Challenges Of Modern Technology Research Articles

Kurikulum Madrasah sebagai Penyeimbang Dampak Negatif Perkembangan Teknologi Digital

The development of digital technology has a significant impact on various sectors of life, including education. This paper explores the role of the madrasah curriculum as a counterbalance to the negative effects of digital technology development. Through an analysis of the madrasah context, including characteristics of the madrasah, students, educators, facilities, partnerships, potential funding sources, and socio-cultural environment, it was found that the madrasah curriculum needs to identify and explore differentiating strengths according to its characteristics. The learning plan for madrasahs includes the formulation of Learning Outcomes, learning objectives, assessments, and learning resources involving both extracurricular activities and projects that strengthen student profiles. Additionally, planning priority programs for madrasahs is an important focus. In the classroom, the learning plan includes the preparation of teaching modules, teaching materials, and other documentation reflecting the core learning objectives. The madrasah curriculum plays a central role as a counterbalance by integrating religious values, wise digital literacy, and moral development. With this approach, the madrasah curriculum shapes comprehensive Islamic individuals who are able to face modern technological challenges while remaining steadfast in traditional values. Thus, the madrasah curriculum becomes an essential instrument in shaping a balanced and adaptive generation in this digital era.

BIBLIOMETRIC MAPPING PUBLICATIONS OF SCIENTIFIC WORK OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS LECTURER AT UIN SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA ON GOOGLE SCHOLAR SYSTEMATIC REVIEW USING RESEARCH RABBIT

ABSTRACT
 In the modern era dominated by technology, understanding academic developments in the Information Systems Department of UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta through Google Scholar and Research Rabbit is very important. The research focuses on identifying lecturers' research interests, with the aim of developing a more relevant curriculum for students. Literature studies are used to collect and analyze information from various sources. The research results reveal the latest research topics that lecturers publish, becoming the basis for future research and guidelines for curriculum development according to technological developments. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of adapting research to technological developments and a deep understanding of lecturers' interests to maintain the relevance of the curriculum in an ever-changing academic world. This step is key in preparing students to succeed in a rapidly developing environment. In this context, lecturers' understanding and research helps shape a curriculum that is able to face the challenges of modern technology and produce graduates who are ready to face continuous change.
 Keywords : Bibliometrics, Publications, Scientific Work, Google Scholar, Research Rabbit

Наукограды России и проблемы городской среды

The article presents a study of the problems of science cities as key tools for the development of not only Rus-sian socio-economics, with modern technological challenges, but also the training of specialized scientific per-sonnel in universities and qualified engineering specialists in a priority area for each science city, which is im-portant not only for the entire scientific settlement, but for the region and the country as a whole, since at the same time integrity and balance are preserved development of the space of the whole country. The article ana-lyzes the research of 13 science cities with officially assigned status. Uneven territorial distribution of science cities has been revealed – almost all of them are located in the Central Federal District, which increases ine-quality between regions. The article examines the volume of funding for science cities with an emphasis on the uneven distribution of annually allocated funds, as well as a noticeable decrease in funding in recent years. The study focuses on the existing problems in the infrastructure of science cities, which is confirmed by the low quality indicators of the urban environment of individual science cities. The assumption is made about the weakening of state support for science cities and the insufficiency of funds allocated by the federal center for the development of the infrastructure of science cities. Recommendations are given on the need for special attention and comprehensive support of science cities, not only in terms of the development of scientific and industrial complexes and improving the efficiency of its use, but also creating comfortable living and working conditions in them. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the results can be used in the preparation of proposals for the development of the urban environment of science cities.

Transformation of the Institution of Public power in modern Russia: advantages and disadvantages

The constitutional regulation of the institution of public authority, taking into account the amendments to the Basic Law in 2020, revealed a number of contradictions with the current legislation adopted subsequently. The levels (international, federal state, regional state and municipal) of the implementation of public power are highlighted and considered, as well as some problems related to both the composition of a unified system of public authorities and the possible negative consequences of the trend of its centralization. The necessity of responding to and including modern technological challenges in the sphere of activity of public authorities is shown. The subject of the study is the institution of public authority, the composition of a unified system of public authorities, legal relations developing within this system, as well as the impact of adopted constitutional amendments and modern challenges (globalization, digitalization, Internet technologies, etc.) on the transformation of the institution in question. The aim of the work is to identify contradictions in the legal regulation of the institution of public power, identify the levels and features of its implementation, and develop proposals to improve the effectiveness of the unified system of public power without prejudice to the institutions of federalism and local government. Material and methods. The study used the current Constitution of the Russian Federation, relevant federal legislation, as well as judicial practice - decisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. The general (methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, system-structural method) and private (formal legal, comparative legal methods, method of generalization of judicial practice) methods of scientific cognition are used. The trend of increasing centralization of public power that has manifested itself at present can be justified to some extent by the current situation associated with unprecedented external pressure and the need for a certain consolidation of society and the state in the person of public authorities. At the same time, the state is called upon to distribute functions between levels of public authority in such a way that the rights of local self-government, as well as the principles of federalism and subsidiarity, which are either directly enshrined in the Basic Law or follow from its content, are strictly respected. The latter assumes the priority right of territorial units of the lowest possible level, with sufficient potential to solve specific tasks, to exercise powers on specific subjects of competence.

Analysis and optimization of concentrator photovoltaic system using a phase change material (RT 35HC) combined with variable metal fins

One of the biggest challenges of modern technology is the production of clean energy from available resources such as wind, sun and sea. The solar panel is considered as a potent tool for the production of green electric energy from solar irradiation. However, the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems is related to the effectiveness of the integrated cooling system. In the present paper, PCM (RT35HC) has been used as a cooling process, which is placed in the back container of the photovoltaic unit. To enhance the thermal performance of PCM, a set of fins of different materials (graphite, copper, steel and titanium) has been integrated into the cooling enclosure. Additionally, the performance of the solar panel has been investigated with the variation of the inclination angle (β = 0, 30, 45, 75, and 90°). Independently of the fins material type and the inclination angle (β) of the PV-system, the presence of fins has relatively enhanced the energetical efficiency of the solar panel, especially with the adoption of graphite and copper materials. With the use of graphite and copper, the mean temperature of the solar panel was reduced by 3 °C compared to the case of steel and titanium. The overall PV temperature was stabilized at around 40 °C. The outcomes of the present study are of great importance for future developments of photovoltaic (PV) systems.

Uloga i značaj Novinske agencije Srna u medijskom prostoru Republike Srpske

News agencies function as 'wholesalers' of news, collecting news from various parts of the world, shaping it, and distributing it to their clients, mainly traditional mass media, and/or end users, the audience. Since their beginnings in the 19th century, agencies have been essential 'gatekeepers' defining the 'agenda' of mass media and, thus, practically the entire world. Additionally, news agencies represent a pillar of national identity, similar to the national bank, the army, or the post office; they symbolise statehood. Countries that were liberated in waves of anti-colonial struggles, immediately before or shortly after gaining independence, started their own national news agencies, representing one of the symbols of their independence. The Srna is the first and only news agency in the Republic of Srpska, and one of the leading agencies in Bosnia and Herzegovina, servicing a large number of mass media with its content. Since its inception, the Srna news agency has performed its informative role, maintaining a developed network of correspondents in the country, as well as in all major centers in Europe and around the world. The Srna also keeps pace with modern technological challenges; since its inception, it has offered photo and phono services, and since 2016, it has also provided video services, making it one of the most advanced modern news agencies. It can be said that the Srna has been essentially a witness, but also a participant, in all major socio-political, cultural, and historical events in the Republic of Srpska. However, the agency not only mediates information and news but also, in times of crisis, contributes to a kind of social homogenisation. As part of international communication highways, this agency represents an important agent of international communication. The inclusion of Srna in international communication highways, through which all major news in the world travels, has been an important part of a kind of international and political affirmation of the Republic of Srpska. Therefore, it can be said that the Srna news agency was actually created based on two primary goals: first, to inform domestic media and the public about the most significant local and global events, and secondly, to inform the world about events in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republic of Srpska. Finally, the Srna was one of the main drivers of cultural life in the Republic of Srpska in the early nineties of the 20th century. As an important media company, an agent of international communication, and an important initiator of cultural life, among other things, this enterprise was the initiator of the establishment of cultural institutions (Srna film, Srna fest), a sponsor of various cultural events (Monodrama Festival of the Republic of Srpska), and it appeared as a publisher of books by domestic writers.

Comparative Efficacy of Drone Application in Chemical Spraying at Paddy Field MADA Kedah

Although chemical spraying was critical in paddy management, not all methods were efficient and effective. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of manual spraying versus drone spraying in a paddy field. The research was conducted at rice granaries in Kampung Alor Gandak, Mukim Limbong, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia. Despite the challenges of modern technology, many farmers continue to rely on low-tech practises rather than advanced methods. Following that, only a few farmers in Malaysia began to use drones for chemical spraying. This demonstrates that only a minority of farmers are aware of and accept the use of drones in paddy field management. The field efficiency was calculated and proven that the field efficiency improved by 9.08% as after the application of drone spraying. The result has shown that drone spraying has the higher efficacy and the correlation also strong. The regression shown that drone spraying has the higher percentage of yield to be explained with the time taken of spraying. Conclusively, the results can encourage the improvement of mechanization quality in an effort increase the field efficiency as to increase the yield that can lead to profit gained for the growers.

Integration atoms in octa- and tetrahedrical internodes of BCC crystals with a free surface

The physical properties of crystals are determined by their chemical nature, the structure of both the entire volume and the surface layer. The surface of a metal, ionic or covalent crystal and semiconductor can be considered as a special state of matter with its own chemistry and physics. The interest in the problem of solid state surfaces, in the science of surface, in the physics of thin films is stimulated by advances in solid state physics, technical innovations, opportunities to create new film materials with unique properties, the challenges of modern technology, the requirements of technology to create devices for computing technology and microelectronics. In this work the processes of redistribution of infiltration atoms along the surface and bulk inter-nodes are considered, the equilibrium distribution of infiltrated atoms on the surface and in the crystal volume, as well as the effect of external pressure on the surface and bulk distribution of infiltration atoms, are studied. Knowledge of the processes of redistribution of infiltration atoms along the inter-nodules of a crystal and of the reasons causing them may allow the purposeful formation of these processes for the purpose of obtaining certain physical characteristics of materials. The kinetics of inter-nodal rearrangement of infiltration atoms has been studied for metals and ordering alloys of various structures.

EUROPEAN STANDARDS FOR THE USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS IN THE FACE OF MODERN CHALLENGES AND THREATS

Abstract. The most important problems in the use of information technologies in modern judicial proceedings are the establishment of a reasonable balance between the application of information technologies and traditional forms and methods of justice, respect for individual rights and freedoms in the use of modern technologies in the judicial resolution of legal conflicts. Purpose: to define international legal standards for the use of information technologies in modern conditions. Methods: the author applies such methods as dialectical, formal logical, structural-system analysis and synthesis. The results of the study make it possible to determine the main principles for the use of modern technologies in judicial proceedings: respect for human rights and the rule of law, access to justice, security. The basis for the legal regulation of the use of modern information technologies is a unified approach, independent of the specificities of national legal systems, necessary to overcome the challenges of rapid technological development that allows finding common practical solutions related to the digitalization of justice. The ideological basis for regulating the use of digital tools and high technology in justice is an anthropocentric approach, according to which the human being, his rights and freedoms are at the center of judicial activity. Such an approach will preserve and guarantee human rights in the face of modern technological challenges.

Сфера услуг: грядущие системные вызовы

The article is devoted to determining the system priorities of the strategic development of the service sector in the context of the formation of modern technological challenges. The study used the basics of a systematic approach and synergetic, theoretical generalizations of existing scientific developments, structural and functional analysis, and interpretation of objective trends. Special attention is paid to the turbulence of socio-economic processes in connection with the upcoming changes in the main parameters of employment for reasons of automation and digitalization, which cannot be strictly quantified at the present time. In order to maximize the use of real technological opportunities for the transition to a new level of labor productivity in the national economy, it is proposed to take into account the potential for using the principles of unconditional basic income in practice, which is considered as the main content of the upcoming transformation of the service sector. As a result, with sufficient reason, a new use of the created product is expected, which means the formation of new economic relations, primarily in the service sector. This consistently becomes a priority function and a trend of its immediate development, which is not yet paid due attention in economic science. Modern technological digitalization makes real the processes of consistent integration of the system components of social protection and social policy into the relations of unconditional basic income and becomes the basis for the synergy of the formation of new economic relations in specific sectors of the service sector and social security systems.

Universal basic income as regulator of improving the standards and quality of life: statement of the problem and introduction to analysis

This article deals with the issue of the impact of universal basic income (UBI) on the standards and quality of life of population, highlights some theoretical and methodological aspects of its introduction, characterizes the current state of research on this issue and the experience of other countries. It presents the basic conceptual provisions of the scientific study conducted by the authors, which are aimed at the theoretical and methodological substantiation of the idea of introducing universal basic income in Russia, its forms, tools and possible application mechanisms for transformation of the processes and structures of the functioning of the labor and employment sphere, development of human potential, reduction of absolute monetary poverty and excessive socio-economic inequality, that meet modern technological challenges and lead to improving the standards and quality of life of people and the sustainability of the state and society. The presented study is of high significance due to influence of the category “universal basic income”, practical forms, tools and mechanisms of its application on the essential aspects of the life of people, on the expected improvement in their standards and quality of life and the sustainability of the state and society. It will contribute to formation of the scientific, organizational, instrumental and documentary basis for implementation of pilot projects at the regional level, where transitional forms of universal basic income relevant to Russia can be tested. Testing UBI in Russia is of a particular relevance because of the widespread precarious employment, high poverty rates and excessive socio-economic inequality in our country.

Challenges in integrating component level technology and system level information from Ayurveda: Insights from NMR phytometabolomics and anti-HIV potential of select Ayurvedic medicinal plants

BackgroundInformation from Ayurveda meeting the analytical challenges of modern technology is an area of immense relevance. Apart from the cerebral task of bringing together two different viewpoints, the question at the pragmatic level remains ‘who benefits whom’. ObjectiveThe aim is to highlight the challenges in integration of information (Ayurvedic) and technology using test examples of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) metabolomics and anti-HIV-1 potential of select Ayurvedic medicinal plants. The other value added objective is implications and relevance of such work for Ayurveda. Materials and methodsSix medicinal plants (Azadirachta indica, Tinospora cordifolia, Swertia chirata, Terminalia bellerica, Zingiber officinale and Symplocos racemosa) were studied using high resolution proton NMR spectroscopy based metabolomics and also evaluated for anti-HIV-1 activity on three pseudoviruses (ZM53 M.PB12, ZM109F.PB4, RHPA 4259.7). ResultsOf the six plants, T. bellerica and Z. officinale showed minimum cell cytotoxicity and maximum anti-HIV-1 potential. T. bellerica was effective against all the three HIV-1 pseudoviruses. Untargeted NMR profiling and multivariate analyses demonstrated that the six plants, all of which had different Ayurvedic pharmacological properties, showed maximum differences in the aromatic region of the spectra. ConclusionThe work adds onto the list of potential plants for anti-HIV-1 drug molecules. At the same time, it has drawn attention to the different perspectives of Ayurveda and Western medicine underscoring the inherent limitations of conceptual bilinguism between the two systems, especially in the context of medicinal plants. The study has also highlighted the potential of NMR metabolomics in study of plant extracts as used in Ayurveda.

Traditional Craft or Technology Education: Development of Students’ Technical Abilities in Finnish Comprehensive School

Changes in the economy, nature, production and society together with increasing scientific and technological knowledge make demands of transforming school teaching in the field of technology education. The aim of the article is briefly to explore the integration between science, technology and traditional craft education by analyzing the current trends in Finnish technology education. Additionally, the research tried to explore, in a preliminary way, whether or not a curriculum which retains the traditional textile and technical crafts, or new technology education, would enhance technical abilities better? The data of the empirical part suggest that there was a difference between students’ who received education based on the traditional craft or technology education curriculum. The difference was mainly seen in technological knowledge and in attitudes towards technology. Hence, still much of the learning is focused on production skills, and approaches that are now dominant in craft education do not prepare students to meet the challenges of modern technology and working life.

Advanced study cases for numerical analysis

A course on Numerical Methods typically covers introductory topics in numerical analysis for students of engineering, science, mathematics, and computer science who have completed elementary calculus, linear algebra and matrix theory. The course is usually limited to exploring basic algorithms for solving traditional simple problems in sciences and engineering [1]. As a result, the students have become inadequately prepared to construct and explore more sophisticated algorithms of modern technological challenges. To reduce this gap, the author has offered a series of study cases, which provide concrete examples of the ways numerical methods lead to solutions of some scientific problems. The similar approach was promoted in [2].

Awareness Bound and Unbound: Realizing the Nature of Attention

This essay takes seriously the many Buddhist admonitions about ''not settling down in things'' and the importance of wandering freely ''without a place to rest.'' The basic thesis is that delusion (samsāra, ignorance) is awareness trapped (stuck), and liberation (nirvāna, enlightenment) is awareness freed from grasping. The familiar words ''attention'' and ''awareness'' are used to emphasize that the distinction being drawn refers not to some abstract metaphysical entity but simply to how our everyday awareness functions. This way of distinguishing between delusion and enlightenment is not only consistent with basic Buddhist teachings but gives us insight into some of the more difficult ones, such as the way karma works and the Mahāyāna claim that ''form is not other than emptiness, emptiness not other than form.'' Moreover, this perspective illuminates some aspects of our contemporary life-world, including the particular challenges of modern technology and economics. It is important to see the implications for some of the social issues that concern us today. The constriction or liberation of awareness is not only a personal matter. What do societies do to encourage or discourage its emancipation?

Interdisciplinary Mechatronics engineering and science: problem-solving, creative-thinking and concurrent design synergy

Mechatronics engineering science describes the interdisciplinary synergy of education, knowledge, thinking, way of work, practices, and professional skills. It is supported by strong engineering science foundation beyond traditional disciplinary boundaries and featured by open-ending learning chains with ability to fuse new knowledge and experiences through lifelong learning. Mechatronics focuses on the process of learning coupled with thinking and linked with actions rather than teaching, and fused with concurrent design synergy from the earliest conceptual stages of the design and development process. Efficient structure of a Mechatronics Engineering Degree programme should provide in-depth interdisciplinary knowledge and emphasise on individual- and team-based learning through problem- and project-based curriculum to fulfil the challenges of modern technology and the demand for innovation.

Relevance of Multiphase Reaction Engineering to Modern Technological Challenges

The purpose of this report is to summarize the lecture given at the joint CAMURE-6 and ISMR-5 international symposium in Pune, India, in January 2007. The emphasis is on the pivotal role that reaction engineering has to play in addressing modern technological challenges. First the global challenges of reducing the environmental impact of our technologies are considered. Then the role of multiphase reaction engineering in enabling efficient transfer of molecular-scale discoveries to more benign and sustainable processes is outlined. Typical scale-up methodologies are introduced, and research needed for their further improvement is discussed. Examples of the importance of proper scale-up are provided.

The Role Of Human Capital In The Competitive Platform Of South African Industries

The objective of this study was to investigate the role of human capital in the competitive platform of South African industries and to determine the ability of their human capital to address the challenges of modern technology and globalisation. Attention is given to the competitive strengths and investment opportunities, including the quality and availability of human resources, labour cost, level of education and skills, vocational and industry related training facility, work ethics, productivity, workplace regulations, as well as efficiency of the civil service; including productivity and competitiveness indexes. The study found that the level of human capital in South African industries is much higher than the general perception and not the worst element of South Africa’s competitive platform. The findings also indicated challenges, like absentees due to AIDS and other factors, a shortage of artisans and proficiency towards modern technology and innovation, which limits competitiveness.

Technological paternalism: on how medicine has reformed ethics and how technology can refine moral theory.

The objective of this article is to investigate ethical aspects of technology through the moral term "paternalism". The field of investigation is medicine. The reason for this is twofold. Firstly, "paternalism" has gained moral relevance through modern medicine, where physicians have been accused of behaving paternalistic and threatening patients' autonomy. Secondly, medicine is a brilliant area to scrutinise the evaluative aspects of technology. It is argued that paternalism is a morally relevant term for the ethics of technology, but that its traditional conception is not adequate to address the challenges of modern technology. A modification towards a "technological paternalism" is necessary. That is, "technological paternalism" is a fruitful term in the ethics of technology. Moreover, it is suited to point out the deficiencies of the traditional concept of paternalism and to reform and vitalise the conception of paternalism in ethics in order to handle the challenges of technology.

Zur Problematik des Verantwortungsbegriffes bei Hans Jonas

Abstract In his restitution of metaphysical founded ethics Hans Jonas replied to the challenges of modern technology. His reperception of the immanent teleology of nature tries to prevent the technological overkill. This article shows in opposition to Jonas the impossibility to deduct a moral obligation (>>Prinzip Verantwortung«) from the teleology of nature. Moreover in theological thoughts it is illegitime to talk obout a good nature in which men ought to incorporate themselves.