Modern University Research Articles

ЦІННОСТІ СУЧАСНОЇ УНІВЕРСИТЕТСЬКОЇ СПІЛЬНОТИ (УКРАЇНСЬКІ УНІВЕРСИТЕТИ ПІД ЧАС ВІЙНИ)

The last few years have become a challenge for all of humanity. And universities are not the exception. Questions about reforming the modern university education and changing the university community were on the agenda even before the COVID-19 pandemic, but with the need of the distance learning, these questions have become especially acute. How should the modern university look like? To be a platform for providing educational services? Keep the classic Humboldt research university model? What should be the values of the modern university community? Today in Ukraine, the value aspect is fixed in the official documents of universities and scientific institutes, and the observance of academic integrity is regulated by the legislation of Ukraine A university should educate, provoke critical thinking and inspire students to take responsibility for their own life and its activities, be a responsible citizen. With the beginning of a full-scale war in Ukraine, these questions took on an even more bitter flavor, and the very possibility of learning became a huge value. The purpose of the article is to study the values of the university community in modern conditions of uncertainty and crises. The university during the war is the center that helps all its employees, teachers and students to feel part of the community, to receive psychological help, to believe in victory. And after the victory, it will be necessary to think about further modernization and reformation of education. Today, for all Ukrainians, the most important value is our life and freedom, but as professionals in the field of education, we must not forget that the basic values of the academic community are academic freedom and academic integrity. And even in difficult times of war we must not lose faith and hope that if we preserve our basic professional values now, after victory we will be able to rebuild a strong university community that will be not worse, but one of the best in the world.

Revisiting the Problem of Organizing an Effective Educational Process in a Modern University

Revisiting the Problem of Organizing an Effective Educational Process in a Modern University

Specifics of the organization of anti-corruption education and the formation of anti-corruption ideology in a modern university

Specifics of the organization of anti-corruption education and the formation of anti-corruption ideology in a modern university

Развитие физкультурно-оздоровительной и спортивно-массовой работы на кафедре физического воспитания Курского политехнического института (60–70-е годы ХХ века)

The relevance of the scientific research is due to the fact that Southwestern State University (formerly Kursk Polytechnic Institute), like all modern universities in our country, achieves high ratings not only for providing students with quality education, but also physical fitness for the profession, a healthy lifestyle.. The study and generalization of the experience of physical culture and recreation and mass sports work at the department of Physical Education since its inception is very relevant and is aimed, in our opinion, at further effective physical development of modern students. The purpose of the scientific search is to study the development of physical culture and recreation and sports mass work at the Department of Physical Education of the Kursk Polytechnic Institute (KPI) in the 60–70s of the twentieth century. The objectives of the scientific research are to generalize the experience of physical culture and sports and mass work and to identify particular factors that influenced the activities of the Department of Physical Education of the Kursk Polytechnic Institute in the 60–70s of the twentieth century, as well as recommendations for the further development of the successful work of the Department of Physical Education in the modern period. The methodology of the research is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity and consistency, which allow us to trace the relationship and interdependence of events in the corresponding period of time. In addition, comparative-historical and historical-chronological methods were used, which make it possible to identify patterns and sequence of historical events studied. The results of the scientific research showed that the sports and mass work competently organized at the De-partment of Physical Education under the guidance of highly qualified specialists, the involvement of a wide contingent of students (even with weakened health) in physical culture and recreation work and the conditions necessary for classes allowed KPI students to declare their sports talents not only in Kursk, but also in the country. Conclusions. Established in 1964, the Department of Physical Education at the Kursk Polytechnic Institute, ac-tively and professionally conducted physical education and sports and mass work with university students.

SPECIFIC NATURE OF PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT FOR THE PROCESS OF ADAPTATION OF STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY

The article discusses the importance of and the need for pedagogical support for the adaptation of students in a modern university. The adaptation of young people in a higher education institution is often associated with the need to improve adaptation strategies that will allow them to successfully adapt to the learning process. To implement this task, it is necessary to create conditions for providing pedagogical support to students for their adaptation at the uni- versity. Pedagogical support of students means forming their skills of effective response in various social situations and learning conditions. Teachers and students should be actively involved in this process; therefore, it is suggested that programs that would include the basic skills of adaptive behavior should be developed.

FORMATION OF STUDENTS' SELF-ORGANIZATION COMPETENCIES AS THE BASIS OF UNIVERSITY EDUCATION

The article defines the place of videoconferencing in the Internet learning environment, discusses the means of supporting the interactivity of the learning process, specific competencies for a distance learning teacher. The problem areas arising in a modern university with the use of innovative technologies are identified, the stages of video conferencing preparation are proposed.

Психические состояния как фактор развития профессиональных представлений у студентов

The article presents results of an empirical study of professional conceptions. Understanding the mechanism underlying the development of professional conceptions is an important factor in building the educational environment in a modern university. At the same time, the accumulated scientific knowledge does not allow us to determine all the factors affecting its development. The purpose of the study is to identify factors that impede the development of professional conceptions in students. Our hypothesis is that among the factors that significantly slow down the development of professional conceptions in students are negative emotional states that arise through educational and professional activities. The study was conducted on the basis of the Nizhny Novgorod State University named after Kozma Minin. The sample included 93 students aged from 18 to 26 years, 73 females and 20 males, including 67 second-year students and 26 fourth-year students. As a technique for determining professional conceptions we used a questionnaire of professional conceptions by E.I. Rogov. To estimate the level of development of professional conceptions, the repertory grids technique by D. Kelly was used. The individual style of activity was evaluated using the questionnaire “Behaviour self-regulation style” by V.I. Morosanova. Self-concepts of the subjects as representatives of the certain profession were measured using the technique by M. Kuhn and T. McPartland “Who am I” (adapted by T.V. Rumyantseva). The results showed significant differences in terms of clarity and evaluation (p <0.05) which are higher in fourth-year students. In order to identify the influence of negative emotional experiences on the development of professional conceptions, a formative experiment was conducted. The experimental group included 51 second-year students, the control group — 45. Of these, 11 were male and 85 female. According to the results of the experiment, the level of development of the emotional component of professional conceptions in the experimental group was higher than in the control group. The results can be used to form adequate professional conceptions in students.

Christians and Muslims in Twenty-first Century Nigeria

The Maghreb Review, Vol. 47, 2, 2022 © The Maghreb Review 2022 This publication is printed on FSC Mix paper from responsible sources CHRISTIANS AND MUSLIMS IN TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY NIGERIA ALLAN CHRISTELOW* Nigeria in the 2020s is widely recognised as a country whose population is almost evenly divided between Muslims and Christians. But it is impossible to get accurate statistics on the religious breakdown of the population of Nigeria since Nigeria does not collect statistics based on religion. One can put the overall population at about 200 million, and suggest that about one half of the population is Muslim and the other half Christian, with some still committed to their traditional beliefs. This new Muslim–Christian frontier, which has developed since the spread of Christianity by missionaries in southern and central Nigeria starting in the mid-nineteenth century, and the creation of Nigeria by the British at the beginning of the twentieth century, might be compared with an earlier Muslim–Christian frontier along the Mediterranean where Christians conducted crusades in an effort to impose their dominance, and Muslims waged jihad to oppose this. This ended in 1492 with the expulsion of Muslims from Spain. But Nigeria has shown the potential to be a territory where Muslims and Christians live in peace, and develop mutual understanding. To explore this situation, one must recognise that both Muslims and Christians are complex groups in Nigeria. Since the mid-twentieth century, some Nigerian Muslims have accepted the importance of modern education – which was introduced by the British colonial power. They send their children to schools where they learn English and study science. Some of them, mainly from well-to-do urban families, go on to study at a modern university. But those who come from poorer families and live outside of urban areas do not have access to ‘modern’ education and some are drawn to the Boko Haram movement, whose name means ‘Modern education is forbidden’. The Hausa word ‘boko’ is derived from ‘book’. It came into use in the 1970s when the government was working to develop English-language modern education in northern Nigeria. Christians, mainly in the south and in the Middle Belt, follow diverse versions of the religion, ranging from well-established branches such as Catholicism and mainstream Protestant branches to Pentecostalism. Those who follow the wellestablished versions of the religions tend to be from well-to-do, or at least relatively well-to-do, families. They see the need for education as a way to build the economy. Nigeria did not formally exist before it was created by British colonial rulers in the early 1900s. But its roots can be traced back to the mid-nineteenth century when British missionaries began to make their way up the Niger River in motor-driven boats. The leading figure in this British colonial venture was * Idaho State University CHRISTIANS AND MUSLIMS IN TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY NIGERIA 143 Lord Frederick Lugard, who saw the benefits of bringing the diverse territories along the Niger River into one economic unit. Within a short time after its creation the territory would be united not just by the Niger River but by a railway reaching from the port city of Lagos up to Kano, the economic hub of the north. Well-established Muslim rulers in the north came to terms with this, and eventually accepted colonial education with their children learning English in schools while they continued to speak Hausa or Fulfulde at home. But there were many people who remained on the margins without access to colonial education. By the 1970s some of these people were drawn to a movement that rejected modern un-Islamic education. This could be seen in the Maitatsine movement which emerged in the city of Kano and became involved in a violent conflict with the federal police in December 1980. The federal police were recruited from all over Nigeria, so they had little understanding of this movement, and no way to negotiate a solution to the conflict. The far north of Nigeria had remained strongly Muslim during and after colonial rule, with effective traditional rulers such as the Sultan of Sokoto and the Emir of Kano. But the Middle Belt, the area...

Educational Texts as a Factor in Managing the Digital Transformation of the University

Digital transformation is a global driving force for the development of modern society, including the education sector. Responding to the social needs of the state and society, modern universities are becoming actors in the digital transformation of education. At the same time, the success of digital transformation management at the university level is determined not only by the development of digital infrastructure and the teachers mastery of digital technologies. Our research has shown that the digital transformation of education is associated with the creation and dissemination of educational content, namely developing educational texts (printed and digital), which is difficult to implement without a good knowledge of the theory and practice of constructing educational texts, choosing educational texts by a teacher, managing educational activities with their help and building an individual educational experience of students. In this regard, the textual competence of future and current teachers is highly significant. The aim is to identify the management factors of the digital transformation of universities, in particular, the role of educational texts and textual competence for creating content that allows students to organize self–management of educational activities. Research methods: study and analysis of philosophical, psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature on the problem of research and analysis of the practice of content design. Expert evaluation of various types of educational texts in terms of their ability to self-organize educational activities.The article shows the influence of educational texts on the methodology of professional activity of a teacher, his professional values. It was revealed that different educational texts create different ways of managing educational activities, working with these texts affects the educational experience of students. Recommendations for pedagogical universities are formulated.

Multivariate analysis of online learning within the framework of systematic approach: aspects of improving the quality of online learning at a university

The article presents an assessment of the quality of online distance learning in a modern university, based on the scientific works of Russian and Hungarian authors; an overview of the methodological aspects of online teaching is given on the examples of six disciplines in three Russian and one Hungarian universities. The generally positive experience of using digital resources MS-Teams, Mirapolis, Zoom, etc. in teaching is complicated by the presence of some technical shortcomings. Because of this, when conducting online lectures, there is an unstable attention of students, and there are problems of objectivity of testing, while when conducting practical classes in a foreign language, it is difficult for a teacher to conduct an objective assessment of students' oral speech. The authors carried out a methodological adjustment of certain aspects of online distance learning in order to improve its quality. Identified and tested in pilot experiments are such methodological tools to enhance the attention of students and improve the effectiveness of lecture courses, such as elements of general interactivity, as well as interactivity using the algorithms of Kahoot and Mentimeter electronic systems. The use of these electronic systems makes it possible to more effectively use the significant potential that mobile phones, tablets, or personal computers of students represent to improve the quality of online learning. It is noted that interactive inclusions in the lecture contribute to the strengthening of students' voluntary attention. The methodological methods introduced by the lecturers for the individualization of teaching tasks in the discipline of pedagogy of higher education and double mini-testing in higher mathematics at PGUPS contributed to a better assimilation of lecture material by students. For practical classes in the discipline "foreign language in professional activity" at the Bonch-Bruevich University, a three-stage technology for independent work of students was developed using video auditing and mental mapping to prepare for communication during the classroom.

Научная деятельность Государственного Оптического Института в военные годы (йошкар-олинский период): из истории науки физики

The main idea of the article is to use the method of historical reconstruction in the study of physics at a modern university as a basis for the formation of an interest in understanding the events of the Great Patriotic War, which took place in 1941–1945 in the city of Yoshkar – Ola during the scientific activity of the State Optical Institute (GOI). The scientific discover­ies of the Institute’s staff and academician S.I. Vavilov (head of the GOI) are particularly emphasized. Research attention is paid to the creation by the teacher of conditions for the formation of patriotic consciousness, feelings and beliefs among students through the study of certain historical material while organizing independent work through tradi­tional and online learning from the point of view of the history of science. The implementa­tion of research tasks was achieved on the basis of the use of historical documents from the archive of the Museum of the Volga State Technological University and the library fund of the S.G. Chavain National Library of the Republic of Mari El.

РОЛЬ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІВ У РОЗПОДІЛІ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО РЕСУРСУ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

An increase in the world number of applicants for international academic mobility as well as updating of the list and dynamics of indicators of the structure of the world countries that receive the largest flows of foreign applicants has been revealed. The outflow of intellectual resources of the universities of the American continents to the institutions of the regions of Asia and Oceania has been showed in temporal dynamics as well as increasing innovation activity and international influence of institutions in these regions. An increase in the number of countries whose universities are competitive in an intellect-intensive global economy and intensification of competition for intellectual resources between universities within regions and individual countries has been identified. The transformation of university development strategies has been demonstrated in order to improve the competitive position in the global struggle for intellectual resources (in particular, based on the format of online education, increasing the supply of financial support and diversifying services provided to students). Emphasis has been placed on increasing and clearly formulating the requirements of business entities of the intellect-intensive global economy to university graduates as potential employees of companies. It has been argued that modern universities are becoming not only a source of knowledge, but also a motive for international intellectual migration as well as the center for the accumulation and integration of intellectual resources of the global economy.

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ И КАЧЕСТВО ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ СТУДЕНТОВ

The article analyzes the relationship between the concepts of efficiency and quality of competence formation among students in a modern university. These concepts are revealed based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature. It is shown that the modernization of higher education has determined the need to develop innovations and their introduction into the educational process of universities. The article identifies the problem of the dependence of the effectiveness and quality of the formation of students' competencies and the use of innovative pedagogical technologies. Further directions of scientific research include the development of criteria for determining the quality and effectiveness of the formation of students' competencies.

Trends of Patriotic Education in a Modern University

Статья посвящена изучению тенденций и подходов к патриотическому воспитанию студентов в условиях современности. Обосновывается необходимость дальнейшей разработки мер по усилению гражданско-патриотического воспитания в образовательном процессе современного вуза.

THE UNIVERSITY’S RECEPTIVITY TO SOCIAL INNOVATIONS: THEORETICAL ASPECT

The relevance of this study. Social innovations issues still cover a very small part of the scientific work in the field of education. It should be stressed that such innovations are particularly important in the education system, as their development not only contributes to the improvement of the quality of teaching or the progress of educational institutions, but also makes a significant contribution to the creation of a sustainable future and to highlighting and solving social problems in society. The main problem. What is the conceptual basis of a university that enables a university to be receptive to social innovations? Object of research: University receptivity to social innovations. The aim of this study is to reveal which concepts lead a university to be the most receptive to social innovations. Results. Social innovations can not only meet the needs of an individual, but also drive social inclusion. Susceptibility to innovation is traditionally defined as the ability of entities to apply innovative ideas and solutions, to be able to create innovations and disseminate them in society. A modern university should be open, innovative, dynamic, responsive to society and its needs. Regardless of the concept chosen by a university, the third mission of higher education should not be forgotten – to use the university’s knowledge for a common goal, be socially responsible, and contribute to the well-being of society. Research methods. This analysis is prepared by using the methods of semi – systematic thematic analysis. Social innovations can not only meet the needs of an individual, but also drive social inclusion. In most cases, the benefits of social innovation reduce public spending by eliminating a specific social problem and creating some added value for the group of people targeted by social innovations. Susceptibility to innovation is traditionally defined as the ability of entities to apply innovative ideas and solutions, to be able to create innovations and disseminate them in society. Susceptibility to social innovations is determined by innovation potential and innovative activity. Management, which is determined by the choice of managerial staff, communication skills, applied methods and support of managers to apply social innovations, is particularly important in the structure of innovation potential. Internal and external factors/ components are also important in shaping receptivity to social innovations.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ПРОФИЛЯ ВУЗА В ЦИФРОВОЙ СРЕДЕ: МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ ОПЫТ

modern universities, in response to general digitalization, not only transfer educational processes into a digital environment and actively implement digital technologies, but also create around their activities a special media space on the Internet. This media space is a set of communications with stakeholders, carried out through various communication forms and types, such as social networks, the university’s website, etc. At the same time, universities, given the growing audience of social networks, tend to follow modern trends and intensify work in this direction, which is especially attractive to young people as a core of applicants. The paper considers the problem of determining the feasibility of using social networks to attract applicants and the development of the university, using a media-metric analysis of the resources of foreign universities.

Conditions for designing effective professional educational programs at a modern university

The author examines the aspects of the formation of professional and key personal competencies and their features in the modern digital society and university education, reflected in the design of professional educational programs. The author actualizes the need to update educational professional programs, examines the essence and features of the formation of professional competencies in universities of modern Russia at the digital stage of the development of civilization, features of the individualization of the educational process in the era of digitalization and the spread of distance technologies. The article prioritizes the impact of personnel, logistical and substantive problems. The subject of this article is the conditions for the development of effective professional educational programs in university education. The object is the design of professional educational programs. В В In the situation of the current stage of the digital development of society and the stage of the development of vocational education, the problem of the formation of professional competencies in university education is particularly relevant.The methodological basis of the article is a competence-based approach that considers the results of students' educational actions through competencies. The main problem of the article is the consideration of the conditions for designing effective professional educational programs and technologies for their practical implementation at the university for the formation of a complex of professional and personal competencies of students in the conditions of digitalization of university education and the spread of distance education. The need to update educational professional programs is determined by the peculiarities of modern vocational education, the level of competence and preparedness of subjects in it, taking into account the personnel, material, technical and content-technological conditions of the modern personality-oriented professional educational route of each student, which allows to coordinate and harmonize the disparate personal and axiological determinants of the digital stage of the development of university education in society.

Developing Cost-effective Cybersecurity Management System for Academic Institutions in Saudi Arabia

Technology in the recent years has dramatically invaded the education system and profoundly changed the classroom landscape, especially in modern universities. Internet of Things (IoT) devices, such as automated attendance tracker, interactive whiteboards, etc., are significantly utilized to create a positive and engaging classroom atmosphere. Unfortunately, some emerging universities deploy these smart tools before establishing an effective cybersecurity management system to protect critical characteristics of information, i.e., confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The cybersecurity management system in academic institutions is the most-targeted system for cyberattacks, which is growing rapidly and hits businesses worldwide every day. To shed lights on the impact of this critical problem, we introduce a cybersecurity management system designed specifically for academic institutions based on Saudi Arabia. The paper also looks closely at the best practices and the adoption of international information security management standards deployed in worldwide academic institutions.

The Main Directions of Formation and Development of Students’ Resilience in the Process of Teaching Socio-Philosophical Disciplines in Modern Universities

The Main Directions of Formation and Development of Students’ Resilience in the Process of Teaching Socio-Philosophical Disciplines in Modern Universities

Special features of implementing integrative learning of Physics and a foreign language of the students of a modern pedagogical university

Special features of implementing integrative learning of Physics and a foreign language of the students of a modern pedagogical university