Modern Laboratory Research Articles

Peculiarities of identification of persons who died during martial law (literature review)

Identification of dead persons in forensic medical practice is key one during the martial law in Ukraine. Nowadays, when new research methods and modern laboratory and instrumental equipment appear, there is a need to improve forensic diagnostics during the identification of unknown persons. The goal was to establish the peculiarity of the identification of dead persons during martial law, to provide practical recommendations for the selection and extraction of biological material during forensic medical examinations of corpses. The reliability of the results and conclusions is ensured by the use of general scientific empirical and theoretical research methods. With the help of the general scientific methods of research (analysis, synthesis, generalization), scientific and informational literary sources by the subject of research are characterized. The level of problematic issues in the profile information was determined and recommendations for solving problematic aspects related to the identification of dead persons were provided. A systematic approach to solving problematic issues made it possible to formulate conclusions to achieve the set goal. The necessity of training experts in the peculiarities of material selection for further DNA identification is substantiated. The need to provide forensic medical experts with the necessary consumables and equipment, as well as urgent revision of the normative acts regulating their activities, has been proven. The features of identification of putrefied persons are characterized, which consist in the possibility of DNA extraction from smears from the wall of the aorta, the wall of the urinary bladder, brain tissue and intact teeth. It is proven that the identification of dead persons during the martial law is complicated by the influence of the thermal factor, as well as pronounced putrefactive changes. In these cases, bones and teeth as the objects of DNA extraction should be preferential. The relevance and practical significance of the use of innovative technologies for the identification of dead persons during martial law have been established. Some issues of regulatory and legal provision of forensic medical identification of dead persons during martial law, the need to improve the procedure for taking biological samples in criminal proceedings, etc. were raised. Directions for their solution are proposed.

Injectiondesign: web service of plate design with optimized stratified block randomization for modern GC/LC-MS-based sample preparation

BackgroundPlate design is a necessary and time-consuming operation for GC/LC-MS-based sample preparation. The implementation of the inter-batch balancing algorithm and the intra-batch randomization algorithm can have a significant impact on the final results. For researchers without programming skills, a stable and efficient online service for plate design is necessary.ResultsHere we describe InjectionDesign, a free online plate design service focused on GC/LC-MS-based multi-omics experiment design. It offers the ability to separate the position design from the sequence design, making the output more compatible with the requirements of a modern mass spectrometer-based laboratory. In addition, it has implemented an optimized block randomization algorithm, which can be better applied to sample stratification with block randomization for an unbalanced distribution. It is easy to use, with built-in support for common instrument models and quick export to a worksheet.ConclusionsInjectionDesign is an open-source project based on Java. Researchers can get the source code for the project from Github: https://github.com/CSi-Studio/InjectionDesign. A free web service is also provided: http://www.injection.design.

Possible laboratory predictors in the diagnosis of brucellosis

Brucellosis is a bacterial disease affecting humans and domestic animals. The pathogenic capacity of Brucella depends on its stealth strategy and ability to replicate within host cells and cause long-lasting infections. The growth of brucellosis in the Russian Federation necessitates the search for new diagnostic approaches and algorithms that allow obtaining valid results in a short time, reducing the risk of chronicity of this pathology. Presently, the diagnosis of brucellosis, due to its pronounced polymorphism, is impossible without objective laboratory confirmation. Search for laboratory predictors is a current trend in modern laboratory medicine.

Digital-Based Photoelectric Effect Practicum Toolkit: Curriculum and Student Analysis

Physics education study programs at several private universities in South Sulawesi are still limited in implementing Modern Physics practicum. The implementation of Modern Physics practicum at College A is limited to three practicum units, while College B has never held a Modern Physics practicum. This is because college B does not yet have a modern physics laboratory and practicum unit. Therefore, researchers developed modern physics practical tools. The Modern Physics practicum device is designed using Arduino Uno which is equipped with a digital practicum module. The aim of this research is to describe the stages of definition in aspects of curriculum analysis, beginning and end, and student needs. This research is research and development using the 4D-Thiagarajan model. Research data was analyzed descriptively. The results of the research show that one of the important Modern Physics practicum contents according to course achievements is the Photoelectric Effect. It is hoped that the development of the Photoelectric Effects practicum equipment can become a learning medium for students and a precursor to the development of other Modern Physics practicum units at the two universities

Optical Sensors for Bacterial Detection

Analytical devices for bacterial detection are an integral part of modern laboratory medicine, as they permit the early diagnosis of diseases and their timely treatment. Therefore, special attention is directed to the development of and improvements in monitoring and diagnostic methods, including biosensor-based ones. A promising direction in the development of bacterial detection methods is optical sensor systems based on colorimetric and fluorescence techniques, the surface plasmon resonance, and the measurement of orientational effects. This review shows the detecting capabilities of these systems and the promise of electro-optical analysis for bacterial detection. It also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of optical sensor systems and the prospects for their further improvement.

Hereditary cancer syndromes with increased risk of renal cancer

Renal cancer (RC) is one of the three most common diseases in oncologic urology. Its accurate diagnosis and prognosis remain difficult and important problems. Some cases of RC are associated with hereditary cancer syndromes and are caused by germline mutations. This review describes monogenic forms of hereditary RC (von Hippel–Lindau syndrome, Birt–Hogg– Dubé syndrome, hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer, hereditary papillary renal carcinoma, BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome) and diseases with several candidate genes (SDH-mutated tumors, tuberous sclerosis complex). Additionally, the review discusses the increased risk of RC in patients with frequent hereditary cancer syndromes predisposing to the development of a wide range of tumor types: Lynch and Li-Fraumeni syndromes. RC in combination with other carcinomas can develop in patients carrying pathogenic mutations in the candidate genes of different hereditary cancer syndromes – multi-locus inherited neoplasia allele syndrome (MINAS) – which is especially important due to the growing role of high-throughput sequencing in practical oncologic genetics. Additionally, guidelines on modern laboratory genetic diagnostics and active surveillance are presented for each syndrome.

Science and Technology Reciprocity in Educational Laboratory Systems Intermediate in Kota Sungai Penuh

The determination of science and technology is a prerequisite for the development of modern laboratory systems. This study examines the laboratory management system in the interrelationship between science and technology. Qualitative evaluation methods are used to accommodate research questions related to the comparison of objectives and realities of laboratory systems. The focus of research lies in the management system and management paradigm of science and technology. The study was conducted in all public high schools in Kota Sungai Penuh, Jambi. The study used naturalistic observation to observe laboratory conditions and semi-structured interviews from laboratory managers, educators involved in the laboratory and students. Research bias is minimized by comparing observations and some interview results. The results showed that there is a gap in laboratory management of schools in newly developing cities. This slice of science and technology in the laboratory management system is influenced by past views, present feelings and future assumptions from laboratory managers, parties and educators involved. Then policy and policy realization magnify the gap created. The gap can be addressed by using virtual labs.

Irritable bowel syndrome: modern ideas about pathology and the possibility of its correction

Among the defecating disorders with constipation or diarrhea, there is a group of major intestinal disorders defined by the Rome IV Diagnostic Criteria (2016): irritable bowel syndrome, functional constipation, functional diarrhea. The presence of several updates of the Rome criteria is due to the current lack of objective signs of the listed disorders while many options for describing subjective sensation by patients from different countries. It calls for their terminological multilingual standardization. Both constipation and diarrhea can be caused by a variety of exogenous and endogenous factors and have different pathogenetic mechanisms, but they cannot be identified properly using modern clinical and laboratory methods for functional intestinal disorders. However, the high prevalence of these syndromes, characterized by the presence of complaints that reduce patients’ quality of life, necessitates their correction. The drug choice for defecation disorders and abdominal pain is often limited by contradictions from international clinical guidelines and national regulations.Therefore, the Recommendations of the Russian Gastroenterological Association for the treatment of functional intestinal diseases contain many instructions on general therapeutic and dietary measures. The pain syndrome treatment is based on the spasmolytics. Among the laxatives that have long been used in the treatment of chronic constipation, sodium picosulfate has long been successfully used. This drug has high efficacy and safety profiles; the instructions for its medical use allow to prescribe it in patients suffered from irritable bowel syndrome with constipation. The use of sodium picosulfate for IBS is regulated by many clinical recommendations. However, this drug may be ineffective against abdominal pain. It is incorrect to assign the mission of pain relief to a laxative because of multifactorial pathogenesis of IBS pain with constipation or diarrhea and uncertainty of methods for its pharmacological control.

Pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases, features of the disease course: a clinical case of complicated course of ulcerative colitis

The article is devoted to one of the urgent problems of pediatric gastroenterology – inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which currently include ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). The prevalence of IBD is inferior to other gastroenterological diseases, but according to the severity of the course, the frequency of complications and the level of mortality, IBD occupy one of the leading places in the structure of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The problem of IBD constantly attracts the attention of doctors of various specialties – pediatricians, gastroenterologists, surgeons and others. This is due to an increase in the incidence of this pathology, a variety of clinical manifestations, including extra-intestinal manifestations, faced by doctors of various specialties. In childhood, there is more often a greater prevalence of the lesion, a less specific and erased picture, there is an impact on the physical development of the child. The article provides information on the prevalence, significant factors in the development of the disease; research data revealing the relationship between taking med ications and the risk of IBD onset. The problems of the pathogenesis of the disease, the significance of the genetic status in the development of CD and UC are described. The article presents data on the features of the clinical picture of UC in childhood, recommendations for the primary diagnosis of IBD, including modern laboratory and instrumental research methods. The article also describes the recommended international criteria for assessing the severity of IBD and the problems of differential diagnosis. As a demonstration, the authors’ own observations are presented. The clinical example describes an atypical case of UC in a teenager, occurring with the involvement of the cardiovascular, bronchopulmonary and urinary systems with the development of polyserositis. Early diagnosis of IBD is necessary to prevent disability of patients, ensure further development of the child, improve the quality of life.

Chitosan Film Sensor for Ammonia Detection in Microdiffusion Analytical Devices.

Chitosan films have attracted increased attention in the field of sensors because of chitosan's unique chemico-physical properties, including high adsorption capacity, filmability and transparency. A chitosan film sensor was developed through the dispersion of an ammonia specific reagent (Nessler's reagent) into a chitosan film matrix. The chitosan film sensor was characterized to assess the film's properties by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A gas diffusion device was prepared with the chitosan film sensor, enabling the collection and detection of ammonia vapor from biological samples. The chitosan film sensor color change was correlated with the ammonia concentration in samples of human serum and artificial urine. This method enabled facile ammonia detection and concentration measurement, making the sensor useful not only in clinical laboratories, but also for point-of-care devices and wherever there is limited access to modern laboratory facilities.

Optimization of Formaldehyde Fixative Concentration for Individual Blood Cells to Develop a Stabilized Blood Control for Automated Hematology Analyzers.

In a modern haematology laboratory, the complete and differential counts of blood are performed using complex haematology auto analyzers. In order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of test results, various regulatory authorities have prescribed the use of stabilized blood controls. The major pitfalls of these blood controls are their short shelf life. This could be due to the fact that they are prepared by a common cocktail of fixatives which acts on the discrete cells in various ways and would result in either under-fixation or over-fixation of various cells. Thus, in the present study, we have explored and optimized fixative and buffering for individual cells to achieve stable blood control. Blood cells were isolated using the centrifugation technique and were fixed individually with different concentrations of formaldehyde. After fixation, cells were pooled. Analysis of cell count was done till six months. Cells were also analysed morphologically to see the effect of fixation and storage on cell morphology. In the present study we compared the effect of the concentration of formaldehyde fixative for individual cells in the blood and their role in enhancing the shelf life and maintaining the morphology of the cells when suspended in plasma or suitable buffers post-fixation. It was observed that WBCs can be better fixed with 3 and 3.5% formaldehyde in a buffered solution, whereas RBCs and Platelets can be optimally fixed with 2.5% formaldehyde in a buffered solution.

RESEARCHING THE PLACES OF SPONTANEOUS BURIALS OF DECEASED AND KILLED CITIZENS IN THE DE-OCCUPIED TERRITORIES

Abstract. The article highlights the peculiarities of organizing and conducting an investigation of spontaneous burial sites of deceased and killed citizens in the de-occupied territories. The algorithm of actions of law enforcement bodies after receiving a report on the presence of spontaneous burials in a certain territory is considered. The author draws attention to the issue of involving qualified specialists and experts in the investigation of spontaneous burial sites and providing them with specialized assistance. The author describes the actions of the investigator and the specialists involved during the working phase of the inspection of the spontaneous burial sites, the removal, examination, and recovery of the bodies, the fixation of the traces found, and the packaging of the material evidence. Attention is paid to the recommendations for drawing up a protocol for the inspection of the crime scene. The possibilities of using the modern laboratory equipment "ANDE 6C" for the analysis of human DNA profiles and the identification of the bodies of the dead are demonstrated.

Principals’ Transformative Leadership on the Performance in Science Subjects in Girls’ Public Secondary Schools in Tharaka Nithi County

This study examined the influence of principals’ transformative leadership traits on the performance in science subjects in girls’ public secondary schools in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. It was guided by the following specific objectives: to ascertain whether principal-teacher role modelling influences performance in science subjects and to find out the relationship between the provision of supportive learning resources and the performance in science subjects in girls’ public secondary schools in Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. The study was guided by transformational leadership theory. A concurrent triangulation design was adopted. The sample size for the study constituted 11 principals, 1 county director, 330 students and 100 teachers. The study used questionnaires to collect data from teachers and students, while interviews were conducted with principals and the County Director of education. Quantitative data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The data from quantitative instruments was presented using frequencies and%ages on tables, graphs, and pie charts. Qualitative data was analysed in themes, and the reporting was done in direct quotations and narratives. The results revealed that the transformational leadership of principals, as evidenced by their role modelling for teachers and the provision of supportive learning resources, plays a crucial role in shaping the academic performance of students in science subjects within girls’ public secondary schools in Tharaka Nithi County. The study’s findings led to the conclusion that school principals are not consistently able to converse with and uplift girls facing difficulties in science subjects. Additionally, it was concluded that students lack adequate resources necessary for excelling in science subjects, notably the insufficiency of laboratory equipment, which has consequently impeded their performance in these subjects. The study recommended that principals actively engage and motivate girls to pursue science subjects. Additionally, it proposes that the government should focus on maintaining well-equipped and modern school science laboratories, providing science books in libraries, and offering online resources, educational apps, and e-learning platforms. These measures would supplement traditional teaching methods, creating a more interactive learning experience and ultimately boosting girls’ engagement and success in science subjects.

Assessment of compatibility of metal fire-proof compositions with primer coatings to maximize effectiveness of flame retardants

Introduction. The present paper considers the issues of work planning for fire protection of steel structures, including the correct selection of primer coating in order to avoid potential problems, to save time and budget, as well as to ensure long-term durability of the structures due to the applied fire protection coating. The compatibility of materials appears to be essential when creating projects and coating technology to maximize the effectiveness of fire-proof materials.Aim. To establish the relevant requirements for the scope and sequence of work in assessing the compatibility of fire-proof compositions with the applied primer of steel structures.Materials and methods. The compatibility of flame retardants with primers was assessed using certified and verified laboratory equipment. The paper describes a modern laboratory facility for testing.Results. The results of testing compatibility of flame retardants with primers are presented. The coating system should be evaluated for the defects, its criticality in the subsequent operation, the degree of coating interlayer adhesion, and the ability of the coating to resist adverse environmental effects. Following the obtained information, recommendations are given on the compatibility of certain coating materials.Conclusion. The study demonstrated the significance of material compatibility when creating projects and coating application technology to ensure maximum effectiveness of flame retardants and to tackle the crucial task — providing long-term fire resistance of structures.

Assessment of the course of the gestational process using survey method and depending on the laboratory confirmed prenatal alcohol use (cross-section study)

Background. Studying the problem of alcohol consumption by pregnant women using modern laboratory research methods has valuable theoretical and practical significance. The aim of the study. To determine the characteristics of the pregnancy course in women consuming alcohol in the prenatal period confirmed by survey and laboratory tests, depending on the phosphatidylethanol levels. Materials and methods. We examined 863 women under observation at the Irkutsk Regional Perinatal Center for the period from 2014 to 2021. To confirm the fact of alcohol consumption in the prenatal period, 545 women were surveyed, 318 women were examined using laboratory analysis. The diagnostic biomarker for alcohol was PEth:16:0/18:1. To assign pregnant women to the control group, a PEth concentration of ≤ 8 ng/ml was taken. If the PEth concentration was > 8 ng/ml, pregnant women were classified as heavy drinkers. Clinical and laboratory indicators of the course of pregnancy and childbirth were carried out in comparative groups. Results. It has been established that every second woman of reproductive age took alcohol before pregnancy. 24.2 % of women did not stop consuming alcohol in the prenatal period. At the same time, the risk of congenital malformations was high, since 20.4 % of women consumed alcohol in the first trimester of pregnancy. Based on the results of the survey, it was revealed that in women who consumed alcohol in the prenatal period, the following pathological conditions are statistically significantly more common: anemia, congenital heart defects in fetuses, prematurity of gestational age, labor anomalies, uterus subinvolution. Based on the results of laboratory confirmation of alcohol consumption, it was established that parity of birth, intrauterine growth retardation, and premature birth were statistically significantly more often in pregnant women who drink. Conclusion. Thus, in order to obtain the most meaningful and high-quality results, it is necessary to conduct larger studies. In addition, maternal blood biomarkers should be used to confirm levels of alcohol consumption throughout all trimesters of pregnancy.

Personalized laboratory medicine in the digital health era: recent developments and future challenges.

Interpretation of laboratory data is a comparative procedure and requires reliable reference data, which are mostly derived from population data but used for individuals in conventional laboratory medicine. Using population data as a "reference" for individuals has generated several problems related to diagnosing, monitoring, and treating single individuals. This issue can be resolved by using data from individuals' repeated samples, as their personal reference, thus needing that laboratory data be personalized. The modern laboratory information system (LIS) can store the results of repeated measurements from millions of individuals. These data can then be analyzed to generate a variety of personalized reference data sets for numerous comparisons. In this manuscript, we redefine the term "personalized laboratory medicine" as the practices based on individual-specific samples and data. These reflect their unique biological characteristics, encompassing omics data, clinical chemistry, endocrinology, hematology, coagulation, and within-person biological variation of all laboratory data. It also includes information about individuals' health behavior, chronotypes, and all statistical algorithms used to make precise decisions. This approach facilitates more accurate diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of diseases for each individual. Furthermore, we explore recent advancements and future challenges of personalized laboratory medicine in the context of the digital health era.

A-079 Analytical Assessment of Abbott’s SigmaSTRONG assays on the Alinity c and ARCHITECT c Systems

Abstract Introduction Clinical chemistry assays are responsible for 57% of all core lab testing (1) as a result there is an ever-increasing demand to improve the accuracy and reliability of results in clinical laboratories. Sigma metrics have proven to be powerful tools for quantitatively evaluating clinical assay and instrument performance. The Sigma performance of an assay is calculated from the formula (TEa-Bias)/CV. To address modern clinical laboratory performance requirements Abbott has developed and launched a portfolio of clinical chemistry assays under the brand name Sigma STRONG ™ which claim to achieve world class performance with a Sigma Metric of ≥6 for 86% of products within this portfolio (2). The purpose of this study is to assess these assays against Abbott’s products requirement (PR) for precision and method comparison. Methods Assay precision (%CV) studies were performed based on guidance from CLSI EP05-A3 using 2–3 levels of commercially available serum-based control material. Method Comparison (MC) studies were performed based on guidance from CLSI EP09-A3 using the Passing-Bablok regression method. Assays under investigation were assessed for performance on either the Abbott Alinity c or Abbott ARCHITECT c systems. Results Conclusion This study has confirmed the sigma STRONG ™ assays, under assessment, have met Abbott’s product requirement for both precision and method comparison.

B-032 Total lab Automation Validation/Verification Protocol: First Step of Process Excellence Journey in Smart Core Lab in Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital & Medical Research Institute, Mumbai, India

Abstract Background The total laboratory automation (TLA) involves the integration, automation, consolidation and digitalization of pre-examination, examination, and post-examination processes. It is far simpler to introduce TLA in a lean, highly standardized smart core lab setting than it is to replicate complex procedures based on manual workflows, therefore harmonization/standardization is a requirement. In this era of modern clinical laboratory, a very important step with respect to the quality of the entire process is method validation/ verification. Hence, it is fundamental to verify/validate TLA process flow, new techniques, new methods and new test parameters.During laboratory accreditation process, the most frequently cited deficiency involves inappropriate PQ (Performance Qualification) and verification protocol. The main principles to the PQ laboratory test validation or verification protocol are Accuracy, Precision, Reference Interval, Detection Limit (LOD), Analytical Measurement Range (AMR) and Clinically Reportable Range (CRR), etc. Hence a clinically appropriate turnaround time is guaranteed via validation, which also provides accurate and precise readings. Methods Around 250 parameters, of biochemical and immunoassay for samples like serum/plasma/cerebrospinal fluid/urine have been validated/verified on this automated system. Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and best practise checklist as per international and national accreditation bodies served as the foundation for verification. Following are the steps for verification. Analytical Accuracy: Run samples by both methods to evaluate bias. Verify Precision: Run 5 replicates per run for 5 days, at all levels of control sera. Check Reference Intervals: Representative 20 healthy individuals are selected. Verify LOB and LOD Values: Run 20 blank (zero calibrator) or low patient samples. Pneumatic System Verification Protocol: 20 samples carried manually by health care assistants and 20 samples transported via the pneumatic system. We have done sigma metrics of 250 parameters in the lab. Results With particular reference to Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), we have obtained the following results: For the Reference interval study, out of 353 volunteers recruited, 8 volunteer data were excluded (7 outliers, 1 abnormal TPO values). We obtained the reference interval of 0.53–4.489 μIU/mL, which is within the range specified by the manufacturer's reference range. A good level of analytical accuracy is demonstrated between the two instruments with r2 = 0.9938 having a coefficient of variation of 4.32%. The coefficient of variation values of precision for inter laboratory method comparison for lower and high-level values is 1.39% and 1.76% respectively, which is comparable with the manufacturers claims values. The coefficient of repeatability is 1.3442 is higher than 0.7 and hence considered as the two instruments having a good retest reliability. We observed more than six sigma performance of TSH. Based on Operational Specification (OPSpecs) Chart and Method Decision Chart sigma values of all the parameters are evaluated and quality control strategies have been defined. Conclusion Thus, validation of all biochemistry & immunoassay parameters in TLA set up of the smart core laboratory promotes an environment, emphasizing patient safety and quality patient care.

Development of scientific and technical base for training specialists in the field of marine energy

The implementation of federal programs for the modernization of the transport system of the Russian Federation requires the solution of a set of tasks, the most important of which is the training of highly qualified specialists in the transport industry. A necessary condition for high-quality training of specialists is certainly a modern educational and laboratory base. The Admiral Makarov State University of Maritime and Inland Shipping has been training specialists in the field of marine energy for many decades. In order to continue training specialists in this area at a high level, it is necessary to modernize the material base, create laboratories that meet modern requirements. In order to achieve this goal, a project to create an educational and scientific center “Energy efficiency and reliability of marine machinery and mechanisms” is proposed. The concept of creating a center is presented in the paper, the laboratories that should be part of it are listed, the examples of laboratory layouts and their main equipment are provided. It is proposed to include a laboratory for testing engines in container design and a floating laboratory in the educational and scientific center. The creation of an educational and scientific center equipped with modern equipment will provide conditions for high-quality training of specialists for industry enterprises, as well as provide an opportunity to solve current scientific problems in the field of marine energy. The concept of creating an educational and scientific center is supported by the Board of Trustees of the University

SPECIAL FEATURES OF INFLAMMATORY RESPIRATION WAYS DISEASES WITH THE INFLUENCE OF HYPOTHYROID STATUS AND ITS CORRECTION (REVIEW)

The purpose of the work – to analyze the literature data concerning the effect of reducingthe content of the thyroid gland (TG), as well as its correction with hormone replacementtherapy on the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchialasthma (BA).Conclusions. On the basis of literature data, pathophysiological evidence of theinterrelationship of changes in thyroid status and chronic inflammatory process inthe respiratory tract (RT), as well as the effect of hormone replacement therapy forhypothyroidism on the course of these comorbid conditions, were established. Theanalyzed literary sources present the data of new studies: epidemiological, experimentaland clinical with the involvement of modern laboratory (immunological and molecularbiological in particular) and instrumental methods, which form a new point of view on therelationship between inflammation in the thyroid gland and hypothyroid status, and alsohighlight aspects of the influence of hormone replacement therapy on the development ofthe pathological process in RT with COPD and BA.