Modern Business Processes Research Articles

Высокие технологии в системе управления современными бизнес-процессами

Высокие технологии в системе управления современными бизнес-процессами

ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНИЙ КАПІТАЛ В ЕПОХУ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ ТА РОЗВИТКУ ЦИФРОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

In a digital economy, the intellectual capital of the enterprise is the most important strategic resource at the fundamental level of modern business processes; and human and relational capital of organizations are generated in accordance with the innovative potential of the enterprise. The study is devoted to the analysis of theoretical approaches and models for studying the intellectual capital of the enterprise in the era of formation and development of the digital economy. Our research is based on objective principles of a systematic approach, economic analysis, logical approach and multimethodology. We have used a set of general and special methods in this article (they are historical method, method of analysis and synthesis, abstract-logical method, scientific abstraction) has also been used in the work. Paind 3D and XMind programs were used for graphic images. Scientists in various fields and disciplines have proposed different conceptual frameworks to identify and justify the correlation between enterprise intellectual capital and economic results at the micro level in systems theory, institutional theory, resource dependence theory and others, as well as the concept of enterprise intellectual capital. The article presents the results of a comparative analysis of the works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, economists and experts in the management of intellectual capital of the enterprise. The model of intellectual capital of the enterprise has been offered, in which 19 elements in structure of human, structural and relational capitals of the organization have been defined. In the process of analyzing the intellectual capital of the enterprise, conclusions and proposals have been made under the prism of the specifics of the formation of its constituent elements in the era of formation and development of the digital economy. The findings, as well as an overview of approaches to assessing and measuring the intellectual capital of the enterprise can be used in developing organizational methods and improving the policy of human resources management of organizations. The leading vector of further development of intellectual capital of enterprises in the digital economy should be the design of the process of accumulation, classification, measurement and transformation of knowledge capital, as well as the development of tools presentation its elements as materialized and innovative assets. Key words: intellectual capital; knowledge; information; digital economy.

Problems and tendencies of the documents flow in enterprise management information system

The essence and importance of the documents flow are investigated in this paper. It is determined that the success of any business entity depends on the proper choice of work with the documents. It is defined that documents flow as the movement of documents in space and time is the basis of the enterprise management information system. Properly and clearly organized documents flow of the business entity enhances the effectiveness of the enterprise management system, accelerates the exchange of documents between contractors, and increases the efficiency of accounting. Advantages and disadvantages of paper, digital and combined documents flow, their interrelation are defined. The types of models of composite (combined) documents flow (formal, conceptual, functional, logical, structural, and managerial) and the importance of application of the structural model for accounting documents flow, which includes business process design and its implementation in practice, are studied. The experience of the leading enterprises (communication operators Ukrtelecom, Kyivstar, Vodafone; delivery services Nova Poshta, Delivery, Ukrposhta; utilities) in the organization of the digital documents flow is investigated. It is determined that digital documents flow is becoming the need for modern business processes of Ukrainian enterprises. Features of the digital documents flow organization software under conditions of the information technologies development are revealed. Each of this software contains a set of functionalities and technical features for the organization of digital documents flow. It is emphasized that the selection of software depends on price range of companies-developers and the conditions of adaptation of digital documents flow systems to the specific needs of economic entities. Prospects for the organization of digital documents flow with the emphasis on the functionality and versatility of software, maximum integration with other software solutions are established. The key trend in the development of document management in the enterprise management information system is the idea of computer-assisted learning, i.e. the ability of modern services to work through updated forms.

Application of Blockchain in Collaborative Internet-of-Things Services

Innovating business processes involves cutting-edge technologies where the Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain are technological breakthroughs. IoT is envisioned as a global network infrastructure consisting of numerous connected devices over the Internet. Many attempts have been made to improve and adapt business workflows for best utilizing IoT services. One possible solution is to digitize and automate internal processes using IoT services, in which Blockchain smart contract is a viable solution to establish the trust of process executions without intermediaries. Modern business processes are composed of disparate services; many of them tend to be delivered based on IoT. Interoperating with such services poses major challenges: 1) time for finality settlement of transactions is unpredictable and usually experiencing delay; 2) several implementations of permissioned Blockchain pose a major concern of trust regarding nodes that perform consensus; and 3) trust of process executions and IoT information is the major factor to the success of modern business processes, which require the composition of distributed IoT services. Traditional business processes are mostly managed by a single entity, which induces the problem of trust of process executions. In this paper, a smart contract for establishing the trust of process executions that fits into the IoT environment is presented. A consensus approach with selected validators extended from Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) is introduced to address time and prejudice challenges.

Blockchain and Internet of Things for Modern Business Process in Digital Economy—the State of the Art

In addition to functionalities, business process management (BPM) involves several key indicators such as openness, security, flexibility, and scalability. Optimizing system performance is becoming a great challenge for an ever-increasing large-scale distributed application system in the digital economy on the Internet of Things (IoT) era. In a centralized BPM, many indicators, such as security and openness, or cost and flexibility, are conflicting with each other. For example, inviting new partners across enterprises, domains, and regions to form a service workflow exposes new risks and needs additional security mechanisms for scrutiny; enhancing the flexibility of business workflow compositions increases the cost of security assurance. Blockchain technology (BCT) has thrown the light on the development of vital solutions to various BPM problems. BCT has to be integrated with other BPM system components that often involve IoT devices to implement specified functionalities related to the application. Currently, the potentials of using BCT have been explored although still at an early stage. In this paper, the states of the art are presented to identify emerging research topics, challenges, and promising applications in integrating BCT into the development of BPM.

INTEGRATION OF INTERESTS OF COMPANIES AND EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN ORDER TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF THE TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS AND THE EFFICIENCY OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

The article deals with the integration of the interests of companies and educational institutions to improve the quality of the training of specialists and to increase the efficiency of the educational process. The need to connect the educational process and business processes of any company is considered. Due to the fact that the learning process in any professional field is actually intended to reflect the basic principles and applied work processes inside the companies, this issue is extremely important for enhancing capabilities and improving skills of the graduates. Today, the axiom is that modern business processes cannot exist without an inextricable connection with information technologies. Strengthening feedback between employers and educational institutions is an urgent need today. The establishment of strong links between companies and educational institutions will allow to boost the quality of training for any area of the company’s activities.

BPMS-RA

A growing number of business process management systems is under development both in academia and in practice. These systems typically are based on modern system engineering principles, such as service-oriented architecture. At the same time, the advent of big data analytics has changed the scope of these systems, including functionality such as data mining. However, existing reference architectures for business process management systems date back 20 years and, consequently, are not up-to-date with these modern developments. To fill the gap, this article proposes an up-to-date reference architecture, called BPMS-RA, for modern business process management systems. BPMS-RA is based on analysis of recent literature and of existing commercial implementations. This reference architecture aims to provide a guideline template for the development of modern-day business process management systems by specifying functions and interfaces that need to be provided by these systems as well as a set of quality criteria that they need to meet.

Support to IS/IT in Auxiliary Machinery Exploitation Mangement at the Open-Pit Coal Mine

With the aim of management improvement, availability and readiness increase and decrease in costs of the exploitation system (operative work and maintenance) of vehicles and operative machines at the open-pit coal mine, the modern business process access with the support of information system and technology was developed and applied (IS/IT). In the operation, the process of exploitation system with the respective software support and Reports development is displayed. IS/IT are designed regarding business processes, monitoring, analysis and management (planning, organizing, management and control) of the exploitation system

Ant-Colony Optimisation for Path Recommendation in Business Process Execution

In business process management, operational support concerns methods and tools to support users during the execution of business processes. One possible way of supporting users is to suggest the optimal way to complete the execution of a business process instance given the set of activities executed thus far and a notion of utility associated with the execution of possible remaining activities. This problem goes also under the label of process navigation. This paper proposes a novel technique to implement process navigation based on the innovative abstraction of business process models as a restricted class of directed hypergraphs, i.e. WF-hypergraphs. In our approach, workflow net process models are first transformed into WF-hypergraphs. Using this abstraction, finding the optimal way to complete a business process becomes a generalised hypergraph shortest path problem, which is NP-hard. To solve this problem, we propose a solution based on the ant-colony meta-heuristic specifically customised to the case of hypergraph traversal. The paper presents an experimental evaluation of the proposed optimisation heuristic and discusses how the proposed approach can be integrated into modern business process management systems.

Mechanism of Formation of Industrial Enterprise Development Strategy in the Information Economy

In the context of the information economy, industrial enterprises face the challenge of adapting their development strategies to align with global transformations in production, marketing, and management. This adaptation is essential for maintaining competitiveness and fostering sustainable growth. However, existing development strategies often fall short of addressing the complexity of integrating modern business process management systems with traditional enterprise structures. The main gap lies in the lack of a comprehensive mechanism that harmonises specialised business processes with overarching management systems and incorporates advanced technologies for automation and informatisation. The aim of this study is to develop a robust mechanism for formulating a development strategy for industrial enterprises that aligns with the demands of the information economy. The proposed approach is grounded in a model that ensures the harmonisation of specialised business processes with business process management practices, facilitates the integration of these systems into the general management framework of an enterprise, and utilises informatisation and automation to enhance efficiency. The methodology involves a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis to assess existing management practices and to design a model capable of harmonising business processes within an enterprise. Empirical data were collected from industrial enterprises, and the analysis focused on the impact of the proposed mechanism on various performance indicators, such as competitiveness, sales growth, and cost reduction. The results indicate that the implementation of the developed mechanism enhances the overall competitiveness of industrial enterprises, increases sales, and reduces production costs. The findings contribute to the understanding of how integrated business process management can be effectively adopted in the information economy. In the discussion, the study emphasises the practical implications of the proposed mechanism and how it can be adapted across different industrial sectors. The conclusions underscore the necessity for continuous adaptation and innovation in management strategies to align with technological advancements. Future research should explore the scalability of this model across various types of industrial enterprises and examine its long-term impact on organisational growth and resilience.

Blockchain characteristics and consensus in modern business processes

Abstract Blockchain technology has attracted a great deal of attentions as an effective way to innovate business processes. It has to be integrated with other Business Process Management system (BPM) components to implement specified functionalities related to the applications. The current efforts in integrating this technology into BPM are at a very early stage. To apply Blockchain into business processes efficiently, Blockchain and business process characteristics must be identified. Inconsistency of confirmation settlement that heavily relies on the implementation of consensus protocol poses a major challenge in business process operations, especially ones that are time-critical. In addition, validators, nodes responsible for performing consensus operations in a Blockchain system, can introduce bias and as a result are not trustable. This paper first defines Blockchain and also investigates the characteristics of Blockchain and business processes. Then, we suggest an architecture of business processes in Blockchain era to overcome the problems of time inconsistency and consensus bias. The architecture provides persistency, validity, auditability, and disintermediary that Blockchain offers. The architecture also provides flexibility by allowing business partner to select nodes in performing consensus; thus bias is mitigated.

Development of BPMN Architecture using Integration of Data Mining

Data mining is an important factor of success for modern business processes. Modern Integrating data mining with business solutions will improve the business process model (BPM) and enhance the overall business process management framework. The proposed architecture promises to provide great support for flexible design, deployment and managementof business processes. Incorporating services of data mining in order to choose the appropriate business model, determining missing standards and deploying machine learning techniques in an applicable manner is a challenging task discussed in the paper. Theproposed work describes the overall contribution of data mining services and validates the novelty in architecture by defining user roles for business, decision mining and IT standards. Supervised and unsupervised learning technique is used for determining similarity between the proposed model and the previously stored models.

Organization and Business Environment Collaborative Model to Increase the Innovation Capacity

Abstract The research aims to identify a modern Business Process Management solution to simulate integrated coordination mechanisms with impact on organization’s innovation. From a scientific and socio-economic perspective, the article is aligned with the European innovation trend that supports organizations' preoccupation to introduce innovation and upgrading processes, technologies and business models. The issues that the author has identified and sought to find answers are to identify that mild method of Business Process Management that can be correlated with the dimensions of organizational innovation in areas such as: the organization's infrastructure, partnership between business members, innovation "inside". The second issue is to limit current approaches by analyzing the current state of knowledge. The research has been included within the boundaries of modeling and simulation of business process flows with impact on organizational innovation vectors. Thus, the paper proposes and presents a set of integrated processes of collaboration between the organization and the business environment using Business Process Management as an integrated coordination mechanism of the organization's innovation

Beyond Deterministic Thinking Embodiment of Ethics in Process Design and Execution

This article maintains that a strong sense of ethics and ethical awareness is essential to help promote and cultivate adequate and appropriate (human sensitive) approaches during the development, implementation and execution of business processes. Businesses and their corresponding processes, and science in general have leaned on tenets of deterministic philosophies which gave rise to mechanistic thinking. As such technologically-based proposals and/or enactments—like modern business processes to a point—do not have within themselves the means to be ethically self-aware. It is in a technologically driven culture where mechanistic/deterministic approaches may trivialise the dignity of humans, ethics are able to mediate technology by helping to reflect on its purpose and usefulness. The authors propose a model that is a more holistic approach—including an ethical review phase—during the design, implementation, and execution of computer-based business processes so as to avoid an overtly mechanistic approach that devalues humans.

Barriers to effective value chain management in developing countries: new insights from the cotton industrial value chain

A rigorous and extensive application of the value chain management (VCM) has become the vogue in modern day business practices and processes. However, due to the complex and multidimensional nature of value chains, achieving efficient and effective value chain management in real value chains remains a major conundrum for practitioners. Many unknown barriers continue to impede effective and efficient value chain management in developing countries’ industrial value chains. The purpose of this study was to find out the common barriers to effective value chain management in a developing country’s industrial value chains using evidence from the cotton industry in Zimbabwe. The analysis was based on survey data sets obtained from 157 purposively sampled experts from the cotton industry value chain in Zimbabwe. Exploratory factor analysis was used to find the barriers to effective value chain management. The results revealed both architectural and governance barriers to effective value chain management. The findings also presented major policy implications for industrial value chains in the developing countries and also indicated areas for further robust research founded on a broader data set from other developing countries’ industrial chains as a way of validating the findings of this study.

Driving factors of Serbian competitiveness: Digital economy and ICT

One of the major challenges for policymakers in Serbia is to improve the competitiveness of the Serbian economy. Universally applicable solution to this problem does not exist, but there are certain segments which can be a significant driver of improving the effectiveness and productivity of the economy by implementing diverse possibilities offered by the digital economy. A critical factor in the development of digital economy is the sector of information and communication technology (ICT), which has the potential to extremely improve the competitiveness of Serbia and start production towards modern business processes, but also contribute to a notable synergistic effect in terms of the competitiveness of micro-enterprises. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of information and communication technologies (ICT) as a factor for competitiveness and development of the digital economy, to analyze the application of ICT in the economy of Serbia, to highlight the benefits of development and acceptance of new solutions in the field of ICT, to create recommendations that would contribute to improving the business environment in the ICT field, and consequently of the digital economy as a whole.

The conceptual model of DFD-technology

The presence of large number of models and methods for structural modeling of business processes and systems has made urgent the development of standardized language for structural analysis and design, suitable for modeling as organizational management, and software systems (similar to UML for the object-oriented systems’ design). The paper proposes a draft of such a language based on data flow diagrams (DFD diagrams) as the most frequently used in functional structural modeling. As part of the work in this direction a conceptual model language is proposed, named DFD-technology, integrating structural models for different purposes based on DFD-diagrams, and reflecting functional, informational and behavioral aspects of the modeled object. The article also analyzes the syntax, semantic and pragmatic aspects of the introduced unified modeling language. For a formal description of the syntax, it is proposed to use the apparatus of the mixed grammars, a combination of graph and regular grammars. The article gives a grammar description to generate a simple dialect of DFD technology, informally described semantic aspects of language, particularly the semantics of relations between objects of the language. Thus, the paper proposed a solution of unification and standardization problem of structural modeling languages, based on the integrated DFD-technology. The conceptual model of the technology is prepared, the syntax of the standardized language, using the technique of the mixed grammar and the semantic aspects of the language are described in detail. It should be noted that the proposed methods in the article and models occupy the central place in modern business processes theory.

Potential of Laboratory Execution Systems (LESs) to Simplify the Application of Business Process Management Systems (BPMSs) in Laboratory Automation.

Modern business process management (BPM) is increasingly interesting for laboratory automation. End-to-end workflow automation and improved top-level systems integration for information technology (IT) and automation systems are especially prominent objectives. With the ISO Standard Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) 2.X, a system-independent and interdisciplinary accepted graphical process control notation is provided, allowing process analysis, while also being executable. The transfer of BPM solutions to structured laboratory automation places novel demands, for example, concerning the real-time-critical process and systems integration. The article discusses the potential of laboratory execution systems (LESs) for an easier implementation of the business process management system (BPMS) in hierarchical laboratory automation. In particular, complex application scenarios, including long process chains based on, for example, several distributed automation islands and mobile laboratory robots for a material transport, are difficult to handle in BPMSs. The presented approach deals with the displacement of workflow control tasks into life science specialized LESs, the reduction of numerous different interfaces between BPMSs and subsystems, and the simplification of complex process modelings. Thus, the integration effort for complex laboratory workflows can be significantly reduced for strictly structured automation solutions. An example application, consisting of a mixture of manual and automated subprocesses, is demonstrated by the presented BPMS-LES approach.

‘Kingdom of Ends’ as Economic Model: Whether Transition is Possible?

Abstract The article considers the connection between ethics, in particular Kant’s practical philosophy, and economics. The author examines historical reasons for Kant’s ethic not to have become part of the economic discourse and interprets modern business processes from Kant’s perspective. The article aims to demonstrate the possibilities of applying the philosophical instruments of Kant’s morals to concrete economic issues.

КОРПОРАТИВНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ В УКРАЇНІ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ШЛЯХИ ЇХ ВИРІШЕННЯ

Корпорації, на сучасному етапі розвитку нашої країни, можуть стати одним із потужних і ефективних інструментів управління сучасними бізнес процесами. Запорукою не тільки інвестиційної привабливості компанії, ай гарантією ефективного функціонування підприємств в умовах зростаючої конкурентної боротьби, є ефективність корпоративного управління, і тому проблема поліпшення корпоративного управління викликає підвищений інтерес не тільки з боку вітчизняного бізнесу, законодавчої і виконавчої влади, але й вітчизняної економічної науки.
 Проведені дослідження підтверджують факт, що корпоративне управління, це складний процес, який поєднує в собі організаційно–правові, економічні, мотиваційні, соціально–психологічні та інші механізми. Ефективне управління корпораціями дає можливість по новому займатися підприємницькою діяльністю, шляхом поліпшення фінансових результатів компанії за рахунок більш високої продуктивності (рентабельності), інвестиційного капіталу, мобілізація капіталу для швидшого виконання проектів, ніж конкуренти. Критерії ефективного корпоративного управління можна розглядами двома загальним складовими: значна частка нематеріальних активів, що призводить до зростанні вартості та інвестиційної привабливості на ринку; наявність гарантованого дисциплінарного контролю за роботою топ–менеджерів.
 Процес корпоративного управління охоплює всіх учасників зацікавлених в розвитку корпорації, кожна з яких має свої інтереси. Вдосконалення системи корпоративного управління сприяє підвищенню ефективності організацій та розширенню їх доступу до зовнішніх джерел фінансування, що є однією з умов стійкого зростання економіки. Удосконалення системи корпоративного управління залишається одним із пріоритетних завдань, як на загальнодержавному рівні так і на міжнародному, проте вони мають бути розроблені з врахуванням інтересів всіх учасників.
 Крім вище перерахованих напрямів вирішення проблем корпоративного управління подальшого дослідження заслуговують такі його аспекти, як: посилення впливу держави на процеси корпоративного управління; збільшення відповідальності вищого керівництва перед усіма акціонерами; посилення ролі аудиторської діяльності управлінських органів корпорації; формування системи управління ризиками та ціла низка інших актуальних проблеми.