Knowledge Transfer Model Research Articles

Knowledge transfer and teaching public administration

Since the beginnings of Public Administration in the US and its accompanying education in other parts of the world, government and policy have become more complex. The education in Public Administration created a professional pathway to public service. The addition of education to Public Administration came out of the Progressive Movement in the United States to make knowledge in Public Administration more important in the face of corruption brought on by patronage appointments. When nonprofits became part the US public sector as elsewhere along with nonprofit healthcare, the complexity expanded enormously, requiring professionals to know more in what has become a multidisciplinary field of study. Given the diversity and complexity of the public sector and the need for Public Administration to embrace more knowledge from many disciplines, it stands to reason that an earlier start on the education portion of Public Administration or a pathway would be beneficial. A model of early Public Administration knowledge transfer is described and illustrated below. The Academy described is based on the US career pathways and high school academies as part of the school to work educational movement. The success of the combination of these two areas will also be pointed out in the academy described. Translation of lessons learned from the Acdemy to Europe and Asia are also considered.

Global space workforce development: a model for partnership building and knowledge transfer to developing space-faring societies

This paper reports findings of the International Academy of Astronautics (IAA) Study Group (SG), International Cooperation for Space Life Sciences Knowledge Sharing and Development in Africa, (2013). The SG, established in 2010, is comprised of space life sciences experts from across the globe. It charged with developing a cooperative global strategy to generate partnerships for space workforce development and life sciences knowledge sharing among space-faring and space-aspiring African nations. The study group׳s findings emphasize the need for cultural competencies and cooperation. In recent years, Africa׳s spending on space science has increased as national governments have defined their space aspirations and goals within the context of “space for humanity” and global workforce development. Some African countries have developed their own space agencies with well-defined policies and objectives. Space workforce development efforts among these countries focus on satellite technology and ground station operation, astronomy/space science and investment in related activities that advance their specific space exploration/utilization aspirations (e.g., communication services; satellite data collection and processing, with applications in areas such as food security, health and education, crime control, environmental and disaster management, and urban sprawl; radio telescope technology; and space science education outreach and awareness). The IAA study also examines the implications of increased international governmental/non-governmental educational partnerships for workforce development and proposes a roadmap for Africa׳s space-emerging countries seeking to establish global partnerships to develop indigenous space workforces. The study concludes that there are many platforms available to promote inter-regional cooperation on space workforce development, particularly in the areas of space science and technology. This paper calibrates the IAA study group׳s report with the IAA׳s report, Future Human Spaceflight: the Need for International Cooperation (2010), which outlines common global interests for human space exploration and supports the outcomes of three African IAA regional conferences on “Space for Africa.”

Knowledge Transfer in Educational Projects

The most appropriate approach for educational project practices, considering flow of ideas, may lead to the development and implementation of a thorough process of innovation for the knowledge transfer, based on best techniques of converting combinations for tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge. One of the recent concepts of process improvement has been created using the methodology Win-Win and Clarity of Communication based on the Theory of Constraints Thinking Process (TOCTP). The paper illustrates the application of TOCTP in the process of converting tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge in educational projects. The paper provides different viewing perspective approaches for the knowledge transfer, building a strategy for a wide variety of issues, which contribute completely too full conversion of tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge. The research methodology of this paper illustrates the steps of TOCTP integration by problem diagnosing, designing the solutions plan and integrating the solutions plan into a conceptual model for knowledge transfer in educational projects. The authors of this paper present a case study that underlines the effectiveness in fast obtaining the right solutions for a research theme by using a combination of TOCTP diagrams.

Dissemination and Implementation of Manualized Family-Based Treatment: A Systematic Review

The objective of this article was to systematically review the literature pertaining to the dissemination and implementation of manualized family-based treatment (FBT). Several studies were found looking at the dissemination of FBT to sites beyond those of the primary research, mainly focusing on patient outcomes. Alternatively, articles were found which focused primarily on implementation outcomes, such as the barriers and facilitating factors for FBT uptake, a knowledge transfer model that could be applied to improve uptake, and team decision-making processes. It remains important to study the implementation of FBT in clinical practice due to the barriers identified in the literature.

Sustainable Implementation of Evidence-Based Programmes in Health Promotion: A Theoretical Framework and Concept of Interactive Knowledge to Action

This article discusses 2 current issues in the field of public health research: (i) transfer of scientific knowledge into practice and (ii) sustainable implementation of good practice projects. It also supports integration of scientific and practice-based evidence production. Furthermore, it supports utilisation of interactive models that transcend deductive approaches to the process of knowledge transfer. Existing theoretical approaches, pilot studies and thoughtful conceptual considerations are incorporated into a framework showing the interplay of science, politics and prevention practice, which fosters a more sustainable implementation of health promotion programmes. The framework depicts 4 key processes of interaction between science and prevention practice: interactive knowledge to action, capacity building, programme adaptation and adaptation of the implementation context. Ensuring sustainability of health promotion programmes requires a concentrated process of integrating scientific and practice-based evidence production in the context of implementation. Central to the integration process is the approach of interactive knowledge to action, which especially benefits from capacity building processes that facilitate participation and systematic interaction between relevant stakeholders. Intense cooperation also induces a dynamic interaction between multiple actors and components such as health promotion programmes, target groups, relevant organisations and social, cultural and political contexts. The reciprocal adaptation of programmes and key components of the implementation context can foster effectiveness and sustainability of programmes. Sustainable implementation of evidence-based health promotion programmes requires alternatives to recent deductive models of knowledge transfer. Interactive approaches prove to be promising alternatives. Simultaneously, they change the responsibilities of science, policy and public health practice. Existing boundaries within disciplines and sectors are overcome by arranging transdisciplinary teams as well as by developing common agendas and procedures. Such approaches also require adaptations of the structure of research projects such as extending the length of funding.

Knowledge Recipients, Acquisition Mechanisms, and Knowledge Transfer at Japanese Subsidiaries: An Empirical Study in China

Although knowledge transfer contributes to a firm's competitive advantage, the effect of mechanisms used by a knowledge recipient on knowledge acquisition has been understudied. This article provides some insights on the interplay of knowledge recipients and transfer mechanisms between Japanese multinational corporations and their subsidiaries operating in China. Using structural equation methodology, this research proposes a knowledge transfer model that captures knowledge recipients’ characteristics and acquisition mechanisms, and empirically investigates the impact of knowledge recipients on mechanisms to test the applicability of specific mechanisms in knowledge acquisition. This article argues that knowledge recipients’ motivation and absorptive capacity have a positive impact on knowledge acquisition, and simultaneously provides evidence that mechanisms have mediating effects, which are vital to our understanding of knowledge transfer effectiveness. This study extends our understanding by adding knowledge transfer mechanisms as mediating factors in the relationship between knowledge recipients’ characteristics and knowledge acquisition, and quantifying the relationship. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The activities of university knowledge transfer offices: towards the third mission in Italy

Establishing deeper engagement with industry and society has recently become a key concern of universities. To pursue this goal, universities—as well as other public research organizations—have started to reorganize internal resources, to redefine their activities and policies, and to redesign their overall knowledge transfer (KT) business models. As a consequence, in several countries a wide heterogeneity exists in the types of KT models adopted and in the outcomes arising from KT activities. By performing a cluster analysis and a multinomial logit regression on an extensive dataset that almost covers the entire population of Italian universities, in this study we analyze (1) whether models of KT characterized by a broader engagement with society are gradually substituting models more focused on technology commercialization, and (2) which factors related to the availability of resources and universities’ strategic intention better explain existing differences. Insights from the study might help university managers to define the most appropriate actions to fully undertake the implementation of the university third mission.

Knowledge transfer and exchange frameworks in health and their applicability to palliative care: scoping review protocol.

To review knowledge transfer and exchange frameworks used in health, to analyse the core concepts of these frameworks and appraise their potential applicability to palliative care. Although there are over 60 different models of knowledge transfer and exchange designed for various areas of the fields of health care, many remain largely unrefined and untested. There is a lack of studies that create guidelines for scaling-up successful implementation of research findings and of proven models ensuring that patients have access to optimal health care, guided by current research. The protocol for this scoping review was devised according to the guidelines proposed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005) and Levac et al. (2010). The protocol includes decisions about the review objectives, inclusion criteria, search strategy, study selection, data extraction, quality assessment, data synthesis and plans for dissemination. The review will allow us to identify the currently used models of knowledge transfer and exchange in healthcare setting and analyse their applicability to the complex demands of palliative care. Results from this review will identify effective way of translating different types of knowledge to different PC providers and could be used in hospital, community and home based PC and future research.

Knowledge Transfer Model within Strategic Alliance in Telecommunication Industries

This paper focuses on the development of knowledge transfer system between strategic alliances within telecommunication industry and attempts to classify the models of knowledge transfer within strategic alliances aiming to provide a clear focus on making the optimal choice of the most suitable knowledge transfer model in SA by its partners. In this paper, a platform and function structure is put forward and four kinds of alliances are illustrated while types of resources are defined, based on which a correspondence between the types of the strategic alliances and choosing these knowledge transfer models and 5 corresponding propositions about the issue is given at last.

Opening the Black Box of Knowledge Transfer in International Acquisitions in China: A Stage Model

This article explores how foreign headquarters can enhance cross–border knowledge transfer to their acquired local subsidiaries as a way to foster post-merger integration. Grounded in the knowledge–based view, we propose and test a two stage model of knowledge transfer including knowledge exposure and practices use. Building on the stage concept of absorptive capacity from Zahra and George (2002), we develop a theoretical framework of how different HRM practices enhance different stages of the knowledge transfer process via different dimensions of absorptive capacity--acquisition, assimilation, transformation and exploitation. Our hypotheses are tested using PLS on a sample of acquired Chinese subsidiaries of 181 multinational corporations from USA, Germany, France, Sweden, UK, Singapore, and South Korea. The results support our hypotheses. The purpose of our study is to add to the literature by opening up the black box of knowledge transfer by recognizing and empirically testing that knowledge transfer occurs in stages and that different HR practices drive different components of absorptive capacity and in turn knowledge transfer.

La formación de Trabajo Social en Túnez: aprendizajes y retos desde una experiencia de cooperación interuniversitaria

This article aims to describe an example of inter-university cooperation, as a model of good practices and knowledge transfer in the field of International Social Work. The framework is the public announcement conducted in 2012 by Technical Cooperation Office of the AECID in Tunisia. This was a Project to Support the National Institute of Labor and Social Studies-Tunisia, for technical assistance in the definition of the training plan and studies. This paper aims to highlight the opportunity of inter-university cooperation as an effective tool for horizontal collaboration among institutions of higher education. This project adopts in all his phases the participatory methodologies in order to give priority to share learning and to recognize the leadership of local actors, versus the vertical nature of technical assistance. The objective highlights the support to improve the definition of training plan and studies of the INTES, adapting both to the interests of the academic community and the current challenges of Tunisia to rebuild its institutions and policies.

Evaluation of a health systems knowledge translation network for Africa (KTNET): a study protocol.

BackgroundDespite the increasing investment in health-related research in Sub-Saharan Africa, a large gulf remains between what is known and what is practiced in health systems. Knowledge translation programs aim to ensure that a wide range of stakeholders are aware of and use research evidence to inform their health and health-care decision-making. The purpose of this study is to provide insight into the impacts on capacity building for knowledge translation and knowledge translation activities by a coalition of eight research groups in Africa.Methods/designWe will use a mixed methods approach. Key informant interviews and document reviews will be employed to evaluate changes in knowledge translation capacity and to evaluate the effects of knowledge translation on potential users of research. Quarterly teleconferences will be done to evaluate the impacts of knowledge translation activities on users of research. Using website tracking, we will be able to explore the influence of knowledge translation networking and dynamics of the knowledge translation network.DiscussionWe have adopted the dynamic knowledge transfer model and the Landry framework to come up with a framework for this study so as to explore the capacity of producers and users of research to generate, disseminate, and use research findings, while highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. This information will be useful for guiding implementers that seek to build capacity on knowledge translation so as to promote the utilization of research findings for informing programs, practice, and policy.

The Five‐factor Model of Personality and Knowledge Transfer in the United Arab Emirates

Knowledge transfer has emerged as an important criterion in organizations for achieving a sustainable competitive advantage. While research has examined contextual determinants of knowledge transfer, very little research has considered the role of individual differences. In the present study, we addressed this issue by testing the relationship between the five‐factor model of personality and supervisory ratings of knowledge transfer in a sample of employees from the United Arab Emirates (N = 294). Our findings indicated that the extraversion (r = .22), conscientiousness (r = .18), and openness (r = .14) were significant predictors of knowledge transfer. Implications for knowledge management practices are discussed.

The role of conservation partnerships between scientists and nonprofit agencies in freshwater science and management

The role of conservation partnerships between scientists and nonprofit agencies in freshwater science and management

Solving the matchmaking dilemma between companies and external idea contributors

Most of the innovation management literature refers to the benefits of external knowledge. It follows then that companies invest a great deal of effort and resources in developing instruments to motivate people to submit ideas; however, external contributors are often not willing to submit their ideas because they are afraid that they will not be compensated for them afterwards. Thus, the question arises as to how companies can profit from the good ideas of external contributors without being accused of intellectual property (IP) theft in cases where it already knows about the ideas being presented. For this paper, we have taken the findings from trust research into account and discuss several practical methods for overcoming the obstacles that arise when both companies and idea contributors want to profit from ideas. Finally, we develop a trust-based intermediary model for knowledge transfer in the innovation management field.

An integrative model for knowledge transfer between new product development project teams

Knowledge transfer (KT) between new product development (NPD) project teams is considered by many authors as a process. A variety of works in literature have proposed models to elucidate such a KT process and its stages. However, the nomenclature used to describe these models and the proposed KT stages present large heterogeneity. Researchers from different fields have studied the KT processes; hence, there have been different interpretations or approaches for the same problem. This study presents a comparison of 14 KT models organized in two main research approaches: the emergent approach (which considers the dynamics and integration of the team) and the engineering approach (which considers the organization and management of knowledge). The comparison is based on content analysis. The main contribution of this paper is the proposition of a new model for KT between NPD project teams, integrating the previous models so as to provide a more complete and consistent KT framework.

Technological Innovation Projects: Proposal for an Integrative Model Between Project Management and Knowledge Management in a Customer-Supplier Perspective

In face of strong competition, companies in Brazil have increased their financial investments in automation, offering new products and services and reducing operating costs. These companies are focusing their efforts on core competencies and, therefore, they often lack the internal expertise to implement new projects, especially those that bring technological innovation. For this reason, we use the processes of outsourcing or subcontracting to help implement such projects. The unit of analysis in this study is the project and the object of the study to analyze the process of knowledge transfer from a provider to a customer during the duration of the project, which involves new technologies. The main motivation of this work is to address the acquisition and retention of new knowledge related to projects designed for business customers. We have developed a study of three cases of multiple financial firms that buy new technologies and two suppliers of information technology. As a practical result, a management model of knowledge transfer and retention of knowledge in client companies is proposed and incorporated into project management.

Using a Theoretical Framework to Investigate Whether the HIV/AIDS Information Needs of the AfroAIDSinfo Web Portal Members Are Met: A South African eHealth Study

eHealth has been identified as a useful approach to disseminate HIV/AIDS information. Together with Consumer Health Informatics (CHI), the Web-to-Public Knowledge Transfer Model (WPKTM) has been applied as a theoretical framework to identify consumer needs for AfroAIDSinfo, a South African Web portal. As part of the CHI practice, regular eSurveys are conducted to determine whether these needs are changing and are continually being met. eSurveys show high rates of satisfaction with the content as well as the modes of delivery. The nature of information is thought of as reliable to reuse; both for education and for referencing of information. Using CHI and the WPKTM as a theoretical framework, it ensures that needs of consumers are being met and that they find the tailored methods of presenting the information agreeable. Combining ICTs and theories in eHealth interventions, this approach can be expanded to deliver information in other sectors of public health.

Study on the Trust Model for Knowledge Transfer

Knowledge transfer (KT) in organizations (including the profitable enterprises and non-profit institutions) has a great impact on their development and improvement. The fundamental form of organizational structure can be depict by trust relationship model, which qualitatively describes the causal relationship that exists between the members in the organizations. Although quantitative investigations are restricted by the amount of sample members and their access methods, they do explain the link between trust measurement and KT to some extent. Our research shows that three types of trust, Trust-Based Command Group (CT), Trust-Based Task Group (TT) and Trust-Based Interest Group (IT), are positively correlated and KT intention will ultimately affect transfer behaviour. The empirical quantitative analysis, using the questionnaire method, indicates that the influence degree order (from strong to weak) of the three types of trust on KT is: CT, IT, TT.

How research funding agencies support science integration into policy and practice: An international overview

BackgroundFunding agencies constitute one essential pillar for policy makers, researchers and health service delivery institutions. Such agencies are increasingly providing support for science implementation. In this paper, we investigate health research funding agencies and how they support the integration of science into policy, and of science into practice, and vice versa.MethodsWe selected six countries: Australia, The Netherlands, France, Canada, England and the United States. For 13 funding agencies, we compared their intentions to support, their actions related to science integration into policy and practice, and the reported benefits of this integration. We did a qualitative content analysis of the reports and information provided on the funding agencies’ websites.ResultsMost funding agencies emphasized the importance of science integration into policy and practice in their strategic orientation, and stated how this integration was structured. Their funding activities were embedded in the push, pull, or linkage/exchange knowledge transfer model. However, few program funding efforts were based on all three models. The agencies reported more often on the benefits of integration on practice, rather than on policy. External programs that were funded largely covered science integration into policy and practice at the end of grant stage, while overlooking the initial stages. Finally, external funding actions were more prominent than internally initiated bridging activities and training activities on such integration.ConclusionsThis paper contributes to research on science implementation because it goes beyond the two community model of researchers versus end users, to include funding agencies. Users of knowledge may be end users in health organizations like hospitals; civil servants assigned to decision making positions within funding agencies; civil servants outside of the Ministry of Health, such as the Ministry of the Environment; politicians deciding on health-related legislation; or even university researchers whose work builds on previous research. This heterogeneous sample of users may require different user-specific mechanisms for research initiation, development and dissemination. This paper builds the foundation for further discussion on science implementation from the perspective of funding agencies in the health field. In general, case studies can help in identifying best practices for evidence-informed decision making.