Model Of Scientific Communication Research Articles

DIGITAL HUMANITARIAN PROJECT AS A COMPONENT OF DIGITAL HUMANITIES

Introduction. Digitalization and innovative sphere of scholarly research, "digital humanities", integrates the methodological apparatus and develops the potential of the humanities and engineering sciences under the condition of their effective interaction. One of the elements of the infrastructure of the digital humanities is research projects to create resources and databases of humanities knowledge. Problem Statement. Defining the concept of digital humanitarian project and its features is important for the development of interdisciplinary methodology of humanities and information technology. Purpose. The purpose is to substantiate the properties of Digital Humanitarian Project (DHP) as innovative research product, which is important in modern scientific communication and should be an officially recognized type of scholarly research electronic publication. Materials and Methods. Methods for historiographical and structural analysis and synthesis of DHP research concepts and completion of humanitarian digital projects at the NAS of Ukraine, and several other methods have been used. Results. For the first time the research has summarized the concept of DHP as interdisciplinary research product based on the analysis of modern concepts of digital humanities. Conclusions. The digital humanitarian project as a component of the digital humanities is an innovative research result and a type of scholarly research publication. The specific criteria are as follows: intellectual and innovative contribution of the interdisciplinary team to the development of scientific knowledge; importance for the development of educational and research infrastructure; influence on other DHP. The new model of scientific communication provides for the introduction and improvement of digital technologies in the processes of research and procedures for obtaining, processing, publishing, managing, and using scientific data, forming relevant humanities knowledge bases using achievements of socio-humanities, library and information activities etc. The criterion of new knowledge is not only a new content, but also new means of organization, classification, and interaction with this content.

A Model of Scientific Communication

We propose a positive model of empirical science in which an analyst makes a report to an audience after observing some data. Agents in the audience may differ in their beliefs or objectives, and may therefore update or act differently following a given report. We contrast the proposed model with a classical model of statistics in which the report directly determines the payoff. We identify settings in which the predictions of the proposed model differ from those of the classical model, and seem to better match practice.

Selling planet Earth: re-purposing geoscience communications

Abstract Earth scientists have a critical role to play in communicating to the public and policy makers what we know about present and future geo-environmental threats and challenges, such as climate change, extreme natural events, resource conflicts and the energy transition. However, whilst geoscientists are being encouraged – and, increasingly, trained – to ‘go public’ with our science, it is less clear to what extent our current geo-communications are effectively addressing the long-term planetary concerns that confront society. In this paper we argue that scientists are the interface between the research organizations that produce knowledge and the wider public who could use that knowledge, and in that regard are akin to marketers in the business world. Drawing from the dominant paradigms that shape business marketing, we re-consider the prevailing models of science communication and their consequent sense of purpose. We identify three dominant approaches of marketing-led science communication: ‘make-and-sell’; ‘sense-and-respond’; and ‘guide-and-co-create’. We judge the first two to be incompatible with delivering long-term sustainability, in contrast to the emergent guide-and-co-create mode – purpose-driven, interdisciplinary, participatory, and reflexive – which we contend is best placed to tackle long-term geo-environmental concerns through having a clear wellbeing-focused objective whilst co-creating the path to achieving it. We conclude with the contention that adopting a guide-and-co-create approach to science communications will require not only re-thinking of communication practice within universities but also radical institutional regime change towards universities becoming purpose-driven organizations.

Cultural Heritage communication and digital resources: three examples from Messapian archaeology

Digital resources play a key role in the use of our cultural heritage. Awareness of their importance has grown considerably over the last two decades, but it is above all in the current world health emergency that they have proven to be fundamental. A number of multimedia products created since 2000 to present the Cultural Heritage are accessible on the CEIT portal of the University of the Salento. This paper illustrates three of these products, created in the years 2008-2010, with the aim of communicating to the public the results of scientific research conducted in southern Puglia on the archaeology of the Messapians in an effective way. These, the fruit of pioneering projects, have given rise to new horizons and challenges in digital technologies, and to new models of scientific communication and universal use of the cultural heritage, which today are more important than ever.

Estudo da interação do público em blogs de divulgação científica no Brasil

Este artigo apresenta uma investigação sobre a interação que ocorre entre autores e leitores de blogs de divulgação científica, assim como entre os próprios leitores. Dessa forma, busca-se compreender melhor a relação entre esses meios e seus públicos e os modelos de divulgação científica que são efetivamente apropriados por eles. Foram selecionados e analisados os comentários dos três blogs mais ativos do portal ScienceBlogs Brasil ao longo de dois meses com o objetivo de compreender essas interações e buscar reconhecer esses leitores. Para a análise e classificação desses comentários foi utilizada análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2011) e as categorias propostas por Kouper (2010). A partir dessas análises, foi possível observar que há uma intensa interação nesses ambientes, com trocas frequentes entre os leitores e não apenas entre leitores e autores de blogs. As contribuições, porém, mostram que grande parte dos indivíduos que interagem são também blogueiros, cientistas ou estudantes de carreiras científicas afins às áreas dos blogs. Apesar de serem espaços bastante propícios para a difusão rápida de informações científicas e debate aberto sobre esses temas, os blogs ainda são espaços de pouca participação do público leigo.

Thirty Years of Psicothema: A Bibliometric Analysis (1989-2018).

This study presents a bibliometric analysis of Psicothema as a commemoration for its 30 years of publishing (1989-2018). A year-, sex-, and publication language-based analysis of the journal's characteristics was carried out based on the sample of 2,396 publications. Based on that data, Lotka's law was assessed, Lawani and Subramanyam indices and cooperation networks were estimated, the Pratt index was calculated, the concentration of papers according to thematic areas and research methods was described, and citations and impact indicators were obtained according to the original articles indexed in Web of Science (1993-2018). The results indicated greater participation by male authors, increased publication in English, compliance with Lotka's law, and a greater inter-institutional contribution in recent decades. There was a higher percentage of methodology/psychometrics-related work, and most of these publications used quantitative methods. The impact factor and the amount of citations reached its peak in 2018. The characteristics of Psicothema, which is a model of scientific communication of psychology in the international context, are discussed in this study.

Interactive articles: a case study in the ‘Ciência Hoje’ magazine

This paper analyzes a new initiative in Brazil’s ‘Ciência Hoje’ magazine, called “Interactive Articles”, aimed at understanding how stakeholders relate to interactivity when writing a science communication article. We investigated participation in two platforms (magazine website and Facebook page) and interviewed the authors concerning the tool’s impact on their articles. Comments were examined using intensity analysis and content analysis, while interviews were analyzed with the collective subject discourse method. The study concluded that the novel initiative presented positive results in terms of interactivity and was regarded as public engagement and contextual model of science communication from the interviewed authors.

Editorial. A Special Issue of SCIRES-IT on the “Open Science: new models of scientific communication and research evaluation”

This special issue of SCIRES-IT is primarily dedicated to the Workshop “Open Science: new models of scientific communication and research evaluation” held at CEIT-University of Salento (Italy), on 30 January 2019. It contains most of the speakers’ papers and some other relevant contributions related to research evaluation issues.

An overview on the Workshop "Open Science: new models of scientific communication and research evaluation" - January 30, 2019

On 30 January 2019 the Workshop Science: new models of scientific communication and research evaluation” was held in Cavallino (Lecce, Italy). The Workshop was organized by Virginia Valzano (director of CEIT), in collaboration with the University of Salento and other Institutions. Political and academic authorities, professors, researchers, students and librarians attended the Workshop. The event gave us the opportunity to be informed in-depth of the state of the art of Open Science, at national and international level, the role of various Institutions and on the issues related to scientific communication and research evaluation.

Open Access of research; which role in the process of evaluation? Experience by Agenzia Nazionale di Valutazione del sistema Universitario e della Ricerca (ANVUR)

This article focuses on Access and Research Evaluation, and the experience by the Italian National Agency for the Evaluation of Universities and Research Institutes (ANVUR). It is an updated version of the work presented at the Workshop Open Science: new models of scientific communication and research evaluation, organized by Virginia Valzano at the University of Salento, on January 30, 2019.

Open Science: new models of scientific communication and research evaluation

Open Science is a topic of remakable importance, currently debated at national and international level, which challenges current scientific communication and research evaluation. In the Open Science context scholarly communities (sciences, social sciences, humanities) as well as research performing organizations (universities and research centers), conference of rectors, national evaluation agencies cultural and scientific associations, professors, young researchers, publishers and university library systems, are all involved. The problems concerning Open Science and the evaluation criteria of scientific research are many, complex and in constant evolution.

Engage, don’t preach: Active learning triggers climate action

Traditional communication of research on climate change fails to encourage individual, corporate, and political leaders to take appropriate action. We argue that this problem is based on an overly simplistic unidirectional model of science communication. Conversely, theory shows that active learning processes are better suited to initiate and mobilize engagement among all stakeholders. Here, we integrate theoretical insights on active learning with empirical evidence from serious gaming: communication should be understood as an integral design feature that relates active learning on climate change to tangible action.

Public Engagement With Science Among Religious Minorities: Lessons From COVID-19

While scholars have highlighted how science communication reifies forms of structural inequality, especially race and gender, we examine the challenges science communication pose for religious minorities. Drawing on the disproportionate magnitude of COVID-19-related morbidity on Israel’s Ultra-Orthodox Jews, we examined their processes of COVID-19 health decision making. Survey results show that both religious and health-related justifications were common for personal decisions, yet a disparity was found between the ways social distancing guidelines were perceived in the general education context compared with the religious context, signaling the importance for inclusive models of science communication that account for religious sensibilities and state-minority relations.

Social Media and Trust in Scientific Expertise: Debating the Covid-19 Pandemic in The Netherlands

This article examines the role of social media dynamics in the public exchange of information between scientists (experts), government (policy-makers), mass media (journalists), and citizens (nonexperts) during the first 4 months after the Covid-19 outbreak in the Netherlands. Over the past decade, the institutional model of science communication, based on linear vectors of information flows between institutions, has gradually converted into a networked model where social media propel information flows circulating between all actors involved. The question driving our research is, “How are social media deployed to both undermine and enhance public trust in scientific expertise during a health crisis?” Analyzing the public debate during the period of the corona outbreak in the Netherlands, we investigate two stages: the emergency response phase and the “smart exit strategy” phase, discussing how scientific experts, policy-makers, journalists, and citizens appropriate social media logic to steer information and to control the debate. We conclude by outlining the potential risks and benefits of adopting social media dynamics in institutional contexts of science communication.

Modele komunikacji naukowej. W stronę demokratyzacji nauki?

Modele komunikacji naukowej to modele komunikacji uczonych w środowisku naukowym oraz komunikacji uczonych z szerszym społeczeństwem. Artykuł ten poświęcony jest wyzwaniom komunikacyjnym w środowisku naukowym, jak i poza nim w świetle wypowiedzi ekspertów, z którymi przeprowadzono wywiady. Jeden z najważniejszych wniosków dotyczy kategoryzacji pojęcia demokratyzacji nauki w Polsce w kontekście możliwości podejmowania różnych form potencjalnej komunikacji i współpracy naukowców z szerszym społeczeństwem w Polsce. Artykuł kończy rozróżnienie na modele „dialogu” i „deficytu” w komunikowaniu wiedzy naukowej.

From deficit to dialogue in science communication: The dialogue communication model requires additional roles from scientists.

The 'one-way' expert model of science communication is out of date. The new dialogue model requires from scientists more than just providing expert knowledge to the publics.

The role of scientific communication in predicting science identity and research career intention.

The number of biomedical sciences PhDs persisting in academic faculty careers has been declining. As one potential influence on trainees' intention to persist, we investigate the development of scientific communication (SC) skills, hypothesizing that attitudes and behaviors regarding scientific writing, speaking, and presenting predict academic research career intention, through science identity. After adapting a social-cognitive career theoretical model of SC to include science identity and mentor practices, we conducted a longitudinal survey of 185 doctoral and postdoctoral fellows. Structural equation modeling was used to examine relationships among SC productivity, SC self-efficacy, SC outcome expectations, mentor practices in SC, science identity, and research career intention. Results confirmed the overall model and revealed additional specific pathways: SC productivity and SC outcome expectations directly predicted career intention; SC productivity and mentor practices predicted science identity through SC self-efficacy. Demographic factors did not predict intention when controlling for SC variables. Findings support a model of SC skill development as a predictor of research career intention (R2 = .32). The finding that SC language use predicts science identity has important sociolinguistic implications. The key factors in this process are actionable at the trainee, mentor, and institutional levels, suggesting potential for SC interventions to increase career persistence.

Communicating Science: Reform Model of the Gates Open Research Platform

The EU’s scientific potential is increasingly flowing into the world of new scientific knowledge. The object of this paper is the communication interpretation of the Open Science policy, covering not only access and storage of scientific information and preservation of scientific information, but communication aspects also. Purpose of the study: Establish modern trends in the scientific ecosystem oriented towards facilitating the publication and communication of scientific results. Tasks of the study: Compare new solutions in science communication models in the most popular platforms, and explore what is the alternative to traditional scientific journals. Methodology/approach: The qualitative systematic review (qualitative evidence synthesis),scientific criticism of sociological surveys, methods of analytic and synthetic processing of primary and secondary resources, secondary data analysis and overview of scientific publications available in the libraries worldwide, have been used to obtain data about the impact of new EU solutions: the European Road Map for development of the European Research Area (ERA),the European Strategy Forum for Research Infrastructures (ESFRI), the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, etc. A comparative analysis of innovation in publishing platforms was conducted with special attention to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation’s Gates Open Research platform. Results: The creators of the Gates Open Research platform defend the view of the rapid and socially beneficial effect of new and publicly-accepted scientific knowledge. The cutting-edge solutions are: transfer power from the hands of editors to the hands of the authors; minimize barriers or gatekeepers on the path of the new scientific outcome for society; assessment of the research not in view of the venue of publication but on the basis of the intrinsic value of the completed study; minimize the funds invested in publishing and dissemination. Implications: The conclusions can be important in identifying technological and ideological regularities for optimizing the model of scientific publications and increasing the speed and visibility of any scientific news.

Does Public Knowledge of Climate Change Really Matter in Australia?

ABSTRACTReplicating questions on climate change and polar knowledge from the United States, this study examines the impact of climate related facts for predicting acceptance of anthropogenic climate change, and for predicting Green voting in Australia. Analysis of national survey data from the Australian Survey of Social Attitudes show that the likelihood of Green voting increases with climate knowledge. Climate-related knowledge is also positively associated with acceptance of anthropogenic climate change, but the effect of knowledge is moderated by party political identification. Greens, Labor Party identifiers and politically un-affiliated Australians align more closely with the scientific consensus on climate change as their climate knowledge increases. However, climate knowledge has no effect on the climate change attitudes of Liberal and National party identifiers. Climate knowledge also interacts with gender. Climate knowledge has a stronger association with anthropogenic climate change beliefs among women than it does among men. These findings suggest the information deficit model of science communication is likely to be efficacious among supporters of politically progressive parties in Australia, but less so among political conservatives.

Stakeholder perspectives on sustainable whale watching: a science communication approach

Whale watching around the world has experienced explosive growth, driven largely by environmental marketing that presents it as a green alternative to whaling, leading to widespread questions of sustainability. The failure of sustainability is, in part, due to poor implementation of recommendations from scientific impact assessments, ineffective science communication about the negative impacts of whale watching on whale populations, and limited collaboration between whale watching operators, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that promote whale watching, and the scientists that measure the impacts of whale watching. To promote sustainable whale watching it is vital to have these critical stakeholders present a coherent and consistent message to the public on what constitutes sustainable whale watching. Here, we present the findings of research focus groups with Science, NGO and Industry stakeholders to distil relevant science communication and whale watching issues. Theoretically informed by the dominant models of science communication, we present the results of two expert focus groups (N = 19), and subsequent thematic analysis to emphasize stakeholder perspectives and collaborative science communication intervention strategies. The findings highlight the potential role of participatory approaches to science communication to increase multi-stakeholder collaboration and advance interests in sustainable whale watching.