Modern Organization Theory Research Articles

Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation and Sustainability of Community Development Projects in Kitui West Constituency, Kenya

There are significant challenges faced by project managers in Kitui west constituency when it comes to implementing sustainable projects, in particular, the Community Level Infrastructure Development Program was aimed at promoting equitable development across the entire constituency through implementing small scale infrastructure projects. However, there was a partial or no realization of the envisaged benefits. The aim of this study was therefore be to assess the impact on sustainability for Community Development Projects in Kitui West Constituency, Kenya from Participatory Monitoring and Evaluation. The study was based on theory of sustainability, the ladder of participation, stakeholder theory, modern organizational theory and real assessment theory. Research was conducted using a descriptive design for this study. 10 projects that have been operational within 2016 - 2021 was the target population of this study. The researcher targeted 87 respondents comprising of 20 project management committee and 67 constituency development committee members. The study conducted a census of 87 respondents. The study sample size was 10 projects with 87 respondents. For the purpose of collecting data in this study, a questionnaire was used. The study tested the instruments in Kitui central constituency involving 8 respondents. Research instruments were assessed for content, face, and criterion validity. Reliability was measured using Cronbach’s alpha. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation, regression). Results, shown in tables and figures, indicated that community engagement, capacity building, resource use, and communication positively impacted project sustainability. The study concludes that involving community members in project planning, implementation, and evaluation fosters ownership and empowerment. The study recommends that the constituency should involve community members in the planning and decision-making processes is crucial which can be achieved through community meetings, workshops, and focus group discussions where residents can voice their needs, priorities, and ideas.

Development of Internationalization Process Model of Thai Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Emerging Markets: A Study of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS)

According to modern organizational theory, the growth of companies in developing nations is due to the coming together of public and private sector interorganizational networks and globalization. Within an open system and a very dynamic environment, a corporation cannot work autonomously. Here are the objectives of the study: The goals of this research are threefold: first, to learn how Thai SMEs expanded into BRICS countries; second, to find out what kinds of inter-organizational networks Thai SMEs relied on when going global; and third, to give some advice to Thai SMEs that want to expand internationally in BRICS and to the Thai government on how to set up management networks that help with investment and internationalization. Documentary analysis of the database from the office of small and medium enterprise promotion and in-depth interviews were among the qualitative approaches employed in this study. This study examined 76 individuals from Thailand who were considered significant informants due to their extensive understanding of developing markets, namely those in the BRICS countries. A total of 63 executives responsible for overseeing their businesses' activities in the BRICS nations, together with 10 operational officers and 3 government officials, were chosen as key informants. In order to get trustworthy information for this study, the researcher used the triangulation method. Executives and government officials with operational responsibilities inside government agencies were interviewed in-depth, and their data was cross-referenced with that from pertinent papers. Thai SMEs were affected by the BRICS countries' political, legal, and socio-cultural frameworks, according to the study. Companies in the BRICS countries went global for three main reasons: to tap into untapped markets, to boost operational efficiency, and to secure access to critical resources. For Thai SMEs looking to grow their business in BRICS nations, the following factors were crucial to their success: 1) The network between different organizations; 2) the capacity to adjust to political and legal changes in BRICS countries; 3) non-formal ties; 4) the capability of local employees; 5) the appropriateness of the entrance method approach; and 6) knowledge gained from past mistakes.

Next generation smart system: 4-layer modern organization and activity theory for a new paradigm perspective

This research article discusses a new paradigm in smart system development using the 4-layer framework and activity theory from the perspectives of ontology, epistemology, and axiology. The study aims to understand how this paradigm can influence the development of smart systems and provide insights into its theoretical and practical implications. The 4-layer modern system comprises instrumentation, information systems, business intelligence, and gamification, which are the core components of a smart system. Each layer plays a crucial role in data collection, information processing, business analysis, and gamification implementation at the top layer. The integration of these layers forms a solid foundation for the development of efficient and innovative smart systems. In addition, activity theory is utilized to analyze the interactions among users, technology, and the environment within the context of smart systems. From an ontology standpoint, this research views smart systems as complex socio-technical entities involving human, technological, and process aspects. In terms of epistemology, a multidisciplinary approach is employed to combine knowledge from areas such as computer science, information systems, and human-computer interaction. In the realm of axiology, this study recognizes the ethical values and social implications that must be considered in the development and implementation of smart systems. By integrating the new smart system paradigm using the 4-layer modern systems and activity theory, this research contributes to the understanding of the dynamics and development potential of smart systems. The results of this study can provide guidance for practitioners, researchers, and decision-makers in developing more effective, efficient, and user-oriented smart systems in various contexts.

Implementasi Teori Organisasi Berbasis Nilai Spiritual Islami dalam Praktik Pendidikan

The implementation of Islamic spiritual values-based organizational theory in educational practices is an interesting concept to be used as a guideline in managing educational institutions. This concept combines modern organizational theory principles with Islamic spiritual values to create a quality, conducive, and dignified learning environment. This article discusses the basic concepts of organizational theory, the principles of Islamic spiritual values-based organizational theory, as well as education practices based on Islamic spiritual values. In addition, this article also explains the benefits of implementing Islamic spiritual values-based organizational theory in educational practices, such as producing students with strong character, improving the moral quality of students, increasing students' social awareness, enhancing teaching effectiveness, increasing teacher job satisfaction, and improving the reputation of educational institutions. By applying the concept of Islamic spiritual values-based organizational theory in educational practices, educational institutions can improve the quality of education, create a conducive learning environment, and produce a generation with strong character and high moral qualities.

Bloom's Taxonomy Approach to Cognitive Space Using Classic Test Theory and Modern Theory

Bloom's Taxonomy is an operational verb (KKO) developed by Benyamin S. Bloom, with the aim of developing education which includes cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects. The aim of this research is Bloom's Taxonomy Approach To Cognitive Space Using Classic Test Theory And Modern Theory. KKO is needed by a teacher, lecturer or facilitator or trainer to make a syllabus and Learning Implementation Plan (RPP). The Classical Theory Test is one of the test models that is still quite useful today which is still used in research to describe an error in measurement that can affect the observed score. This classical test theory is also an attempt to explain errors in a measurement. While the modern theory test is called the system analysis theory or open theory which combines classical and neoclassical theory. Modern organizational theory sees that all elements of an organization are interdependent and inseparable. The research method uses literature review, namely by collecting data techniques looking for materials from journals, books and from the internet (google, google scholar) and others. The results of the research show that data processing uses classical theory tests and modern theories, variations and modifications are obtained that can develop knowledge in the research field.

Resource Management in Middle East and North African Region

Purpose: The paper explores the human resources management (HRM) practices, especially In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) areas, the research focuses on employee motivation, training, development, process improvement, and reward. To assist businesses in the MENA area recruit and retain talent, the report details the elements that might have an influence on HR policies and strategies in the region. 
 Methodology: Review of related and relevant literature was conducted, with emphasis on the HRM practices in MENA region with the thematic analysis and systematic literature review approach. This can be done with the implication of secondary sources of information to make this study evident as per the opinions of different authors. 
 Findings: The paper's secondary findings show that developing and transitioning economies have a hard time attracting and maintaining top personnel. The quality of the application of HRM practices and strategies in MENA firms was shown to be influenced by a number of variables. These were changes in economic environment, changes in technology, and changes in national economy. To help organizations in MENA region address these complex issues, the paper presented recommendations focusing on the improvement of the internal environment of the organizations and establishment of risk management plans to manage uncertain external factors that impact an organization.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social exchange theory, Modern organization theory and institutional theory are some important perspectives that are used in this research article which helps in presenting the importance of employees and their effective contribution to manage HRM practices and workplace decorum effectively. Additionally, the paper primarily explores the different complex issues surrounding the HRM practices in MENA region. To do so, the market environment of the region was studied. By doing so, the unique organizational and business settings of the MENA region are analyzed. Using this method, for instance, researchers discovered that despite the MENA region's wealth, its governments lack the sound financial planning necessary to put their money to work improving the corporate performance of their nation. Also, there are variety of Human resource management theories and frameworks like Maslow Hierarchy theory of motivation can be used for further purposes in other studies that basically contributes and engage large number of employees towards organizational goals.

APPLYING MODERN ORGANIZATION THEORIES IN BUILDING CURRENT PARTY LEADERSHIP METHODS

Organization theory is a system of rules for studying organizational structure and design. Modern organizational theories have made an important contribution to promoting the development of the fields of economics, politics, culture, science, especially organizational science in the modern world. To improve the science and efficiency, Party building organization work must innovate thinking, strengthen research, study, and application of organizational science to each aspect of work: building organizational apparatus, Build a team of officials and party members, innovate the Party's leadership methods in today's new conditions. The article systematically focuses on some development achievements of organizational science and proposes to apply it to the work of organizing and building the Party, specifically building the leadership method of the Communist Party of Vietnam today, at the same time. At the same time, it contributes to supplementing learning materials for lecturers, students and lecturers when researching organizational work.

Global Environment and Local Governments: Global Norms, Policy Adoption, and Local Diffusion

This article investigates a central question in modern organization theory, how organizations adapt to environmental changes by examining the diffusion of environmental ordinances among Korean local governments, 1995 to 2016. There are two waves in the diffusion; ‘Environment Basic Ordinance (1996-2007)’ and ‘Green Growth Ordinance (2010-2013).’ We argue that Korean local governments have increasingly become autonomous and accountable actors that respond to diversified stimulus from surrounding environments, while also concerning about their own needs and capacity. Hence, in adopting ‘Green Growth Ordinances,’ competitively adopted in the 2010s, Korean local governments considered more factors than they had done for ‘Environment Basic Ordinances.’ Employing event history analysis, we find empirical support for this argument. By comparing the diffusion pattern of the two environmental ordinances, this paper traces changing mechanisms of local environmental governance as well as policy diffusion among Korean local governments.

Imagination, Self‐Knowledge, and Poise: Jim March’s Lessons for Leadership

AbstractJames G. March was a founding father of modern organization theory, and arguably its most eclectic scholar. His elegant writings, which were underpinned by a behavioural view of organizations, spanned ambiguity and choice, rationality and decision‐making, organizational change, organizational learning, and institutional theory, among others. In this editorial, we remember Jim March by reflecting on his lessons for leadership. It is structured into three parts, each portraying a key aspect of contemporary leadership: imagination, self‐knowledge, and poise. March believed that these qualities were essential to leadership, and he embodied them to the fullest.

Transcendence, Consciousness and Order: Towards a Philosophical Spirituality of Organization in the Footsteps of Plato and Eric Voegelin

There is an evident lack of rigorous frameworks for making sense of the role and status of spirituality and religion in organizations and organizing, in particular from the perspective of spiritual philosophies of the social. This paper suggests that the philosophy of Plato and his modern follower, political theorist Eric Voegelin could offer a viable perspective for understanding organizational spirituality in its metaphysical, political and ethical contexts. Essential for such a philosophical reflection is the postulation of the transcendental realm as the ultimate reality that provides the fullest templates for order, knowledge and ethicality. It is argued, in the footsteps of Voegelin, that modern organizations and modern organization theory should seek to re-awaken the lost experiences of the divine Beyond by re-animating religious symbols and myths of transcendence as devices for a spiritually opened consciousness.

Making Sense of Sensemaking Process in the Face of Different Types of Organizational Environment

Modern organization theory suggests that external environment is central to the organizational phenomena. Similarly, since its prologue by Karl Weick, sensemaking has been widely used to describe organizational actors and processes. Despite this significance of both constructs and their suggested interwoven occurrence in organizational landscape, sensemaking processes in the face of different types of organizational environments have not been studied. The present article makes two contributions in this regard. It furnishes a framework to describe which form of sensemaking is useful in given organizational environment. In doing so, it also attempts to bridge the gap between two strands of sensemaking research – one that tend to use sensemaking framework for describing organizational phenomenon, and the other which is adding new constructs, especially related to temporal and ontological dimensions, in sensemaking research. Propositions have been furnished for future research in this area.

Motivators of MBWA and Communicational Factors behind Them: A Case Study on a Korean Shipyard

This study was conducted with a team of senior managers at a Korean shipyard in an effort to elicit particular motivators for implementing management by walking around (MBWA). To identify the key motivators and communication issues associated with them, a theoretical framework was produced based on the key tensions of social psychology of communication and upward communication as well as modern organizational theories. For this qualitative research analysis, 12 semi-structured interviews were conducted face-to-face with the executives; the data were then supplemented by five field observations during MBWAs at the shipyard. Coding frame was used to organize modal salient themes for thematic analysis. The organizational and individual motivators identified were then analyzed in-depth to elicit communicational factors underlying these motivators. While identifying 10 salient motivators as organizing themes, the research concludes that MBWA is a contingent management strategy intended to promote upward communication within organizations.

A systems approach to forensic science applied in the military domain

Forensic science is undertaken in support of law enforcement investigations, criminal justice prosecutions, intelligence, and military objectives. There are different forensic operating models to meet these various objectives and no unified approach to forensic science has been described. There are common challenges in the military domain, which impacts the delivery of forensic science, including: different terminology between organizations, complex operating environments, operating siloes, inward-looking military structures, quality management, and resource constraints. One solution to these challenges is to apply modern organizational theory to military-focused forensic science. Organizational theory is the study of organizations in a structural sense, including objectives, people, structure and management. The modern organizational theory systems approach describes how organizations should be viewed as systems within larger systems. In the work presented in this paper, a systems approach has been applied, for the first time, to military forensic exploitation to address the common issues faced by military organizations. The advantages of applying a systems approach to military forensic exploitation are that it is applicable across forensic science organizations, it is flexible and scalable to meet the changing external environment, and it articulates the redundancies in the system to help address system failures.

Collective decision making in complex systems

This paper aims to offer arguments in support of epistemic value of collective decision-making, as well as to identify factors that contribute to its success. Given that this form of decision-making is present in various fields of human action, we will present the parallels between decision-making in the economic organizations and in democratic theory. Noting the similarities in the development of decision-making theory in those two areas and the general shift from individual to collective cognitive competencies, we will argue that the specific insights of organizational theory came should be applied to democratic decision-making if we are to improve it. More specifically, we will argue that the Page?s cognitive model of collective decision-making, that came from modern organizational theory, based on the logic of diversity, can well be justified and applied to the democratic, especially deliberative institutions for solving political problems.

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS: MANAGEMENT MODEL APPROACH

Modern organization theory considers emotional intelligence as the index of competencies that help organizations to develop a vision for competitiveness. It also allows organizational leaders to enthusiastically commit to the vision, and energize organizational members to achieve the vision. To maximize competiveness organizations use models to simplify and clarify thinking, to identify important aspects, to suggest explanations and to predict consequences, and explore other performance areas that would otherwise be hidden in an excess of words. The survey research design was used to explore the relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational competitiveness. The study found that emotional intelligence has strong positive relationship with organizational competitiveness

A Model of Regulatory Alignment to Enhance the Long-Term Care Survey Process in a Veterans Health Care Network.

Regulatory oversight aims to promote quality of care in US nursing homes. A survey of long-term care (LTC) inspection practices in a Veterans Administration network in 2006 revealed great variability in monitoring and reporting processes, with opportunities for improvement. Modern organization theory and the PARIHS Implementation Framework provide a model for process improvement to enhance oversight for LTC facilities. Over a 3-year time frame, 6 facility inspection teams utilized a modified Delphi approach to arrive at and adopt a standardized structured inspection process. In the 2 districts where 10 facility contracts were terminated for quality deficits identified as a result of process improvement, Star Ratings of approved facilities improved (3.2 to 3.3). The 10 facilities terminated had a mean rating of 1.2 (0.48) (t = 3.87, P < .01). Standardization of a structured LTC inspection process enhances organizational oversight and may contribute to improved quality of care.

Just-in-time: organizing the Lakota Sun Dance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the organizing practices of a Lakota Sun Dance, and to contribute to the literature on rituals and ceremonies in organizational culture. Design/methodology/approach – The researcher acted as participant-as-observer during this extended ceremony. Fieldnotes capturing observations and informal interviews with Lakota elders were the source of data as recording devices were not permitted on the Sun Dance grounds. Observations were conducted for approximately 45 hours over the course of five days. Findings – The Lakota Sun Dance can be understood through organizational theory, particularly through a unique integration of the concepts of agency, loosely coupled systems, and just-in-time organizing. The current research highlights the role of agency in organizational ceremonies. Originality/value – This research offers a thick description of the organizing practices of an extended Lakota ceremony. The integration of traditional Lakota organizing principles with modern organizational theory is absent from the literature, and offers a unique perspective on organizing from a non-Western perspective.

Developing compassionate leadership in health care: an integrative review.

Compassionate health care is universally valued as a social and moral good to be upheld and sustained. Leadership is considered pivotal for enabling the development and preservation of compassionate health care organizations. Strategies for developing compassionate health care leadership in the complex, fast-moving world of today will require a paradigm shift from the prevalent dehumanizing model of the organization as machine to one of the organizations as a living complex adaptive system. It will also require the abandonment of individualistic, heroic models of leadership to one of shared, distributive, and adaptive leadership. “Command and control” leadership, accompanied by stifling regulation, rigid prescriptions, coercive punishments, and/or extrinsic rewards, infuses fear into the system with consequent disempowerment and disunity within the workforce, and the attrition of innovation and compassion. It must be eschewed. Instead, leadership should be developed throughout the organization with collective holistic learning strategies combined with high levels of staff support and engagement. Culture and leadership are interdependent and synergistic; their codevelopment needs to be grounded in a sophisticated, scientifically based account of human nature held within a coherent philosophical framework reflected by modern organizational and leadership theories. Developing leadership for compassionate care requires acknowledging and making provision for the difficulties and challenges of working in an anxiety-laden context. This means providing appropriate training and well-being programs, sustaining high levels of trust and mutually supportive interpersonal connections, and fostering the sharing of knowledge, skills, and workload across silos. It requires enabling people to experiment without fear of reprisal, to reflect on their work, and to view errors as opportunities for learning and improvement. Tasks and relational care need to be integrated into a coherent unity, creating space for real dialog between patients, clinicians, and managers, so that together they can cocreate ways to flourish in the context of illness and dying.

Organization Theory and the Study of European Union Institutions: Lessons and Opportunities

Most scholarship in modern organization theory maintains a near-exclusive focus on private-sector settings. In contrast, this article argues that complex public-sector organizational systems – such as the European Union (EU) – can provide a very relevant laboratory to both fine-tune organization theoretical propositions and test them empirically. I first draw attention to the value-added of organization theory for the study of EU institutions. Then, I turn to these institutions’ capacity to present a springboard for theoretical development in organization theory, and bring forward a number of avenues for further research on the intersection of EU studies and organization theory that can push forward both research fields.

Profiling organizational culture of different sectors in Pakistan

Organizational Culture is gaining importance in the modern organization theory and research. Mangers are more emphasizing to understand the culture and climate of their organization to enhance the effectiveness and productivity of the organization. Organizational development practitioners and change management flag bearers harmoniously favoring to comprehend the culture of any organization for any kind of change or transformation. Organizational Culture Profile (OCP) provides the basic tool to analyze and figure out the type and nature of cultural stream of any organization. The OCP helps to create the cultural-profile of the organization through a survey of the employees. This study encompasses the applicability of OCP in various organizations of different sectors of Pakistan. An extensive research survey conducted in eight different sectors to collect the primary data to identify the dominant cultural aspect of these sectors. The research study is conducted in banking, insurance, pharmaceuticals, hospitals, manufacturing, textile, media and other service sectors. The analyses reveal that these sectors have their own specific dominant cultural trait and there are different dominant factors in each cultural type. Hospitals have ‘social responsibility’ as the salient characteristic, while banking and insurance have ‘performance orientation’ and ‘emphasis on reward’ as the key cultural indicators to prevail in this sector. Interestingly ‘innovation’ is found as the lowest priority in all organizational-sectors of Pakistan. The study reveals further interesting statistics and provides the insight into the organizations. This study is useful for managers, leaders and other consultants who are interested to understand the local organizational culture to transform these organizations and enhance their effectiveness. It will also provide a base to those researchers who are interested to develop a profile of their organization or any specific sector.