Moderate Insomnia Research Articles

0690 People without any sleep complaints achieve results that exceed the cut-off thresholds in standardized sleep assessment

Abstract Introduction With increasing prevalence of sleep problems in the general population, a question arises on whether standardized clinical sleep assessment shows results exceeding the cut-off thresholds in healthy subjects who do not report any sleep complaint. The aim of this ongoing study is to assess a sample of healthy subjects who report good sleep quality, for each gender in age groups 18-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-75 years old. Methods Up to now 70 healthy subjects have taken part in the project (38 females, 32 males, mean age 39.5 ±12.5, median 37 years). Assessment of sleep, and mental health related symptoms was performed using actigraphy, sleep diaries and clinical ratings scales: the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS), Morningness Eveningness Questionnaire(MEQ), Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), STOP-Bang Questionnaire, Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms (QIDS-16SR), Generalized Anxiety Disorders Scale (GAD7), World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF). Results In ISI scale 20 subjects (28,6%) reported mild and 2 subject (2,8%) moderate insomnia symptoms. In ESS 7 subjects (10.0%) were found to have mild, 5 (7,1%) moderate and 3 (4,3%) severe excessive daytime sleepiness. Anxiety symptoms reported 15 (21,4%) subjects and depressive symptoms 18 (22,9%) subjects. Moderate for risk for sleep apnea was found in 9 (12,8%) and high in one (1,4%) subject. In sleep diaries sleep latency above 30 minutes was found in 4 (5,6%) subjects, WASO above 30 minutes in 7 (10.0%) subjects, total sleep time below 6,5 hours in 22 (31,4%) subjects. Average time in bed was 474 ±55 minutes and average sleep efficiency 86,8 ±7,5%. ISI correlated with FIRST (r=0.496, p< 0.001), GAD-7 (r=0.445, p< 0,001), QIDS-SR16 (r=0,483, p< 0.001), sleep latency (r=0,313, p< 0,05), WASO (r=0,270, p< 0,05). ESS corelated with FIRST (r=0.316, p< 0,01), GAD-7 (r=0,275, p< 0,05). Conclusion Substantial proportion of subjects from the general population who did not initially report any sleep complaints obtained results exceeding suggested threshold in standard clinical scale and sleep parameters below normal valse in sleep diaries. Poor sleep indices are most related to scales measuring stress, anxiety and depressive symptoms. Support (if any)

0356 Is There an Association Between Insomnia and Temperament in Adults?

Abstract Introduction Insomnia is an increasingly prevalent health concern influenced by environmental, biological, and dispositional factors. Adult temperament is the collection of fundamental characteristics that some have hypothesized may predispose individuals to insomnia. Despite this, there is little research on the relationship between insomnia and specific temperament factors in adults. A few investigations have shown negative affect as the most consistent association with poor sleep. This study investigated relationships between insomnia and adult temperament and tested whether the association between negative affect and insomnia is better explained by depression. Methods Participants were 66 adults, (Mdn = 23, 18-49 years old), 50% female, 86% white, ranging from good (no insomnia) to poor sleepers (mild to moderate insomnia). Data were pooled from two protocols designed to investigate associations between sleep and transdiagnostic features of mental illness. As part of a broader array of questionnaires and assessments, participants completed the insomnia severity index (ISI), adult temperament questionnaire (ATQ), and the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The ATQ subscales were calculated according to previously identified factors: negative affect, effortful control, orienting sensitivity, and extraversion/surgency. Spearman’s coefficient was used to explore associations between each temperament factor and insomnia severity. Multiple regression was used to determine whether the associations between insomnia severity and negative affect remained when adjusting for PHQ-9 total score, not including the sleep items. Results Insomnia severity was significantly correlated with negative affect (ρ = 0.345, p = .005), but no other temperament factors (p> .05, for all). Regression analysis of all four ATQ factors and the PHQ-9 in predicting ISI outcomes resulted in an R2 of .45, PHQ-9 being the only significant regressor (p< .05). Conclusion We failed to find support for the hypothesis that individual differences in temperament confer risk for insomnia. Although insomnia was associated with negative affect in bivariate correlation analysis, this association may be better explained by their shared association with depression. We recommend investigating how temperament interacts with various psychological conditions such as depression and anxiety to better understand the individual differences that may impact risks for developing insomnia. Support (if any) n/a

Insomnia in patients with myocardial infarction with and without obstructive coronary arteries: prevalence and prognosis

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Spanish Society of Cardiology. Introduction Although some studies suggest a relationship between insomnia and cardiovascular disease, the initial approach of patients with myocardial infarction does not usually include the evaluation of sleep disorders as a contributing factor to cardiovascular disease. This study aims to compare the prevalence of insomnia between patients with obstructive coronary artery disease (MICAD) and those without significant coronary obstruction (MINOCA) and its impact on prognosis. Methods During a five-year period (July 2017-July 2022), all consecutive patients with myocardial infarction and coronarography were included. This study was conducted in a university hospital which covers a population of 220,000 people. Insomnia severity index (ISI) questionnaire was completed by each patient during admission. Follow-up analysis included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE: cardiovascular readmission, myocardial reinfarction, stroke, and death from any cause). Results Among 533 patients, 56 had MINOCA, and 477 had MICAD. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of insomnia between both groups: insomnia median value (M) in MINOCA: M=7 (3-11) vs MICAD M=7 (3-12), p=0.95. Analysing it by sex, the score remained similar: MINOCA women M=9 (3.5-11.5) vs MICAD M=8.5 (3.2-15), p=0.6. MINOCA men M=5.5 (3-9.7) vs MICAD M=7 (3-11), p=0.77. (Figure 1)- At the three-year follow-up, there was a relationship between the insomnia levels and survival (IC [1.1-6.6], p=0.03). When ISI score was over 7 points (subclinical insomnia, moderate insomnia, or severe insomnia) there was a relationship with more mortality: number of events under the median value =7; number of events over the median value =16; (IC [1.1-6.6], p=0.03); whereas MACE remained similar (IC [0.6-1.5], p=0.89). Conclusions In this study, the prevalence of insomnia was similar between MINOCA and MICAD patients. A higher score in the ISI questionnaire was related to a worse prognosis at the three-year follow-up.

HUBUNGAN KEBUGARAN JASMANI DENGAN INSOMNIA PADA MAHASISWA LAKI – LAKI TINGKAT AKHIR AKADEMIK FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS BATAM

One of the factors that influence insomnia is physical fitness. The worse the physical fitness, the higher the risk of developing insomnia. Insomnia can have unwanted effects, so it needs good treatment. In this study aims to determine the relationship between physical fitness and insomnia in male final year students.This research method was analytic observational with a cross-sectional approach conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Batam in 2016. The sampling technique was total sampling with a population of 49 people in 2016 which was determined by inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis uses the Spearman Correlation test. Based on the results of this study, it was shown that of the 49 respondents, the majority had good physical fitness with 14 respondents (28.6%), those who experienced insomnia were in the non-insomnia category with 12 respondents (24.5%), mild insomnia with 11 respondents ( 22.4%), moderate insomnia with a total of 18 respondents (36.7), severe insomnia with a total of 8 respondents (16.3%). Pearson's correlation test obtained a significance of p <0.001 with a correlation coefficient (r) of (+) 0.801 . This figure shows that the value of r is at the significant level (r) = (+) 0.801 to + 1, meaning that there is a strong positive relationship between the two variables. This study concluded that there was a relationship between physical fitness and insomnia in male students at the end of the academic year at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Batam

SLEEP QUALITY AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG THIRD-YEAR MEDICAL STUDENTS AT CAN THO UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY

Background: Sleep is a condition of reduced stimulation that allows the body to recoup and re-energize. Hence, poor sleep will affect the body's capacity to think and focus, raise the risk of health issues, and have a negative impact on learning, causing occupational mistakes and accidents. A busy theoretical study schedule, a clinical practice schedule at the hospital and a tight exam schedule will have certain impacts on the sleep quality of medical students. Objectives: Evaluation of quality and some factors related to sleep in third-year full-time medical students at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 200 students studying full-time medicine, course 45, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy (CTUMP). Results: Of the 56.5% of students who reported insomnia, mild insomnia accounted for 49%, moderate insomnia for 7.5%, and severe insomnia for none. The rate of reduced sleep quality was 72.7% in the group of students who consumed caffeine and 52.0% in the group who did not; the connection was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.01. The group with high physical activity had the lowest prevalence of insomnia (45.8%), and this association was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusions: More than half of third-year fulltime medical students (56.5%) experience mild to moderate insomnia with a mean PSQI scale score of 5.95±3.00 and mean sleep duration of 6.26±1.07 hours. Sleep quality in third-year medical students at CTUMP was affected by physical activity and caffeine usage.

Effect of Tinnitus on Sleep Quality and Insomnia.

Introduction Tinnitus is a conscious perception of a sound resulting from abnormal activity within the nervous system. A relevant percentage of tinnitus patients report symptoms severe enough to significantly affect quality of life, including sleep disorders. Objective To analyze the sleep quality, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in participants with tinnitus. Methods The sample comprised 18 adults and older adults aged between 18 and 85 years old (mean age = 58.7 ± 17.5 years old), females and males, with complaint of continuous tinnitus for > 1 month. The instruments used were the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) questionnaire, the Insomnia Severity Index, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the STOP-Bang questionnaire. Results By means of the THI questionnaire, the tinnitus severity degree reported by most participants was mild (27.8%) and moderate (27.8%), having a positive (r = 0.582) and significant (0.011) correlation to sleep quality, measured by means of the Pittsburgh questionnaire. There was a positive correlation between the Insomnia Severity Index and tinnitus handicap (r = 0.499; p = 0.035). A total of 72.2% of the participants self-assessed their sleep quality as poor, in addition to moderate insomnia (27.8%), although there is low risk of OSA (66.7%), without complaints of excessive daytime sleepiness (72.2%). Conclusion Subjects with tinnitus complaint self-rated their sleep quality as poor. Moreover, the higher the reported tinnitus handicap, the greater the symptoms of insomnia. There was no influence of tinnitus in relation to daytime sleepiness and no relationship between the severity of tinnitus and the risk of OSA.

P847 Insomnia is common in IBD and associated with increased disability and abdominal pain

Abstract Background Insomnia is common in those with chronic medical conditions. Insomnia is associated with decreased quality of life and is readily treatable through cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBTi). This study aimed to describe the associations with insomnia in an IBD population and its relationship with IBD related disability. Methods An online questionnaire was administered through three tertiary IBD centres, social media and through a patient advocacy group (Crohn’s Colitis Australia). The questionnaire included the insomnia index severity (ISI), a validated assessment of insomnia and its severity, with a score over 14 considered clinically significant insomnia. Validated measures of anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), physical activity (sIPAQ), and disability (IBD-DI-SR) were also utilised. IBD activity was assessed clinical IBD activity scores (HBI or SCCAI). Results There were 670 responses included in the analysis. Median age was 41 years (32-70), with the majority being female (78%), and 57% having Crohn’s disease. The mean disease duration was 11.9 years (10.4), 30% had undergone surgery for IBD and around half were on biologics (50.5%). The mean ISI score was 12.7 (6.09). Over a third of the cohort had at least moderate insomnia (ISI>15). A one-way ANOVA revealed differences in disability scores (IBD-DI-SR) (see table 1) between insomnia severity groups (F(3,619) = 20.99, p < 0.001), with disability scores worsening with increasing severity of insomnia. Multivariable logistic regression analysis (see table 2) revealed that clinically significant insomnia was significantly associated with clinically active IBD, abdominal pain, clinically significant anxiety, and clinically significant depression. Conclusion Insomnia is common in people with IBD with at least one third reporting moderate insomnia. Given that insomnia was associated with increased disability, consideration should be given for routine screening for insomnia in IBD patients. Mental health conditions and ongoing pain should be addressed with consideration given to referral for CBTi.

Mental Health Outcomes Among Tunisian Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The pandemic caused by Coronavirus-19 Disease (COVID-19) is having negative effects on healthcare workers (HCW) mental health due to the tremendous amount of stress to which they are exposed to. We aimed to assess the number of mental health outcomes among HCW treating patients with COVID-19. This cross-sectional study collected demographic data and mental health measurements from HCW in different hospitals using an online questionnaire. Participants were asked to complete the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the 7-item Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7). One hundred and forty-one participants with a mean age of 30.6±25 years and a sex ratio of 0.3 completed the online questionnaire. Participants from major university-hospital centers of northern Tunisia were divided into two groups: 78% medical and 22% paramedical staff. Twenty-two participants (15.6%) had a chronic disease, and 21 (14.9%) had a history of depression. Nineteen (13.4%) of the participants were infected with COVID-19. Thirteen percent of participants experienced the same anxiety level as the first-time taking care of COVID-19 patients, while 65% were rather an at ease compared to the first time. Forty-seven percent of participants felt the need for psychological support, and 16.7% of them had consulted a psychiatrist. Mild depression was detected in 14.1% of cases, moderate depression in 4.2% of cases, and severe depression in 2.1% of cases. As for anxiety, 36.1% of participants suffered from mild anxiety, 14.9% from moderate anxiety, and 4.9% from severe anxiety. Mild insomnia was detected in 44.6% of cases, moderate insomnia in 14.9% of cases, and severe insomnia in 9.9% of cases. Female gender (depression: P=0.05; anxiety: P=0.05; insomnia: P=0.02), having friends or relatives with COVID (depression: P=0.01; anxiety: P=0.05), psychiatric illness (depression: P=0.05; anxiety: P=0.01; insomnia: P=0.01), and chronic disease (depression: P=0.02; anxiety: P=0.03) were significantly associated with more severe mental health symptoms. Tunisian HCW experienced psychological burdens and a high rate of anxiety, depression, and insomnia. HCW should be protected in order to promote mental well-being.

Prevalence of Insomnia among Paediatric Cancer Patients: A Hospital-based Observational Study

Introduction: Insomnia and other sleep disturbances are the common occurrences in paediatric patients suffering from cancer. These may be attributed to the disease itself or its treatment and accompanying psychosocial stress. Sleep disorders including insomnia are known to have a detrimental effect on the quality of life in these patients. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of insomnia among cancer patients aged 1-15 years admitted in the paediatric oncology ward. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational, hospital-based study was conducted in the Paediatric Oncology ward, Shri Maharaja Gulab Singh (SMGS) Hospital, Government. Medical College (tertiary care institute), Jammu, India, from June 2022 to August 2022. A total of 50 patients, in the age group of 1-15 years, diagnosed with malignancies like leukaemia, lymphoma, aplastic anaemia, hepatoblastoma, etc., were enrolled after taking informed consent from their parents. Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was administered to parents of children below 10 years age and to patients themselves who were between 10-15 years to screen for symptoms of insomnia with the help of their parents/investigators as and when required. Continuous variables were expressed as mean±Standard Deviation (SD) and categorical variables were summarised as frequencies and percentages. Results: The study subjects were distributed according to their age into three groups, as 1-5 years (n=26), 6-10 years (n=16), and 11-15 years (n=8). There were 24 (48%) males and 26 (52%) females. In this study, 32 (64%) study subjects did not have insomnia, 5 (10%) had subthreshold insomnia,13 (26%) had moderate insomnia and none had severe insomnia. Conclusion: The prevalence of insomnia found in the study was 26%. Insomnia is common in paediatric cancer patients necessitating its recognition and management for improved quality of life.

Impact of Insomnia on Anxiety and Depression among Post Stroke Patients

Introduction: Insomnia is prevalent but unappreciated condition follows a stroke that can hamper recovery. The impact of insomnia on post stroke patient’s anxiety and depression remains unclear. Aim/Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate the association between the Insomnia with Anxiety and Depression among post stroke patients. Methodology: A cross sectional, observational, study was conducted among post stroke patients, aged above 30years. Of 200 responses, 191 responses who were willing to participate in the study were included. The survey instrument used were Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) to access the anxiety, depression and quality of sleep among post stoke patients. Results: Majority of the study participants were males (59.2 %). In the present study, 34% of the participants were under the age group of 50 – 60. Based on Insomnia Severity Index majority of the responders had moderate insomnia (57%). Majority of study population had abnormal (71.20%) level of Anxiety and borderline (41.36%) depression level. There was significant association of severity of ISI with severity of Anxiety (p-0.030) and depression (p-0.049) among post stroke patients. Conclusion: Stroke leads to significant reduction in quality of life. Reduction in daily activity results in worsening of function and disturbance in sleep, leads to depression that affects the physical and mental health. Post stroke patients with the symptoms of insomnia are at the risk of developing anxiety and depression.

Pengaruh Senam Lansia Terhadap Skala Insomnia di Kelurahan Sidodadi

Insomnia is a sleep disorder that is often experienced by the elderly. Sleep is a brain process that is needed by a person to function properly. Sleep does not mean a busy routine, sleep is important for health, emotional function, mental and safety. With increasing age there is a decrease in sleep hours, the need for sleep decreases from infancy to old age. The average healthy adult needs 7 hours of sleep at night. Sleep deprivation in the elderly has an effect on physical, cognitive abilities, and psychological disorders. Based on a preliminary study, it was found that 23 elderly people experienced insomnia. Symptoms that often arise are difficulty sleeping at night, irritability, depression, anxiety, ulcers and difficulty start sleeping. One alternative to overcome insomnia is elderly exercise, this exercise will stimulate the HPA Axis mechanism to secrete melatonin, then from the hypothalamus it will be forwarded to the pituitary for the formation of beta endorphins and encephalins which can cause a relaxed condition. This study is a pre-experimental design research with the type of research "One-Group Pretest-post test". The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of elderly exercise on the insomnia scale. Elderly who experience severe insomnia, 10 (43%) elderly who experience moderate insomnia, and 8 (35%) elderly who experience mild insomnia.

Influence of Brain Gym Activities on Sleep Quality in Moderate Insomnia.

Mental health has suffered considerably as a result of advancing time and technological developments. Poor quality of sleep affects people of all ages, and non-pharmacological remedies are becoming increasingly important. Nearly 60% of all undergraduate students are reported to have a poor quality of sleep, with 7.7% fitting the criteria for insomnia. Sleep deprivation is found to affect the immune function, brain maturation, development of the body, metabolic process, and cognition, as well as maintaining normal homeostasis of the body. Sleep quality and quantity have a severe influence on learning and memory and thus a major influence on students’ quality of life. Brain gym exercises are a formidable contender in this race. Still, further study is required before a solid conclusion can be formed on its value as an intervention, so to evaluate the effect of brain gym exercises as a non-pharmacological measure, this study was conducted with a total of 65 participants based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria with the duration of practice as five days in a week with a session of 25 minutes with adequate intervals. An insomnia rating scale (IRS) is used to get the desired population for giving the intervention, along with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). This study was conducted at the Physiotherapy College of Wardha. The results were given by statistical analysis using descriptive and inferential statistics. The data analysis depicted that after the brain gym activity intervention, there was a marked reduction in the score of PSQI, suggesting significant improvement in their sleep quality, and it can be used as non-pharmacological management for mild to moderate insomnia students.

Lúpulo y valeriana en el manejo del insomnio. Opinión de expertos; recomendaciones para su uso en el primer nivel de atención médica

Introduction. Insomnia is a complaint of dissatisfaction with the quantity and/or quality of sleep. It may consist of difficulty initiating and/or maintaining sleep and waking up early in the morning, which leads to a significant deterioration in daily functioning. The breaking point between acute and chronic insomnia is three months duration. Occasionally there is an identifiable trigger. Insomnia is a frequent and commonly overlooked disorder in the primary care setting. It produces frequent complications such as anxiety, depression, decreased quality of life, diminished cognitive abilities and memory, accidents, lower productivity at work, increased risk of alcoholism, as well as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia and type II diabetes mellitus. Valeriana officinalis (valerian extract) has been used as a treatment for anxiety and insomnia since the Middle Ages. It is currently approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) and the EMA (European Medicines Agency) as a treatment for mild anxiety and insomnia. Likewise, Humulus lupulus (hops extract) has been traditionally used since ancient times for treating insomnia as part of the European herbal pharmacopoeia. Material and Methods. An interdisciplinary group of experts held several meetings to generate search terms, develop a literature search protocol to examine and weigh the evidence and create consensus recommendations for the use of a fixed and standardized dose of 250 mg of valerian extract and 60 mg of hops extract in the management of insomnia in primary care. Results. The evidence supports the effectiveness and safety of a fixed and standardized dose of 250 mg of valerian extract and 60 mg of hops extract in the management of mild to moderate insomnia. In order to support the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia, recommendations were generated for using these phytopharmaceuticals in the first level of medical care. Conclusions. The fixed combination of valerian and hops extracts helps manage insomnia in the practice of family and general medicine, as well as in obstetrics and gynecology at the recommended doses and duration. It is crucial to make a timely and correct diagnosis and refer patients with severe insomnia or associated pathology to a specialist.

Association between insomnia severity and presenteeism among Japanese daytime workers.

Presenteeism is the loss of productivity due to a worker's health problems, despite the worker being present at the workplace. Although the association between presenteeism and insomnia complaints is well known, few studies have examined the association between insomnia severity and presenteeism. This study aimed to explore the association between insomnia severity and presenteeism. This study included 1925 participants (1543 males, 379 females, and three of other genders) in total. The mean age of the participants was 49.94 ± 9.82 years. The inclusion criteria were full-time employment, working 8hr per day and 5 days per week, and having no night shifts. The insomnia severity was classified based on the Insomnia Severity Index and Athens Insomnia Scale criteria. Logistic regression analysis showed that moderate and severe insomnia severity were associated to a greater magnitude with presenteeism than mild insomnia severity. Severe insomnia severity was associated to a greater magnitude with presenteeism than moderate insomnia severity. In summary, logistic regression analysis showed that increased insomnia severity based on Insomnia Severity Index classification was associated with increased odds of presenteeism, but increased insomnia severity based on Athens Insomnia Scale classification was not fully consistent with increased odds of presenteeism. Because increased insomnia severity is associated with worsening of presenteeism, early detection of and early intervention against insomnia complaints are important for reducing presenteeism. This study was the first to examine the associations between presenteeism and insomnia severity classification of no insomnia, mild, moderate, and severe insomnia severity.

The prevalence and severity of insomnia symptoms during COVID-19: A global systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

IntroductionThere have been no previous meta-analytic studies that have looked at the prevalence of insomnia symptoms in different COVID-19 groups using a single assessment instrument to evaluate insomnia symptoms while maintaining data homogeneity. The current review's associated goal is to undertake an individual participant data (IPD) analysis to further investigate past meta-analyses, a method that has been shown to be more robust than standard meta-analyses. MeethodsOnly studies that used the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) to assess insomnia are used in this analysis. The IPDMA was performed and registered in PROSPERO in compliance with the PRISMA IPD Statement (CRD42021275817). From November 2019 to August 2021, researchers explored seventeen databases and six preprint services for relevant studies. ResultsThe pooled estimate of insomnia symptoms (subthreshold and clinically significant) was 52.57%. An estimated 16.66% of the population suffered from clinically significant insomnia, of which 13.75% suffered from moderate insomnia, and 2.50% suffered from severe insomnia. The different populations' grouping had no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of insomnia symptoms. Insomnia symptoms did not appear to be associated with age or sex. ConclusionOur findings imply that the COVID-19 pandemic is linked to a significant rise in subthreshold insomnia symptoms, but not to moderate or severe insomnia. Educating people from all walks of life about the importance of sleep and the risk of acquiring insomnia symptoms during this or future pandemics should be a top concern.

Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy to Improve Sleep Quality in Older Adults with Insomnia.

There is a high prevalence of insomnia in older adults, which has negative consequences for their well-being and quality of life. The recommendation for first-line treatments is to administer non-pharmacological interventions. The objective of this research was to verify the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in older adults with subclinical and moderate insomnia, studying its impact on sleep quality. One hundred and six older adults participated and were assigned to the subclinical insomnia (n = 50) or moderate insomnia (n = 56) groups; subsequently, they were randomly assigned to the control and intervention groups. Subjects were evaluated at two times with the Insomnia Severity Index and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Significant results were obtained on both scales, with a reduction in insomnia symptoms in the subclinical and moderate intervention groups. The administration of a treatment that combines mindfulness and cognitive therapy is effective for treating insomnia in older adults.

Sleep Quality and Insomnia Severity among Italian University Students: A Latent Profile Analysis.

Insomnia is a widespread sleep disorder associated with physical and mental health conditions. Although the heterogeneity of insomnia presentations has been acknowledged, research investigating clinically meaningful insomnia subtypes is still ongoing. This study aimed at exploring insomnia subtypes according to widely-used measures of symptoms severity and sleep quality among Italian university students using a latent profile analysis. Data were collected from 490 students reporting relevant insomnia symptoms through an online cross-sectional survey comprising the Insomnia Severity Index, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and the Short Form-12. Latent profile analysis identified five insomnia subtypes. The severe insomnia (8.8%) group showed the highest insomnia severity, with diverse complaints concerning sleep quality and daytime functioning. Moderate insomnia with sleep duration complaints (8.4%) and moderate insomnia with medication use (15.9%) subgroups were characterized by middle range insomnia severity, with problems of sleep continuity and sleep medication use, respectively. Subthreshold insomnia with sleep latency complaints (20.4%) and subthreshold insomnia (46.5%) groups showed attenuated insomnia symptoms. Higher psychological complaints and worse quality of life were associated with greater sleep complaints. Overall, these findings highlight the relevance of sleep quality domains in identifying insomnia subtypes and might help optimize insomnia treatments.

The Effectiveness Of Elderly Exercise In Decreasing The Level Of Insomnia

Background: Aging is not a disease for the elderly and is not an obstacle to being able to maintain productivity and independence in carrying out daily life days. However, entering old age, many experience physical and mental setbacks, which can cause problems with disease, depression, and sleep disturbances. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of elderly exercise in reducing the level of insomnia in the elderly Methods: The research method used is the Quasy Experimental with the design one-group Pretest-Posttest population is the elderly who experience insomnia in Posbindu Pesona UPT Puskesmas Agel Lahat with a sample of 50 respondents They were taken on the total side. Data were collected from respondents by distributing questionnaires before and after counseling to respondents. Results: The results showed that the initial observation found that 50 41 respondents (82%) had moderate insomnia after being given the elderly exercise technique. 46 respondents (92%) with mild insomnia and four (8%) with moderate insomnia experienced mild insomnia. The results of the Defendant T-Test showed significant results P = 0.00. This shows the effect of the Effectiveness of the Elderly Gymnastics Technique on the reduction of Insomnia Levels. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the level of insomnia in elderly mothers between before being given the elderly exercise technique and after being given the elderly exercise technique.

The Contribution of Physical and Mental Trainings to Depression and Insomnia Disorders in Older Adults

Introduction: Aging is associated with biological changes and may lead to various cognitive behavioural disorders such as insomnia and depression. Non-pharmacological interventions with pharmacological therapies would be effective, economical, and safe. The present study compared the effect of muscle strength-range of movement (MSROM) training and digital game on insomnia and depression disorders in older women and men.
 
 Methods: This was a quasi-experimental pre/post- intervention. After recruitment invitations and screening, 92 participants were randomly assigned into three groups including physical training (PT; n = 31), mental training (MT; n = 30) and control group (CG; n = 31). Insomnia and depression were measured by insomnia severity index and geriatric depression scale (short form), respectively. The training programs were held 3 days per week for 8 weeks. Physical training began with 25 minutes in the first week and finished with 60 minutes in the eighth week using Borg rating of perceived exertion within the desired 13 to 15 range. A mental game has been launched on Android operating systems on cell phones/tablets which consisted of 4 games with 3 levels. Differences in variables were assessed via Factorial ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test (p ≤ 0.05).
 
 Results: The Bonferroni post-hoc test revealed significant decreases in PT compared with CG in men (p = 0.010) and women (p = 0.038) regarding insomnia. Furthermore, there were significant decreases in PT compared with CG (p = 0.005) and PT compared with MT (p = 0.003) in men regarding depression; Significant decreases were also observed through comparing PT with CG (p = 0.043) in women regarding depression.
 
 Conclusion: Findings demonstrated that MSROM training improved moderate insomnia and mild depression compared to smart thinker training in older women and men regardless of gender.

Assessment of Sleep Features, Mental Health Outcomes, and Alcohol and Tobacco Consumption in Residents and Fellows in Otolaryngology Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The workload of many residents and fellows in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery has particularly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, outcomes associated with mental health status and sleep remain unclear. To assess the sleep, mental status, and alcohol and tobacco consumption habits of residents and fellows before the COVID-19 pandemic (before March 10, 2020) and during the pandemic period (after March 10, 2020). This cohort study included residents and fellows of 6 university hospitals of European regions with a high prevalence of COVID-19 cases. Survey development, data collection, and analyses were performed from March 10, 2020, to June 30, 2021. Residents and fellows were invited to respond to a survey assessing management of treatment in patients with COVID-19 and related work features; stress and mental health status (Beck Depression Inventory); sleep features (Insomnia Severity Index); and alcohol and tobacco consumption. Of 220 potential participants, 128 residents and fellows (58.2%) completed the evaluations. No demographic data on mean (SD) age and sex or gender were collected. The prepandemic mean (SD) score of the Beck Depression Inventory (3.1 [2.8]) significantly increased after the start of the pandemic (mean [SD] score, 4.2 [4.1]; difference, -1.1; 95% CI, -1.96 to -0.24; d = 0.31), and the prepandemic mean (SD) score of the Insomnia Severity Index (4.9 [4.1) significantly increased after the start of the pandemic (mean [SD] score, 6.0 [4.9]; difference, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.00-2.2; d = 0.25). Insomnia concerned 46% of participants (51 of 112), and depression concerned 47% of participants (55 of 116) during the pandemic. The mean (SD) prepandemic alcohol consumption (1.7 [2.3] IU per week) significantly increased after the start of the pandemic (mean [SD], 2.9 [4.0] IU per week; difference, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.40-2.00; d = 0.37). Residents and fellows who were mobilized in COVID-19 units reported significant increases of workload (r = 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1-0.3), stress level (r = 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1-0.3), and alcohol consumption (for 5-10 IU per week: mean [SD] prepandemic, 11 [8] IU per week vs postpandemic, 20 [16] IU per week; d = 0.37) and a worsening of sleep status (for moderate insomnia: mean [SD] prepandemic Insomnia Severity Index, 4 [3] vs postpandemic, 15 [12]; d = 0.25). There was a significant association between alcohol consumption and the Beck Depression Inventory score (r = 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2-0.6). The mean (SD) consumption of tobacco decreased from 2.1 (1.3) to 0.9 (1.5) (difference, -1.20; 95% CI, -1.50 to -0.85; d = 0.85). Results of this cohort study suggest that the workload of residents and fellows increased during the pandemic, which may be associated with a worsening of mental health and sleep status and an increase of alcohol consumption.