Modern Technical Means Research Articles

Sociological study of the digital culture of a university teacher (using the example of the Moscow State Linguistic University)

In the article, based on the study conducted by the sociological laboratory of the Moscow State Linguistic University (hereinafter referred to as MSLU), the essence and level of digital culture of a university teacher are determined, problematic areas of digitalisation of the educational process are identified, which require urgent measures to improve the current situation in the higher education system of the Russian Federation. The study has proved that the digital culture of the university teacher is their digital social competence formed in the course of professional activity as well as the driving force that determines the attitude towards the digitalisation of the educational process. The development level of the digital culture of a teacher at a linguistic university is below average. The majority of respondents have digital skills and use basic digital technologies in the learning process. The level of proficiency among teachers of the MSLU is comparable to the level of development of these skills among teachers at other Russian universities. At the same time, in terms of the level of competence in developing online courses and using their materials as additional educational material, teachers of the MSLU lag behind the all-Russian indicators. The main problematic areas of the digitalisation of the educational process are: low degree of equipment of audiences with modern technical means; low quality and availability of Internet communications on the territory of educational buildings; insufficient opportunities to improve the level of the digital culture of teaching staff in the field of modern digital technologies, etc.

Концепция использования современных технических средств при проведении обследования помещений, ограничивающего конституционное право человека и гражданина на неприкосновенность жилища

The article provides a systematic analysis of current legislation, generally accepted judicial practice and various doctrinal approaches to the legal regulation of public inspection of premises, which restricts the constitutional right of a person and citizen to inviolability of the home, and suggests ways to improve current legislation aimed at eliminating gaps in the legal regulation of the procedure for conducting this operational search event. As a result of the study, special powers of employees of operational units were noted when drawing up a protocol for the inspection of a home and using video and audio recordings, film and photography, as well as other technical and other means during this operational search event. The paper describes the legal regime and classification of unmanned aerial vehicles depending on the maximum take-off weight and type of ownership. Taking into account modern scientific and technical achievements, it is proposed to use a quadcopter using the following innovative methods when conducting a housing survey: video shooting, panoramic, nodal and detailed photography, “online broadcast”, three-dimensional modeling, modeling using artificial intelligence, digital protocol compilation and methods: photo and (or) video shooting using infrared and ultraviolet detectors, video shooting using gas analysis detectors, X-ray photography. The use of modern technical means in conducting a home survey will ensure objectivity, increase efficiency and guarantee high efficiency of this operational investigative measures.

دور الحكومة الرقمية في دعم النمو الاقتصادي للدول - دراسة حالة: دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة

The study aimed to identify the reality and future of implementing digital government in the United Arab Emirates, and its role in supporting the country’s economic growth. This is done by learning about the concept of digital government, its elements, and its importance, and then learning about the foundations of implementing digital government in the United Arab Emirates. The role of the digital government in enhancing the position of the United Arab Emirates regionally and internationally as a center for technical progress and e-commerce, and knowing the position of the United Arab Emirates in the relevant global competitiveness indicators through the use of the descriptive analytical approach and the case study approach. The study reached a set of results, the most important of which are: The contribution of the United Arab Emirates’ adoption of modern technology and its application to digital government in achieving the concept of leadership and innovation, and developing distinguished infrastructure, as the country has allocated large investments to support the information technology sector; This led it to become a regional center for information and communication technology services and industry, and created an attractive investment environment in the information technology sector, which enhanced the diversification of sources of income and increased the size of the gross domestic product and its dependence on non-oil sectors, as the percentage of increase in the gross domestic product reached 7.9%. Year 2022, these sectors, of all types, relied on a qualified infrastructure of technical development, which highlights the importance of the state adopting technical progress through digital government in supporting economic growth. Digital transformation in the United Arab Emirates also contributed to enhancing its competitiveness in the international system by occupying first place globally in 23 indicators in 2020 in multiple sectors, including communications, health, work, and residence, all of which fall within the digital transformation in the United Arab Emirates. The study recommended a set of recommendations, including the need to generalize the success of the United Arab Emirates’ experience in implementing the digital government project to Arab countries; this is due to the success of its application in the UAE and its role in facilitating and simplifying all procedures and services provided to customers. Its impact on reducing time and costs, and its role in attracting investments and promoting economic growth. In addition to continuing to build and strengthen the education system using modern technical means, which contributes to spreading the culture of information technology and preparing technically qualified educational personnel to deal with the requirements of technical development.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ И ПОЖАРНЫХ-СПАСАТЕЛЕЙ ПРИ ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИИ ЛЕСНЫХ ПОЖАРОВ В АРКТИЧЕСКОЙ ЗОНЕ

The article considers the problems on organization of safety of the population and fire-fighters-rescuers as a result of forest fires in the Arctic zone. It is connected with the scale and long-distance spread of forests, as well as with the conditions of harsh climate. On the example of the Republics of Karelia and Yakutia the statistics of forest fires for the period of the last six years is given. On the basis of the analysis of statistics of forest fires and causes of their occurrence the recommendations on increase of safety of the population and fire-fighters-rescuers at carrying out of actions on localization and liquidation of forest fires are formulated. They are reduced to strengthening of grouping in regions of the Arctic zone, improvement and equipping with modern technical means of protection and specialized equipment adequate to climatic conditions of the region, means of emergency evacuation of rescuers from critically dangerous zones.

An Overview of the Most Effective Technical Means Used for Various Military Engineering Mission, with Highlights on Their Interoperability

Abstract We could mention that currently we cannot speak, at the level of the NATO Alliance, of the existence of interoperability of engineering structures, from all partner armies, in terms of providing them with high-performance technical means, intended to ensure timely and efficient engineering support. This is based on the analysis we carried out on ensuring the interoperability of engineering structures participating in multinational missions and exercises, from the perspective of providing them with modern technical means, in order to fulfill the engineering support missions, after some exchanges with partners from Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and the multinational exercises that colonel Mircea VLADU led as director or co-director, between 2011 and 2013 in Romania, Hungary and Croatia. On these occasions, we were able to as certain that the engineering structures of the armies that were part of the Warsaw Treaty are predominantly equipped with technical engineering means from 80s, some purchased from the former USSR and others manufactured within their own defense industries, a situation that continued even after the integration of the respective states into NATO, as a result of the allocation of some percentages of the GDP, below the level of the commitments and at the same time the support with insufficient funds of the endowment proposals with efficient means, according to NATO standards. Considering these elements, we would like to further present some considerations aimed at equipping NATO engineering structures with the most efficient technical means for the execution of engineering research operations.

Modern material and technical support of the educational and training process in rowing at the stage of basic training

The article examines modern views on the training of rowing athletes, as well as the importance of using modern technical means in the training process. As a result of the literature analysis, it was found that when working with rowers at the stage of basic training, insufficient attention is paid to the operational analysis of information obtained during the training process. The relevance of this study is also due to the fact that the issue of the possibility of using modern technical means and portable devices by rowing athletes has not been covered in the scientific literature. The purpose of the work was to determine which technical means are used by rowers in the training process and to determine their priority in the opinion of the athletes themselves. The article describes the results of a questionnaire about the use of material and technical means and equipment in the training process of rowers aged 14-16 at the stage of basic training. It was found that the priority element of the training process according to the rowers is the material and technical base, namely: a gym, a modern paddle and special sports clothes. At the same time, the vast majority of respondents said they would like to be able to train with modern technical equipment such as wearables and GPS. Information from portable devices makes it possible to analyze the capabilities and physiological characteristics of athletes. This helps the athlete and coach to receive automatic feedback on how to improve personal results and prevent injuries. The use of portable devices in combination with modern inventory requires further research. In the future, we plan to develop a training program for rowers 14-16 y.o. with the use of portable devices in the training process.

ЦИФРОВІЗАЦІЯ ОСВІТНЬОГО ПРОЦЕСУ ЯК УМОВА РОЗВИТКУ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО МИСЛЕННЯ МАЙБУТНЬОГО ВИКЛАДАЧА

The article considers the importance of using modern technical means, which significantly improves the learning process. Ways to solve the problem of using modern information and communication technologies at various stages of the future teacher's professional activity are outlined. The subject specifics of the future teacher's professional activity make it possible to use modern communication tools at various stages of project implementation, combining technical tools with the latest educational technologies. Methodological features of ICT application during information search, project development, its assessment and self-assessment are highlighted. Variants of the appropriate use of publicly available computer programs and means of communication are offered in order to increase the professionalism of project implementation, optimize feedback between the teacher and subjects of study, and an innovative approach in the performance of complex tasks. It has been proven that the training of future teachers is effective on the basis of ICT (programming languages, ready-made software products, the Microsoft Office program package, cloud services, Internet resources, WEB-site), implemented in the educational process of special and psychological-pedagogical disciplines. The task of implementing ICT is to make the use of these technologies common and familiar in the activity of the teacher and become an integral, organic part of any lesson. At the same time, digital technologies also help in the implementation of scientific research work and guide students to practical activities. The results of the analysis of professional education in Ukraine and European countries show that digital educational technologies are the basis of the training of modern future teachers. The article notes that the process of personality development of the future teacher and his professional thinking increases the level of professional maturity, so he needs to realize the importance of using digital educational resources in his work.

Метод автоматического детектирования характерных точек пульсовой волны

The high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) requires the development of new methods for their timely preliminary diagnosis. One of the promising approaches in this direction is the analysis of photoplethysmogram (PPG). The article presents an algorithmic method of digital processing of the PPG signal for automatic determination of the position of characteristic points on the pulse wave. This task is relevant, as amplitude and time characteristics of the location of characteristic points allow obtaining information about the state of the cardiovascular system (CVS). The developed method is characterised by low sensitivity to the variability of the signal shape due to the application of differentiation and interpolation procedures. The proposed solution can be used for creation of modern technical means of preliminary diagnostics of CVS.

ROBOTIC EQUIPMENT OF THEATER STAGES

Background. The topic of the article is timely. Many interesting and technically quite feasible ideas in equipping the stage were not implemented in the theater due to the lack of direct groundwork and limited time resources. Problem statement. Generalization of the latest experience in the field of theatrical machinery requires raising the issue to the level of an interdisciplinary scientific direction based on mechanics, mechatronics and robotics. Purpose. The need to implement the increasingly complex ideas of performance directors in a modern theater requires the improvement of demonstration equipment, primarily theatrical machinery based on new scientific achievements and modern technical means of mechanization and automation. Research methods. Special stage robots can have a very different appearance, for example, they can be zoomorphic or anthropomorphic, but while maintaining the style of constructivism, they can have a man-made appearance. Such robots can perform complex movements, while they usually have numerous moving parts with independent drives. To provide flexible motion control capabilities with a focus on spectator perception, it is required to use microprocessor control with coordination from central control computers. Results. When setting requirements for such a technique, the orientation towards visual perception is specific, which is also used in demonstration robotics. Based on the scientific generalization of previous and new experience in creating technical equipment for theatrical productions of large theaters, the paper describes and characterizes typical tasks of creating and working out a scientific base for creating modern and promising equipment for theatrical productions based on general principles and practical methods of mechanics, mechatronics and robotics.

Research on the Reform of Music Literacy Teaching in Musicology and Art Management Major

The music literacy teaching of music art management is of great significance in the development of the modern music industry. However, the traditional teaching model can no longer meet the needs of students and the requirements of the industry. Therefore, this article has carried out a reform and research on the teaching of music literacy in music and art management. Through the introduction of practical projects, off-campus internships and modern technical means, students can apply the theoretical knowledge they have learned to practical situations and cultivate the ability to solve problems and innovate. This kind of practical teaching can not only improve students' practical operation and management ability, but also cultivate teamwork awareness and technical application ability. Through the implementation of these reform strategies, we can expect to cultivate music art management professionals with more comprehensive literacy and practical ability to contribute to the development of the music field.

Экологические аспекты организации традиционного природопользования в ресурсодобывающем регионе

The purpose of the study is to develop a set of recommendations on preventive measures to organize balanced traditional environmental management in the resource-extracting region. The authors develop recommendations basing on the procedure for identifying environmental aspects. They present environmental aspects as one of the concepts of the international environmental management system and reflect the impact consequences of the activities of indigenous peoples on the environment. The research object as a resource-extracting region is the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area. The authors investigate the trends in the development of traditional environmental management associated with the active inclusion of this economy sector in the region economic activity and the use of modern technologies and the transformation of the centuries-old way of life of indigenous peoples. In this context, traditional activity is no longer considered simply as a way of providing the basic living needs of the indigenous population, but as a production activity, the management of which requires a procedure for identifying environmental aspects in accordance with the methodology of the national standard of the environmental management system GOST R ISO 14001-2016. The identified environmental aspects are ranked depending on the degree of impact and seasonality on a four-point scale. According to the analysis results, reindeer husbandry is currently a type of traditional activity that requires control and implementation of measures in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area. Other activity types, such as fishing and hunting, require control, while the collection of wild plants and the use of modern technical means of communication are in the zone of influence that does not affect the environment. Based on the analysis, the authors have developed recommendations for the organization of traditional environmental management in the resource-extracting region.

Formation of Practical Readiness of Future Officers to organize Forms of Physical Training with Servicemen of different age groups

According to the results of the analysis of the scientific and methodical literature, it was established that an insufficient number of scientific and methodical works are devoted to the actual issue of the formation of theoretical knowledge and practical skill s of the organization of the physical training system with the future subordinate staff by those obtaining higher education of higher military educational institutions.
 The main goal of the study is to develop organizational and pedagogical conditions for the formation of practical training of future officers in the direction of their organization of forms of physical training with an emphasis on the use of modern technical means of training and fitness technologies.
 As a result of theoretical research, we have developed organizational and pedagogical formations of practical training of future officers in the direction of their organization of forms of physical training (with an emphasis on the use of modern technical means of training and fitness technologies) with future subordinate personnel. We expect that the introduction of the proposed organizational and pedagogical conditions into the system of physical and special physical training of the representatives of the studied category will contribute to the formation of theoretical knowledge and practical skills of organizing forms of physical training with servicemen of different age groups (categories). In addition, in the future it is possible for future officers to organize occupational therapy activities with military personnel of various categories after treatment of injuries, illnesses, and wounds.

Monitoring and methods for seed quality assessment using modern technical means and digital technologies

The problems of the state and development of digitalization of agricultural technology management, problems in the development of digital innovations in agricultural enterprises and ways to solve them at the present stage are reviewed in the study, based on reviews of scientific publications by Russian scientists and information from Internet resources, examines. Development of geo-information for crop production: electronic maps of fields, equipment monitoring systems, complexes for designing technologies for crops growing, databases of conditions and functions of agricultural landscapes (books on the fields history), methods for seed quality assessment using modern tools and technologies have been introduced.

The use of modern technical means to study the behavior of visitors in the museum

Since the first half of the 20th century, museums have been conducting the first systematic studies on the peculiarities of visitors’ behavior when familiarizing themselves with the exposition. In the history of the issue of studying the museum audience in Russia over the past hundred years, three key periods can be distinguished. Such milestones in Russia were the 1920–1930s, the 1960–1970s and the 1990–2000s. Museum research at these points in history is distinguished by the most significant scientific results. Today museum sociology is gaining momentum, as in the last decade the visitor is viewed as a consumer who puts forward requests, thereby forming the vector of the museum’s development. In order to get to know your target audience better, it is no longer enough to use only traditional methods of studying your visitor. When studying, it is also necessary to apply new technological means that allow obtaining more reliable data. The purpose of the author of the article: to describe new technical means (eyetracking, video analytics, heat maps) and their possibilities in the process of studying the museum audience. In the article, the author also describes a number of advantages of using modern technical means in studying the behavior of visitors. The author also examines the domestic and foreign experience of popular museums that have already used modern technological means to study their audience. As a result of his research, the author comes to the conclusion that only an integrated approach, which is expressed in a combination of traditional methods of study and the use of modern technical means, allows you to get more accurate data and find out the true needs of visitors.

КАЧЕСТВО ВОСПРИЯТИЯ УЧЕБНОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ СТУДЕНТАМИ НА ЗАНЯТИЯХ НАЧЕРТАТЕЛЬНОЙ ГЕОМЕТРИИ И ИНЖЕНЕРНОЙ ГРАФИКИ

This article is devoted to the analysis of the quality of perception of educational information in the lessons of descriptive geometry and engineering graphics at the State Agrarian University of the Northern Urals. The problems related to the level of initial knowledge of students, which affect the successful assimilation of educational material, are considered. The article suggests effective methods of work in the classroom aimed at developing communication skills, productive speech skills and increasing motivation to study the subject. Special attention in this topic is paid to the use of interactive techniques and modern technical means and information and communication technologies in the educational process. The results of the study show that the use of the proposed methods and tools contributes to a more successful assimilation of educational material and increases the motivation of students to study the subject. The difficulty of obtaining a high-quality education currently lies in the adaptation of future engineering specialists to the introduction into the educational environment of the university and in the study of new subjects that were not in the basic school curriculum. Depending on the speed of the student's adaptation to the educational process in higher educational institutions, the result will be obtained from studying this discipline, which provides for listening, recording and performing drawings of lecture material using a computer. And also perform practical work in a special workbook, take time to prepare for classes on your own. Currently, there is an opinion that the discipline of descriptive geometry has no practical value in connection with the development of computer technology and the apparatus of linear algebra, but the activities of specialists in the field of science and production refute this statement: It is indispensable as an integral part of general engineering education in mechanical engineering and construction specialties.

POLITICAL ACTIVITY AND VOTERS TRUST IN THE DIGITALIZATION OF THE ELECTORAL PROCESS

The role of the state in the formation of trust institutions is undeniable, but in practice we have to face a number of difficulties. The introduction of new mechanisms and tools for electronic voting leads to the transformation of familiar algorithms in the electoral system. These changes inevitably affect all participants in the electoral process. This study is the result of a long discussion among many scholars and practitioners about the impact of electronic voting on voters' political engagement and trust in the voting process. The purpose of the study is to analyze the indicators of political activity (turnout) of voters as one of the criteria of the level of their confidence in modern technical means of counting votes - ballot processing complexes (BPCs). The object of the study is the electoral system of the Leningrad region in the context of electoral campaigns from 2014 to 2020, grouped by level: federal, regional and local elections. The main method is content analysis of scientific publications and mass media, normative analysis of legal acts, subsequent comparative and cross-system analysis of the information obtained. The experience of using BPCs presented in the article can be assessed both positively and negatively. The practice of using means of fixed electronic voting demonstrates a positive trend and opens a wide space for further digitalization of the electoral process, especially given the high "digital readiness" of the Russian population. A regularity was observed in the decrease of voter turnout at polling stations where BPCs were used for the first time. With further operation, the situation evens out due to the "habituation" of participants in the electoral process to the digital formats of elections. Because of the low overall level of trust in the institution of elections, any innovation in the electoral system leads to significant changes in routine processes and requires careful study and time for gradual implementation and adaptation.

Typical methods of illegal manufacturing, processing or repair of firearms and other weapons

The scientific publication is dedicated to finding out the typical methods of committing the crime provided for in Art. 263 1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, as a fundamental element of its criminalistic characteristics. It was established that the main methods of committing the investigated crime are active actions regarding firearms, ammunition, explosives or explosive devices: manufacturing, processing, removing markings, changing markings. Attention is focused on the fact that most of the methods of committing the specified crimes are fully structured, that is, they have the stages of preparation, commission and concealment. It is noted that the actions covered by the features of the specified crime are often a separate link in a chain of elaborately planned criminal activities related to the illegal trafficking of weapons, ammunition, explosives or explosive devices. Tendencies to improve and modernize methods of illegal manufacture, processing, or repair of weapons items were identified: high-tech processing, manufacturing using modern technical means; use of reference information, purchase of individual structural mechanisms, parts for weapons items through Internet sites; use of masking agents.

Рецензія на монографію «Сучасні радіаційно-ядерні загрози: навчальний посібник»

The study guide "Modern Radiation-Nuclear Threats" examines issues of radiation-nuclear threats at the current stage of human development (characteristics of the phenomenon of radioactivity and ionizing radiation, descriptions of nuclear warheads, damage factors of a nuclear explosion, radiation terrorism and radiation weapons, radiation-nuclear accidents at nuclear power plants etc). Features of the biological action of ionizing radiation (primary and secondary radiobiological effects, stochastic and deterministic effects, chronic radiation sickness) are described. Data are provided on the prospects for the development of nuclear energy in Ukraine. Modern technical means for assessing the degree of radiation-nuclear threat were considered separately: military dosimetric devices, dosimetric devices of the State Emergency Service and devices used in atomic energy were characterized. Issues of interdepartmental cooperation in the field of prevention and response to radiation and nuclear threats in Ukraine were considered. The study guide is intended for students, intern doctors and students of higher medical educational institutions of Ukraine and post-graduate medical education institutions. The study guide is drawn up in accordance with the requirements of the Program for the Training of Citizens of Ukraine under the Program for the Training of Reserve Officers of the Medical Service, the module "Military Toxicology, Radiology and Medical Protection" for applicants of the first (bachelor's) level of knowledge 22 "Health Care" in the specialties "Medical business", "Dentistry", "Pediatrics", "Pharmacy" and the second (master's) level of knowledge 22 "Health care" for military accounting specialties "Medical business", "Dentistry", "Pharmacy".

A Practical Study on Developing Blended Teaching in Principles of Electric Circuits Course Based on Applied Talent Cultivation Mode

With the progress of society and the development of science and technology, the cultivation of applied talents in higher education has become more and more important. To better cultivate application-oriented talents, it is necessary to combine traditional face-to-face teaching and modern technical means to carry out blended teaching as a new teaching mode. In the electronic information class majors, the Principles of Circuits course plays an important role in students' ability to master circuit design and analysis. In this regard, this paper will discuss the strategy of blended teaching in the Principles of Circuits course based on the application-oriented talent cultivation mode, which provides certain references and references for the teaching reform of higher education.

Moodle calculated questions as a means of testing knowledge and skills

Problem statement. Fraud in the conduct of computer testing is a significant risk factor for incorrect assessment of learning outcomes. Modern technical means (smartphones, smart watches, etc.) allow test-takers to freely use the database of correct answers to the test tasks created during the preparation for the exam or purchased on the side of the database during the control. This circumstance reduces the reliability of computer testing. Methodology. Among the types of testing questions offered by Moodle, calculated tasks with the ability to program the correct answer and random number generators for generating initial data stand out. Such tasks, while maintaining the meaning, allow you to create an almost unlimited number of options for initial data and correct answers. The numerical answer entered from the keyboard is compared with the calculated correct value and a decision is made on the assessment. The capabilities of the built-in programming language of the correct answer, in particular, are limited by the absence of a conditional operator, which narrows the range of possible tasks to be solved. Results. The authors, using the declarative principle of programming, proposed sequences of statements in the built-in programming language of the Moodle computed question that implement the traditional if statement. The proposed method allows you to expand the capabilities of the programming language built into the question, but does not make it universal due to the lack of loop operators. Another type of Moodle test item, “Formulas”, is mentioned. Known methods of its programming provide even more opportunities for creating task options. The results of the experiment are presented. Conclusion. The use of calculated tasks with random input data will reduce the number of cases of fraud during computer testing and will allow, in some cases, to test not only knowledge, but also skills.