Money Savings Research Articles

Machine learning approach to discovery of small molecules with potential inhibitory action against vasoactive metalloproteases.

With the advancement of combinatorial chemistry and big data, drug repositioning has boomed. In this sense, machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques offer a priori information to identify the most promising candidates. In this study, we combine QSAR and docking methodologies to identify compounds with potential inhibitory activity of vasoactive metalloproteases for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. To develop this study, we used a database of 191 thermolysin inhibitor compounds, which is the largest as far as we know. First, we use Dragon's molecular descriptors (0-3D) to develop classification models using Bayesian networks (Naive Bayes) and artificial neural networks (Multilayer Perceptron). The obtained models are used for virtual screening of small molecules in the international DrugBank database. Second, docking experiments are carried out for all three enzymes using the Autodock Vina program, to identify possible interactions with the active site of human metalloproteases. As a result, high-performance artificial intelligence QSAR models are obtained for training and prediction sets. These allowed the identification of 18 compounds with potential inhibitory activity and an adequate oral bioavailability profile, which were evaluated using docking. Four of them showed high binding energies for the three enzymes, and we propose them as potential dual ACE/NEP inhibitors for the control of blood pressure. In summary, the in silico strategies used here constitute an important tool for the early identification of new antihypertensive drug candidates, with substantial savings in time and money.

Development of omega stiffeners using 4D printing of composites

4D Printing of Composites (abbreviated as 4DPC) is a manufacturing technique where a composite structure of complex geometry can be made without the need to use a complex mold. Only a flat mold is used. As such there are significant savings in time and money. The technique can also be used to make structures that conventional manufacturing technique cannot. The technique relies on the anisotropic nature of unsymmetric laminates. In this paper, this technique is used to develop omega shape (Ω) aircraft wing stiffeners. The lay up sequence allows a flat stack of prepregs to transform into the shape of the Ω upon curing and cooling to room temperature. Foam is poured into the cavity of the structure to provide core sandwich support. The stiffener is tested under three-point bending. The flexural stiffness of the stiffener is determined using a model and laminate theory. The calculated stiffness is compared with experimental results. Good agreement is obtained.

Linear stochastic distributed model of moneyaccumulation in the form of a state space

The article deals with the problem of the passive parametric identification of systems for modeling the evolution of money savings income and expenses of one household using a linear stochastic distributed model in the form of a state space taking into account white noises model of the investigated object dynamics’ and white noises of the linear model measuring system of a distributed type. The use of the finite difference method allowed reducing the solution of partialdifferential equations to the solution of linear finite difference system with private derivatives to be reduced to the solution of a system of linear finite-difference and algebraic equations represented by models in the form of state space. It was proposed the use of a Kalman filtering algorithm for reliable evaluation of object behavior. The statement of the problem of estimating the coefficients of the equation of evolution of money savings income and expenses of one household is given. The structure of household income and expenses is described, taking into account additional additive white noise meters. An algorithm for numerical approbation of method for solving the problem of estimating the coefficients of an equation in the form of the state space for the evolution of money savings income and expenses of one household is considered. Calculations were carried out using the Matlab mathematical system based on statistical data for five years, taken from the site “Agency for Strategic planning and reforms of the Republic of Kazakhstan Bureau of National statistics”. The proposed method for solving the problem of coefficients assessment’s passive identification using the equations of money savings for one household in the form of a state space is sufficiently universal. Key words: linear finite-difference equation, model in the form of a state space, evolution of one household money savings, passive identification, Kalman filter, prediction estimates, filtering estimates.

516 Patient Opinion on The Disruption Caused to Daily Life by Attending A Virtual Clinic Over A Face-to-Face Clinic Appointment in General Surgery During The COVID-19 Pandemic. A Retrospective Patient Feedback Study

IntroductionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic many hospitals adopted the use of virtual clinics to reduce in-person contact. We identified the need to assess patient’s opinion of the disruption caused to their lives by attending a virtual clinic appointment compared to a face-to-face appointment at a General Surgery department of a UK hospital.Method627 patients attended a virtual clinic in General Surgery between 25th March 2020 and 30th April 2020. Patients were selected using a random number generator; they were called and asked to complete a google survey which was sent via email. A shorter survey was also conducted over the phone for patients who did not have an email address.Results73 patients completed the online or telephone survey. 77.8% (n = 42) reported that they had no problems accessing the virtual clinic. 74.1% of patients (n = 40) agreed that virtual clinics caused less disruption to their daily life. 87.7% (n = 64) saved time by attending the virtual clinic. 67.1% (n = 49) saved two or more hours. 65.8% made a financial saving.ConclusionsPatients found the clinic easy to access. Overall, the virtual clinics cause less disruption to patients’ lives than a face-to-face clinic appointment with notifiable savings in both time and money.

МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ПОДХОДА ПРИ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИИ ВЕНТИЛЯЦИОННОЙ УСТАНОВКИ С РЕКУПЕРАТОРОМ ТЕПЛА ДЛЯ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ МАШИНОСТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ

There are problems unsettled by manufacturers and installers of ventilation equipment during the design and definition of economy of its use connected with the absence of taking into account specific peculiarities of conditions for its operation and definition of reliable initial data for designing that causes errors during designing and unjustified expectations of a customer. There are obtained analytical dependences allowing the definition of reliable initial data for designing ventilation equipment with the recuperator of the heat of air removed for the specific conditions of operation in an engineering workshop. On their basis there is developed an algorithm for the computation of money savings taking into account actual energy consumption in value terms while overcoming aerodynamic resistances, a technique for the automated choice of essential equipment is also shown. The problem of the theoretical definition of incoming air temperature at the output of the recuperator Tin. air re. is solved. For computation automation there is carried out an approximation of data by mean temperature Tatm during diurnal hours Tatm day and nocturnal ones Tnoct. of the day for the last ten years for the eastern areas of Belarus and regression equations are obtained. The algorithm obtained in combination with analytical dependences for the definition of the condensate volume formed in the recuperator at the efficient arrangement of the ventilation equipment make a methodology for the complex approach at designing ventilation equipment with the heat recuperator for enterprises of engineering industry. The methodology mentioned allows designing a ventilation system for the workshop of an engineering enterprise in accordance with specific conditions of its operation it also allows defining a reliable value of economy of funds taking into account actual loss.

The Effect of Overeducation on Unemployment Duration in Indonesian

Unemployment has a negative impact on individuals. During the unemployment period, job seekers will use their money or assets savings and as long as the unemployment period is not over, the job seekers will need more money or assets in order to meet their needs during the unemployment period. The open unemployment rate (TPT) in Indonesia is more dominated by people with high school education and above indicating an oversupply of graduates with high education. This oversupply is one of the causes of the mismatch in the level of education or also referred to as overeducation. This study aims to determine the effect of overeducation on unemployment duration in Indonesia. This study uses the National Labor Force Survey Panel (SAKERNAS PANEL 2017) through a survival analysis approach with Cox Proportional Hazard Regression. The results showed that overeducation would extend the length of time someone was looking for work.

Consumer’s subjective financial well‐being: A systematic review and research agenda

AbstractSubjective Financial Well‐being (FWB) research has gained considerable interest from both academics and practitioners recently. This research area focuses on the consumer’s self‐assessment of his/her disposition, belief, attitude, and behavior concerning money management, spending, savings, and investment. The authors used a systematic literature review (SLR) process, which is a step‐by‐step process‐driven methodology, to find 128 articles published between 1978 and 2020 in marketing and related consumer studies fields. By critically examining the published studies, the paper proposes an organizing framework to identify important research gaps and suggest future research directions. The existing studies highlight (a) macro‐level factors determining the consumer’s FWB, (b) bank information transparency and ethical selling, (c) consumer co‐production behavior, (d) consumer financial literacy and how it relates to FWB, (e) financial inclusion, (f) materialism, personality, spending self‐control, and FWB, (g) multicountry research, and (h) the outcomes or consequences of FWB. Further research directions emphasize the need for research on (a) young consumers and their FWB and (b) role of marketers in maintaining FWB of consumers. The organizing framework offers actionable insights for banks, other financial institutions (FIs), businesses, third‐party organizations (i.e., financial literacy service providers), and public policy makers to increase the subjective FWB of consumers.

Smart Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) Inspection for Turbine Guide Vanes with Trend Line and Geometric Profile Tolerance

Turbine guide vanes are among the most critical and complex turbine parts. As an entire engine comprises a significant number of vanes, simplification of the measurement process translates into overall time and money savings. The key to simplification is to define critical areas for inspection, which enables relaxation of strict inspection standards in all areas of stable process manufacturing. The method described herein can help engineers to achieve savings in inspection time and cost, at the same time ensuring the correct shape of vanes as the approach used in this work places great emphasis on correlations between measurements, working conditions, and manufacturing abilities. Another element of the novelty of this approach is an atypical hybrid convention for the crossing of vertical and horizontal inspection paths, assuring a correlation between the measured sections. Although this novel approach was used to measure the geometry of a cast turbine guide vane, it can be easily implemented to measure the geometry of any other element of complex shape.

Дистанционное обучение: за и против

Discussed is actual question about, how long distance learning has come to the Russian education system. Will this form of education become the main one in view of planning the federal project “Digital Educational Environment”? The results of the questionnaire of students on of their personal desire to switch to distance learning are considered. 59.87% of students do not want to switch to distance learning, 31.6% want to switch, 5.9% have not decided on the answer and 2.63% of students supported the joint use of traditional and distance forms of teaching. The positive and negative sides of distance learning from the point of view of the surveyed students are stated. Positive motives for the transition to distance learning were: the convenience of working on your computer; saving free time due to the time spent on the way to the university and back; more flexible study schedule; improving safety for one's health, improving the environment; students who live far from the university also noted the savings in money. Motives against the transition to distance learning were named: difficult perception of the material without live communication with teachers; an increase in the number of questions in comparison with regular training; disruption of some classes for technical reasons; lack of software on the home PC; non-compliance of the software on your computer with the requirements; an increase in the amount of time spent at the computer; some students cite the difficulty of self-organization at home as a reason. The attitude to distance learning of some government officials and the elite of the Russian state is shown. The negative influence on the creative component of the work of programmers in the remote mode is noted. The author of the article proposes to bring the issue of the large-scale introduction of distance learning planned in the government to a general wide discussion in order to prevent miscalculations in this very important issue and to choose a solution that is profitable at first, but incurring large losses in the future. The author notes a tendency for a more positive attitude of students towards distance learning compared to April and May 2020.

1064 Patient satisfaction with telehealth visits: a contemporary study in the obstetrical population

In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, clinic visits have been transitioned to telehealth encounters. Current evidence has shown that the quality of telehealth visits compared to in-person visits have had similar health outcomes and patient satisfaction. We aim to gain an understanding of patient experience, perspective and satisfaction with telehealth visits at our institution in the obstetrical population. A cross-sectional survey assessing patient satisfaction was conducted among prenatal patients who received telehealth care at our outlaying clinics (conducted over the phone by providers and recently established to decrease person-to-person interaction in light of the COVID-19 pandemic). A validated satisfaction survey was conducted (15 questions using a 5-point Likert scale designed to gauge patient experience, perspective and satisfaction). Questions aim to measure convenience of visit, degree in which clinical/medical issues are addressed, concerns about privacy, preference over in-person prenatal visits, and overall satisfaction. A total of 232 patients were called; 138 chose to participate, 23 declined, and 71 were not reached. Results are summarized in Tables. The majority of patients expressed that their telehealth prenatal visit was just as good as an in-person visit, that their concerns and questions were clearly communicated to their providers, and that their condition or treatment were well explained. Additionally, the majority of patients reported that the visit was convenient, while saving them money and time. However, 71% of patients would still rather have an in-person clinic visit than use telehealth, despite being overall satisfied with their telehealth visit. Unsatisfied subjects reported less benefit in travel time, money savings and were less likely to recommend their telehealth experience to other patients (Table 2). Patients reported high satisfaction rates in their telehealth prenatal experience with additional benefits of saving time and money. It appears however, they still desired to see their providers in person for their prenatal care.View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT)

Who is using e-scooters and how? Evidence from Paris

Micromobility vehicles, and especially free-floating electric scooters (FFES), have been thriving over the past couple of years, Paris being the most important market worldwide. In this paper, we first define micromobility. Then, we present the design and results of an extensive face-to-face road survey among e-scooter (ES) users in Paris (N = 459, F(men) = 68%). Results indicate that ES users rarely own their proper microvehicle, are mostly men, aged 18–29, and have a high educational level. They are not less motorized than the general population and use ES occasionally. Their main motivation is travel time savings followed by playfulness and money savings. However, users seeking money savings are not frequent riders. They shifted mainly from walking and public transportation (72%) and few have increased their total mobility by making new trips (6%). Findings can be useful to researchers, policy makers, and FFES operators especially in the context of COVID pandemics.

Walk this way: Pedestrian accessibility and equity in Barranquilla and Soledad, Colombia

As a transport mode available to everyone and most abled-bodied urban residents, walking is, actually, the most equitable mode of transport. Walking brings several benefits to inhabitants among money savings and health improvement. Unfortunately, despite its benefits, walking is not a priority in the urban planning agenda of some cities, especially in the Global South. Walkability conditions in some areas of these cities are not particularly friendly for pedestrians, which discourage walking trips and promotes inequities across inhabitants. Evidence supporting inequalities in the provision of adequate conditions for the use of active transport in the Global South cities remain scarce. This paper aims to contribute to filling this gap by first proposing a framework to link pedestrian accessibility with walkability measures. Specifically, we use a macro-scale measure of pedestrian accessibility and a meso-scale measure of walkability to compare walking conditions on different zones in Barranquilla and Soledad, Colombia. After comparing both measures, we found that low-income zones have higher walkability indexes but present lower potential pedestrian accessibility. In contrast, the highest potential pedestrian accessibilities were located in high and medium-income zones, where people rely more on private transport modes. This imbalance regarding supply and demand conditions for walking trips suggest that unfortunately, zones with the highest potential of being walkable are the ones that face more barriers to walk. Then, adequate planning policies when implemented in the right locations could promote higher use of walking and have the potential to reduce current inequalities in pedestrian infrastructure provision.

Cost calculation and economic efficiency of carpooling

Reducing the costs and environmental impact of passenger car transport is very important. However, people are often more interested in money savings. Carpooling is a passenger transport system in which the driver shares a seat or seats in his car. The system consists of a certain number of vehicles, users, and a coordination element. It is very different from Carsharing, in which the whole vehicle is shared. It is not easy to quantify the economic benefits of a carpooling system for the driver. The third chapter shows the cost calculation of operating a private passenger car. Currently, drivers can use various booking systems that recommend the optimal price for transporting one person for a specific distance. It is approximately possible to determine what travel fare the driver obtains in the carpooling. These revenues are in the fourth chapter of the article. The main goal is to evaluate the economic efficiency of carpooling by comparison of calculated costs and revenues. It shows the exact methodology of how it is possible to estimate the economic benefits of the carpooling system for individuals.

Method of determining the optimal version of the piezometer of gas distribution networks of medium and high pressure

The article deals with the issues of determining the optimal type of piezometric pressure graph in high-and medium-pressure gas pipelines in the design of gas distribution networks. Along with the most commonly used ways to reduce the cost of building gas distribution networks by finding the optimal configuration of gas pipelines, which give a great economic and environmental effect, it is necessary to rationally use the pressure drop provided to the network. This step in engineering practice allows you to additionally get money savings. The use of various schemes for supplying consumers with gas in cities and villages also has a great economic effect, but modern equipment allows you to make the transition to a single-stage scheme of gas distribution networks for cities. When designing gas distribution networks, the available pressure drop can be used by implementing various technical solutions, but the correct choice of pressures in the nodal points contributes to an economic effect. The designed configuration of the gas distribution network with the adopted type of piezometric graph can ensure reliable operation for a long time. The results obtained are recommended for use in the design of gas distribution networks of cities, other settlements and distribution networks of industrial enterprises

Empirical analysis of attitudes to new forms of employment in the pandemic era

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to major changes in the functioning of social systems, including employment. This raises the need for a comprehensive study of the ongoing processes and forecasting their consequences. The subject of this article is the analysis of the remote form of employment scaled due to the 2020-2021 pandemic. The object of the study was the attitude of working Muscovites to the new form of employment. The use of qualitative and quantitative research methodology made it possible to clarify the ambiguity of remote work, to identify changes in the family and professional field that have occurred as a result of the transfer of labor functions to a remote format. The built-in indicators made it possible to assess the attitude towards distance employment, identify changes that have occurred between relatives and colleagues, assess the prospects for the further use of distance technologies, and speak out about the acceptability of remote work. The results showed that, in general, remote work as a new form of employment is accepted, and is considered by many as very convenient for the metropolitan metropolis in connection with significant savings in time and money spent on the road. Most have no plans to move from the metropolis while maintaining distance employment, since Moscow is labeled not only as a place of work and income, but also as a city of opportunities for leisure, development and life. The possibility of moving is considered only in connection with an increase in wages, career growth; in connection with personal and family reasons or with moving from Russia in general, as well as if the situation in small towns is favorable. The results presented in this article may be of interest to researchers dealing with the transformation of the labor market and employment, as well as to specialists from government bodies who are involved in the implementation of state employment policy and in the development system of urban agglomerations.

Comparative Evaluation of the Thermal Aging of Solid Insulation in Mineral Oil and Methyl Ester of Palm Kernel Oil

The purpose of this work is to determine the impact of thermal aging on the dielectric and physicochemical properties of the oil/paper mixed insulation. We performed a comparative analysis of dielectric paper dipped in two cooling fluids: palm kernel oil methyl ester (MEPKO) and mineral oil (MO). Two types of dielectric paper were used: Thermally Upgraded Kraft paper (TUK) and Nomex-910 paper (NP-910). An accelerated aging test was realized at 110°C during a total of 96 hours. Samples of oil and paper were collected after 0, 48, 72 and 96 hours for analyses purposes. The analyses performed included the measurement of the Breakdown voltage (BDV) of the dielectric papers, the Total Acid Number (TAN) and the Decay Dissolved Products (DDP) of the liquid dielectrics. The BDV of NP-910 is greater than the BDV of TUK. Concerning the type of oil, the BDV of dielectric papers impregnated with MEPKO is greater than the BDV of similar papers impregnated with MO, indicating a better preservation of paper when dipped in methyl esters. The analyses of TAN and DDP revealed that Nomex-910 improves the oxidation stability of MO, but reduces the oxidation stability of MEPKO. These results prove that methyl esters can be used as a substitute to replace mineral oils in power transformers. Furthermore, they show that NP can be used mainly in areas of transformer where solid insulation is subjected to high thermal and electrical stress, and TUK other places where solid insulation is required. Such combination could assure money savings and a better preservation of the oil viscosity.

АДАПТАЦІЯ МОЛОДІ ДО ВИКЛИКІВ РИНКУ ПРАЦІ

The relevance of the research topic is determined by the need to consider the issue of Ukrainian youth adaptation to the challenges on the labor market, which is under the influence of various crisis phenomena. They are related to the influence of both global and special internal factors. The aim of the study is to identify the impact of crisis phenomena on the youth adaptation to the labor market challenges. The object of research is the processes and factors influencing youth employment. The study of theoretical approaches to understanding the essence of the concepts such as “crisis” and “adaptation” revealed a direct connection between these phenomena, where the second imitates the first and affects the development of personality and the formation of new skills for transition. The analysis of the age population structure is carried out, which shows a low indicator in the category ”youth”. The dynamics of the level of youth employment in the periods of crisis fluctuations from 2007 to 2019 is demonstrated and negative trends are revealed. It is determined that due to the impact of crises, the labor market structure has suffered significant losses due to the decrease of the country population, aging of the nation, increased labor migration especially among young people, which leads to loss of labor country potential . Economic issues are the most acute for our state, and young people usually do not have enough experience and money savings to survive the period of trouble. Unemployed youth is a category with a high risk of social degradation, which is threatened by the development of marginal qualities, distortion of consciousness and civic views. Measures aimed at financial support for young people should be a priority, which should be targeted and provide additional employment guarantees. The fastest way is to develop and implement measures that will help young people adapt to the challenges of the organizational labor market. In this aspect, it is important to motivate and coordinate the cooperation of all social partners, which include employers, employment services, schools, higher education institutions and their career centers, NGOs, district education departments, and the authorities. An example is the Community of Employment Centers of leading Ukrainian universities from Kyiv, Kharkiv, Lviv, and Odessa, which was established in 2018 to share experiences of best and effective practices for promoting youth employment within our country. This collaboration has led to large-scale career activities for young people in all these cities, and during the pandemic, quickly find new options for cooperation with business, youth counseling and new career activities online. In order to mitigate the long-term effects of the coronary crisis on the youth labor market, a special program to support youth employment during the crisis should be considered. An example of such a comprehensive program, which can be taken as a model, is the EU program, which was established in 2013 and is aimed at young people aged 15 to 29. The terms of this program provide an opportunity to register young people who have completed the period of formal training and have not been employed for 4 months – for them the program offers employment opportunities, continuing education, internships, individual counseling and mentoring.

Opportunity for eHealth due to COVID-19 Outbreak: Case of Peru

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated the consolidation of eHealth in the world and it is expected that it will remain even after the pandemic ceases. This will especially be true for chronic patients, who have greater needs for remote health services. This perspective paper presents the various regulatory documents that support the provision of telemedicine in Peru. The time and money savings achieved through eHealth services are presented. However, Peru is a country with multiple rural areas and limited internet connectivity. Thus, to achieve optimal connection for medical appointments, infrastructure must be improved before high quality remote health services can be provided in Peru.

Determinants of Livelihood Strategies Among Rubber Smallholders: Case Study in Kedah Malaysia

This study analyzes the determinants of alternative strategies undertaken by rubber smallholders in the state of Kedah. This study used primary data obtained through a survey of 343 smallholders using structured questionnaires in four districts. The information collected covers the demographic profiles and components of livelihood assets. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Chi-Square descriptive tests while inferential statistics were analyzed using Multinomial logit to identify determinants of strategy selection. The results showed that a majority of 44.9 percent of rubber smallholders opted for rubber and other agricultural activities while only 9.6 percent choose to use a combination of rubber and non-agricultural activities as their alternative strategies. The size of family dependence, duration of experience in agriculture, household income, technology, land size, assistance sources, gender, information sources, involvement in social associations and societies and money savings are all factors that contribute to the selection of smallholder alternative strategies. It is hoped that the government can focus on smallholder awareness measures in an effort to increase their involvement in alternative activities. Agricultural and non-agricultural activities are seen to improve the adaptive capacity of smallholders and thus increase their income.

Financial Inclusion and Household Financial Behavior

I study the heterogeneity of individual’s financial-management behavior and its relation to financial inclusion among households in Mexico using data from the 2018 national financial inclusion survey (ENIF). To measure individual’s financial behavior, I create a score applying factor analysis to answers on questions about money management, savings and consumption habits that are related to financial well-being. I question whether households who are part of the formal financial system report better financial behavior than individuals outside the financial system, and which type of financial product is more relevant. I find that financial-management behavior is positively related to uses of financial services and products, particularly to having savings accounts and insurance. However, households using payroll accounts, accounts to receive government transfers, pensions or credit products do not report better financial behavior. Additionally, individuals using informal savings vehicles show better financial behavior, but those using informal credit report worst financial behavior. Formal education, financial literacy and income are also important factors in explaining financial behaviors related to financial well-being.