Product Development Model Research Articles

Melanoma-on-a-chip model for anticancer drug injecting delivery method

The pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries are encountering a challenge in adopting new study models for product development. there has been a growing interest in organ-on-a-chip systems, and particularly for generating skin models. While numerous alternatives replicating high-fidelity skin models exist, there is a notable absence of melanoma study's methodology specifically on these microfluidic chips. This work introduces a novel skin-on-a-chip device featuring two microfluidic chambers, facilitating a 3D cell co-culture involving fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and melanoma cells. The design of this organ-on-a-chip has enabled the administration of the anticancer treatment Gemcitabine using an injection system within the chip. The results of this work have shown a significant impact on the co-culture distribution of cells, decreasing the population of cancerous cells after the administration of Gemcitabine. The work presented in this article demonstrates the effectiveness of the chip and the administration method for testing anti-melanoma therapies and position this technology as an enhanced fidelity model for studying melanoma while providing an alternative for real-time monitoring of drug testing.

Developing mobile augmented reality in picture book for teaching English for young learners

An effective language and learning process must contain interactive, fun, challenging, motivating aspects and provide more space for students to develop their creativity and independence, according to students' talents and interests; thus, appropriate teaching media can be as assisting tools. When selecting media, you need to consider several things, namely learning objectives, effectiveness, easy to obtain, students, use, not rigid, cost, and quality. One of the developments in learning media that is currently still new is learning media using Augmented Reality. This research aims to develop Augmented Reality-based text book learning media for English language learning. Developing text-book media using an application with a barcode scanner on text-books. This application displays 4D images or animations that have sound and movement so that it will help students to understand English texts. The research method used is the research and development method (Research & Development) while the product development model used is the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, & evaluation. After developemnt anf evalution phase, the findings reveals that the outcome of teaching material product is deemed highly valid and appropriate for teaching English to yong learners, especially for primary school in this research context, as it was supported by the result of validation phase with media experts, subject matter experts, and student trials. Additionally, reflecting on the result of this study, the pedagogical implications of this result discussed further in this research.

A new product development method to incorporating customer sensory preferences in food product design

As the way people consume has changed, the focus of customer satisfaction has moved away from engineering and towards sensory preferences (SPs), necessitating a new approach to product development. This paper introduces a novel product development model that incorporates SP factors. First, utilizing literature and expert input, a domain-specific food sensory attribute knowledge graph is built. Then, SPs/non-sensory preferences (NSPs) are extracted from extensive online product evaluations using Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and sentiment analysis. Customer preferences (CPs) are formed by combining quantifiable SPs/NSPs. Following that, CPs are used to design and distribute product components. To improve customer satisfaction, a new product development approach has been developed. Finally, a genetic algorithm is applied to the optimization model in order to determine the best product development approach. This model has been empirically and comparatively demonstrated to be practical and effective.

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Suspension by Using Factorial Design

Herbal remedies serve a vital role in developing therapeutic agents due to their proven effectiveness in treating various ailments. However, identifying active compounds from plant sources presents significant challenges in herbal medicine research. Authenticating these compounds and studying interactions between different herbs, in addition to between herbs and drugs, especially in polypharmacy, are crucial steps. This leads to the re-evaluation and enhancement of agents for improved efficacy and reduced side effects, promoting the development of safer drugs for different disorders. This study employed a 2² factorial design to optimize a polyherbal suspension formulation using Bael (Aegle marmelos) and Bay (Cinnamomum tamala) leaves. This design enabled the exploration of interactions between two key factors: the concentrations of sodium CMC and Tween 20. The study assessed phytochemical properties, sedimentation volume, redispersibility, rheology, viscosity, pH, and crystal growth. Based on optimisation results batch 2 was considered to be optimised batch, demonstrating excellent stability, redispersibility, appropriate viscosity, and stable physicochemical properties. This study underscores the importance of using suitable excipients to enhance the stability of herbal formulations, offering a model for future herbal product development. Key words: Polyherbal, Suspension, Factorial Design, Optimization

Development of Counting Box Media to Improve Understanding of Addition and Subtraction of Grade II Elementary School Students

The purpose of this study was to develop a counting box learning media that will be used to improve the understanding of addition and subtraction of grade II elementary school students that is valid, practical and effective. The type of method in this study is Research and Development (R&D). The product development model is ADDIE. Data collection techniques by conducting interviews, observations, questionnaires and tests. Analysis of research data using data analysis of validity, reliability, discrimination, level of difficulty, normality, homogeneity, hypothesis and effectiveness. The results carried out by the researcher, namely the validity of the counting box media in improving the understanding of addition and subtraction in grade II elementary school students, are suitable for use and have been validated by experts. The results of the validation of media experts were 98% (Very valid), material experts were 95.45% (Very valid), language experts were 91%% (Very valid), and practitioner experts were 95%% (Very Practical). Product trials conducted by researchers were in 2 stages, namely small-scale trials and field-scale trials. The results of the small-scale acquisition of pretest and posttest questions show that the average pretest score is 47.5, while the average posttest score is 55.5. The increase from the pretest to the posttest score is 8. On the field scale, the results of the average pretest score are 40, while the average posttest score increases to 92. So it can be concluded that there is an increase from the pretest to the posttest score of 52. Based on this, the counting box media is very valid, practical and effective to use in learning.

Bamboo Crafts Business Development Model Reviewed From The Perspective Of Maslahah

Bamboo is a versatile plant with superior ecological properties, offering great potential for the development of craft businesses that are sustainable and beneficial to society. This research aims to formulate a bamboo craft business development model based on the concept of maslahah, namely realizing benefits and benefits for all parties involved. Bamboo craft art is a local product produced by skilled hands so that it produces unique products and has economic value. Bamboo craft products are no longer foreign to us, especially to people from Sidodadi Village, Beringin. The business model of innovation in the bamboo craft business aims to develop products to create products that are efficient and competitive. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with an observation and interview approach. The aim of this research is to find out and examine how the bamboo craft business development model is viewed from a maslahah perspective. The results of this research show that this research does not provide benefits because there is still a lack of employee welfare, there is no development of product models, and distribution is not wide enough and the quality of raw materials is not good

Development of an Integrated Project-Based Learning Module Based on Black Soybean Ethnoscience to Improve Students' Science Process Skills

Science process skills are one of the 21st-century skills that are important to optimize to train students to be skilled in solving problems. However, facts in the field show that science process skills are still relatively low because teachers do not yet understand how to develop science process skills, and there is a lack of teaching materials based on a scientific approach to developing science process skills. This research aims to develop an integrated Project-based Learning (PjBL) module for black soybean ethnoscience that is valid, practical, and effective for improving students' science process skills. The model for product development is ADDIE. The product's effectiveness was tested using a quasi-experiment with research subjects consisting of 91 students (46 experimental and 45 control group students). The results of the module developed meet valid and practical criteria. The results of product effectiveness tested using quasi-experiments show that the integrated PjBL module of black soybean ethnoscience effectively improves science process skills. They are increasing students' science process skills due to using contextual phenomena in learning.

Experience on Utilization of Novel Modeling & Simulation Approaches in Generic Product Development

Modeling and simulation approaches such as Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) and Physiologically Based Biopharmaceutics Modeling (PBBM) are gaining importance due to their impact to transform drug development paradigm. Development of such modeling approaches include integration of drug substance, drug product and physiological aspects followed by validation against clinical data. In this manuscript, we have highlighted utility of PBPK and PBBM in generic product development using case examples. An application where PBBM was utilized to obtain biowaivers and dissolution safe space was portrayed. Utility of such modeling approaches in obtaining fed bioequivalence studies was discussed with case example. Impact of gender evaluation on bioequivalence study outcome using PBPK approach was highlighted with a case example. Evaluation of safety aspects of extended release formulation with help of modeling approach was discussed with practical example. In the last case study, understanding the impact of critical bioavailability attributes with help of PBBM was indicated. Further, future direction in terms of sharing best practices across academia, industry and regulatory was highlighted. Overall, this manuscript summarizes experience on utilization of modeling and simulation approaches in generic product development with an aim to have more affordable and quality medicines to the patients.

Research on multi-objective optimisation of product form design based on kansei engineering

It is crucial to understand and meet the multi-dimensional affective image needs of users for product form in a user demand-oriented product development model. Multi-objective evolutionary algorithms based on decomposition will be introduced into the field of kansei engineering to carry out research on product form optimisation design based on multi-objective evolutionary algorithms. A constrained multi-objective discrete optimisation model was established using the kansei engineering prediction model constructed through machine learning techniques as the objective function, and a reference vector guided evolutionary algorithm was used to solve it. The superiority of this method was verified by comparing it with other commonly used solving methods in this field. Combining entropy weight method and TOPSIS, select the optimisation design scheme that best meets the multi-dimensional affective needs of users from the obtained pareto set. Taking the train as an example, the proposed method was explained. The results indicate that the optimisation scheme obtained by this method can achieve the improvement and optimisation of product form in multiple affective dimensions. Meanwhile, a comparative study on the applicability of multi-objective evolutionary algorithms in the form optimisation problem of different affective dimensions is carried out to provide reference and suggestions for subsequent product design research.

Tool support for implementing a methodology in magnet development projects at CERN

AbstractAbstract product development models, such as the Integrated Product Engineering Model (iPeM), are insightful yet complex, hindering practical application. The paper introduces a prototypical tool designed to simplify the application of iPeM. A case study at CERN showcases the tool's capability in utilizing the iPeM to streamline the tailoring of standards into methodologies for research environments. The tool's impact is evaluated through interviews at CERN. The findings suggest the tool's benefits, especially for individuals without formal project management backgrounds.

Agile Stage-Gate Approach for Design, Integration, and Testing of a 1U CubeSat

Life cycle stages are very important for the aerospace industry. Many models have emerged for handling the processes within and across the development of new products. Developing CubeSat-based missions has shortened the required time and has reduced expenses. However, the lack of strategic planning in the design, integration, and testing of product development models has been highlighted as one of the key issues contributing to failures. The objective of this study is to propose a new hybrid model for the physical development of a product using an Agile Stage-Gate methodology focused on a 1U CubeSat (AztechSat-1). This study aims to explain the full process throughout the project timeline from conceptualization to execution. The benefits of such a model include ensuring adaptive responses to not only improve technical integration but also allow the successful validation and verification of a nanosatellite. Our theoretical approach articulates an in-depth understanding of Agile Stage-Gate methodology through experience obtained from experts and team members. Our analysis supports the expected benefits of the iterative process at every stage. Through this approach, product development could benefit from reduced times and better innovations. Nevertheless, there are also drawbacks to this method. The requirements of greater human effort, more frequent demonstrations, and a constant review process have negative impacts. Additionally, particular modifications must be made for each area of research. For educational purposes, the initial results seem to be encouraging.

Web-Based Module on Biotechnology: Fostering Preservice Science Teachers’ Eco-literacy Skills

<p style="text-align:justify">Pre-service science teachers need to be aware of eco-literacy and biotechnology as they will teach science subjects to students from the perspectives of 21st-century skills. This study aimed to develop a web-based module on biotechnology and examine preservice science teachers’ eco-literacy skills after using the developed module. The study used a research and development design adopting Molenda’s product development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation/ADDIE). There were 60 students majoring in science education as the research participants. The data were collected using a needs analysis questionnaire, a curriculum analysis form, a validation sheet, tests, and a response questionnaire. The obtained quantitative data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 25 with descriptive statistical tests with Swanson’s quantifications. Results showed that the web-based module on biotechnology could be developed through ADDIE stages with experts’ high validity results (M = 4.59, valid with revision). The module significantly improved the teachers’ eco-literacy skills on biotechnology topics (F = 14.053, p = .000, N = 60). This result implies that the web-based module on biotechnology can assist preservice science teachers in improving their eco-literacy skills.</p>

СТРАТЕГІЇ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ ЧЕРЕЗ ЦИФРОВІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ, ІННОВАЦІЇ ТА СТАЛИЙ РОЗВИТОК

This article delves into contemporary strategies aimed at enhancing competitiveness through the synergistic deployment of digital technologies, innovation initiatives, and sustainable development practices. The study is underpinned by a comprehensive analysis of current trends, empirical research findings, and substantiated theoretical frameworks. The role of digital technologies in fostering competitiveness is thoroughly analyzed, highlighting their transformative impact on business operations and strategy formulation. Furthermore, the article explores innovation as a cornerstone of competitive strategy. Innovations in product development, service delivery, and business models are proposed as critical drivers of differentiation and market leadership. Through a researched examination of innovation frameworks and best practices, the article elucidates how companies can cultivate a culture of innovation, harness disruptive technologies, and capitalize on emerging opportunities to stay ahead in a fiercely competitive global economy. Sustainable development emerges as another pivotal dimension of enhancing competitiveness. The article investigates how integrating sustainability principles into business strategies not only mitigates environmental impact but also fosters long-term resilience and stakeholder trust. The article concludes by synthesizing insights from the analyzed strategies and proposing integrated approaches for enterprises seeking to enhance their competitiveness in the digital age. The proposed strategies are supported by empirical evidence and theoretical frameworks, offering a roadmap for businesses to navigate complex challenges and capitalize on opportunities in an increasingly interconnected global marketplace. In essence, this comprehensive study contributes to the discourse on competitiveness by offering a nuanced understanding of how digital technologies, innovation strategies, and sustainable practices can be strategically integrated to propel businesses towards sustainable growth and competitive advantage.

Designing a New Product Development Model Based on Open Innovation Using the Grounded Theory Approach

Designing a New Product Development Model Based on Open Innovation Using the Grounded Theory Approach

THE IMPACT OF INNOVATION ON THE POLICY OF AN INDONESIAN FOOD COMPANY THROUGH OPERATIONAL RESEARCH

This paper examines the impact of innovation on policy formulation in Indonesian food industries and the significance of operational research in this particular setting. The systematic literature study demonstrates that firm policies have been considerably transformed by breakthroughs in product development, technology, and business models. The efficiency and effectiveness of these policy adjustments can be enhanced by utilizing operational research approaches such as mathematical modeling or simulation. The study highlights the influence of particular contextual elements, such as regulatory frameworks and customer preferences in Indonesia, on the dynamics of innovation-policy. Nevertheless, it highlights a research void caused by a dearth of empirical investigations that explore this correlation through operational research in Indonesian food industries. The article provides a comprehensive summary of current knowledge, emphasizing important topics such as digital transformation and sustainability, while also laying the groundwork for future research.

MELATIH KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DENGAN METODE TEACHING GAMES fOR UNDERSTANDING (TGfU) MATA PELAJARAN PENJASORKES SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA (SMP) DI KOTA PONTIANAK

The aim of this research is to train critical thinking skills using the teaching games for understanding (TGfU) method for physical education subjects for students in junior high school physical education subjects in Pontianak City. The research and product development model that is the basis for this research is the Dick & Carey instructional design model. The population in this research are students in junior high school physical education subjects in Pontianak City. The researcher's sampling technique that will be used is total sampling. The data collection technique used is the observation technique. The technique used to analyze the data in this research is descriptive qualitative. Based on the results of the recapitulation of the first trial data, the key score in the Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI) Test/Football Game Performance guidelines obtained at this initial stage was an average of 86 actions for each indicator, which means that effective performances often appear. This category means that students' critical thinking abilities are quite good as seen from students' decisions in playing basketball. In order to optimize students' critical thinking abilities, interactions between educators and students are needed to reflect the behavior (effects) of teaching and learning in certain conditions. In the trial phase 2, the average action of each indicator changed, based on the key score table, which means that effective performance always appears. This category means that students' critical thinking abilities are optimal as seen from the students' support in playing basketball. Based on products developed through expert tests and field tests, the Guide to training critical thinking in Physical Education subjects for Junior High School (SMP) Students in Pontianak City is suitable for use in Physical Education learning.

Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning Chemistry Modules and Their Impact on Students’ Critical Thinking Abilities

The research aims to assess the effectiveness of using problem-based learning-oriented chemical bonding modules in improving students' critical thinking skills. This study falls under the category of Research and Development with a four-D product development model. The research design employs a quasi-experimental approach with a post-test-only control group design using experimental and control classes for comparison. Effectiveness assessment is carried out using interview guidelines, observation sheets, and tests to determine students' critical thinking abilities. The effectiveness analysis technique involves independent sample t-tests and Cohern's effect size. The results of the independent sample t-test indicate a difference in students' critical thinking abilities before and after using problem-based learning-oriented chemical bonding modules. The effect size values suggest a moderate level of effective contribution, ranging from 0.20 to 0.80. Consequently, the research findings conclude that problem-based learning-oriented chemical bonding modules are effective in enhancing students' critical thinking skills

Zhivete Model - A Hybrid of V Model and Agile Scrum for Product Development

The New Product Development Process (NPDP) is a systematic approach to product development, consisting of various stages from ideation to commercialization. The Waterfall model and the Iterative (Agile) model are two commonly used approaches to product development, with each having its own strengths and weaknesses. The V-model is a sequential development process used in regulated industries, emphasizing the importance of verification and validation in product development. Although the V-model is well-suited for regulated industries, it can be inflexible and not adaptable to changes in requirements or feedback. Therefore, a more agile model is needed, with continuous testing and validation throughout the development process. In this paper we are Proposing the Zhivete model - a hybrid of V model and Agile Scrum for product development. Offers structured approach with flexibility and adaptation, potentially reducing time and cost. Keyowrds: New Product Development Process, Waterfall model, V-model, Iterative (Agile) model

Systematic Literature Review of Publications on Digital Twin Topics in Certain Research Areas

One of the key strategies adopted by companies that wish to compete in a sustainable fashion is the idea of the digital twin, which combines the physical product with virtual technology. The development of production models, cost reduction, and keeping up with shifting client wants and needs all depend on the digital twin. In this way, organizations can exhibit a development trend by utilizing the advancements in information and communication technologies, by utilizing techniques like the internet of things, big data, artificial intelligence, and the digital twin, coupled with other technologies. The systematic organization of prior studies on this topic is considered beneficial in terms of both illuminating the present trend and directing future study because the digital twin has grown in importance as a result of the development and dissemination of technology in every field. In this paper, a thorough literature assessment of digital twin research is intended. Vosviwer analysis was used to examine 60 studies from the Web of Science database that were published for this reason. Data on author partnerships, keyword density, support status, institution, country, language, citation, year, publication type, and field of study were investigated using Vosviwer analysis using the Web of Science database. The concept of the digital twin gained popularity as of 2019 when the years in which the studies in the Web of Science database were published were looked at. It was known that the majority of the associated studies were published in the USA, as articles, and in English. The analysis revealed that the most often used keywords in the 60 studies on digital twin were data, digital twin, and industry. According to the survey, research is primarily conducted in fields like smart production, supply chains, and business economy. The systematic literature review has led to an understanding that, in contrast to the domains of smart production, supply chain, and business economics, other topics are less investigated in transportation, public administration, economics, and social sciences. Publishing in less researched regions will close the gap in the literature in this direction.

Kajian Bibliometrik untuk Menemukan Kebaruan dalam Penelitian Mengenai Berpikir Kritis

Research on critical thinking has been done a lot. There are approximately 1,983 studies on critical thinking over the last 10 years. This study aims to classify 100 articles about critical thinking to find research novelty based on 6 categories. The first is based on the product development model, the second is based on learning tools, the third is based on the learning model, the fourth is based on education level, the fifth is based on class, and the sixth is based on subjects. This type of research is study literature. The results showed: 1) Novelty in the product development model category using the PDD model; 2) Novelty in the category of learning devices using teaching materials; 3) Novelty in the learning model category using the BSMT, ER, Culture-Based 7E Learning Cycle, Jigsaw, Remap GI & Remap J, RECORSE, 5E-STEAM, RME, PJBL, Active and Interactive Learning models; 4) Novelty in the category of education level is carried out in PAUD; 5) Novelty in the class category is carried out in grade 9; and 6) Novelty in the subject category using PAI, accounting, ICT, and social subjects.