Modern Programming Research Articles

An Interval Throwing Program for Baseball Pitchers Based upon Workload Data.

Interval throwing programs (ITP) have been used for decades to enable baseball pitchers to return to competition after injury or surgery by gradually applying load to the throwing arm. Past programs have been based on personal experience; however, advances in our understanding of the biomechanics and workloads of throwing allow for a more modern data-based program to be developed. To 1) develop a updated ITP for rehabilitation of modern baseball pitchers based upon biomechanical and throwing workload data, and 2) compare the updated program with a past program to determine differences in chronic workload and acute:chronic workload ratios (ACWR). Cross-sectional study. Workloads (i.e.daily, acute, chronic, and ACWR) for the original ITP were built from the prescribed throwing schedule. Elbow varus torque per throw was calculated based upon a relationship between elbow varus torque and throwing distance. Throw counts, daily/chronic/acute workloads, and ACWR were calculated and plotted over time. A new ITP was built to model current pitcher's throwing schedules and gradually increased ACWR over time. The original ITP had a throwing schedule of 136 days, final chronic workload 15.0, and the ACWR above or below the "safe" range (i.e.0.7 - 1.3) for 18% of the program with a peak of 1.61. The updated ITP was built to consist of a 217-day schedule, final chronic workload of 10.8, and deviated from the safe range for 9% of the program, with a peak of 1.33. The newly created ITP is more familiar to modern baseball pitchers while exhibiting a more gradual buildup of chronic workload than traditional ITP programs. This ITP may be used to return baseball pitchers back to competition as safely and efficiently as possible, and potentially with less risk of setbacks or reinjury. The ITP may be used following common injuries or surgeries to the throwing shoulder and elbow, such as Tommy John surgery, while also serving as a basis for future development of shorter duration ITPs. 2c.

Long-term service contracts for the mobilization of private financing for the reform of the informal public transport sector in the Philippines

Considered the most ambitious program in the Philippines, the Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program (PUVMP) requires transport cooperatives to replace their old jeepney with modern units. This however requires massive financing, and the government only provides very limited equity subsidies. This paper examines the impact of service contracts (SC) on the financial capacity of transport cooperatives to replace their fleet of old jeepney units. Using qualitative data drawn from interviews with 12 transport cooperatives, we investigate the effect of service contracting on the ability of transport cooperatives to access financing in terms of loans from banks. We find that long-term service contracts can enhance the level of confidence of transport cooperatives to service debt. Our work presents a novel mechanism to mobilize financing from private banks for the reform of the informal transport sector.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ АНАЛІТИЧНИХ МЕТОДІВ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗАКЛАДАМИ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

The objective basis for solving the problem of improving management efficiency is analysis, which is its important function. The analysis provides a systematic, disclosure and coverage of various aspects or elements of the system of providing medical services, a process or a situation that occurs in a health care institution. For this, it has a wide range of tools and indicators. In the process of analysis classification and interpretation of information is carried out in order to understand the structure, patterns and factors that can influence decision-making. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the elementary components and build a scheme of decision-making in medical institutions, establish their relationship and carry out a description of the analytical part and appropriate methods of analysis. In order to achieve the goal of the research, an analysis of the problems existing in the management system of medical institutions was carried out. The expediency of applying economic management methods was substantiated. A conclusion was made about the expediency of more active use of analysis in management. A scheme of the management system with elements of analysis was developed; the relationships between its elements were established. The need for the application of analytical methods for evaluating activities in the provision of medical services was substantiated. On this basis, strengths and weaknesses, as well as opportunities and threats in the activity of medical institutions were formed and identified due to the SWOT analysis. Evaluation elements were proposed and their descriptions were made. Based on the results of the analysis, the tasks that should be implemented to solve the existing problems of the health care entities were proposed. Adherence to research-based schemes and methods will not only contribute to increasing the efficiency of medical institutions but will also ensure better quality of health care services. In the future, the study of the principles of the correct selection of analytical indicators and their formalization for increasing the level of quality of medical services will cause even greater interest on the part of scientists and practitioners. In addition, since analytical calculations require consideration of external and internal factors, there is an objective need for more active use of modern computer programs. The development of tasks and algorithms for the creation of new software, as well as the improvement of those programs that are already in use, by supplementing them with innovative applications with new indicators, is also an actual perspective direction of scientific research.

Modern Ways of Educating Parents of Children with Adhd

The relevance of the study is substantiated by the lack of modern programs of psychological and pedagogical education of parents of children with ADHD, taking into account the psychological characteristics and expectations of modern parents, against the backdrop of a growing number of children with these developmental characteristics who experience significant difficulties in the educational process. The main goal set by the authors is to identify effective modern methods of psychological education of parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, applicable in the context of inclusive education. Methodology. In the course of the study, an analysis of current domestic and foreign scientific publications and scientific and methodological sources was carried out, the method of expert assessments was applied (a survey of specialists of the psychological and pedagogical support service of inclusive schools of the Novosibirsk region and employees of the Regional Center for Diagnostics and Counseling) and a method of studying pedagogical experience (an analysis of programs that are laureates of the “All-Russian competition of the best Psychological and pedagogical programs and technologies in the educational environment” 2021 and 2022 using the methodology of the evidence-based approach). Results. Theoretical analysis and a survey of experts confirmed the relevance of the problem of psychological and pedagogical education of parents, without whose active and competent participation in the organization of educational activities of children with attention deficit and hyperactivity, the efforts of specialists in psychological support of this specific group of children do not give the necessary effect. In addition, difficulties in organizing work with parents are identified and described, and it is shown that specialists face problems when choosing effective methods of education that take into account such features of modern parents as lack of time, orientation to digital sources of information, the need for active dialog interaction with specialists and visual provision of necessary information. It is confirmed that specialists of inclusive educational organizations need additional knowledge about the psychological characteristics of children with ADHD and their parents and in program and methodological materials with proven effectiveness. The results of the analysis of the programs-winners of the All-Russian competition led to conclusions about a clear shortage of program and methodological materials on psychological education of parents of children with ADHD, taking into account, among other things, the psychophysiological characteristics of parents of this group of children. It is shown that so far not all the award-winning programs provided in the register of the best psychological and pedagogical programs of the Federation of Educational Psychologists of the Russian Federation fully meet the criteria of practice with empirically proven effectiveness (evidence-based approach).

Pelatihan Pengukuran Kinerja Koperasi Sesuai Tujuannya bagi Sarjana Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) Kementrian Koperasi dan UKM Angkatan II-Tahun 2023

In the last two years, the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs has had strategic policies and superior programs, namely the cooperative modernization program with three pillars: institutional modernization, business, and cooperative finance. To realize this program, it needs to be supported by young State Civil Apparatus (ASN) who have strong cooperative competencies. Therefore, through collaboration with the Indonesian Cooperative University LPPM, in 2023 carried out a Basic Cooperative Training Program Batch I and II. This training aimed to improve the cognitive competence, attitudes, and skills of ASN in the cooperative sector. The training method used was competency-based training with adult training methods (andragogy). The results of the training evaluation indicate that this training has been able to provide effective changes in participants' cognitive, attitudes and skills.

Secularization and de-legitimation: Hans Jonas and Karl Löwith on Martin Heidegger

ABSTRACT This study argues that the bond between ‘secularization’ and ‘de-legitimation’ is not only borne out in debates over grand historical narratives relating to the status of modernity, as argued by Hans Blumenberg, but in debates over the appraisal of specific modern philosophical programs as well. It does this by examining how the category of ‘secularization' is used to delegitimize Martin Heidegger's thought, from both theological and secular perspectives, by two of his former students, Hans Jonas and Karl Löwith. By analysing their interpretation of Heidegger and their understanding of secularization, legitimacy, and the philosophy-theology relationship, this study sheds light on the intellectual projects of these three thinkers – master and two students – and demonstrates the application of secularization as a hermeneutical category of de-legitimization on the basis of ‘insufficiency’ – either insufficiently secular or insufficiently religious.

Modern trends in the development of design education in universities in China and Kyrgyzstan

Relevance. China and Kyrgyzstan represent different approaches to the provision of design education, driven by socio-cultural and economic contexts. This is what determines the relevance of studying modern trends in the development of design education in these countries, in order to better understand their differences and similarities, as well as to find potential areas of cooperation. Purpose. The purpose of this article is to study current trends in the development of design education in universities in China and Kyrgyzstan, as well as to identify potential ways to improve the quality of education provided. Methodology. The methodology of the work is presented by theoretical research methods, including analysis, comparison, and generalization. Results. The results of the study showed that in China and Kyrgyzstan there is a trend towards the development of design education. In addition, it was determined that an important factor contributing to development is the use of modern digital technologies and computer programs in the learning process. It was revealed that in both countries, special attention is paid to practical training and the development of students' professional skills. In this process, cooperation with industry and enterprises plays an important role, which contributes to the practical orientation of education and provides students with the opportunity to realize their projects in a real environment. Conclusions. The results obtained are of great importance for understanding the current trends in the development of design education. They can be used to improve the programs and methods of teaching universities, develop partnerships with the industry, as well as to exchange experience between the two countries in the field of design education. Keywords: digitalization; innovations; exchange of experience; creativity; teaching methods; design education; universities

MxPL: A Programming Language for Matrix-Related Operations

It is important to establish solid mathematical knowledge throughout the education period. Matrices are important mathematical objects commonly used in many diverse disciplines, including mathematics, engineering, and science. Most problems encountered in such disciplines are represented by mathematical models with various types of matrices, and solved through some applications of matrix algebra. Although simple or advanced operations of matrices can be performed by using modern programming languages, it usually results in a large fragment of code with a low level of readability due to a complicated sequence of control statements. On the other hand, special-purpose languages handle these operations via library functions, presenting poor integration with other programming environments, and less programming flexibility and practice. This paper addresses the design and development of a programming language, called MxPL, which supports matrix-related mathematics with the provision of some basic structures and functions. Firstly, a grammar that is compatible with the usual notations of matrices is constructed and the parser is produced. Then, the code verifier and interpreter for MxPL programs are implemented. Some code examples are presented to illustrate the performance of several sophisticated matrix operations. The comparative analysis of MxPL is conducted with modern programming languages based on language features.

Development of Software for 3D Well Visualization Modeling Using Acoustic, Gamma, Neutron and Density Logging for Fossil Energy Sources Sustainable Production

Achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals is impossible without sustainable oil and gas production, both in terms of ensuring equal access to cheap energy and preserving the environment, as well as caring for non-renewable fossil energy sources. This actualizes the need for the digital 3D modeling of wells, which allows one to assess their current condition and predict their future condition as well as determine the feasibility of investing in their reconstruction and the expansion of the well network. This is possible due to the fact that the visualization of a well, reflecting its physical and technical parameters, gives engineers, designers and ecologists the opportunity to recognize the defects of the well (cracks, cavities, behind casing and interlayer leaks, etc.) and predict their appearance and proliferation on which the service life, hydrocarbon flow rate, pollution, operating and capital costs directly depend. The software required for this must be versatile enough to cover different types of logging and fit different operating systems. The goal of the study is to develop a software for creating visual 3D models of wells based on acoustic and various types of radioactive logging data, capable of integrating drilling rig parameters and geophysical survey data with modern 3D modeling and programming methods. The developed software meets the requirements of various operating systems and the specifics of different types of logging, which is designed to help in increasing the productivity of oil and gas wells, save energy consumption and reduce groundwater pollution from chemicals used in hydrocarbon production. This is achievable by ensuring trouble-free execution and the operation of well systems, minimizing the risks of collapses and the destruction of well walls through accurate monitoring and forecasting their dynamic condition in real time using 3D models, which is not available for static 2D models.

MODIFICATION OF THE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP IMPELLER USING CAD

Currently, during the design of hydraulic machines, specialized software is widely used. The work presents an overview of modern programs that use a system of automated design of centrifugal pumps. The modern approach to the design of centrifugal pumps is based on the joint solution of direct and inverse problems of the theory of the working process in hydraulic machines. The purpose of the work is to develop the impeller of a centrifugal sectional pump with the following parameters: a liquid volume of 6 m3 per hour and a pressure of 140 m. The pump is used to supply crude oil to the recuperators of the small distillation unit SDU-20 of the oil refinery. In the sectional pump, it is possible to compose packages of impellers of various designs. The lack of publicly available geometric dimensions of the impeller of a centrifugal sectional pump for the required parameters makes it difficult to choose an effective mode of operation. Therefore, the task of designing and researching the impellers of the VNS type pump using CAD in the ANSYS CFD software environment is relevant. The work uses the free academic version of ANSYS CFD. The work presents a description of the main stages of design and research of a centrifugal pump. The geometric dimensions and kinematic parameters of the pump were analyzed and selected according to the jet classical theory and calculation results in the Vista CPD program. The overall efficiency of the pump at the preliminary design stage reaches 50 %. At the second stage, the direct task of computer 3D modeling in the Ansys CFX software environment is solved. Determination of the hydrodynamic and energy characteristics of the pump is carried out. The paper presents the results of a numerical study of three variants of the pump impeller, which are used to predict the mode of efficient operation of a centrifugal pump.

A History of Gender-Affirming Surgery at the University of Michigan: Lessons for Today.

The University of Michigan has played an important role in advancing gender-affirming surgery programs in the United States. The University of Michigan was home to a little-known gender identity clinic shortly after the opening of the first such clinic at Johns Hopkins. Since 1995, the University of Michigan Comprehensive Services Program (UMCGSP) has been continually offering surgical services to transgender and gender diverse patients. Here, we present the history of both programs, drawn from program documents and oral history, and explore their implications for the future sustainability of gender-affirming surgery programs. The original gender identity clinic opened in 1968, and operated in a multidisciplinary fashion, similar to other clinics at the time. Eventually, the clinic was closed due to disinvestment and lack of sufficient providers to maintain the program, problems which are being increasingly recognized as barriers for similar programs. The modern program, UMCGSP is perhaps the longest continually running gender-affirming surgical program at an academic center. In spite of challenges, key investments in education, statewide community engagement, and the development of a comprehensive care model have helped UMCGSP avoid the pitfalls of the earlier clinic and remain relevant throughout its nearly 30-year history. In the face of rising challenges to gender-affirming care in the United States, much can be learned from the sustainability of the UMCGSP. Institutions seeking to maintain gender-affirming surgery programs should ensure the availability of comprehensive care and promote the education of the health care workforce.

Education and Development in Baiga Tribe of Madhya Pradesh

The baiga tribe is extremely backward in terms of their social, financial and academic level. Their geographical isolation has made them a very vulnerable tribal group in India. Education plays an important role in the socio-economic development. To include the baiga tribe in the mainstream, development of education can be an important factor. After independence efforts are being made to improve their education in India .The government is trying to uplift their overall situation through development programs in their areas. Altogether, the baiga culture has gradually changed due to continuous migration and impact of neighboring communities in the past and still changing due to the impact of modernization and developmental program at present. The aim of this research is to know the educational levels of Baiga tribe and the various educational welfare schemes initiated by the govt for the tribe and their influences.

Polytomous key for selecting plants according to decorative, phenological, phenotypic traits when landscaping cities in the south of Russia

The classic selection of plants for landscaping the urban environment is a rather labor-intensive process involving the use of a large number of reference materials, atlases and plant catalogs. It is necessary to consider various characteristics of plants, taking into account their decorativeness, mutual compatibility, survival in the natural conditions of each region, etc. The purpose of the research was developing a polytomous key and creating it using a modern computer program to simplify the selection of plants according to decorative, phenotypic and phenological characteristics for landscaping cities in the southern Russia. The method of compiling a polytomous key was used as a way to identify plants by several leading characteristics, when the original groups were simultaneously divided into several smaller ones. The life forms, size, habitus of plants, characteristics of the trunk and crown, characteristics of flowering and fruiting, as well as environmental requirements were taken into account. On the basis of the research results the assortment of ornamental plants in large nurseries of the Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Adygea, a list of plant names was compiled and their characteristics were encoded using a polytomous key. The key consisted of 8 sections, thanks to which it was possible to give the most complete description of the plant according to 36 parameters. The resulting database received state registration certificate No. 2023621905. The base and operation of the polytomous key are like a computer program. The functioning of the program has been successfully tested. The created program greatly simplifies the work of choosing an assortment of plants for landscaping, reducing it to a few minutes.

Regulatory and Legal Support for the Formation of Chemical Concepts

The article deals with the issues of reflecting the formation of chemical concepts in regulatory documents of international and national levels. One of the tasks of teaching chemistry, in particular cognitive chemistry, is to understand the patterns of structure and transformation of simple compounds in living and inanimate systems. That is, to understand means to form concepts. It is well known that the source of the creation of concepts is the surrounding world. The formation of concepts is a complex process not only for students. It is based on the logic of scientific knowledge and objective transitions from ignorance to knowledge. In 2014, the Subject Standard in Chemistry was developed for general education organizations in accordance with Article 5 of the Law of the Kyrgyz Republic “On Education” and the Decree of the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic “On approval of the State Educational Standard of secondary general Education of the Kyrgyz Republic”. The standard is mandatory, compiled on the basis of a competence-based approach to teaching chemistry students and defines the content and requirements for the subject for grades 10-11 at all levels. The purpose of this study is to identify and formulate the main problems associated with the formation of chemical concepts in secondary school students. The object of the study is the normative legal documents of the international level and the Kyrgyz Republic. The following methods were used: theoretical (analysis of psychological-pedagogical and scientific-methodical literature on the problem under study, analysis of the content of modern programs; study of existing international and republican regulatory legal documents defining the features of the development of education.

Stages of Formation of Chemical Concepts Students in Grades 10-11

The article discusses the stages of formation of chemical the concepts in the process of studying the subject. One of the tasks of teaching chemistry, in particular cognitive, is to understand the patterns of structure and transformation of simple compounds in living and inanimate systems. That is, to understand to form concepts. The formation of concepts is a complex process, not only for the students but also for the teacher faculty. The process of forming concepts can be divided into three parts: education, development and integration. The method of the education depends on the nature of concept, the level of their knowledge, the formation of theoretical knowledge of students and the role of this concept in terms of teaching. In scientific cognition and in teaching, two ways to form concepts are used: from sensory data by inductive generalization and by deductive deduction from known theories. The purpose of this study is to determine the stages of the formation of educational material in chemistry of grades 10 and 11 of secondary school for further systematic studies. The following methods were used in the study: theoretical (analysis of psychological, pedagogical and scientific-methodological literature on the problem under study, analysis of the content of modern programs, textbooks, manuals on chemistry; study of existing regulatory documents defining the features of the development of education; modeling of the process of formation of the basic chemical concepts at the propaedeutic stage of training).

Genome-wide association study between copy number variation and feeding behavior, feed efficiency, and growth traits in Nellore cattle

BackgroundFeeding costs represent the largest expenditures in beef production. Therefore, the animal efficiency in converting feed in high-quality protein for human consumption plays a major role in the environmental impact of the beef industry and in the beef producers’ profitability. In this context, breeding animals for improved feed efficiency through genomic selection has been considered as a strategic practice in modern breeding programs around the world. Copy number variation (CNV) is a less-studied source of genetic variation that can contribute to phenotypic variability in complex traits. In this context, this study aimed to: (1) identify CNV and CNV regions (CNVRs) in the genome of Nellore cattle (Bos taurus indicus); (2) assess potential associations between the identified CNVR and weaning weight (W210), body weight measured at the time of selection (WSel), average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI), residual feed intake (RFI), time spent at the feed bunk (TF), and frequency of visits to the feed bunk (FF); and, (3) perform functional enrichment analyses of the significant CNVR identified for each of the traits evaluated.ResultsA total of 3,161 CNVs and 561 CNVRs ranging from 4,973 bp to 3,215,394 bp were identified. The CNVRs covered up to 99,221,894 bp (3.99%) of the Nellore autosomal genome. Seventeen CNVR were significantly associated with dry matter intake and feeding frequency (number of daily visits to the feed bunk). The functional annotation of the associated CNVRs revealed important candidate genes related to metabolism that may be associated with the phenotypic expression of the evaluated traits. Furthermore, Gene Ontology (GO) analyses revealed 19 enrichment processes associated with FF.ConclusionsA total of 3,161 CNVs and 561 CNVRs were identified and characterized in a Nellore cattle population. Various CNVRs were significantly associated with DMI and FF, indicating that CNVs play an important role in key biological pathways and in the phenotypic expression of feeding behavior and growth traits in Nellore cattle.

Problems of training of civil servants in post-Soviet higher educational institutions

Relevance. The study of problematic aspects in the process of training civil servants in the post-Soviet countries is extremely relevant today. This is, of course, due to an active policy of retraining workers according to the European approaches. Thus, an examination of the problems currently impeding the effective training of civil servants will make it possible to find ways to address and improve them.Purpose. The aim of the work is to analyze the main approaches and tools that are used by post-Soviet higher education institutions in the process of training civil servants.Methodology. In the article used various scientific and methodical means, among which functional and system approaches, as well as the method of analysis and synthesis, comparison, deduction, generalization.Results. As a result of the research, both the theoretical and practical part of the question was revealed. Accordingly, in the first half of the work the essential content of the basic concepts and terms related to the studied topic has been determined, as well as their features and features have been disclosed. In addition, the methods and approaches underlying the training of civil servants in the post-Soviet countries were digging more into and their main disadvantages were identified accordingly.Conclusions. The practical value of the work lies in the fact that it can be used as methodical material for higher education institutions, and for the personal development of individual educational workers. Perspective direction for future research is consideration of modern programs, including remote ones, to improve the professional competence of civil servants and identify their main disadvantages.

Total Type Error Localization and Recovery with Holes

Type systems typically only define the conditions under which an expression is well-typed, leaving ill-typed expressions formally meaningless. This approach is insufficient as the basis for language servers driving modern programming environments, which are expected to recover from simultaneously localized errors and continue to provide a variety of downstream semantic services. This paper addresses this problem, contributing the first comprehensive formal account of total type error localization and recovery: the marked lambda calculus. In particular, we define a gradual type system for expressions with marked errors, which operate as non-empty holes, together with a total procedure for marking arbitrary unmarked expressions. We mechanize the metatheory of the marked lambda calculus in Agda and implement it, scaled up, as the new basis for Hazel, a full-scale live functional programming environment with, uniquely, no meaningless editor states. The marked lambda calculus is bidirectionally typed, so localization decisions are systematically predictable based on a local flow of typing information. Constraint-based type inference can bring more distant information to bear in discovering inconsistencies but this notoriously complicates error localization. We approach this problem by deploying constraint solving as a type-hole-filling layer atop this gradual bidirectionally typed core. Errors arising from inconsistent unification constraints are localized exclusively to type and expression holes, i.e. the system identifies unfillable holes using a system of traced provenances, rather than localized in an ad hoc manner to particular expressions. The user can then interactively shift these errors to particular downstream expressions by selecting from suggested partially consistent type hole fillings, which returns control back to the bidirectional system. We implement this type hole inference system in Hazel.

CREATING GRAPHS OF MATHEMATICAL FUNCTIONS USING MODERN PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

Graphing functions and their construction play a very important role in the mathematics course. In the past, programming languages ​​had few options for graphing functions and were mainly created using the dot method. The text size of the computer program was also large. Modern programming languages ​​provide more options for creating function graphs. However, the capabilities of some modern programming languages ​​have not yet been explored at the required level. In this work, a new technology for creating graphs of functions in one of the modern programming languages ​​PascalAbc.Net is studied. New nomenclature of graphics modules and computer graphics operators are reviewed. On their basis, computer programs are developed for creating graphs of functions. The field of their application is shown, including for solving the system of equations, numerical methods. The function graphs in this work are created in an easy and efficient way, in which functional programming is applied.

Translation as intervention: Wu Mi’s translation of William Thackeray’s novels

ABSTRACT Wu Mi, a notable scholar and translator in early 20th-century China, possessed a profound knowledge of Western literature and culture. While there has been extensive research on his conservative views and cultural propositions, his translation agenda has received limited attention. The paper employs Theo Hermans’ theoretical framework of translation as intervention to analyse Wu Mi’s translation of William Makepeace Thackeray’s novels. Through a tactical reading of his translation, the paper argues that Wu Mi utilised translation to modernise Chinese literature, and it further identifies three levels of intervention within the terrain of the New Culture Movement, especially focusing on the themes of modern Chinese fiction, its proper form, and the most effective approach to localising Western literature and modernising Chinese literature. The case study sheds light on the contributions of cultural conservatives to the Chinese modernisation program and invites reflection on the interplay between tradition and modernity, as well as dynamics between local legacy and global influences.