject of this scientifical research is to explore the prediction analysis through machine learning algorithm for the physical quantities across the entire region of the proposed fluid. This present physical phenomenon is witnessed in the mathematical form of nonlinear PDEs through the conservation principles and Darcy’s law. The system of governing PDEs are nondimensionalized by treating the suitable fundamental variables to facilitate the simulation process. After that, the dimension-free form of momentum and temperature equations is numerically simulated by utilizing the Wolfram language algorithm. In addition, the comparison analysis is accounted to find the higher heat transfer performance for the particles After ensuring the numerical computation for the specific flow scenarios, an innovative machine learning-based multiple linear regression technique is employed to anticipate the flow and heat transfer rate for the inclusion of Ag nanoparticle. The validation of the present study is highlighted by comparing with the existing literature. The current findings exhibit that the region of single-phase nanosized particles suspended in water affects the momentum and thermal behavior of the clear viscous fluid regions. Silver Ag nanosized particles exhibit better performance in heat transfer than the MgO and Also, the MLR approach offers a new viewpoint on flow control with higher accuracy 99.59% and lower error The outcomes of the suggested techniques enrich the application of the multilayer fluid flow model, specifically fire suppression systems, petroleum sectors, agricultural sprays, and oil recovery.

Unsteady double-diffusive convective flow of an Oldroyd-B hybrid nanofluid in a porous medium with cross-diffusion effects

This research focuses on convection driven by a thermal gradient and a concentration gradient in an Oldroyd-B hybrid nanofluid saturated by a highly permeable layer with cross-diffusion effects. The Buongiorno model is implemented with the diversity of thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion. Using linear stability theory, an analytical expression for thermal Rayleigh number is obtained at the onset of binary liquid convection. For the nonlinear analysis, the governing PDEs are altered into ODEs by making use of similarity transformations. The rate of heat and mass transfer are calculated with the help of the built-in function NDSolve in computational tool MATHEMATICA 12.0. The numerical results are offered for the base fluid as ethylene glycol with hybrid copper and silver nanoparticles. The graphical illustrations are described to understand the impact of all the emerging parameters on the onset of convective phenomenon. Hybrid nanofluid is found to be more stable in comparison with single particle nanofluid. As far as technological applications are concerned, mono nanofluid could be replaced by hybrid nanofluid and this can be stated as a novelty of the article. We have observed that the heat and mass transfer profile is boosted up for increasing viscoelastic parameters i.e. stress relaxation and strain retardation parameters, solutal Rayleigh number and Prandtl number. In addition, the heat transfer displays an increasing nature toward the higher amounts of nanoparticle volume fraction.

Irreversibility and thermal performance of nonlinear radiative cross-ternary hybrid nanofluid flow about a stretching cylinder with industrial applications

SignificanceThe suspension of nanoparticles in the base fluid has significant attention from researchers and industries with an aspect of improving the thermo-physical properties of the fluid. The significance is more prominent for ternary hybrid nanofluids by improving energy production, storage and efficiency, and play a huge role in global sustainable energy development and cleaner energy production. AimThe aim of the present problem is to analyze the flow and thermal behavior of a cross-ternary SWCNT, MWCNT, and GO nanoparticles composite water-based ternary hybrid nanofluid past a stretched cylinder. Thermal expansion phenomena feature joule heating and non-linear thermal radiation under convective conditions. Research methodologyTransformed nonlinear equations are solved numerically by the homotopy analysis method. The flow feature with the physical interest quantities such as skin friction and Nusselt number has been displayed through graphs and tables. Further, the optimized entropy of the system with the Bejan number has been discussed and displayed through graphs and tables. A comparison was made with the existing literature. Each graph features a comparison of ternary hybrid, hybrid, and mono nanofluid with other significant physical parameters. Major conclusionEntropy generation is observed to nonlinearly slow down with improvements in the Brinkman and radiation parameters, while a reverse procedure develops for the Bejan number with the above parameters. An improvement in Weissenberg and curvature parameters accelerates the fluid velocity and heat transfer rate, while fluid motion is controlled by an increase in magnetic field strength. Outcomes may help to understand the performance of the ternary hybrid nanofluids applications in different industries under certain circumstances.

Performance analysis of a novel direct absorption parabolic trough solar collector with combined absorption using MCRT and FVM coupled method

Direct absorption parabolic trough solar collector (DAPTSC) using nanofluid absorber has been demonstrated as an efficient technology for exploiting solar energy at high temperature. However, most mono nanofluids are unable to achieve broadband absorption and hybrid nanofluids are unstable at high temperature. In this work, the mono nanofluid and optical glass combined absorption is proposed for the DAPTSC. In which the absorption glass (HB850) and an outer glass tubes form an annular space for indium-tin-oxide (ITO)/Therminol VP-1 nanofluid flowing. Monte Carlo Ray-Tracing and Finite Volume Method (MCRT-FVM) coupled model is developed and validated for system investigation. The results show that the novel collector with the combined absorber exhibits obvious enhancement in thermal performance compared to Therminol VP-1 or ITO/Therminol VP-1 nanofluid. The DAPTSC with concentric annular tube (CAT) has a significantly superior thermal performance to that of the single tube collector, with 45.91 % higher achievable temperature gain and 1.15 % more achievable exergy efficiency. Finally, an eccentric annular tube (EAT) is proposed for further improvement. To quantify the performance improvement of the DAPTSC with EAT, a comparison has been made to that of a DAPTSC with CAT. The results indicate that EAT configuration shows 1.96 % enhancement in the exergy efficiency.

A comparative assessment of mono and hybrid magneto nanofluid flow over a stretching cylinder in a permeable medium with generalized Fourier’s law

This study investigates the flow and heat transfer of mono and hybrid nanofluids owing to a stretching cylinder in a porous medium under the influence of a magnetic field and convective boundary condition. The hybrid nanofluid is made up of copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles dispersed in a water-ethylene glycol mixture at a mass ratio of 50:50. The binary mixture of water and ethylene glycol is intermixed with spherical-shaped nanoparticles (copper) to create a mono nanofluid. The study considers the effects of generalized Fourier’s law and heat generation/absorption. The novelty of the study lies in considering the comparison of hybrid and mono nanofluid flows heat transfer efficiency with assumed effects and convective condition at the boundary of the cylinder. A system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) controlling the flow and heat transport are derived using similarity transformations and are solved numerically using the bvp4c program of MATLAB software. The work explores the ways in which different parameters, such as the shape of the nanoparticles and their volume percentage, affect the pertinent profiles and are depicted in the form of graphical illustrations and numerically tabulated values. The results demonstrate that, in comparison to mono nanofluids, hybrid nanofluids including spherical and blade nanoparticles have a higher heat transfer rate and reduced surface drag when the particle volume fraction is increased in a water-ethylene glycol combination. Furthermore, there is a 0.83% increase in the heat transfer rate for hybrid nanofluids in comparison to mono nanofluids. This is because compared to mono nanofluids, hybrid nanofluids have lower viscosity and better heat conductivity. The results obtained in this study are vetted by making a comparison with published works and an excellent agreement between the values is seen. The study may find use in solar thermal systems, electronic cooling, heat exchangers, and other areas.

Effect of Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass flux in Carreau-Yasuda tri-nanofluid

The Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass flux theory extends classic models to provide more accurate predictions in situations with instantaneous heat and mass transfer. Herein, an enhancement of heat and mass transfer in Carreau-Yasuda (CY) tri-nanofluid (TNF) over a stretched surface is modeled and studied via generalized conservation laws subjected to Cattaneo-Christov heat and mass flux theory. Silicon carbide (SiC), Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3), and Silver (Ag) are recruited as active nanoparticles in ethylene glycol (C2H6O2), and hired as CY fluid. Based on Finite Element Method (FEM), the code is created and validated for the formulated problems by comparing the current results to the published benchmarks. The computational findings showed that the thickness of the thermal and diffusion boundary layer decreases by increasing the thermal (δ) and diffusion relaxation (δc) parameters. The numerical analysis showed that CY-TNF exerts the largest shear stress on the wall compared to CY mono nanofluid (NF), and CY hybrid nanofluid (HNF). If CY-TNF has to flow over the specific surface, then adequate surface strength must be ensured. Moreover, comparing enhancement in thermal properties of CY-NF, CY-HNF, and CY-TNF revealed that the CY-TNF performs better than CY-HNF and CY-NF. Owing to the highest heat and mass flux, CY-TNF has an optimized ability to transport heat and mass, thus proving to be an efficient fluid for all processes requiring optimized heat and mass flux.

Thermodynamic analysis of mono and hybrid nanofluid effect on the photovoltaic-thermal system performance: A comparative study

The energy and exergy efficiency of a photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) system at various volume fractions is investigated with mono TiO2 nanofluid and new hybrid TiO2–Fe2O3 nanofluid. Serpentine tubes soldered on an absorbing plate attached to the rear of the PV module have been proposed to evaluate the effect of nanofluids on the PV/T temperature reduction, energy produced, and exergy losses. The study compared energy and exergy with previous studies and delivered an economic analysis to confirm the feasibility of applying nanofluids. The results indicated that using TiO2–Fe2O3 nanofluid reduced the PV cell's temperature by 42.19% compared to water, TiO2 nanofluid, which increased the electrical power by 74.5% and 46.22% when cooling by mono and hybrid nanofluid at 0.3 vol%. The PV/T system's maximum thermal and electrical efficiency recorded with mono and hybrid nanofluids was 34.6%, 8.44%, 47.2%, and 12.62%, respectively. Dispersion of hybrid nanocomposite in DI water has enhanced the Nu number and HTC by 42.72% and 23% higher than mono nanofluid, which improved the exergy efficiency of the PV/T system by 14.89%. A better payback period was achieved with a hybrid nanofluid by 54 days with reduced exergy losses by 45.5% and entropy generation by 86.29%.

Comparative analysis of nanofluid flows in the dilating squeezing porous channel with thermal jump and slip conditions

This study investigates the behavior of the mono and hybrid nanofluid flows in an absorbent dilating/squeezing channel influenced by a magnetic field. The mono nanofluid is molded by inserting iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles into the blood (base fluid) and the targeted hybrid magnetic nanofluid is formed when the Cobalt iron oxide (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles are added into Fe3O4/blood nanofluid mixture. For a permeable channel, the slip boundary along with the thermal jump condition is imposed. The process for heat transfer is examined considering the Cattaneo-Christov heat flux. Throughout the analysis, platelet-shaped nanoparticles are used. The Tiwari and Das (single phase) nanoliquid flow model is adopted here. The ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are accomplished via similarity transformations and are numerically assessed using the bvp4c software. Moreover, the consequences of the resulting pertinent parameters on the streamlines, temperature, and velocity distributions are scrutinized using graphical representations. It is observed that the surface drag on the wall is weaker for the dilating/injection case as compared to the squeezing/suction scenario. Streamlines show how a suitable magnetic field may be used to regulate medicine distribution in the blood flow. An innovative mass-based model comprising mono and hybrid nanofluid flow models is discussed. A comparison of heat transfer between both is undertaken. The results indicate that increasing the magnetic parameter leads to an enhancement in heat transfer rate when the upper and lower walls are dilated with wall injection Conversely, if the upper and lower walls are squeezed with wall suction the heat transfer rate decreases. The novelty lies in the consideration of both types of models and making a comparison of these.

Design and performance evaluation of pulsating heat pipe using metallic nanoparticles based hybrid nanofluids

Pulsating heat pipes (PHP) use two-phase flows to transport heat between evaporators and condensers. The performance of PHP largely depends on the thermal conductivity of the working fluid. The research objective of this study is to investigate PHP performance enhancement with HNF consisting of metallic and metallic oxide nanoparticles and compare the PHP performance with different working fluids. A three-turn PHP made from copper tubing was fabricated and charged with Al2O3-Cu HNF, Al2O3 mono nanofluid, Cu mono nanofluid, and pure water for performance evaluation. A total of ninety-eight (98) experiments were conducted with four working fluids over a range of operating conditions, including nanoparticles weight concentration (0.1 % and 0.2 %), filling ratio (50 % and 60 %) and heat input (30–90 W). Results showed that the Al2O3-Cu HNF achieved 30–54 % lower thermal resistance than water, and 17–43 % lower than the mono nanofluids at the same filling ratio, weight concentration and heat input, which indicates superior heat transfer enhancement. The optimal condition for the PHP filled with Al2O3-Cu HNF examined in this study was achieved at a 60 % filling ratio and a 0.2 % weight concentration of nanoparticles. However, maintaining the stability of Al2O3-Cu HNF poses challenges due to the hydrophobic nature of Cu nanoparticles. Future studies are planned to use molecular dynamics simulation to investigate factors influencing the stability of metallic nanoparticles-based mono and hybrid nanofluids.

Irreversibility and heat transfer analysis in MHD Darcy-Forchheimer flow of Casson hybrid nanofluid flow through cone and wedge

This model investigates the irreversibility and heat transfer assessment of MHD induced Darcy-Forchheimer flow of Casson hybrid nanofluid through cone and wedge regime. A mathematical model is established to describe the flow behavior of the hybrid nanofluid under the effects of significant physical parameters. Numerical simulation of the model has been done through bvp4c solver. A comparative analysis for the velocity field between mono nanofluid (Sodium Alginate based MoS2 nanofluid) and hybrid nanofluid (Sodium Alginate based MoS2-GO nanofluid) have been presented. Another comparative analysis for isotherms for Cone and Wedge regimes is also done. In the results, various key parameters like magnetic field strength, Casson fluid parameter, the Forchheimer parameter, and the Brinkman number are taken into consideration. Findings demonstrate that the magnetic field and Forchheimer term significantly affects the irreversibility and heat transfer behavior of the Casson hybrid nanofluid through the cone and wedge regime.

Central composite design (CCD)-Response surface methodology (RSM) for modeling and simulation of MWCNT-water nanofluid inside hexagonal cavity: Application to electronic cooling

PurposeIn application of hexagonal shapes, engineers and researchers use mathematical modeling, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and experimental techniques to study natural convection inside hexagonal cavities and improve the design and efficiency of engineering systems. The exploration of fluid performance in hexagonal cavity has been an important problem from the earlier in the fluid mechanics field. The present transient study about thermal reaction and behavior of natural convectional MWCNT-water nanofluid flow privileged a hexagonal cavity in the occurrence of magnetic field is scrutinized. The flow domain of hexagonal structure cavity is a partitioned with lower heated cavity wall and inner four blocks are also heated. The upper wall of the cavity is considered insulated. Furthermore the other remaining walls of the hexagonal cavity are cold. ApproachThe two-dimensional steady, incompressible, governing equations which involve continuity, velocity, and temperature equations of mono nanofluid in a dimensionless form are expressed in vertically and horizontal directions respectively. Moreover, transformed the governing equations into their dimensionless system then elucidated numerically with the help of Galerkin Finite Element Method. Furthermore response surface methodology (RSM) has been utilized to obtaining the optimal values of the designed parameters. This combined process was successfully sculpted and optimized utilized a central composite design with response surface methodology. FindingsThe numerical fallouts of the flow controlling parameters scrutinized containing streamlines, velocities components and isotherms are elaborated. The investigation depicts enhanced convection velocity and temperature outcomes for different values of Rayleigh number. The average Nusselt number is drops as Rayleigh number boosts up. It is concluded that the Nusselt number is reduces for Hartmann number. For larger nanoparticles fraction Nusselt number increases. LimitationsThis analysis has particular scope for improvement. In additions, studies can be showed on the improvement of hexagonal cavity walls designs, thickness, and size of the walls of enclosure cavity. Furthermore the heated blocks are involved inside the cavity. Practical applicationThe natural convection flow through hexagonal cavity reveals major importance and those geometrical shapes are playing major role in electronic cooling. In electronics, hexagonal cavities can be found in heat sinks and electronic packages. Natural convection plays a crucial role in dissipating heat from electronic devices, such as microprocessors, power electronics, and LED lighting systems. Nanofluids exhibit potential heat transfer as compared to conventional coolants. With this aim, the current analysis enlightens the natural convection flow of MWCNTs-water nanofluid inside hexagonal cavity and square-shaped blocks. OriginalityThis analysis is original, and no previous investigation has been accompanied considering the enclosure domain of cavity and variation of the walls number.

Entropy analysis of Cu-Al2O3 based hybrid and Cu based mono nanofluid flows through porous medium: A comparative study

The motive of this research article, is to present a comparative study of entropy generation for a system of MHD mixed convection non-Darcy porous medium flow of mono and hybrid nanofluids over a melting surface. Darcy–Forchheimer model for the flow through porous medium is employed to formulate the problem under consideration. The dimensional momentum and heat equations governing the flow are transformed into a non-dimensional ODEs with the help of similarity variables. The similarity solution of the dimensionless differential equation is computed with the MATLAB’s bvp4c package. The influence of various embedded parameters on the flow fields and entropy generation are examined. The study reveals that the entropy generation in Cu−Al2O3 water based hybrid nanofluid is smaller compared to that of Cu-water based mono nanofluid. The findings of the study have bearing in the fields involving oil flow filtration, crude oil production, electronic cooling equipment etc.

Heat transfer analysis of magnetized Cu-Ag-H2O hybrid nanofluid radiative flow over a spinning disk when the exponential heat source and Hall current are substantial: Optimization and sensitivity analysis

The main motive of the instigated mathematical model is to observe the impact of Hall current on the hybrid nanofluid flow over a disk that is rotating. The copper and silver metal nanoparticles have been considered with volume fraction φ1=φ2=0.01(0.01)0.04 and are suspended in water to form the hybrid nanofluid. Diverse characteristics like magnetic field, thermal radiation, and (ESHS) exponential space dependent heat source are incorporated to investigate the nature of the flow. The present mathematical model is initiated with partial derivative equations (PDEs) which are redrafted as ordinary derivative equations (ODEs) with appropriate transformations of similarity. The results are attained through a blend of the Runge-Kutta method, shooting procedure, and the influences of parameters on the flow of nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid are compared and illustrated both as tables and graphs. The present numerical research is unique because by employing a complete quadratic CCD framework using the RSM strategy, the sensitivity and optimization analysis of the heat transmission improvement for the volume fraction, ESHS, and thermal radiation parameters have been performed. The R-squared and adjusted R-Squared are obtained as 100%. The residual graphs and contour diagrams of the same are also shown. The current study establishes that the Hall parameter increases the radial velocity, but it also controls the energy and cross-radial velocity. The rate of heat transmission is increased by thermal radiation even at low levels of ESHS. The rate of heat transmission is more sensitive (0.024670) to the volume fraction of the hybrid nanofluid when ESHS is at an intermediate level. The lowest sensitivity (-1.269967) value towards ESHS is observed For thermal radiation and ESHS parameter values, the heat transmission rate of the mono nanofluid is not as great as that of hybrid nanofluid. The current study finds applications in the generation of hydroelectric power, air cleansing and rotating equipment, healthcare devices, and many other industries.

Gyrotactic microorganism hybrid nanofluid over a Riga plate subject to activation energy and heat source: numerical approach

The current article aims to examine the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) impact on the flow of MgO–Ag/water-based hybrid nanoliquid with motile microorganisms and the fluid is allowed to flow over a Riga plate subject to slip effects and activation energy. Furthermore, the presence of a uniform heat source/sink is also addressed in the energy equation. In addition to this, the thermophoresis effect is highlighted in the concentration equation. From the present proposed model, we get a non-linear system of the governing equations. The obtained system of partial differential equations (PDEs) is converted to the dimensionless system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using the similarity transformation. The obtained high non-linear system of equations has been solved numerically, using the parametric continuation method (PCM). In the present analysis, the main motivation is to highlight the heat transfer rate of MgO–Ag/water-based hybrid nanofluid flow over a Riga plate. The second motivation of the present research is to highlight the impact of slip conditions on the velocity, energy, and mass profiles. From the graphical analysis, it is depicted that the slip conditions reduce the velocity, energy, and mass outlines. From the present analysis, we concluded that volume friction reduced the flow profile while increasing the temperature of the fluid flow over a Riga plate. All the parameters of the present research are highlighted in velocity temperature and concertation of the fluid. In addition to this in all the figures we have compared the hybrid nanofluid with mono nanofluid and the also the comparison between slip and no-slip conditions have carried out through graphs for velocity, temperature, and concentration.

Computational investigation on transport of heat energy by flow of dusty Carreau fluid with nanoparticles using finite element method

Thermal performance of the working fluid depends on its thermal conductivity which can be enhanced by dispersion of nanoparticles. Therfore, the role of the simultaneous suspension of AA7072 and AA7072 and AA7072/AA7075 is analyzed in Carreau fluid, which has shear rate dependent viscosity and contains dust particles. The nanoparticles AA7072 is combination of aluminium, zinc and other alloys with ratio 98%:1%:1%, respectively. Whereas nanoparticles AA7075 is the combination of aluminium, zinc, magnesium, and copper in ratio 90%:6%:3%:1%, respectively. Further, the nanoparticle AA7072 in Carreau liquid form homogenized mixture which is mono nanofluid whereas nanoparticle AA7075 in Carreau liquid form homogenized mixture called hybrid nanofluid. Thermal radiation have significant impact on the temperature of AA7072 and AA7072/AA7075. The Carreau-constitutive model and correlations for thermo-physical properties are used with conservation laws for fluid and dust phases for modelling purposes. The governing equations are non-dimensionalized, and their numerical solutions are derived using the finite element method (FEM). These derived solutions are used to predict the behavior of physical quantities and flow fields for both AA7072/AA7075 and AA7072 nanoparticles. An increasing tendency in the temperature of dust particles in AA7072/AA7075 is greater than in AA7072. The simulations have exposed that AA7072/AA7075 is more radiative than AA7072. The velocity interaction parameter has an increasing tendency in affecting the transport of dust particles.

A comparative study on pulsating flow of Au + SWCNT/blood and Au + MWCNT/blood based Jeffrey hybrid nanofluid in a vertical porous channel with entropy generation

In the present exploration, entropy production on hydromagnetic pulsating flow of Au + SWCNT/blood and Au + MWCNT/blood-based Jeffrey hybrid nanofluid in a vertical porous channel with Cattaneo-Christov theory has been inspected. The impacts of Ohmic heating, viscous dissipation, and thermal radiation are considered. The transformation of the governing partial differential equations into a system of ordinary differential equations is made by applying the perturbation method and then numerically solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method aided by bvp4c shooting technique built-in MATLAB software. The effects of various emerging parameters and variables on velocity, temperature, entropy generation, and the Bejan number are displayed through graphs. The consequences of physical parameters on heat transfer rate are prearranged in a table. This analysis demonstrates that the velocity of both hybrid nanofluids is intensified with an upsurge in the Grashof number, while it is decreasing by giving higher values in an applied magnetic field. The temperature of both hybrid nanofluids increases with an increment in the radiation parameter, and Eckert number. The entropy generation is an increasing function of Eckert number and radiation parameter. The heat transfer rate has a higher impact in the case of (Au + MWCNT/blood) hybrid nanofluid as compared to (Au + SWCNT/blood) hybrid nanofluid and mono nanofluid.

Bödewadt Slip Flow of Casson Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid due to Stretching Rotating Disk

The main goal of the present study is to invetigate Bödewadt flow and thermal analysis of radiative ternary hybrid nanofluid over rotating disk subject to second order slip. The ternary hybrid nanofluid contains nanoparticle-1 as Al2O3(spherical), nanoparticle-2 as CNT (cylindrical), nanoparticle-3 as graphene (platelet) and base fluid as water. Casson model is adopted to show the non-Newtonian behavior of the flow of Al2O3+CNT+Graphene+Water ternary hybrid nanofluid. The transformed non-dimensional equations are solved numerically by using bvp4c package on MATLAB. The major outcomes of the work include amplified non-Newtonian parameter upgrades the radial, azimuthal and axial velocities of mono nanofluid, binary hybrid nanofluid and ternary hybrid nanofluids. Thermal boundary layer is thickest for non-Newtonian ternary hybrid nanofluid compared to mono nanofluid and binary hybrid nanofluid.

Combined impacts of low oscillating magnetic field and Shliomis theory on mono and hybrid nanofluid flows with nonlinear thermal radiation

Hybrid nanofluids have become a popular choice for various engineering and industrial applications due to their advanced properties. This study focuses on investigating the consequences of a low oscillating magnetic field on the flow of unsteady mono and hybrid nanofluids over a vertically moving permeable disk. Initially, iron oxide nanoparticles are mixed with water to create a mono nanofluid, which is later transformed into a hybrid nanofluid by adding cobalt nanoparticles. The shape of nanoparticles used is brick-shaped, and an external magnetic field is applied to regulate the flow and heat transfer mechanism using ferromagnetic nanoparticles. Additionally, the nonlinear thermal radiative heat flux is considered for the heat transfer phenomenon. The momentum and rotational motion of the magnetic fluid caused by the rotating disk are formulated using the Shliomis fundamental concept. The numerical analysis of the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is carried out using the bvp4c technique, and the results are presented in tabular form for the surface drag coefficient and heat transmission at the walls. Moreover, the temperature and velocity distributions are illustrated using graphical representations against relevant parameters. The findings highlight that for a constant negative value for the magnetization parameter the heat transfer rate for hybrid nanofluid is witnessed stronger at a volume fraction whereas a minimal heat transfer rate is observed for positive values of magnetization parameter at the same value of volume fraction.

Numerical study of thermal and concentration transport in Sisko ternary-nanofluid

The study of the behavior of generalized Newtonian fluid flows and heat transfer has practical implications. In this study, attention is paid to examining the dynamics of flow, heat, and mass transfer in a siskofluid containing multi-nanoparticles. The governing partial differential equations can be turned into ordinary differential equations using the transformations. FEM numerical scheme is used for the solutions of problems. A free study is performed, and the validity of the results is given. The solutions, that are convergent and mesh-free, are used to explore the facts regarding heat and mass. Both shear-thinning and shear-thickening fluids experience less skin friction as the material parameter is increased. The wall heat transfer rate in ternary nanofluids has the highest value in comparison with that in hybrid and mono nanofluids. Similarly, the wall mass flux in the case of ternary nanofluid is the highest in comparison with that in hybrid and mono nanofluid.

Investigation into the effect of twisted tape on the thermo-hydraulic performance and entropy generation of turbulent flow of mono and hybrid magnetic nanofluids inside a parabolic solar collector absorber tube by applying two-phase analysis

This research study examines the impact of applying a twisted tape on thermo-hydraulic performance as well as entropy generation related to the turbulent flow of mono and hybrid magnetic nanofluids inside a parabolic solar collector (PSC) absorber tube. In this study, two-phase water/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanofluid and two-phase water/MWCNT-iron oxide nanofluid having the 1% volume fraction (VF) are applied as the working fluid. To model two-phase flow, the mixture model standard k-ε turbulence model and QUICK algorithm are utilized. This research study is implemented for diverse Reynolds numbers of 6000 to 24000 and some twisted tape's pitch ratios including 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75. In addition, the standard k-ε turbulence model is then applied for modeling the turbulent flow. The obtained results obtained by the numerical study demonstrate that using the twisted tape in solar collectors could improve thermo-hydraulic performance in comparison to the solar collector with no particular twisted tape. Also, the considered HT related to the collector having twisted tape is more than that without twisted tape in all cases, i.e., thermo-hydraulic performance coefficient is always greater than 1. The results reveal that using magnetic hybrid nanofluid leads to better thermal performance than mono nanofluid. Finally, the entropy generation is reduced with the Reynolds number as well as the pitch ratio of the twisted tape. The highest value in PEC surge was about 27% owing to using of magnetic hybrid nanofluid, while for simple nanofluid, it was 22%. According to this case, the use of magnetic hybrid nanofluid is recommended.