Modern Design Methods Research Articles

Function and Effectiveness of Sketching in Modern Design Methods

Function and Effectiveness of Sketching in Modern Design Methods

Research and Application of Portal Crane’s Luffing Mechanism Design Based on Modern Design Method

At present, there are some new research ideas in the design of luffing mechanism of portal crane, such as genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm. The development of design software adopts Visual C++ or Visual Basic, MATLAB and other tools. These methods are advanced but inefficient because extra time and cost are required. This paper proposes a modern design method to complete the optimization of the four-bar luffing mechanism in the portal crane, which can simplify the calculation and improve the efficiency. The motion track description and mechanical properties of the four-bar luffing mechanism are obtained by the geometric analysis and the load analysis. The luffing curves, which can be re-drawn by modifying the initial parameters, are given to verify the optimized results. Results demonstrate that the modern design method can accomplish the optimal design effectively without extra time and cost, and this finding will be provided as the design guidance for the luffing mechanism.

Dynamic modeling of defective gears

The use of geared transmissions has a long history and a rich experience, which has allowed the development of an intense research activity that has led to modern design methods, mostly standardized and execution technologies that have become traditional. As the fundamental sciences have provided more and more in-depth and refined knowledge, namely performance algorithms of optimal synthesis, the design in the field of gear transmissions has evolved by integrating in the calculation methods a growing number of elements. of influence (materials, geometry, dimensional and shape deviations, heat treatments, kinematic, energetic, dynamic factors, etc.). Automated modeling and simulation currently allow the prediction of behavior - from all points of view of a transmission - during operation.

New technologies applied to canine limb prostheses: A review.

Although only a few studies have investigated about the development of animal prosthesis, currently, there is an increasing interest in canine limb prosthesis design and its clinical application since they offer an alternative to killing the animal in extreme situations where amputating the limb is the only option. Restoring normal function of amputated canine limbs with the use of a prosthesis is challenging. However, recent advances in surgical procedures and prosthesis design technology appear promising in developing devices that closely recreate normal canine limb function. Surgical advances such as evolution of osseointegration (bone-anchored) prostheses present great promise. Likewise, modern computer-aided design and manufacturing technology, as well as novel motion analysis systems are now providing improved prosthesis designs. Advances in patient-customized prostheses have the potential to reduce the risk of implant failure. The objective of this investigation is to present a general review of the existing literature on modern surgical approaches, design and manufacturing methods, as well as biomechanical analyses so that veterinarians can make more and better-informed decisions on the development and selection of proper canine limb prosthesis. Isolated research efforts have made possible an improvement in stability, comfort, and performance of canine limb prosthesis. However, continued multidisciplinary research collaboration and teamwork among veterinarians, engineers, designers, and industry, with supporting scientific evidence, is required to better understand the development of canine limb prosthesis designs that closely replicate the normal limb function.

Application of Modern Design Method in Mine Machinery Design

Application of Modern Design Method in Mine Machinery Design

Design and Verification of Multi-Agent Systems with the Use of Bigraphs

Widespread access to low-cost, high computing power allows for increased computerization of everyday life. However, high-performance computers alone cannot meet the demands of systems such as the Internet of Things or multi-agent robotic systems. For this reason, modern design methods are needed to develop new and extend existing projects. Because of high interest in this subject, many methodologies for designing the aforementioned systems have been developed. None of them, however, can be considered the default one to which others are compared to. Any useful methodology must provide some tools, versatility, and capability to verify its results. This paper presents an algorithm for verifying the correctness of multi-agent systems modeled as tracking bigraphical reactive systems and checking whether a behavior policy for the agents meets non-functional requirements. Memory complexity of methods used to construct behavior policies is also discussed, and a few ways to reduce it are proposed. Detailed examples of algorithm usage have been presented involving non-functional requirements regarding time and safety of behavior policy execution.

The role of smart architecture in developing educational buildings To achieve the efficiency of the educational process in facing the Corona epidemic

Providing a sound learning environment for students with the spread of the Corona epidemic is one of the most important factors that the architectural and urban design must pay attention to, and with a focus on the architectural field, a large part of the epidemic spread inside buildings can be overcome with the help of modern design methods aware of the importance of preserving the environment and energy and reviewing the design of buildings. To develop its vacuums. Since architecture has a wide impact on emissions from buildings and on the impact on the surrounding environment, and large numbers of students meet with it daily to study, and it is considered one of the places most vulnerable to the outbreak of the Corona epidemic. Therefore, it is necessary to demonstrate the importance of architectural techniques in preserving the environment, as many contemporary buildings ignored the climate and its factors, so the glass shell dominated their buildings and the buildings went outside instead of inside, and their openings were exposed to direct sunlight and the depletion of energy and resources for the purpose of cooling increased. Today, the architectural designer has to use progress and technological growth to counter negative impacts on the environment, so the research will address two parts, the first part: the role of the architectural design process (smart design) in providing an environment that can face the challenges of the spread of the epidemic, the second part: the role of architectural design in upgrading the spaces used in buildings in post works.

ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ ЧАСТНОЙ СТОМАТОЛОГИИ В 21 ВЕКЕ

Private dentists are now ubiquitous. However, there are a number of differences in the equipment of clinics and the competence of the services provided. The purpose of this study is to highlight the economic aspect in the development of modern dentistry. Technological innovations and modern design methods can facilitate the transition to a sustainable and highly qualified dental care system. We have divided dental care by economic nature into two levels. First-level dentistry has been largely defined by the standard treatment of established dental diseases, second-level Dentistry marks a new era of patient-centered, technological, results-oriented, and prevention-oriented dental care with significant advantages in the use of modern high-quality material, a wide range of diagnostic services, and highly aesthetic technologies. The wide coverage of modern technologies helps to attract patients, show them a high level of dental care, create the right advertising and Express the quality of dental services provided. Thus, based on the data obtained, it is necessary to carry out competent equipment of the dental office at the early stages, which requires maximum costs. Conduct training of all employees at a decent level and, of course, use modern technologies in everyday practice, namely analysis of clinical cases, photo Protocol, advertising on the Internet in order to motivate and competent approach to oral care.

Assessing the Marshall Properties of Porous Asphalt Concrete

Porous asphalt paving is a modern design method that differs from the usual asphalt pavements' traditional designs. The difference is that the design structure of porous pavements allows the free passage of fluids through their layers, which controls or reduces the amount of runoff or water accumulated in the area by allowing the flow of rain and surface runoff. The cross-structure of this type of paving works as a suitable method for managing rainwater and representing groundwater recharge. The overall benefits of porous asphalt pavements include environmental services and safety features, including controlling the build-up of contaminated metals on the road surface, rainwater management, resistance to slipping accidents, reduced splashing, and spraying pedestrians and drivers.
 In this study, the porous mixture's volumetric and physical properties were tested, and the use of carbon fibers as a type of mixture improver. The results were compared after performing the following steps: Selecting the best gradient for the porous asphalt mixture by selecting the largest proportion of air voids from three gradations group according to specifications (ASTM 7064), then choosing the optimum asphalt ratio according to the standard specifications, which are the value of drain down % and the Cantabro abrasion loss % value, as well as the ratio of air voids. After obtaining the optimum asphalt ratio, samples of the asphalt mixture were prepared. Carbon fibers were added to it at a rate of (0.3%) by weight of the total mix and a length of (2 cm) and prepared samples without additives. They were tested by a Marshall device to calculate the stability and flow value and show the effects of fibers on porous asphalt concrete properties. An increase in the stability value and a decrease in the flow and reduction in the drain down rate during exposure to high temperature were observed for the samples containing carbon fibers, by 48.8%, 44%, and 72%, respectively

The inverse design and optimization for composite materials with random uncertainty

The inverse design is a contemporary novel modern design method and it can provide strong theoretical support for composite materials. The GMDH-NN and Kriging surrogate models are carried out to construct the transfer relations between input variables and output responses by combining finite element analysis and sensitivity analysis. In view of the objective existence of random uncertainties, structural mechanical behaviors of composite are considered as deterministic and uncertainty responses respectively, and then the corresponding optimization mathematical models are constructed. Meanwhile, genetic algorithm (GA) is employed to solve the presented inverse optimization design. Furthermore, several examples of laminated and 2D-woven composite materials are delivered to show that presented procedures are reliable and effective to obtain the dispersive of input parameters, which are of great significance in practical engineering.

Investigation of errors in the representation of 3D models in determining the parameters of parts of devices BY the example of a two-mass rotating system with elastic coupling

Objective. The objective of the study is to consider the application field of modern device development and design methods using the means of 3D modeling and simulation of physical processes. The validity of the application and criteria for the reliability of the results obtained in the sequential design of the mechanical part of the electric drive and the control system are investigated.Methods. Methods of model representation of 3D objects in computer-aided design systems are considered, as well as methods for solving problems of determining strain under the applied load. Using the example of an elementary joint, the obtained results of the dynamic characteristic of an elastic shaft in a computer-aided design system are compared with those calculated analytically.Results. The article defines the basic principles and relations applicable to describing the shape of 3D models. Methods are shown by which it is possible to obtain information about the mass-centering model characteristics. The relations that form the basis of numerical methods for solving problems of determining elastic deformations of bodies are also given. The error that can occur when using insufficiently small elementary volumes in solving the problem of determining elastic deformation is shown.Conclusion. The use of 3D modeling in the design of complex technical systems is justified and speeds up production processes. However, numerical methods cannot always give an accurate result leading to the need to either increase the complexity of calculations or additionally adjust some designed device parameters.

Factors of civil identity formation in life safety training

The article is devoted to the study of the factors of the formation of civil identity in a general education organization when teaching life safety. Detailed analysis and comparison of the leading approaches to the study of this issue in the scientific literature are carried out. The author generalizes and systematizes numerous factors that influence the formation of civil identity. Their level character (global, national, personal), objectivity and subjectivity of manifestation, the positive and negative orientation of influence, dialectics in revealing the essence of influence are established and disclosed. A special role is given to education in the field of life safety, which is considered based on modern survey and design methods that are important for scientific analysis and reflection. The conducted survey of teachers of the Nizhny Novgorod region allows us to establish and evaluate their attitude to civil identity and the possibility of its formation in life safety training. The implementation of educational projects in the study of life safety in the classroom and extracurricular activities, allows you to form a stable motivation and civic qualities of the individual – the fundamental basis of civic identity.

Design of Digital Circuit Experiment Course Based on FPGA

With the development of integrated circuit, the content of digital circuit experiment course is constantly updated. In order to keep up with the development trend of the Times and make students’ professional knowledge meet the needs of the industry, the school adopts the FPGA experimental platform to carry out teaching reform from the two aspects of platform and experiment, and carry out reasonable experimental planning to enrich the experimental content. In this paper, the traditional knowledge points of logic algebra, trigger, timer, counter, decoder and digital tube are organically combined, and the digital clock system is designed and realized. The practice shows that the combination of modern design method and traditional digital circuit teaching method can play a good teaching effect. In this way, students can also fully learn, understand and skillfully use the new technology in the experiment, and in the process of building a comprehensive understanding of digital circuits.

Influences of polymer modifiers on Porous Hot Asphalt Mixture Property and Durability

Fundamentally, sustainability and cost-effectiveness in infrastructure development have received widespread attention. Permeable pavement is such a concept that it is sustainable in the field of transportation and is being tested. Fully permeable pavement is a modern design method in which each layer is porous and can store water, avoiding the impact of stormwater on the pavement to avoid stormwater, skidding, floods, and water splash on the road and parking area which decrease safety rate. Porous asphalt (PA) is an asphalt mixture with a little or no fine aggregate. Due to open structures and advantages are used as a drainage layer in highway pavements in reducing noise and decreasing safety hazards during rainfall. Besides, it reduces splash and spray effects and thus increases the visibility. The main aim of this study is to analyze the influence of two asphalt modifier types: Styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) and propylene modifier polypropylene (PP), on porous hot asphalt mixture performance. The PA evaluation influence findings are based on permeability, durability, and Marshall stability-flow for hot asphalt mixture. The test results emphasize the modifier usage in reducing the abrasion loss and increasing the stability with enhancing the durability of PA. PA mixture binder prepared with 4% SBS and 4% PP modifier was the most polymer binder in modifying the abrasion resistance and stability of mixture in pavements.

MBHdesign: An R‐package for efficient spatial survey designs

Abstract A considered survey design will generate data that are representative of the population that the sample is taken from. All good design takes is a little thought, some information and some good software tools. Spatially balanced randomisation with unequal inclusion probabilities is a modern and efficient design method. These designs are embedded within sampling theory and should be easy to generate. The R‐package MBHdesign allows field researchers easy access to these designs. It implements point‐based and transect‐based methods and allows for the incorporation of legacy sites. The functionality of the package is illustrated with example designs in an environmentally heterogeneous region.

ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ КОТЕЛЬНЫХ УСТАНОВОК (ПРОШЛОЕ, НАСТОЯЩЕЕ И ВОЗМОЖНОЕ БУДУЩЕЕ)

В работе рассмотрены основные этапы развития котельных установок и методов их проектирования, влияние общенаучных сведений по термодинамике, физике и химии на конструктивные характеристики котельных установок. Показано, что при проектировании должны учитываться свойства сжигаемого топлива, условия работы котлов. Описано развитие нормативных методов проектирования. Дана краткая характеристика современных методов проектирования с использованием специализированных программных средств и высокопроизводительных вычислительных машин.
 Намечены пути дальнейшего развития методов проектирования.

The design of railway overhead line equipment mast foundations

Railway electrification offers significant benefits in terms of decarbonisation at the point of use and reduced traction costs. However, to realise these benefits, the fixed infrastructure must be provided at an affordable cost. Recent schemes in the UK have seen the cost of railway electrification soar: one of a number of reasons for this has been the substantial increase in mast foundation pile lengths compared with historic practice. The paper explores this through a comparative review of traditional and modern pile design methods. In addressing the ultimate limit state, the various approaches are shown to give broadly consistent results in terms of pile length. However, increased pile lengths will be calculated if three-dimensional effects are not allowed for in limit equilibrium (ultimate limit state) calculations, or if a serviceability limit state calculation is carried out using unrealistically low soil stiffness. The results of the comparative analyses should give designers the confidence to use the traditional empirical approach, or a limit equilibrium calculation without the need for an explicit serviceability limit state check (as permitted by Eurocode 7) using potentially inappropriate soil stiffness parameters.

Numerical simulation of Fertilizer Shunt-Plate with uniformity based on EDEM software

BackgroundThe application of fertilizing machinery is very important especially to the growing of alfalfa. The effect of uniformity is one of the most significant indicators to evaluate the performance of the fertilizing machinery during the fertilizing process. Fertilizer-shunted-plate is the key part, which can achieve the uniformity of fertilizing. The structure parameters optimization of the fertilizer-shunted-plate is a key task for the design of fertilizing machinery. ObjectiveThe purpose of this paper is to optimize the structure parameters of fertilizer-shunted-plate through the way of the numerical simulation with EDEM software and orthogonal experiment analysis. MethodThe variation coefficient of fertilizing uniformity was regarded as the evaluation index and the single-factor experiments were executed, during which the parameters of the fertilizer-shunted-plate were analyzed according to their performance based on Discrete Element Method with EDEM software, including knob-width, slanting angle, distance from the top side, vertical distance and horizon-distance. Three parameters of them were selected to establish the orthogonal experiments with interaction in order to find their effects to fertilizing uniformity, which were knob-width, slanting angle and horizon-distance. ResultThe experiments showed that the parameters of distance from the top side and vertical distance had little effect on the fertilizing uniformity performance. When the parameters of knob-width, slanting angle and horizon-distance were selected as 16 mm, 45° and 27.5 mm respectively, the fertilizing uniformity performance could get a very effective result. The variation coefficients of fertilization uniformity with former fertilizer-shunted-plate and the optimized one were 12.6% and 17.2% respectively. And the field test was carried out with similar result compared to the numerical simulation process. ConclusionThe research shows that Discrete Element Method and EDEM software are powerful tools to analyze the minute particles Kinematic characteristics and orthogonal experiment can be used efficiently to the optimization of the part parameters. The application of modern design methods and computer tools can promote the development of agricultural machinery and reduce the cost of it.

Thesaurus of Parametric Formation Paradigm Architectural Space

The realities of the existing ecological crisis raise the question of the need to create new methods in the approach to the design of an architectural habitat adapted to the surrounding nature. The paper discusses the principles and approaches of biomimetic design of the architectural environment, taking into account the ecological state of nature in Ukraine. At the same time, we are talking about the creation of a completely isolated, self-sufficient, self-contained ecosystem that will fully meet all the necessary requirements for the biological functioning of the human body and includes the natural environment with residential objects harmoniously embedded in it. The solution to these questions is possible with the integrated use of modern design methods in an adaptive architecture environment.

Function‐integrative Lightweight Engineering – Design Methods and Applications

AbstractFunction‐integrative lightweight engineering represents an essential element in modern design methods. Currently, there is a great need for the incorporation of sensors, actuators and electronics in novel, demand‐oriented components. In contrast to a subsequent, mostly adhesive bonding, structural integration offers numerous advantages, for example in terms of space requirements and robustness. This paper demonstrates the potential of integrated sensors for various industrial sectors based on selected examples from mechanical engineering, aviation, mobility, sports, and medical technology.