Symbiosis Model Research Articles

Analysis of the Causes and Mitigation Paths of Artificial Intelligence Anxiety among Journalism Practitioners

The transformation of news media into intelligent media is in the ascendant, and artificial intelligence (AI) technology has brought news practitioners into the era of intelligent production, but also brought them the psychological worry of AI anxiety. The study analyses the causes of AI anxiety among news practitioners from three aspects: the dissolution of their professional concepts, the prevalence of professional substitution, and the polarisation of professional skill requirements, and proposes a path to alleviate the problem by balancing self-efficacy and psychological expectations through scientific cognition, promoting the human-machine symbiosis model in the field of journalism through multi-party collaboration, and providing special support to improve the protection of news practitioners' profession.

Stability and bifurcation in a two-patch commensal symbiosis model with nonlinear dispersal and additive Allee effect

In this paper, a two-patch model with additive Allee effect, nonlinear dispersal and commensalism is proposed and studied. The stability of equilibria and the existence of saddle-node bifurcation, transcritical bifurcation are discussed. Through qualitative analysis of the model, we know that the persistence and the extinction of population are influenced by the Allee effect, dispersal and commensalism. Combining with numerical simulation, the study shows that the total population density will increase when the Allee effect constant [Formula: see text] increases or [Formula: see text] decreases. In addition to suppress the Allee effect, nonlinear dispersal and commensalism are crucial to the survival of the species in the two patches.

Mining rhizobacteria from indigenous halophytes to enhance alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) growth and soil reclamation in saline soils of Northwest China

Enhancing the growth of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) through inoculation with rhizobacteria represents a sustainable strategy for reclaiming saline soils. However, the lack of suitable strains and practical application guidelines poses significant challenges to the utilization of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) in salt-affected soils of Northwest China. In this study, we selected four PGPR strains derived from indigenous halophytes based on their growth-promoting characteristics. These strains underwent further selection via a petri dish assay. Subsequently, the effects of the selected PGPR strains on alfalfa growth and soil fertility were rigorously examined through pot trials. The results demonstrated that Bacillus filamentosus HL3, B. filamentosus HL6, Bacillus subtilis subsp. stercoris HG12, and Paenibacillus peoriae HG24 significantly produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), solubilized phosphorus, and fixed nitrogen (except for B. filamentosus HL6, which did not significantly fix nitrogen). Compared to non-inoculated plants, B. filamentosus HL6 and B. subtilis subsp. stercoris HG12 significantly enhanced seed germination, root elongation, and seedling biomass in a 150 mM NaCl saline solution. In saline-alkaline soils, PGPR inoculation under brackish water irrigation did not restore alfalfa growth to the levels observed under freshwater irrigation. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) condensed ten indicators into two indices, explaining 86.85% of the variance. Using these two indices as weights, an evaluation model for the PGPR-alfalfa symbiosis indicated that B. subtilis subsp. stercoris HG12 had the most substantial effect under freshwater irrigation, while co-inoculation with B. subtilis subsp. stercoris HG12 and B. filamentosus HL6 had the most significant impact on alfalfa growth and soil improvement under brackish water irrigation. Available phosphorus was identified as the primary factor influencing alfalfa growth, contributing 82.3% to the growth variation. These findings provide suitable microbial strains for the utilization of saline-alkali land and underscore the potential of applying indigenous PGPR-alfalfa symbiotic techniques to improve soil fertility and crop yield in the arid regions of Northwest China.

Immunology of the “sensible world” and of the “intelligible world”: the evolutionary decline and the “constructed reality”

The term “immunity” was introduced in medicine due to Ilya Mechnikov. However, the concept of infection resistance existed in European culture long before Mechnikov in the form of s.c. “vital force”. According to holistic methodology, the history of immunology can be divided into three unequal periods: 1) vitalistic – from antiquity to the discoveries of Mechnikov and Ehrlich; 2) “Mechnikov time” (1890s – 1916); and 3) a post-Mechnikov period (1916 – present). At the beginning of 18th century, the existence of “vital force” ideas created the possibility to adapt variolation in Europe, which was based on medieval magical-mystical concepts. Without generalizing of variolation experience, Edward Jenner would hardly have been able to discover vaccination. Scientific ideas of Mechnikov were not a categorical denial of the previous period of immunology. For almost 20 years, he himself had to fend off teleological and vitalistic accusations from the side of those biologists who denied the possibility of phagocytes to act expediently. An analogy helped Mechnikov to confirm his intuition was the phenomenon of intracellular digestion of amoebas or ciliates. Besides, he experimentally proved that phagocytosis was the product of evolution and not a “god gift”. However, in his works, Mechnikov also addressed to the category of “healing forces of the body.” Modern immunology now faces a number of theoretical contradictions and methodological difficulties related to reductionists paradigm: as far as the “split” between the world of “immune objects” (immune cells receptors, antibodies, cytokines, etc.) and “subjectness” of its basic categories “self-nonself”, “immune aggression, “immune defence”, etc., Ilya Mechnikov tried to overcome this contradiction substantiating the phenomenon of phagocytosis as functional system acting in accordance with defense purpose. The construction of “holistic” subject-object models of immunity (such as the symbiosis model of plant immunity) could be a way of overcoming the aforementioned contradictions.

Host range of naturally and artificially evolved symbiotic bacteria for a specific host insect.

Diverse insects are intimately associated with specific symbiotic bacteria, where host and symbiont are integrated into an almost inseparable biological entity. These symbiotic bacteria usually exhibit host specificity, uncultivability, reduced genome size, and other peculiar traits relevant to their symbiotic lifestyle. How host-symbiont specificity is established at the very beginning of symbiosis is of interest but poorly understood. To gain insight into the evolutionary issue, we adopted an experimental approach using the recently developed evolutionary model of symbiosis between the stinkbug Plautia stali and Escherichia coli. Based on the laboratory evolution of P. stali-E. coli mutualism, we selected ΔcyaA mutant of E. coli as an artificial symbiont of P. stali that has established mutualism by a single mutation. In addition, we selected a natural cultivable symbiont of P. stali of relatively recent evolutionary origin. These artificial and natural symbiotic bacteria of P. stali were experimentally inoculated to symbiont-deprived newborn nymphs of diverse stinkbug species. Strikingly, the mutualistic E. coli was unable to establish infection and support growth and survival of all the stinkbug species except for P. stali, uncovering that host specificity can be established at a very early stage of symbiotic evolution. Meanwhile, the natural symbiont was able to establish infection and support growth and survival of several stinkbug species in addition to P. stali, unveiling that a broader host range of the symbiont has evolved in nature. Based on these findings, we discuss what factors are relevant to the establishment of host specificity in the evolution of symbiosis.IMPORTANCEHow does host-symbiont specificity emerge at the very beginning of symbiosis? This question is difficult to address because it is generally difficult to directly observe the onset of symbiosis. However, recent development of experimental evolutionary approaches to symbiosis has brought about a breakthrough. Here we tackled this evolutionary issue using a symbiotic Escherichia coli created in laboratory and a natural Pantoea symbiont, which are both mutualistic to the stinkbug Plautia stali. We experimentally replaced essential symbiotic bacteria of diverse stinkbugs with the artificial and natural symbionts of P. stali and evaluated whether the symbiotic bacteria, which evolved for a specific host, can establish infection and support the growth and survival of heterospecific hosts. Strikingly, the artificial symbiont showed strict host specificity to P. stali, whereas the natural symbiont was capable of symbiosis with diverse stinkbugs, which provide insight into how host-symbiont specificity can be established at early evolutionary stages of symbiosis.

Exploring the decision model for tourism symbiosis of ancient villages and towns based on tourist reviews: A case study of Huaihua City in China

AbstractTo ensure the sustainable development of regional tourism, it is essential to differentiate between adjacent tourist attractions in a state of homogeneous competition. This study proposes a decision model for the tourism symbiosis of ancient villages and towns (AVTs) using tourist reviews. Their co‐occurrence and individual characteristics were extracted through content analysis, and a probabilistic linguistic CODAS method with a newly defined distance was employed for sentiment analysis. Four clustered AVTs located in Huaihua City, China, were selected to validate the decision model. The results indicate that a long history and culture, ethnic customs, and a serene atmosphere comprise co‐occurrence characteristics, while material landscape, spiritual culture, emotional cognition, and tourism services comprise individual characteristics. The corresponding tourism symbiotic development schemes, including cultural construction, life experience, and pastoral entertainment, are proposed based on the advantages and potentials perceived by tourists. The decision model could contribute to sustainable development of rural areas.

Rice-fish symbiosis improves the muscle nutrition and intestinal flora diversity of tilapia

Rice-fish symbiosis is an ecological farming model that can improve fish’s muscle nutrient profile and intestinal flora. We investigated the effect of rice-fish symbiosis on tilapia’s intestinal flora and muscle nutrients. We used 16S rDNA technology to analyze the intestinal flora of tilapia in pond culture and rice-fish symbiosis. Furthermore, spearman correlation analysis was performed on tilapia intestinal flora and muscle nutrients. The results showed that the contents of Valine, Phenylalanine, and Docosahexaenoic acid were significantly higher in the rice-fish symbiosis than those in the pond culture (p<0.05). Intestinal flora analysis showed that the diversity in rice-fish symbiosis was significantly higher than in pond culture (p<0.05). Meanwhile, the abundance of Brevundimonas, Pseudomonas, and Ralstonia in rice-fish symbiosis was significantly higher than those in pond culture (p<0.05), but Pirellulaceae unclassified and Cyanobium_PCC-6307 were opposite. The number of 8 predictive functional tilapia genes in the rice-fish symbiosis was higher than in the pond culture. Correlation analysis showed that the abundance of Ralstonia was positively correlated with the contents of Valine, Phenylalanine, and Docosahexaenoic acid, respectively. Our study shows that the rice-fish symbiosis could improve muscle nutrient profile and intestinal flora diversity in tilapia. This study will help to improve the rice-fish symbiosis model and provide a scientific basis for ecological aquaculture and healthy fish production.

How Enterprises Achieve Frugal Innovation: A Configurational Study Based on the Model of Organizational Symbiosis

Frugal innovation offers cost-effective, demand-driven products for consumers in emerging markets. By leveraging this approach, enterprises can capitalize on opportunities, boost profits, and nurture beneficial consumer relationships. This study uses the transaction cost theory to explore how symbiotic relationships within environmental turbulence influence frugal innovation. The goal is to unravel the interconnected factors that drive high-performance frugal innovation, providing enterprises with a roadmap for seizing opportunities, enhancing profitability, and cultivating enduring consumer relationships. Data from 218 Chinese enterprises were collected through a survey and analyzed using fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) and Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA) methods. The research findings indicate that factors such as market dynamics, technological dynamics, collaboration with suppliers and customers, relationship governance, contract governance, and inter-organizational trust are not necessary prerequisites for high frugal innovation performance. Instead, the synergy among these factors is imperative for reaching elevated levels of frugal innovation performance. Furthermore, three distinct pathways to heightened frugal innovation performance were identified: a dual-drive mechanism involving membership relationships and governance mechanisms, a membership-driven approach in dynamic technological conditions, and a governance mechanism-driven approach in dynamic market conditions. This study offers valuable theoretical and practical insights for enterprises pursuing frugal innovation in turbulent environments, guiding them towards sustained growth and competitive advantages in new markets.

Economic Methods of Managing the Environmental Safety of Cities Abroad: Tax Aspect

The purpose of the study is to analyze and generalize the economic methods used abroad for managing the environmental safety of a city and to assess the possibility of their use in the practice of Russian cities. The relevance of the work is conditioned by the fact that a significant part of large Russian cities and megalopolises are faced with serious problems in the environmental sphere. Abroad, many years of experience have been accumulated in solving similar issues through the use of methods for managing the environmental safety of the city, which is an argument in favor of its study. The article analyzes the practice of OECD countries in applying economic measures to reduce environmental pollution, ensure environmental balance and comfortable living conditions for the city population. Particular attention is paid to the powers of local governments in the environmental sphere and the degree of their financial autonomy; the benefits of environmental taxation in EU countries, including the transition to a low-carbon economy; organization of ecological cooperation on the principles of the circular economy and within the framework of the model of industrial symbiosis for the processing or use of industrial and household waste. In the course of the work, general scientific and special methods were used, including content analysis of literary sources, comparison, grouping, analogy, systemic and structural analysis, logical generalization. The results of the study consist in assessing the possibilities and determining the conditions for introducing the best foreign practices in environmental safety management in Russian cities; they can be useful to specialists dealing with both the problems of forming management decisions to stabilize the environmental situation in the city, greening the tax system at the local level, and ensuring the rational use of resources in a mobilization economy through cooperative relations in the processing of industrial and household waste through recycling.

Comparison theorem for systems of differential equations and its application to estimate the average time benefit from resource collection

One of the versions of the comparison theorem for systems of ordinary differential equations is proved, the consequence of which is the property of monotonicity of solutions with respect to initial data. We consider the problem of estimating the average time profit from resource extraction for a structured population consisting of individual species $x_1,\ldots,x_n$, or divided into $n$ age groups. We assume that the dynamics of the population in the absence of exploitation is given by a system of differential equations $\dot x =f(x)$, and at times $\tau(k)=kd$, $d>0$, a certain share of the biological resource is extracted from the population $u(k)=(u_1(k),\ldots,u_n(k))\in [0,1]^n$, $k=1,2,\ldots.$ It is shown that using the comparison theorem it is possible to find estimates of the average time benefit in cases when analytical solutions for relevant systems are not known. The results obtained are illustrated for models of interaction between two species, such as symbiosis and competition. It is shown that for models of symbiosis, commensalism and neutralism, the greatest value of the average time profit is achieved with the simultaneous exploitation of two types of resources. For populations between which an interaction of the “competition” type is observed, cases in which it is advisable to extract only one type of resource are highlighted.

RGBD Synergetic Model for Image Enhancement in Animation Advertisements

This paper proposes a depth image symbiosis model to solve the problem of insufficient depth image quality in animated advertising. The model uses image surface information and image edge cues as the main guidance information to obtain image symbiosis information. Research data show that the model designed in this paper performs well in convergence, and enters a stable convergence process when the number of iterations is less than 5. Its PSNR data curve has the highest position and best performance, while a composite model structure has been adopted. Compared with the unitary model, the PSNR of this model reaches 41 dB when the number of iterations reaches 5, and the convergence effect of the three-step training is also better. Finally, in practical applications, the average PSNR value of the model mentioned in this article is the highest, 37.1 dB. From this comprehensive perspective, the depth image enhancement model in this study has better comprehensive performance and can provide better image enhancement effects for animation advertising depth images.

The association between Dioscorea sansibarensis and Orrella dioscoreae as a model for hereditary leaf symbiosis.

Hereditary, or vertically-transmitted, symbioses affect a large number of animal species and some plants. The precise mechanisms underlying transmission of functions of these associations are often difficult to describe, due to the difficulty in separating the symbiotic partners. This is especially the case for plant-bacteria hereditary symbioses, which lack experimentally tractable model systems. Here, we demonstrate the potential of the leaf symbiosis between the wild yam Dioscorea sansibarensis and the bacterium Orrella dioscoreae (O. dioscoreae) as a model system for hereditary symbiosis. O. dioscoreae is easy to grow and genetically manipulate, which is unusual for hereditary symbionts. These properties allowed us to design an effective antimicrobial treatment to rid plants of bacteria and generate whole aposymbiotic plants, which can later be re-inoculated with bacterial cultures. Aposymbiotic plants did not differ morphologically from symbiotic plants and the leaf forerunner tip containing the symbiotic glands formed normally even in the absence of bacteria, but microscopic differences between symbiotic and aposymbiotic glands highlight the influence of bacteria on the development of trichomes and secretion of mucilage. This is to our knowledge the first leaf symbiosis where both host and symbiont can be grown separately and where the symbiont can be genetically altered and reintroduced to the host.

Business models for symbiosis between the alumina and cement industries

Global alumina production generates approximately 150–170 million tonnes of bauxite residue (BR), predominately landfilled. The cement industry is looking for new supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) to replace additional clinker volumes and reduce their carbon footprint. Symbiosis between the alumina and cement industries presents an opportunity to conserve resources and produce low-carbon cements by thermally modifying BR into novel SCMs. This research uses the Horizon 2020 ReActiv project as a case study to evaluate the suitability of different modified BRs for use as SCMs using evidence from project documentation and participant observations from progress meetings. It also explores symbiotic business model configurations between alumina and cement industries through semi-structured interviews with ReActiv project participants. Results indicate that thermal modification of BR significantly increases its cementitious value, and should optimally be carried out in alumina plants, with the cement industry then grinding and mixing the resulting SCM with other cement components.

AS RELAÇÕES DE PODER E A LIBERDADE DE MANIFESTAÇÃO FRENTE À CRISE DE LEGITIMIDADE DO ESTADO-NAÇÃO

The objective of the study is to analyze the relations of power and authority from the perspective of the phenomenon of legitimation, in the search for obtaining consensus and producing voluntary obedience in Society. The perspective of the use of force is also addressed, given its direct correlation with the very notion of State and as an attribute of power aimed at maintaining sovereignty, although its recurrent use may represent a kind of systemic anomaly. The premises point to an exhaustion of the model of symbiosis between legitimacy and legality as a sufficient factor to support current state structures in the face of the perplexity of those in power in the face of a complex, unequal and digital society. In another aspect, the structures of social domination are analyzed based on the interaction between economy and power, given their essentially patrimonial content and a determining historical factor in establishing the social position of individuals in the process of social stratification. Finally, the exercise of freedom of expression is addressed in the face of the multiplicity of contemporary social demands in the face of questioning the authority and legitimacy of state institutions.

Traces of missing encrusters: borings reveal sclerobiont taphonomy in the Upper Ordovician (Katian) of the Cincinnati region, USA

ABSTRACT The abundant shells and hardgrounds in the Cincinnatian Group (Upper Ordovician, Katian) of the upper midwestern United States were commonly encrusted and bored by a variety of organisms. Numerous studies of these sclerobiont communities have provided valuable data for models of ecological succession, symbiosis, space and food resource competition, and taphonomy. An underlying assumption of this work is that most of the skeletal encrusters have remained in place, firmly attached to their hard substrates. This is especially the case with the most common encrusters, thick trepostome bryozoan and cystoporate skeletons, on their most common substrates, flat strophomenide brachiopods. We present evidence here, though, that these bryozoans were often dislodged from their brachiopod hosts, leaving no evidence of their attachment other than horizontal borings in semi-relief from organisms that excavated tunnels (Trypanites and Palaeosabella) at the interface of the brachiopod shell and attaching bryozoan. Similar borings are found on the bases of dislodged bryozoans and in bryoimmured mollusc external moulds. These borings along the bryozoan attachment surfaces caution us that there are significant numbers of missing skeletal encrusters on these hard substrates.

An Analysis of the Main Explanatory Framework for the Coordinated Development of Overseas Chinese Heritage Language Education and International Chinese Language Education from the Perspective of Symbiosis Theory

Driven by the value and application of Chinese language, global Chinese education has also achieved significant development, with overseas Chinese heritage language education and international Chinese language education being the most important components. This article draws on the theory of symbiosis and proposes an explanatory framework for the symbiosis of overseas Chinese education. It analyzes the symbiotic units, modes, and environments between overseas Chinese heritage language education and international Chinese education, and combines objective development environments and educational needs to summarize optimization strategies to promote the coordinated development of the two major educational undertakings. In the process of conducting overseas Chinese education, in order to promote the international education of Chinese language and the inheritance and development of Chinese culture, relevant parties should start from three aspects: unit, mode, and environment, and expand the symbiotic surface of the two major education undertakings by accurately matching the local Chinese education needs; Combining national and regional Chinese education resources, leveraging the external driving force of a symbiotic environment; Pay attention to the ecological construction of the development of Chinese education and jointly create an integrated model of mutual benefit and symbiosis.

Dynamics of stability, bifurcation and control for a commensal symbiosis model

Dynamics of stability, bifurcation and control for a commensal symbiosis model

Green and red fluorescent strains of Xenorhabdus griffiniae HGB2511, the bacterial symbiont of the nematode Steinernema hermaphroditum (India).

Steinernema entomopathogenic nematodes form specific, obligate symbiotic associations with gram-negative, gammaproteobacteria members of the Xenorhabdus genus. Together, the nematodes and symbiotic bacteria infect and kill insects, utilize the nutrient-rich cadaver for reproduction, and then reassociate, the bacteria colonizing the nematodes' anterior intestines before the nematodes leave the cadaver to search for new prey. In addition to their use in biocontrol of insect pests, these nematode-bacteria pairs are highly tractable experimental laboratory models for animal-microbe symbiosis and parasitism research. One advantageous feature of entomopathogenic nematode model systems is that the nematodes are optically transparent, which facilitates direct observation of nematode-associated bacteria throughout the lifecycle. In this work, green- and red-fluorescently labeled X. griffiniae HGB2511 bacteria were created and associated with their S . hermaphroditum symbiotic nematode partners and observed using fluorescence microscopy. As expected, the fluorescent bacteria were visible as a colonizing cluster in the lumen of the anterior intestinal caecum of the infective stage of the nematode. These tools allow detailed observations of X. griffiniae localization and interactions with its nematode and insect host tissues throughout their lifecycles.

Research on Talent Cultivation and Industry-Education Integration Path Construction of College Education under the Perspective of Informatization

Abstract This paper extracts the basic elements of the integration of industry and education under the perspective of symbiosis theory and builds a symbiosis model in the communication and cooperation between symbiosis units according to the symbiosis units in the system of integration of industry and education. Influential factors were screened from different levels, and the DEMATEL method was used to determine the importance degree of system factors in combination with the explanatory structural model so as to construct the structural framework of influential factors. The weights of the influencing factors were finally confirmed through analysis, and empirical research was conducted on three colleges and universities, S1, S2, and S3. The overall performance level of S1 college and university integration is excellent, and the comprehensive judgment value of the college and university integration performance of this college and university is 85.342. The overall performance level of the two colleges and universities, S2 and S3, is good, and the comprehensive judgment value of the college and university integration performance of the two colleges and universities is 77.933 and 81.930, respectively. The evaluation study on the integration of industry and education can provide better recommendations for the integration path.

Evolution of marine ecology-industry symbiosis patterns and ecological security assessment: New evidence from coastal areas of China

Marine ecological security is an important precondition and foundation for the development of marine business. Scientific and effective assessment of marine ecological security is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of marine economy and building an ecological civilization. Based on the symbiosis theory, this paper focuses on the key role of human economic activities in the evolution of ecological security from the perspective of eco-industrial symbiosis and constructs a symbiotic system of indicators considering human economic activities and all subsystems with the help of the “Driver-Pressur-State-Impact -Response (DPSIR) model” analysis logic. This paper adopts the Lotka-Volterra symbiosis model to dynamically analyze the causes of the symbiotic coupling relationship of marine ecological security in China's coastal areas from 2006 to 2019. The research results show that the socio-economic development index shows a stable upward trend, the environmental capacity index basically remains stable, and the ecological impact index shows a fluctuating and undulating trend. During the sample period, there were only four modes of mutualism symbiosis, ecological single damage, industrial single damage, and mutual harm symbiosis in coastal areas. Hebei, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Hainan provinces are dominated by the optimal ecological security state. Tianjin, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Fujian are mainly in the security transition area; Shandong and Liaoning provinces are in a state of ecological security dominated by non-safe areas. Finally, relevant policy suggestions are put forward, in order to provide decision-making reference for improving marine ecological security and promoting the healthy development of the marine industry.