Product Development Model Research Articles

Pengembangan Modul Pencemaran Lingkungan Berbasis Islam-Sains untuk Siswa Madrasah Aliyah/MA

This study aims to determine: (1) The expedience degree of biology environmental pollution based Islamic-Science class X MA; (2) The responses of MA Biology teachers; and (3) The responses of students as to biology environmental pollution based Islamic-Science class X MA. This type of research is the development of research with product development model Borg and Gall, modified as needed. Data on quality of product development were collected by questionnaire. Data analyzed with descriptive quantitative and qualitative techniques. The results of this study showed that: (1) Validation of material expert is in very good criteria (88%); (2) Validation of learning design expert is in very good criteria (86%); (3) Assesment studies of biology teachers are in very helping criteria (3,4); (4) individual testing are in good criteria (80%); (5) A small test group are in very good criteria (88%); Group confined field trials are in very good criteria (90%), so it can concluded that module environmental pollution class X MA based Islamic-Science is fit for use as a supporting for learning environmental pollution at school.

Reference model for apparel product development

The purpose of this paper was to develop a reference model for the implementation of the process of product development (PDP) for apparel. The tool was developed through an interactive process of comparison between theoretical. Managers in companies and professionals working in this market can utilize the reference model as a source for the organization and improvement of the PDP for apparel and the universities as a reference source for systematized teaching of this process. This model represents the first comprehensive attempt to develop an instrument at a detailed level (macro phases, phases, activities, inputs and outputs at each stage and at the gates) to systematize the PDP process for fashion products and to consider its particularities.

Hybrid teaching–learning-based optimization of correlation-aware service composition in cloud manufacturing

Cloud manufacturing (CMfg) provides a new product development model in which users are enabled to configure, select, and utilize customized manufacturing services on-demand. The service composition with optimal overall quality of service (QoS) is of great significance since it affects the efficiency of resource sharing and optimal allocation in CMfg systems. However, some limitations still exist in manufacturing service composition methods especially in the complicated cloud environment. This owes to two aspects: (1) current service composition approaches assume that the QoS of services is fixed and not influenced by other services, the existence of the service correlation context is not considered adequately, thus resulting in no accordance with practical applications; (2) with the growing number of candidate services in cloud resource pools, the traditional methods might be inefficient for addressing large scale service composition problems. To overcome such drawbacks, this study proposes a new hybrid teaching–learning-based optimization (HTLBO) algorithm for optimal service composition with the consideration of service correlations. Experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed algorithm.

Does supply chain involvement improve the new product development performance? A partial least square-structural equation modelling approach

An increased market competition and customers changing preferences leading to the emergence of a need to involve relevant functions of supply chain as well as strategic customers and suppliers in the early stages of new product development. Therefore, this study examines the impact of supply chain involvement on new product development performance. Data was collected from 280 professionals from different departments of manufacturing companies in Pakistan who are engaged in the process of new product development and partial least square-structural equation model was applied. The results revealed that internal involvement is the base of external involvement including customers and suppliers, revealing insight into the 'black box' of supply chain involvement. The research further emphasise on the fact that the companies should first improve internal involvement before they can accomplish external (i.e., customer and supplier) involvement. Moreover, it is also recommended that organisations need to grow great connections, offer data, and tackle issues mutually among internal functions and with outside supply chain partners while developing new products. The study further discussed the results whereas directions for future researchers are also given.

MBD Attributes Template Method of Aeronautical Products

Model-based Definition (MBD) expresses the technical information of traditional engineering drawings in a three-dimensional environment. The formed MBD dataset completely express the product information, what changed the product development model and improved product development efficiency. However, the integrity of the MBD dataset is difficult to guarantee and the efficiency to build it is low. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes to use MBD attributes template method to solve the generation problem of attributes information in MBD dataset. Firstly, the concept and connotation of MBD attributes and MBD attributes template are described. Secondly, the type of aeronautical products and MBD attributes are combed to form MBD attributes template for different types of products. Thirdly, the process of MBD attributes template method is proposed. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is verified by the MBD attributes template construction and attributes values filling of a forging part. The results show that MBD attributes template method not only improves the efficiency of MBD attributes generation, but also improves the integrity and accuracy of MBD dataset.

Smart Manufacturability Analysis for Digital Product Development

Cloud-Based Design and Manufacturing is a service-oriented networked product development model in which service consumers are enabled to configure, select and utilize customized product realization services ranging from computer-aided engineering software to reconfigurable manufacturing systems. So far, this paradigm has mainly been tested for digital design and fabrication processes including the usual steps of designing an artefact with a CAD system to then have a prototype manufactured with a 3D printer. Unfortunately, a common mishap that can often be observed is that artefacts that look perfectly fine on the CAD computer screen come out severely misshaped on the 3D printer. In this paper, we first investigate and document this phenomenon and explain its root cause, which concerns a) the data transmitted to the 3D printer, b) inappropriate design features, and c) a mismatch between geometry requirements and printer capabilities. As more and more entrepreneurs, hobbyists in maker communities, and other not always fully trained individuals pursue their design and make ideas, there is a need for smart computer-based support to facilitate a successful design-to-print process. Such a digital DfM assistant might pop up to prompt a designer to modify identified critical areas of the design so that it can be printed with a chosen printer or alternatively propose another type of printer that may have the technical capabilities to accommodate the design in its current form. Acknowledging this need, we propose a two-stage smart manufacturability assistant. The first stage decomposes the digital model into a series of part features; the second stage of the model involved defining the capabilities of the 3D-printer. Finally, we begin to realize this manufacturability assistant by creating and evaluating a bespoke test part which can be used to define a machine-material capability map for an example FDM process.

Criteria Assessment Model for Sustainable Product Development

The instability in today's market and the ever increasing and emerging demands for mass customized and hybrid products by customers, are driving companies and decision makers to seek for cost effective and time efficient improvements in their product development process. Design concept evaluation which is the end of conceptual design is one of the most critical decision points in product development. It relates to the final success of product development, because poor criteria assessment in design concept evaluation can rarely compensated at the later stages. This has led to real pressure for the adaptation of new developmental architecture and operational parameters to remain competitive in the market. In this paper, a new integrated design concept evaluation based on fuzzy-technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (Fuzzy-TOPSIS) is presented, and it also attempts to incorporate sustainability practices in assessing the criteria. Prior to Fuzzy-TOPSIS, a new scale of “Weighting criteria” for survey process is developed to quantify the evaluation criteria. This method will help engineers to improve the effectiveness and objectivity of the sustainable product development. Case example from industry is presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed methodology. The result of the example shows that the new integrated method provides an alternative to existing methods of design concept evaluation.

Improvement of Meloxicam Solubility Using a β-Cyclodextrin Complex Prepared via the Kneading Method and Incorporated into an Orally Disintegrating Tablet.

Purpose: The aim of this research was to formulate and develop an orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) that incorporated a MEL/β-CD complex, using a quality by design (QbD) approach to enhance solubility and drug release. Methods: Multiple regression linear analysis was conducted to develop the kneading process and ODT formulation. Mixing time and amount of solvent were used as independent variables in kneading process optimisation, while the superdisintegrants were used to obtain the desired formulation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry were performed for complex characterization. Results: MEL/β-CD complexation was successful in enhancing MEL solubility. The results suggest that increasing the amount of solvent and mixing time enhances drug loading and drug release. However, increased solvent amounts present the problem of removing the solvent. Primojel and Polyplasdone had a significant effect on the water wicking and tablet disintegration process (p<0.05), although Polyplasdone negatively affected tablet hardness. Both an optimized KN process and ODT formulation were obtained using a QbD approach. Conclusion: Incorporation of the MEL/β-CD complex during ODT formulation using the QbD approach serves as a model for ODT product development, with optimal product performance based on the specification of quality target product profiles. To understand more specific phenomena, one point in the middle of the design for each factor should be added to more powerfully estimate this effect and avoid the lack of estimate due to an inadequate equation.

Sustainability evolution in the Australian property market

PurposeThe relationship between sustainability and value in property has been a major area of investigation over the past decade. However, in spite of the extant literature and research, the connections made by valuers in practice of the value relationship are still unresolved. The purpose of this paper is to investigate, in the Australian context, valuers’ perception of the relationship between sustainability and value; and their experience and knowledge of sustainability in valuation practice.Design/methodology/approachThe research investigates valuers’ perception and knowledge of sustainability and its inclusion in valuation practice in Australia. The approach uses a longitudinal survey of valuers from 2007 to 2015 tracking valuers’ knowledge, understanding, inclusion of sustainability reporting and the perceptions of the relationship between sustainability and market value.FindingsThis paper presents findings from a longitudinal survey that has been conducted in Australia since 2007, identifying changes between 2007, the height of the property market and sustainability engagement prior to the global financial crisis, and the subsequent years to 2015. The growth of sustainability in the property market is significant, however, valuers’ knowledge and reporting on sustainability is not demonstrating the same level of development. As a result, this is inhibiting valuers reporting on sustainability and has implications for practice and treatment of market values.Practical implicationsThis research highlights the need to examine how to assist valuers to more rapidly develop knowledge and experience to reflect the implications of change in practice. Current approaches being developed in the UK and Europe, like the introduction of RenoValue professional development programs and guidance documents, to assist valuers to develop their knowledge needs to be implemented in the Australian environment as current approaches are inadequate, and steps need to be taken in order to assist their development of knowledge and experience as the market demonstrates growth and acceptance of sustainability. This research identifies the need to re-examine how professional development is undertaken and knowledge developed by those practicing in the profession in Australia.Originality/valueThis longitudinal survey is the only research that has spanned a substantial period of time attempting to ascertain valuers’ perception of the relationship between sustainability and value; and attempts to track the knowledge development of valuers in the context of sustainability. The findings identify how the market is developing and adhering to a product model development theory, however, also identifies more fundamental issues and implications for valuation praxis, in the development of knowledge and ability of valuers to adapt to change and reflect these valuations.

The Effects of Ecolabels and Environmental Regulations on Green Product Development

We seek to understand how and when government should (and should not) intervene to stimulate green product development when competing firms with asymmetric credibilities communicate their environmental performance through ecolabels. To that end, we develop a consumer-driven model of green product development in which two single-product firms compete on the provision of unobservable environmental quality. We explore the implications for society of two mechanisms used to remedy credibility-related consumer discounting of firms' self-declared environmental qualities, namely voluntary external certifications and mandatory regulation, with a view to providing policy insights for government. One notable insight is that the government should intervene if neither firm is sufficiently credible or if consumers differ from the government in how they value environmental stewardship; otherwise, the government can allow external certification to steer green product development in place of regulation.

Managing the transition to the new agile business and product development model: Lessons from Cisco Systems

Through an in-depth case study of Cisco Systems, this Executive Digest finds that companies face two broad challenges when transitioning to the agile product development model. The first is identifying and helping business units and engineering teams adopt this method; the second is developing new management practices that are compatible with and can sustain the agile development practices. Although extant literature has conducted many analyses on these two challenges, there still exist gaps in the research of the agile development method. Herein, we explore how Cisco Systems addressed these two challenges followed by a discussion of the broad implications of adopting the agile development method. This research deepens our understanding of how to adopt and lead the agile development process.

Knowledge dialogue through Indigenous tourism product design: a collaborative research process with the Lacandon of Chiapas, Mexico

ABSTRACT This research analyzes an innovative process employed by Indigenous entrepreneurs and employees to design new and imaginative products closely related to their cultural, social and natural heritage, values and resources. In the State of Chiapas, with over one million Indigenous inhabitants, where poverty has persisted for decades, government and international agencies have promoted the development of many Indigenous tourism initiatives. However, the employment of top-down strategies focused predominantly towards the provision of tourist facilities failed to recognize the crucial role of tourism products and activities, thus sustaining and promoting stereotyped ideas of Indigenous peoples. This paper focuses on the benefits of collaborative research and knowledge dialogue between scientific and traditional wisdom to overcome some of these limitations through the application of an Indigenous Tourism Product Development Model. Using Participatory Action Research processes, university researchers worked with the management and staff of four Indigenous (Lacandon) owned and operated companies located in the communities of Lacanjá Chansayab and Nahá (Lacandon Jungle) in Mexico, to create a series of new cultural and heritage-related products. The paper explores the capacity of this process to revitalize culture while fostering feelings of accomplishment, participation, cultural pride and creative confidence among the co-researchers.

An Analysis of Intention to Use in Innovative Product Development Model through TAM Model

An Analysis of Intention to Use in Innovative Product Development Model through TAM Model

Edited Platforms: Anticipating Future Consumption

The modern world is witnessing many technological, demographic, and consumption changes. The purpose of this conceptual article is to combine these shifts into a model that will assist companies to improve plans for the future marketplace. The authors present a new concept, “edited platforms,” as a consumer aware, but company driven, product development model. Examples of the concept are explicated, and projected implications are provided. Propositions for further study are provided, along with suggestions for marketing and theoretical implications.

Developing a Decision Model of Sustainable Product Design and Development from Product Servicizing in Taiwan

In response to the global trend of low carbon and the concept of sustainable development, enterprises need to develop R&D for the manufacturing of energy-saving and sustainable products and low carbon products. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to construct a decision model for sustainable product design and development from product servicizing in Taiwan. The study used the grounded theory to extract the results of the expert interviews to analyze factors of sustainable product design and development under principles of product servicizing. Then, this study established a sustainable development checklist of product servicizing based on life cycle as the criterion of evaluation for sustainable product design and development. Finally, the study constructed a decision model for sustainable development of product design and servicizing.

Product opportunity identification based on internal capabilities using text mining and association rule mining

Identifying new product opportunities must be a prerequisite for a firm's sustainable growth since it can help create new market segments. In this regard, a number of studies have attempted to suggest systematic methods to discover new technological opportunities. However, from these methods, it is difficult to figure out which products can come into the market as a result of the technological opportunities. Moreover, they have tried to measure generic potential values without considering a specific target firm so it is hard to judge whether the discovered opportunities are technically feasible to the target firm. These problems tend to reduce the practicality of the discovered technological opportunities. Therefore, this paper proposes a systematic approach to identify potential product opportunities by reflecting the target firm's internal capabilities. The capabilities are inherently unobservable so we need to figure out substitutes for the firm's capabilities. The existing products belonging to a firm can be generally a basis for developing new products. The firm is already good at dealing with the existing products so we consider the firm's existing product portfolios its internal capabilities. We first extract product information from patent database using text mining technique, and then generate product connection rules represented as directed pairs of products. Finally, we evaluate potential value of product opportunities taking into account a firm's internal capabilities. An empirical study is conducted to show the applicability of the presented approach using patents granted in the United States Patent and Trademark Office during 2009 and 2013. We expect that our approach can facilitate product-oriented R&D by presenting a front-end model for new product development and deriving feasible product opportunities according to the target firm's internal capabilities. Moreover, the presented systematic approach can be a basis for an R&D planning system that can help R&D planners in performing product-oriented technology planning activities.

Advanced Analytics for Agricultural Product Development

Syngenta, a leading developer of crop varieties (seeds) that provide food for human and livestock consumption, is committed to bringing greater food security to an increasingly populous world by creating a transformational shift in farm productivity. Syngenta Soybean Research and Development (R&amp;D) is leading Syngenta’s corporate plant-breeding strategy by developing and implementing a new product development model that is enabling the creation of an efficient and effective soybean breeding strategy. Key to the new strategy is the combination of advanced analytics and plant-breeding knowledge to find opportunities to increase crop productivity and optimize plant-breeding processes. Syngenta uses discrete-event and Monte Carlo simulation models to codify Syngenta Soybean R&amp;D best practices, and uses stochastic optimization to create the best soybean breeding plans and strategically align its research efforts. As a result of using these new analytical tools, Syngenta estimates that it will save more than $287 million between 2012 and 2016.

CASE STUDY OF CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS IN THE NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IN A SMALL ELECTROMEDICAL PRODUCT BUSINESS

In a society that consumes a growing amount of technology, Technology-Based Firms (TBF) are highlighted as creators and suppliers of this technology, and are used to good models of New Product Development (NPD) aimed at effectiveness and greater efficiency on its processes. The Electromedical Devices industry is considered to be medium-high technological intensity, and companies in this sector play an important role in the Brazil, both economically, offering products with local solutions at a lower cost, as supporting the supply of solutions then increasing the population's access to health services. Current literature indicates several NPD models, but is lacking in jobs that point models tailored for specific activities branches, and the consequent application of these models in business. This work consists of an exploratory research with a qualitative approach, based on a single case study of a small company of Electromedical Products whose data sources were documents, observations and interviews in order to investigate and explain how the model adaptation process was conducted in the studied company, why certain decisions were made, and how the company conducted a strategy to deal with the Critical Success Factors (CSF) in the development of its new product line. As a result it became clear that the company encountered many obstacles, some inherent to Small Business, others common to TBF, and also regulatory, specific barriers of companies operating in the Electromedical Devices sector, but even with these obstacles, the studied company was able to develop and implement a solid strategy to deal with the CSF in the development of its products, resulting in a complete portfolio of products that meets the local regulations, which were accepted by the market, with domestic and international sales.

Integrating Product and Technology Development: A Proposed Reference Model for Dual Innovation

Although dual innovation projects, defined in this article as the concurrent development of products and technologies, often occur in industry, these are only scarcely supported methodologically. Limited research has been done about dual innovation projects and their inherent challenges (e.g. managing dependencies) and opportunities (e.g. streamlining development). This paper presents five existing reference models for technology development (TD), which were identified via a systematic literature review, where their possible integration with product development (PD) reference models was investigated. Based on the specific characteristics desired for dual innovation projects, such as integrated product development and coverage of multiple development stages, a set of selection criteria was employed to select suitable PD and TD reference models. The integration and adaptation of the selected models has led to a proposed integrated reference model for dual innovation that is currently being instantiated in the context of an ongoing action research project.

New product development in knowledge-based manufacturing SMEs active in the ICT industry: a conceptual framework

The growth in popularity and application of information and communication technology (ICT) products is exponential. However, rapid technological changes, numerous market players, and extremely short product life cycles have rendered the new product development process in ICT both challenging and risky. Although various ICT related new product development (NPD) models have been developed over recent decades, these models are product or company specific and could not capture the essence of NPD in ICT industry holistically. The present paper proposes a conceptual framework for the development of new products in information and communications technology industry using a comprehensive literature survey as well as semi-structured interviews. The framework is based on a stage gate process model and aims for comprehensiveness and relevance to the context of ICT industry. Although the framework is based on Iranian companies, most of the aspects are recognised in NPD literature; thus, the findings could have broad applicability.