Models Of Social Systems Research Articles

Analysis Social Security System Model in South Sulawesi Province: On Accounting Perspective

This research aims to analyze the poverty, education, and health in social security system model based on accounting perspective using empirical study on South Sulawesi Province. Issued Law No. 40 for 2004 regarding National Social Security System is one of attentions from government about social welfare. Accounting as a social science deserves to create social security mechanisms. One of the crucial mechanisms is social security system. This research is a grounded exploratory research which attempts to explore forms based on social security system. The level of social security system increases in which the expenditure level for education.

Soft Systems Methodologies in Action: Environment, Health & Shanghai’s Elderly

This research explored the perception of elderly citizens in Shanghai about negative health impacts of environmental issues. A soft systems methodology (SSM) framework was employed with methodological tools including rich pictures, workshops, social system model building and comparison of models. We found that among our elderly participants, recent government and media campaigns have created the perception that environmental conditions have improved due to government initiatives. The exception to this view is among the educated participants of the study. This suggests that powers of nested social hierarchies and governmental media control still have a dominant influence on public opinion in Shanghai, creating barriers for citizen recognition and understanding of environmental health issues. Education and open access to information are potential areas for intervention to improve understanding and empowerment in this area.

Screams in the Night: Pilot Study Reveals Moderate Evidence for Individual Differences in Lorisoid Vocalizations

Social complexity is argued to be a driving factor in the evolution of communicative complexity. Complex social systems require individuals to form relationships with many conspecifics and interact in a wide variety of contexts over time, thus selecting for acoustic communication systems complex enough to facilitate these relationships. To better understand the evolution of such social and communicative complexity, we investigated a nocturnal, solitary forager, Garnett’s bushbaby (Otolemur garnettii), as a lorisoid model for the ancestral primate social systems from which more complex systems evolved. We hypothesized that it would be advantageous for solitary foragers to have individual differences in long-distance calls, as this could be crucial to the maintenance of their dispersed social networks. We tested for individual differences in the long distance bark vocalization. We measured 6 frequency and temporal parameters for 120 barks (15 barks from each of 8 individuals housed at the University of Southern Mississippi). Principal component and discriminant function analyses assigned the calls to the respective individuals at a rate that was moderately accurate and higher than chance (binomial test: 54.2% correct, P < 0.001, chance = 12.5%). This pilot work provides moderate evidence for individual differences and is the first such study to be conducted on lorisoids. Because individual differences have been documented in the vocalizations of solitary foraging lemuroids, we suggest that moderate individual differences may have been present in ancestral primates and contributed to the dispersed social system that is thought to have been the foundation from which increased social complexity evolved in primates.

DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS IN A MONOTOWN ON THE EXAMPLE OF GUBKIN CITY REGION, BELGOROD OBLAST

The problem of monotowns in Russia is actual and its solution presents the task for the highest administration level. In many monotowns we observe an unfavourable development of the social –economic situation and negative forecasts, when employees lose their jobs. One can study the specificity of the economy on the example of town of Gubkin, Belgorod region, where the metallurgical enterprise dictates the economy of the city. The principal social-economic problem of a monotown is the disproportion in the influence impact of different economic sectors. The large city-building enterprises are very influential while rare small and middle business lack any influence. The article proposes a model of social system as combination of elements which can vary their state in certain boundaries and accordingly suggests to stimulate small and middle business through strengthening of factors which help the town-dwellers to organize their own business. When financial and material resources lack, it will be helpful to introduce information and education programs to compensate the lacking competence of certain town-dwellers. To duly introduce such training programs it is expedient to separate certain intermediate stages, to coordinate the sequence of the stages and to envisage the final result as a series of simpler intermediate results. The people can be trained on the territory of the monotown, the authors submit an appropriate project and present its typical structure.

Social Security: Theoretical Aspects

The paper looks at the phenomena of security and social security from the philosophical, sociological and psychological perspective. The undertaken analysis of domestic and foreign scientific materials demonstrates the need for interdisciplinary studies, including pedagogy and education, aimed at developing the guidelines for protecting the social system from destruction. The paper defines the indicators, security level indices and their assessment methods singled out from the analytical reports and security studies by the leading Russian sociological centers and international expert organizations, including the United Nations. The research is aimed at finding out the adequate models of personal and social security control systems at various social levels. The theoretical concepts can be applied by the teachers of the Bases of Life Safety course, the managers and researches developing the assessment criteria and security indices of educational environment evaluation, as well as the methods of diagnostics and expertise of educational establishments from the security standpoint.

Magnitude of problem of persons having intellectual disability its impact on parents and their unmet needs in Indian subcontinent

Background: Intellectual disability is the clearest example of the mixture of medical and social system models. People with intellectual disability do not represent homogenous groups. Their unmet needs and impact on parents as caregivers also vary especially with changing social milieu, socio economic status and ethnicity. Objectives: To assess the disability of intellectually disabled and the nature and degree of impact on their parents. Methods : The clinico-demographic profile of 102 intellectually disabled and intellectually average children and their caregivers were compared. The impact of disability was measured in NIMH-DIS scale. Results: Mothers experienced more difficulties than fathers in physical care (p&lt;0.03), health (p&lt;0.02), career (p&lt;0.03), sibling effect (p&lt;0.04) and specific thoughts domain (p&lt;0.04). Fathers experienced more trouble in support (p&lt;0.02), financial (p&lt;0.05), social (p&lt;0.01), embarrassment/ridicule domains (p&lt;0.02). There was no difference in Relationship domain (p=0.56) between the parents. Higher patience (p&lt;0.02) and empathy (p&lt;0.04) were found among mothers and higher tolerance (p&lt;0.03) and sensitivity (p&lt;0.04) were found among mothers. The impact on mothers increased in physical care, health and specific thoughts domains whereas the impact on fathers increased in financial and embarrassment/ridicule domains. Conclusions: Rehabilitation needs increase with severity of disability and impact on parents as caregivers. Appropriate assessment and finding out unmet needs can guide to formulate individualized treatment plan for them as wellas for their parents.

A New Method to Evaluate Simulation Models: The Calibration Profile (CP) Algorithm

Models of social systems generally contain free parameters that cannot be evaluated directly from data. A calibration phase is therefore necessary to assess the capacity of the model to produce the expected dynamics. However, despite the high computational cost of this calibration it doesn't produce a global picture of the relationship between the parameter space and the behaviour space of the model. The Calibration Profile (CP) algorithm is an innovative method extending the concept of automated calibration processes. It computes a profile that depicts the effect of each single parameter on the model behaviour, independently from the others. A 2-dimensional graph is thus produced exposing the impact of the parameter under study on the capacity of the model to produce expected dynamics. The first part of this paper is devoted to the formal description of the CP algorithm. In the second part,we apply it to an agent based geographical model (SimpopLocal). The analysis of the results brings to light novel insights on the model.

Research on Process Control of Human Resource Management Based on Visualization Technology

With the development of computer and multimedia technology, social media platforms are widely used in various fields, so this paper introduces the design of network multimedia platform in the human resources management system, and designs a kind of new human resources management computer system. In order to improve the level of human resource management, it can introduce more talents and rational allocation human resources for enterprises, so we must improve the user generated content quality of social networking platform, eliminating spam behavior, and improving the social network human resource platform reputation. This paper establishes the security mechanism related mathematical model of social network human resources system. Through the VB programming control, it can implement the security of social network content, the automatic removal of rubbish short message and the optimal audit mechanism of system human resource management, which provide innovative solutions for the enterprise human resource management.

An Application of Taylor's Power Law to Measure Overdispersion of the Unemployed in English Labor Markets

Taylor's power law (TPL) is the power relation between mean densities and variance of natural populations, and described as one of ecology's few ubiquitous laws. Although the power model has been increasingly applied in social systems modeling, including economics, this article, using English and Welsh economic data as an applied example, suggests that TPL ought to be imported more carefully. The article seeks to convince readers that ecological population methodologies can have an important role in analysis of human spatial behavior, and that this function should not be diminished in pursuit of quick interdisciplinary results. Through the production of “scale‐adjusted dispersion indicators,” the article proposes an application of TPL that is quite different from its use in ecological modeling.

Community-aware task allocation for social networked multiagent systems.

In this paper, we propose a novel community-aware task allocation model for social networked multiagent systems (SN-MASs), where the agent' cooperation domain is constrained in community and each agent can negotiate only with its intracommunity member agents. Under such community-aware scenarios, we prove that it remains NP-hard to maximize system overall profit. To solve this problem effectively, we present a heuristic algorithm that is composed of three phases: 1) task selection: select the desirable task to be allocated preferentially; 2) allocation to community: allocate the selected task to communities based on a significant task-first heuristics; and 3) allocation to agent: negotiate resources for the selected task based on a nonoverlap agent-first and breadth-first resource negotiation mechanism. Through the theoretical analyses and experiments, the advantages of our presented heuristic algorithm and community-aware task allocation model are validated. 1) Our presented heuristic algorithm performs very closely to the benchmark exponential brute-force optimal algorithm and the network flow-based greedy algorithm in terms of system overall profit in small-scale applications. Moreover, in the large-scale applications, the presented heuristic algorithm achieves approximately the same overall system profit, but significantly reduces the computational load compared with the greedy algorithm. 2) Our presented community-aware task allocation model reduces the system communication cost compared with the previous global-aware task allocation model and improves the system overall profit greatly compared with the previous local neighbor-aware task allocation model.

Considerations on Implementation of a Social Accountability Management System Model in Higher Education

The company is in constant change, influenced by technology, competitive environment, legal and regulatory requirements and the mission of higher education is to meet the specific needs of education and professional training of the individual, as well as the needs of social and economic development of society. According to the sustainability vision, implementing a Social Accountability Management System (SAMS) in higher education is one of the viable solutions for solving the current problems of the society. Effective implementation of the SAMS in higher education means approaching the student as an active participant in the educational process, the teacher as a trainer, manager and leader, education unit with the role of modelling the socially accountable human resources. Therefore, this work develops a number of proposals on the implementation of a social accountability management system in higher education, based on customization of some requirements of the National Education Law and adapting them to the requirements of the social accountability standard SA8000.

Methodology to Support Participative Decision-Making with Vulnerable Communities. Case Study: Engineers Without Borders Colombia/Ingenieros Sin Fronteras Colombia—ISFCOL

The decision-making process to select the best alternative for solving a social problem in a project, which involves vulnerable communities, must be carried out in a structured way. It is important to take into consideration the preferences and perceptions of all the beneficiaries and stakeholders with their many different competences and interests as this may increase the probability of successful solutions. Thus, this paper answers the following question: How to design a methodology that incorporates different points of view in order to reach solutions with vulnerable communities? Starting from this question, this paper presents a decision-making model for social systems incorporating conventional decision-making methodologies such as the Analytic hierarchy process to systemic methodologies like syntegration through the Conceive, Design, Implement and Operate project framework (CDIO). It also presents a case study developed by the organization Ingenieros Sin Fronteras Colombia (ISFCOL) -Engineers without Borders Colombia- where this model has been applied for solving problems related to the contamination of water sources in vulnerable communities.

Social recommendation algorithm fusing user interest social network

Using the social information among users in recommender system can partly solve the data sparsely problems and significantly improve the performance of the recommendation system. However, the recommendation systems which using the users' social information have two main problems: the explicit user social connection information is not always available in real-world recommender systems, and the user social connection information is directly used in recommender systems when the user explicit social information is available. But as we know that the user social information is not all based on user interest, so this can introduce noise to the recommender systems. This paper proposes a social recommender system model called interest social recommendation (ISoRec). Based on probability matrix factorization (PMF), the model addresses the problems mentioned above by combining user-item rating matrix, explicit user social connection information and implicit user interest social connection information to make more accurately recommendation. In addition, the computational complexity of our algorithm is linear with respect to the number of observed data sets used in this algorithm, and can scalable to very large datasets.

Impact of contrarians and intransigents in a kinetic model of opinion dynamics

In this work we study opinion formation on a fully connected population participating of a public debate with two distinct choices, where the agents may adopt three different attitudes (favorable to either one choice or to the other, or undecided). The interactions between agents occur by pairs and are competitive, with couplings that are either negative with probability p or positive with probability 1-p. This bimodal probability distribution of couplings produces a behavior similar to the one resulting from the introduction of Galam's contrarians in the population. In addition, we consider that a fraction d of the individuals are intransigent, that is, reluctant to change their opinions. The consequences of the presence of contrarians and intransigents are studied by means of computer simulations. Our results suggest that the presence of inflexible agents affects the critical behavior of the system, causing either the shift of the critical point or the suppression of the ordering phase transition, depending on the groups of opinions to which the intransigents belong. We also discuss the relevance of the model for real social systems.

Research on Human-Simulated Management Hierarchy Model of the Complex Social Large System

In order to guide the research on theory and practice of complex social system management, make clear research focus and direction, a human-simulated management hierarchy model based on the growth mechanism of human body is established. Four layers of the operation and management of complex social system are discussed in the model. Finally, the concept of management gene is described in detail. And the directions for the deep research on the related problem of the human-simulated management hierarchy model are introduced.

Model kebijakan pengembangan sistem pertahanan sosial berbasiskan modal sosial masyarakat di daerah perbatasan

A threat against the state is no longer in the forms of conventional war declarations or weaponary; but rather in the form of the loss of nationalism spirit due to the waning of national identity in a country. Along with the development of globalization, there is a shift regarding the threats against the state sovereignty. In Batam, Riau Province, as the border area, the threats include economic inequality between communities, the impact of trade liberalization, transnational crime, and the loss of collective identity due to the influence of globalization values using a qualitative approach, this article finds out that there are two forms of community respones related to social defense system; active and passive respones. However, in general, people in the border area in Batam respond more passively so that it affects the formation of the society defense system. In addition, this study also finds out that there are three stages in the formation of social defense system that can be used as a basis in policy formulation model for social defense system, including perception, togetherness, identification of collective action, as well as networking proliferation and regional integration.

Złożoność organiczna jako nowe ujęcie złożoności systemów ekonomicznych

Economic and social systems belong to a wide class of complex systems, the subject of research in many areas of science. There are many approaches to the complexity of such systems, which differ in how they define and explain the sources of complex behaviour. As complexity is widespread in nature, it seems legitimate to seek a universal pattern repeated in all kinds of complex systems. This article presents a new concept of organic complexity, understood as a set of three attributes: asymmetry, multiplicity and interactivity of a system’s components. Systems with these characteristics will have the ability to develop complex structures or behaviours. The organic complexity approach can be useful in building models of complex economic and social systems.

Physics and Financial Economics (1776-2014): Puzzles, Ising and Agent-Based Models

This short review presents a selected history of the mutual fertilization between physics and economics, from Isaac Newton and Adam Smith to the present. The fundamentally different perspectives embraced in theories developed in financial economics compared with physics are dissected with the examples of the volatility smile and of the excess volatility puzzle. The role of the Ising model of phase transitions to model social and financial systems is reviewed, with the concepts of random utilities and the logit model as the analog of the Boltzmann factor in statistic physics. Recent extensions in term of quantum decision theory are also covered. A wealth of models are discussed briefly that build on the Ising model and generalize it to account for the many stylized facts of financial markets. A summary of the relevance of the Ising model and its extensions is provided to account for financial bubbles and crashes. The review would be incomplete if it would not cover the dynamical field of agent based models (ABMs), also known as computational economic models, of which the Ising-type models are just special ABM implementations. We formulate the Emerging Market Intelligence hypothesis to reconcile the pervasive presence of noise traders with the near efficiency of financial markets. Finally, we note that evolutionary biology, more than physics, is now playing a growing role to inspire models of financial markets.

Determining Life Cycles of Evolving Groups

Social media, especially the blogosphere, are an interesting source of data for various analyses. Based on the information derived from them, one can - using Social Network Analysis methods - build a network of connections between users, which then can be analysed to find influential users and groups that are formed around them. Such a network is very dynamic, changing in time and everything evolves: new groups appear, old groups disappear, someone else begins to be influential. The paper presents a formal model of social system with evolving groups. A new algorithm determining a life cycle of social groups and their cores is presented.

社会信号处理与分析的基本框架: 从社会传感网络到计算辩证解析方法

The availability of real-time and reliable social signals is a necessity for implementing closed-loop and feedback based dynamic social management. However, the concepts and methods for social signals are far behind those for physical signal processing and analysis, and need to be developed in a systematic approach. As social and new media and social networking reach to all corners of societies rapidly, the problem of social signal processing and analysis becomes significant and the demand for effective solutions is great and urgent. This paper investigates issues related to the modeling and management of social systems, characterization of social signals and channels, social sensors and construction of social sensing networks, artificial societies, computational experiments, and parallel execution (the ACP approach) for reasoning and synthesis in computational social systems, computational dialectics, and computational analytics. Our objective is to establish a framework and methodology for acquisition, processing, analysis, analytics, and application of social signals.