Monitoring Requirements Research Articles

(465) Effect of Anticancer Agents on Erectile Function in Juvenile Rats

Abstract Introduction Several cancer chemotherapeutic agents are administered to patients with cancer worldwide. Our previous report on the analysis of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (AERS) database revealed that five anticancer agents (melphalan; L-PAM, methotrexate; MTX, vincristine; VCR, docetaxel; DTX, and doxorubicin; DOX) were proven risk factors for erectile dysfunction (ED). Furthermore, administering these anticancer agents to sexually mature rats reduced their erectile function. Objective To investigate the effect of anticancer agents on erectile function in juvenile rats. Methods Four-week-old male Wistar ST rats were divided into Control, L-PAM, MTX, VCR, DTX, and DOX treatment groups. L-PAM (3 mg/kg, intravenous, i.v.) and MTX (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, i.p.) were injected on day 1. VCR (0.1 mg/kg, i.v.), DTX (5 mg/kg, i.v.), DOX (3 mg/kg, i.v.), and saline (Control, i.v.) were injected on days 1, 8, 15, and 22, respectively. Erectile function was measured following one-, two-, and four-week treatment periods. In the Control, VCR, DTX, and DOX groups, erectile function was also evaluated after four weeks of treatment and a subsequent 4, 8, and 12-week rest period without any treatments. Furthermore, erectile function was evaluated by measuring intracavernous pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) after electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve. Results After a one-week observation period, the ICP/MAP ratio in the L-PAM group (0.39±0.08) decreased significantly compared to that in the Control group (0.60±0.03) (P<0.01); however, no change was observed in the MTX group (0.59±0.06). The ICP/MAP ratio in the L-PAM group at week 4 (0.66±0.05) increased significantly compared to that at week 1. However, after the four-week observation period, the ICP/MAP ratio in the VCR (0.46±0.04), DTX (0.28±0.01), and DOX (0.38±0.03) groups was significantly decreased compared to that in the Control group (0.66±0.05) (P<0.05). The ICP/MAP ratio in the VCR (0.55±0.05) group after a 12-week rest was decreased compared to that in the Control group (0.68±0.03) (P=0.06). Furthermore, these ratios in the DTX (0.26±0.02) and DOX (0.36±0.02) groups significantly decreased compared to that in the Control group (P<0.01). Conclusions In conclusion, ICP measurements revealed that the four anticancer drugs (L-PAM, VCR, DTX, and DOX) significantly reduced erectile function in juvenile rats. Furthermore, in the VCR, DTX, and DOX groups, the erectile function of rats remained compromised 12 weeks post-drug administration. Notably, VCR and DOX are general-purpose anticancer agents for treating leukemia in children, underscoring the requirement for long-term monitoring of the erectile function in cancer survivors. Thus, monitoring the dose and the possibility of recovery after administering anticancer agents is vital, especially considering the risk of developing ED as a side effect. Disclosure No

Fluorescence-Amplified Origami Microneedle Device for Quantitatively Monitoring Blood Glucose.

Exploration of clinically acceptable blood glucose monitors has been engaging in the past decades, yet the ability to quantitatively detect blood glucose in a painless, accurate, and highly sensitive manner remains limited. Herein, a fluorescence-amplified origami microneedle (FAOM) device is described that integrates tubular DNA-origami nanostructures and glucose oxidase molecules into its inner network to quantitatively monitor blood glucose. The skin-attached FAOM device can collect glucose molecules in situ and transfer the input into a proton signal after the oxidase's catalysis. The proton-driven mechanical reconfiguration of DNA-origami tubes separates fluorescent molecules and their quenchers, eventually amplifying the glucose-correlated fluorescence signal. The function equation established on clinical examinees suggests that FAOM can report blood glucose in a highly sensitive and quantitative manner. In clinical blind tests, the FAOM achieves well-matched accuracy (98.70±4.77%) compared with a commercial blood biochemical analyzer, fully meeting the requirements of accurate blood glucose monitoring. The FAOM device can be inserted into skin tissue in a trivially painful manner and with minimal leakage of DNA origami, substantially improving the tolerance and compliance of the blood glucose test.

Photonics Large-Survey Telescope Internal Motion Metrology System

Large survey telescopes are vital for mapping dark energy and dark matter in the deep universe. This study presents a fiber-linked internal motion metrology system that aligns the mirrors and large lenses in the telescopes to enhance alignment accuracy by improving the image quality at a lower weight, volume, power, and cost. The internal motion system comprises a photonic laser beam projector capable of projecting multiple Gaussian beams onto the detector of the telescope. The specific spatial frequency aberration component is determined by combining Gaussian beam location and the geometry model of the telescope. Furthermore, integrating the proposed system with the curvature-sensing wavefront system enables more precise alignment and camera sensing. In the experimental tests, the location precision was within 10 μm, and the rotation precision improved to 5 arcsecs, fulfilling the alignment and motion monitoring requirements of large survey telescopes. The results of this study can be used as a reference to improve the performance of closed-loop bandwidth systems and active camera optics.

Enabling deep-space experimentations on cyanobacteria by monitoring cell division resumption in dried Chroococcidiopsis sp. 029 with accumulated DNA damage.

Cyanobacteria are gaining considerable interest as a method of supporting the long-term presence of humans on the Moon and settlements on Mars due to their ability to produce oxygen and their potential as bio-factories for space biotechnology/synthetic biology and other applications. Since many unknowns remain in our knowledge to bridge the gap and move cyanobacterial bioprocesses from Earth to space, we investigated cell division resumption on the rehydration of dried Chroococcidiopsis sp. CCMEE 029 accumulated DNA damage while exposed to space vacuum, Mars-like conditions, and Fe-ion radiation. Upon rehydration, the monitoring of the ftsZ gene showed that cell division was arrested until DNA damage was repaired, which took 48 h under laboratory conditions. During the recovery, a progressive DNA repair lasting 48 h of rehydration was revealed by PCR-stop assay. This was followed by overexpression of the ftsZ gene, ranging from 7.5- to 9-fold compared to the non-hydrated samples. Knowing the time required for DNA repair and cell division resumption is mandatory for deep-space experiments that are designed to unravel the effects of reduced/microgravity on this process. It is also necessary to meet mission requirements for dried-sample implementation and real-time monitoring upon recovery. Future experiments as part of the lunar exploration mission Artemis and the lunar gateway station will undoubtedly help to move cyanobacterial bioprocesses beyond low Earth orbit. From an astrobiological perspective, these experiments will further our understanding of microbial responses to deep-space conditions.

GRuM — A flexible model-driven runtime monitoring framework and its application to automated aerial and ground vehicles

Runtime monitoring is critical for ensuring safe operation and for enabling self-adaptive behavior of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). Monitors are established by identifying runtime properties of interest, creating probes to instrument the system, and defining constraints to be checked at runtime. For many systems, implementing and setting up a monitoring platform can be tedious and time-consuming, as generic monitoring platforms do not adequately cover domain-specific monitoring requirements. This situation is exacerbated when the System under Monitoring (SuM) evolves, requiring changes in the monitoring platform. Most existing approaches lack support for the automated generation and setup of monitors for diverse technologies and do not provide adequate support for dealing with system evolution. In this paper, we present GRuM (Generating CPS Runtime Monitors), a framework that combines model-driven techniques and runtime monitoring, to automatically generate a customized monitoring platform for a given SuM. Relevant properties are captured in a Domain Model Fragment, and changes to the SuM can be easily accommodated by automatically regenerating the platform code. To demonstrate the feasibility and performance we evaluated GRuM against two different systems using TurtleBot robots and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. Results show that GRuM facilitates the creation and evolution of a runtime monitoring platform with little effort and that the platform can handle a substantial amount of events and data.

Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Lights and Shadows in the Current Landscape.

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) presents a known risk to critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2; quantifying the global burden of IPA in SARS-CoV-2 is extremely challenging. The true incidence of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) and the impact on mortality is difficult to define because of indiscriminate clinical signs, low culture sensitivity and specificity and variability in clinical practice between centers. While positive cultures of upper airway samples are considered indicative for the diagnosis of probable CAPA, conventional microscopic examination and qualitative culture of respiratory tract samples have quite low sensitivity and specificity. Thus, the diagnosis should be confirmed with serum and BAL GM test or positive BAL culture to mitigate the risk of overdiagnosis and over-treatment. Bronchoscopy has a limited role in these patients and should only be considered when diagnosis confirmation would significantly change clinical management. Varying diagnostic performance, availability, and time-to-results turnaround time are important limitations of currently approved biomarkers and molecular assays for the diagnosis of IA. The use of CT scans for diagnostic purposes is controversial due to practical concerns and the complex character of lesions presented in SARS-CoV-2 patients. The key objective of management is to improve survival by avoiding misdiagnosis and by initiating early, targeted antifungal treatment. The main factors that should be considered upon selection of treatment options include the severity of the infection, concomitant renal or hepatic injury, possible drug interactions, requirement for therapeutic drug monitoring, and cost of therapy. The optimal duration of antifungal therapy for CAPA is still under debate.

Effective Probation Strategies to Respond to Signals of Poor Progress on Community Supervision

With over 4 million adults under community supervision and an average of 30% that do not fare well, an unanswered question is which strategies reduce the likelihood of technical, absconding, and new arrest violations during the early phase of supervision. Utilizing data on 32,335 moderate to high-supervised individuals on supervision in North Carolina, the study found that success during the first 6 months is due to probation officers’ use of incentives to promote positive behavior and swift community-based consequences to address negative behavior, prioritizing treatment services or cognitive programs, increasing monitoring requirements, and using skill-building worksheets to increase engagement and build rapport. Officer actions are more important than individual characteristics, and can promote success for those that are under the age of 31, have more complex needs, and are identified as at-risk for violating supervision. Future studies should explore these concepts more directly regarding their relationship with recidivism.

Framework design and application perspectives of digital twin microgrid

In order to realize the energy supply-side reform and promote the “double carbon” goal, the power supply structure of China is being optimized and the proportion of renewable energy sources (RES) is gradually increasing, resulting in the traditional mechanism model analysis methods can hardly satisfy the requirements of monitoring and operation optimization of new power systems. Digital twin technology utilizes sensors, big data, artificial intelligence and other technologies to establish the mirroring from physical space to virtual space, and it is an effective way to analyze the evolution law of dynamic behavior of key equipment and power systems, and propose optimal control strategies. Based on the technical connotation of digital twin, this paper proposes a framework for the construction of digital twin microgrids with high percentage of RES. A real-time digital simulator (RTDS) is used to build a grid-level digital twin microgrid to digitally reproduce the equipment, environment and other key aspects of the physical grid. A digital twin framework for power equipment is proposed to provide a systematic structural support for the digital management of microgrid power equipment. Finally, the advanced application module of digital twin microgrid is prospected to provide lessons and references for the construction of digital twin microgrid.

Differential Settlement of Track Foundations Identification Based on GRU Neural Network

The timely identification of differential settlement of track foundations is of great significance for the safety of train operation and the maintenance of track structures. However, traditional monitoring techniques cannot meet the requirements of efficient, real-time, and automatic monitoring of track foundation settlement. In order to solve these problems, a real-time identification method based on a gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network is proposed for the differential settlement of track foundations monitoring. According to parameter sensitivity analysis, the vertical acceleration of the vehicle is selected as the known data fed into the GRU network for differential settlement identification. Then the GRU network is employed to establish the nonlinear relationship between the vertical acceleration of the vehicle and the differential settlement of the track foundation. The results indicate that the longitudinal continuous differential settlement distribution curve of track foundations could be accurately identified with GRU neural network through the real-time vibration response of the vehicle–track. The current method may provide a new means for the real-time and efficient identification of the differential settlement of track foundations.

The Most Effective Method to Recognize and Assess Bugs in Food Grains

Abstract: Food grains that are stored are significantly damaged by insects. Additionally, the nutritional and marketability of stored food grains are impacted by insect pestilence. The application of corrective measures necessitates the prompt identification and surveillance of insects in the stored food grains. Insect traps, Berlese funnels, visual lures, pheromone devices, and other methods of visual inspection are a few of the most common approaches that are extensively utilized in commercial grain storage facilities or granaries. Of late, electronic nose, strong stage miniature extraction, warm imaging, acoustic recognition, and so on. have been shown to be effective at identifying insects. The most important aspects to take into account when choosing a method are its capacity for in-situ early detection, monitoring, cost, dependability, and labor requirements. An important concern for reducing losses in bulk storage warehouses is the detection of hidden infestations, whose population may be many times greater than that of free-living insects. This allows for prompt fumigation or grain disposal. This paper surveys a portion of the broadly involved location techniques for early recognition of bugs' pestilential exercises in put away food grains as well as a portion of the clever advances with an accentuation on acoustic strategy, which has a decent business potential.

Recent Developments in Pharmacotherapy of Depression: Bench to Bedside.

For the last 70 years, we did not move beyond the monoamine hypothesis of depression until the approval of the S-enantiomer of ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor blocker and the first non-monoaminergic antidepressant characterized by rapid antidepressant and antisuicidal effects. A similar profile has been reported with another NMDA receptor antagonist, dextromethorphan, which has also been approved to manage depression in combination with bupropion. More recently, the approval of a positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptors, brexanolone, has added to the list of recent breakthroughs with the relatively rapid onset of antidepressant efficacy. However, multiple factors have compromised the clinical utility of these exciting discoveries in the general population, including high drug acquisition costs, mandatory monitoring requirements, parenteral drug administration, lack of insurance coverage, indirect COVID-19 effects on healthcare systems, and training gaps in psychopharmacology. This narrative review aims to analyze the clinical pharmacology of recently approved antidepressants and discuss potential barriers to the bench-to-bedside transfer of knowledge and clinical application of exciting recent discoveries. Overall, clinically meaningful advances in the treatment of depression have not reached a large proportion of depressed patients, including those with treatment-resistant depression, who might benefit the most from the novel antidepressants.

What are the barriers and facilitators of clozapine use in early psychosis? A survey of UK early intervention clinicians

Clozapine is the most effective medication for treatment-resistant psychosis, but evidence points to substantial underuse, especially within early intervention psychosis (EIP) services. We explored clinicians’ views on perceived barriers and facilitators to offering patients clozapine within EIP services. A cross-sectional survey was distributed electronically to clinicians practising in EIP services across England. A mixed methods approach was used to assess barriers to clozapine, and attitudes and opinions concerning clozapine underutilisation. Based on the barriers identified in the literature, clinicians were asked to rate each one (scale:1-7) based on importance, with a higher score indicating higher importance. Clinicians were also asked open-ended questions on barriers to clozapine and how access can be improved in EIP services. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, and qualitative responses were analysed thematically. One hundred and nineteen EIP clinicians from 35 services in England completed the survey. In total, 37% (n = 45) of clinicians perceived that clozapine was under-prescribed in their EIP service. The most important barrier to utilising clozapine were patient concerns with side effects, followed by monitoring requirements and clinician concerns with side effects. Thematic analysis identified 17 perceived barriers, which were grouped into three major themes: administrative (5 subthemes), clinician-related (6 subthemes), and patient-related (6 subthemes). Perceived facilitators to improving clozapine use were greater training, improved resources, and optimised monitoring. The main barriers to clozapine in EIP services, as identified by clinicians, are patient concerns regarding side effects and monitoring requirements. Identified facilitators for improved clozapine use include clinician training, improved resources, guidelines, and point-of-care testing.

Procedural sedation and/or analgesia: a review

INTRODUCTION: In recent decades procedural sedation and/or analgesia (PS/PSA) have been widely used for diagnostic examinations and minimally invasive surgical interventions outside of the operating room. The recommendations for (PS/PSA) presented in the literature contain contradictory data related to indications, contraindications, baseline monitoring level, priority level and sedation protocols. OBJECTIVE: To perform an analysis of current practice guidelines, randomized clinical trials (RCTs), literature review and to systematize data on the potential use of sedatives and narcotic analgesics in procedural sedation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, Medline, Embase, and eLibrary were searched for PS/PSA guidelines, RCTs, and articles. RESULTS: The literature review describes the levels of sedation in increase in difficulty and potential risk of complications. A comparative characteristic of first- and second-line drugs for sedation and anesthesia is presented. Minimum requirements for perioperative monitoring of vital signs, sedation and pain levels are formulated. CONCLUSIONS: The PS/PSA in a planned or emergency procedure provides safe, comfortable and successful performance of diagnostic examinations and mini-invasive surgical interventions. The principles of interaction and administration of sedatives with narcotic analgesics are the basis for the use of sedation regimens. The use of scales has important practical value for monitoring the dynamics of sedation levels and for more fine management of sedation doses. There are no absolute contraindications for PS/PSA. PS/PSA is a popular area of practice for the anesthesiologist and resuscitator today. The Russian Federation's lack of regulatory documents on PS/PSA makes it necessary to develop guidelines.

Research on the identification of common faults of agricultural machinery based on vibration characteristics

Abstract In recent years, along with the rapid growth of the number of agricultural machinery and equipment in China, the problems of high failure rate and low operational efficiency of agricultural machinery have gradually emerged. Therefore, how to diagnose and monitor the common faults of agricultural machinery in real time has become a hot spot for research on common faults of agricultural machinery. Based on the current technical requirements of fault diagnosis and monitoring of common faults of agricultural machinery, this paper designs and implements a vibration feature model based on the GDBT algorithm with the common faults of agricultural machinery as the monitoring object, and shows that the corresponding values of the fault size at 0.1 mm are equal to 8.1m/s2, and the corresponding effective values at the size of 2 mm are 34, 19 m/s2. And the vibration waveform is particularly similar to the trend of the fault, with the minimum values of 13 and 110 m/s2, respectively, both at the fault size of 0.5 mm.

High-frequency monitoring of Secchi-disk depth in Taihu Lake using Himawari-8/AHI data.

Diurnal monitoring of the Secchi-disk depth (SDD) of eutrophic lakes is the basic requirement to ensure domestic, industrial, and agricultural water use in surrounding cities. The retrieval of SDD in high frequency and longer observation period is the basic monitoring requirement to guarantee water environmental quality. Taking Lake Taihu as an example, the diurnal high-frequency observation (10 mins) data of the geostationary meteorological satellite sensor AHI/Himawari-8 were examined in this study. The results showed that the AHI normalized water-leaving radiance (Lwn) product derived by the Shortwave-infrared atmospheric correction (SWIR-AC) algorithm was consistent with the in situ data, with determination coefficient (R2) all larger than 0.86 and the mean absolute percentage deviation (MAPD) of 19.76%, 12.83%, 19.03% and 36.46% for the 460 nm, 510 nm, 640 nm and 860 nm bands, respectively. 510 nm and 640 nm bands showed more better consistency with in situ data in Lake Taihu. Therefore, an empirical SDD algorithm was established based on the AHI green (510 nm) and red (640 nm) bands. The SDD algorithm was verified by in situ data showed good performance with R2 of 0.81, RMSE of 5.91 cm, and MAPD of 20.67%. Based on the AHI data and established algorithm, diurnal high-frequency variation of the SDD in the Lake Taihu was investigated and the environmental factor (wind speed, turbidity degree, and photosynthetically active radiance) corresponding to diurnal SDD variation were discussed. This study should be helpful for studying diurnal high-dynamics physical-biogeochemical processes in eutrophication lake waters.

E008 I feel a bit happier about going on it now: exploring the information needs of people starting methotrexate

Abstract Background/Aims Methotrexate (MTX) is recommended as initial disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy for people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Rheumatology nurses provide information about benefits, risks and safety monitoring requirements for methotrexate during DMARD counselling, which may be provided in different formats. This study sought to explore the information needs and experiences of people with RA commencing MTX. Methods Seventy-six adults with RA referred for MTX DMARD counselling attending two rheumatology units in the West Midlands were invited to take part in qualitative semi-structured interviews (either by phone or video) before and after receiving information about MTX. Research partners with RA helped to develop interview topic guides. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results Nineteen participants, (11 male, 8 female, White British, age 45-76 years, disease duration 6 weeks - 35 years) took part in telephone (n17) or video (n2) interviews (duration 34-82 minutes). Three main themes were identified: information delivery, necessity of MTX and concerns about MTX. Information delivery: most participants received telephone DMARD counselling which was helpful for people with mobility issues or work commitments. However, most acknowledged a preference for, and the importance of face-to-face communication. Information tended to be provided in a generic manner, using a checklist, and could feel rushed. Written MTX leaflets were received but not used by all participants. Some participants felt well informed whilst others felt overwhelmed with information. Many had difficulty recalling important safety information. Unmet information needs about monitoring, prescribing and follow-up arrangements were frequently reported. Inconsistent information about MTX from different sources could increase concerns. Rheumatology helplines were valued as a direct route to information and care. Necessity of MTX: most participants wanted more information on why they should take MTX, how and when MTX would help them and how long they would be required to take MTX for. Some wanted to know about other drug treatment options. Concerns about MTX: all participants had concerns about the likelihood and severity of side-effects including mouth ulcers, nausea and hair loss. Worries about the use of MTX as a cancer treatment were frequently reported. Whilst concerns remained about MTX most participants accepted the risk of side-effects because of the need to improve their symptoms. Conclusion DMARD counselling was valued by people with RA when starting MTX but was not always responsive to information needs. Addressing individual concerns about the necessity for MTX, concerns about side-effects and prioritising essential safety information is recommended. Practical issues around obtaining supplies of MTX, monitoring, follow-up arrangements and a follow-up telephone call may help address unmet information needs for some. Disclosure S.J. Logan: None. S. Hider: None. J. Green: None. S. Ryan: None.

P017 Prescription trends and reasons for discontinuation amongst at-home biological therapies

Abstract Background/Aims Our unit currently follows the 2019 British Society of Rheumatology Guidelines in the prescribing and monitoring of bDMARDs which advocates 3-6 monthly monitoring blood tests in patients prescribed a biologic without a concomitant csDMARD. The guideline acknowledges “there is no evidence on the optimal monitoring requirements for patients receiving biologics”. In particular there is lack of evidence on the extent to which routine blood monitoring in such patients results in the discontinuation of the biologic. Given the costs associated with complying with this aspect of the guideline we devised this project to describe at-home biologic prescribing trends at our unit over the previous 5 years and to identify the rate of biologic discontinuation due to dyscrasias. Methods We retrospectively analysed all at-home biologic prescriptions issued at our unit between 2017 and 2021 to describe temporal trends in biologic prescribing habits. We used this data to identify patients that discontinued biological therapies and then performed a detailed retrospective analysis of electronic case records of patients who discontinued an at-home anti-TNF biologic (adalimumab, etanercept, golimumab, and certolizumab) between 01/01/2017 and 31/12/2018 to describe the reasons for discontinuation of anti-TNF biologics. Blood dyscrasia was defined as: white cell count <3.5 × 109/l; neutrophils <1.6 × 109/l; creatinine increase >30% over 12 months and/or calculated GFR <60 ml/min; unexplained eosinophilia >0.5 × 109/l; ALT and/or AST >100 U/l; platelet count <140 × 109/l; unexplained reduction in albumin <30 g/l. Results Between 2017 and 2021 our unit issued a total of 39,298 prescriptions for at-home biologics. During this timeframe the total number of annual prescriptions at our unit increased by 76.6% (2017: 5240, 2021: 9265) and the number of unique patients prescribed a biological therapy increased by 72.4% (2017: 1018, 2021: 1755). The total number of anti-TNF biologic prescriptions increased by 49.8%, and the number of adalimumab prescriptions increased by 89.8%. Between 1/1/2017 and 31/12/2018 295 patients discontinued an anti-TNF biologic. Reasons for discontinuation included: drug inefficacy: n = 156 (52.9%), treatment de-escalation: n = 15 (5.1%), adverse event (e.g. infection, side effect, intolerance): n = 36 (12.2%), blood dyscrasia: n = 4 (1.4%), patient lost to follow up: n = 43 (14.6%), pregnancy: n = 8 (2.7%), other (e.g. malignancy, heart failure, interstitial lung disease): n = 33 (11.2%). Conclusion Our data suggests that prescription of at-home biological therapies has increased significantly between 2017-2021. Amongst patients taking anti-TNF therapies the number of patients discontinuing therapy due to blood dyscrasia was very low. In view of the increasing number of biologic prescriptions and the associated costs of 3-6 monthly blood monitoring, further data to determine the optimal monitoring requirements for patients on biological therapies is needed. Disclosure M.D.J. Gibson: None. J. Wells: None. S. Subesinghe: None.

Common statement of experts of the Polish Oncological Society, Polish Lung Cancer Group, Polish Society of Lung Diseases, Polish Society of Gastroenterology, Polish Society of Endocrinology, and the Polish Society of Cardiology for minimal requirements in diagnosis and monitoring of selected adverse events of immunotherapy in oncological patients

Common statement of experts of the Polish Oncological Society, Polish Lung Cancer Group, Polish Society of Lung Diseases, Polish Society of Gastroenterology, Polish Society of Endocrinology, and the Polish Society of Cardiology for minimal requirements in diagnosis and monitoring of selected adverse events of immunotherapy in oncological patients

Can Tritium Monitoring and Control Requirements for DEMO Be Met by Existing Technologies?

The tritium inventory of future fusion power plants needs to be monitored in the fuel cycle for several reasons: to comply with limits imposed by environment and safety regulators, to adhere to practices required by nuclear regulators, and for process control purposes. Fulfilling all these requirements leads to a comprehensive list of locations in the fuel cycle where tritium monitoring needs to take place, each characterized by different measurement conditions and required accuracies. Meanwhile, existing tritium detection technologies all come with specific applicabilities such as accuracy, material phase, and ability to detect tritium in a continuous manner. These do not necessarily correspond to the required measurement conditions. As an example, one tritium detection technology will be matched up with the previously defined measurement conditions, which allows for the identification of gaps in the existing detection capabilities of this technology. This work leads to several recommendations, i.e., developments to expand the applicability of tritium detection technologies, experimental proposals to test detection techniques at more extreme conditions, and expansion of the regulatory framework regarding tritium handling and breeding. These developments are critical for a functioning tritium management and control system, and this paper outlines the first step in that process.

Porous-nanozyme-based colorimetric sensor for rapid detection of kanamycin in foods under neutral condition.

Most colorimetric methods based on nanozymes need to have excellent performance under acidic condition, so they are currently facing some challenges in the field of food hazard detection. Herein, a facile and rapid colorimetric sensor for kanamycin (KAN) detection in foods under neutral condition has been designed using the peroxidase-mimic activity of porous nanozyme like Co3 O4 nanodisk. Further investigations showed that the interaction mechanism between porous Co3 O4 nanodisk and substrates belongs to a ping-pong model, and the inhibition type of KAN on the peroxidase-mimic activity is noncompetitive inhibition. The constructed sensor has good sensitivity for KAN with the limit of 57nM, and the color changes can be discerned visually when KAN exceeds 0.5µM. Besides, the colorimetric sensor obtains excellent recovery results in chicken serum, milk, honey, and pork, which shows that the proposed sensing strategy can provide a rapid and convenient detection method for KAN in foods under neutral condition. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The established sensing strategy can rapidly distinguish whether KAN residue exceeds the permissible level within 10min, which meets the requirement for on-site monitoring of antibiotics in foods, and also open up a new idea for other hazards detection under neutral condition.