IS Model Research Articles

Digital payments, ownership structure, and bank performance: insights from Jordan

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the connection between digital payments, ownership structure, and bank performance in Jordan, as well as investigate the moderating role of the independent director in the said relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses data from 12 Amman stock exchange-listed commercial banks, covering the period from 2010 to 2023. This paper employs econometric analysis of panel data, including ordinary least squares (OLS) regression as the primary approach, as well as the generalised method of moments, the two-stage least square (2SLS), and the dynamic model to deal with causality and endogeneity issues in the proposed equations. This ensures that the results are valid.FindingsThe results indicate that digital payments and ownership structure have a significant positive connection with bank performance. Additionally, the independent director variable appears to play a substantial and positive moderating role in the link between ownership structure (e.g. institutional ownership) and bank performance. These results strengthen and support the claims of agency theory and the information systems success model.Practical implicationsOverall, this research helps stakeholders, bankers, managers, investors, customers, and policymakers, identify the influence of digital payment and ownership structure on bank performance in developing economies such as that of Jordan.Originality/valueThis investigation offers a unique understanding by illuminating how digital payment and ownership structure affect bank performance in a developing country such as Jordan. Additionally, it opens avenues for future research to delve into this literature domain in North African and Middle Eastern nations, with a particular focus on Jordan. This investigation is among the initial explorations in Jordan that aim to elucidate these relationships. On the theoretical level, it adds to the agency theory and IS model. It provides new insights into the dynamics of industry banking in developing nations (i.e. Jordan).

Dynamic Analysis of the Multichannel Supply Chain Under Carbon Subsidy Policy

For achieving the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, the government will further strengthen subsidies to enterprises for carbon emission reduction. This paper investigates the long-term repeated game behavior of manufacturer and retailer in multichannel supply chains under three different forms of government subsidies. The long-term repeated game behavior of manufacturer and retailer is studied under the manufacturer green innovation subsidy model (IS model), manufacturer production subsidy model (MS model) and retailer sales subsidy model (RS model). Under three situations, excessive price adjustment can easily lead to system instability and sharp fluctuations in profits. Two methods are used for chaos control and management, and the parameter adjustment control method is found having more advantages for system re-stabilization.

Сondition of pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems in guinea pigs’ lungs under the condition of immobilization stress.

We have investigated the results of alterations in indices of pro-oxidant (conjugated diene and malondialdehyde ) and antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, ceruloplasmin, catalase) systems in guinea pigs’ lungs under the conditions of immobilization stress. The experiment was conducted on 40 female guinea pigs weighing 0.18-0.20 kg. The animals were divided into 4 groups, each contained 10 guinea pigs: I – intact guinea pigs ( control), II–guinea pigs with model of IS on1st day of experiment;Ш–animals on 2nd day of experiment;IV- group of animals on 34th day of experimental model of IS.
 The results of our experimental work showed a significant accumulation of lipid peroxidation products in the lung`s tissure in different periods ( on 1st, 2nd and 34th days) of immobilization stress. The state of antioxidant defence was characterized by moderate decrease of inzymes activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and ceruloplasmin). disorders of balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems couse oxidative stress development.

D-allose Inhibits TLR4/PI3K/AKT Signaling to Attenuate Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Apoptosis by Inhibiting Gal-3 Following Ischemic Stroke

BackgroundIschemic stroke (IS) occurs when a blood vessel supplying the brain becomes obstructed, resulting in cerebral ischemia. This type of stroke accounts for approximately 87% of all strokes. Globally, IS leads to high mortality and poor prognosis and is associated with neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis. D-allose is a bio-substrate of glucose that is widely expressed in many plants. Our previous study showed that D-allose exerted neuroprotective effects against acute cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury by reducing neuroinflammation. Here, we aimed to clarify the beneficial effects D-allose in suppressing IS-induced neuroinflammation damage, cytotoxicity, neuronal apoptosis and neurological deficits and the underlying mechanism in vitro and in vivo.MethodsIn vivo, an I/R model was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) in C57BL/6 N mice, and D-allose was given by intraperitoneal injection within 5 min after reperfusion. In vitro, mouse hippocampal neuronal cells (HT-22) with oxygen–glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R) were established as a cell model of IS. Neurological scores, some cytokines, cytotoxicity and apoptosis in the brain and cell lines were measured. Moreover, Gal-3 short hairpin RNAs, lentiviruses and adeno-associated viruses were used to modulate Gal-3 expression in neurons in vitro and in vivo to reveal the molecular mechanism.ResultsD-allose alleviated cytotoxicity, including cell viability, LDH release and apoptosis, in HT-22 cells after OGD/R, which also alleviated brain injury, as indicated by lesion volume, brain edema, neuronal apoptosis, and neurological functional deficits, in a mouse model of I/R. Moreover, D-allose decreased the release of inflammatory factors, such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Furthermore, the expression of Gal-3 was increased by I/R in wild-type mice and HT-22 cells, and this factor further bound to TLR4, as confirmed by three-dimensional structure prediction and Co-IP. Silencing the Gal-3 gene with shRNAs decreased the activation of TLR4 signaling and alleviated IS-induced neuroinflammation, apoptosis and brain injury. Importantly, the loss of Gal-3 enhanced the D-allose-mediated protection against I/R-induced HT-22 cell injury, inflammatory insults and apoptosis, whereas activation of TLR4 by the selective agonist LPS increased the degree of neuronal injury and abolished the protective effects of D-allose.ConclusionsIn summary, D-allose plays a crucial role in inhibiting inflammation after IS by suppressing Gal-3/TLR4/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.

Fostering a virtual knowledge sharing community in a Malaysian financial institution

The purpose of this research was to study the set-up process of cultivating a knowledge sharing community in a financial institution comprising of 500 over employees. The areas that were researched were – what major issues can be identified during the set-up phase, the critical success factors, and way-forward plans to sustain this program. This paper proposes in adopting an IS model in implementing a virtual knowledge sharing community. Conforming to a case study approach, the study investigates the outcomes of a 14-month on-going implementation program, encompassing of strategic discussions and multiple workshops in assessing critical knowledge assets and developing techniques in how best to manage explicit and tacit knowledge, amongst knowledge workers. The valuable insights were focused, in particular on KM training for the newly designated ‘KM Stewards’ who were responsible of driving the organisational KM strategic initiatives and the implementation of a KM capability assessment technique that can be adopted in a financial sector. Special emphasis was made in building the skills in intra-organisational cooperation and management engagement for meeting the challenge of ‘capturing’ and codifying tacit knowledge and ultimately the generation of lessons learned and fostering of virtual communities of practice in promoting a new form of ‘collective intelligence’ in the organisation. With practitioners’ experience in adopting an IS model, this paper will highlight the implementation road map for assessing the usage of knowledge management systems, challenges faced by the KM Task Force, action plans and outcomes with the user community. Finally, this article will be able to contribute to the theoretical knowledge on knowledge sharing in the financial sector of domain. The research methodology is discussed, followed by results and a discussion of the results. Finally, conclusion and future research are presented.

Empirical Analysis on Price Discovery Efficiency of Cotton Futures in China

Futures markets are fundamentally driven by price discovery. China has the highest cotton output and consumption, so enhancing the cotton futures price discovery function promotes the sustainable and healthy growth of China's cotton sector. We used cotton futures and spot prices from 2018 to 2022 as research samples to examine the changes in cotton futures price discovery efficiency amid the Sino-US trade war and the appearance of Covid-19. Using the IS model, we observed that: (1) the cotton futures market always holds a dominating position in price discovery throughout 2018-2022, and (2) the impact of Covid-19 significantly lowered the price discovery function of the cotton futures market, which shows that: (1) the Chinese cotton futures market is not yet able to endure the impact of unexpected and large-scale health events such as Covid-19; and (2) when emergencies arise, we should respond expeditiously in order to reestablish market stability.

Circular RNA CircPDS5B impairs angiogenesis following ischemic stroke through its interaction with hnRNPL to inactivate VEGF-A

BackgroundIschemic stroke (IS) is the primary cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been proposed as crucial regulators in IS. This study focused on the role of circPDS5B in IS and its underlying mechanism. MethodTransient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mice and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-exposed human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) were used as IS models. Expression levels of circPDS5B, heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNPL), runt-related transcription factor-1 (Runx1), and Zinc finger protein 24 (ZNF24) were quantified by qRT-PCR. MTT, wound healing, transwell and tube formation assays were employed to evaluate the cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, respectively. Moreover, RNA pull-down, and RIP assay were performed to investigate the interaction among circPDS5B, hnRNPL and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). ResultscircPDS5B was significantly up-regulated in IS patients and tMCAO mice. Deficiency of circPDS5B relieved brain infarction and neuronal injury of tMCAO mice. OGD/R-induced apoptosis, inhibition in viability, migration, and angiogenesis in BMECs were dramatically abrogated by circPDS5B knockdown. Mechanistically, circPDS5B stabilized Runx1 and ZNF24 via recruiting hnRNPL, thereby suppressing the transcription and expression of VEGFA. hnRNPL silencing strengthened circPDS5B knockdown-mediated beneficial effect on IS. ConclusionAltogether, our study showed that high expression of circPDS5B exacerbated IS through recruitment of hnRNPL to stabilize Runx1/ZNF24 and subsequently inactivate VEGFA. Our findings suggest circPDS5B may be a novel therapeutic target for IS.

Loureirin C inhibits ferroptosis after cerebral ischemia reperfusion through regulation of the Nrf2 pathway in mice

BackgroundIschemic stroke (IS) is considered as a serious cerebral vascular disease. Ferroptosis is a novel type of regulated cell death (RCD), that closely related to the occurrence and progress of IS. Loureirin C, a type of dihydrochalcone compound derived from the Chinese Dragon's blood (CDB). The effective components extracted from CDB have shown neuroprotective effects in ischemia reperfusion models. However, the role of Loureirin C in mice after IS is not well understood. Thus, it is worth to identify the effect and mechanism of Loureirin C on IS. PurposeThe present research aims to prove the existence of ferroptosis in IS and explore whether Loureirin C can inhibit ferroptosis by regulating nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in mice and exert neuroprotective effects on IS models. MethodsMiddle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was established to evaluate the occurrence of ferroptosis and the potential Loureirin C brain-protective effect in vivo. The analysis of free iron, glutamate content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation levels, along with transmission electron microscope (TEM) was applied to prove the existence of ferroptosis. The function of Loureirin C on Nrf2 nuclear translocation was verified by immunofluorescence staining. In vitro, primary neurons and SH-SY5Y cells were processed with Loureirin C after oxygen and glucose deprivation-reperfusion (OGD/R). ELISA kits, western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) analysis, immunofluorescence, and quantitative real-time PCR were devoted to proving the neuroprotective effects of Loureirin C on IS via regulating ferroptosis and Nrf2 pathways. ResultsThe results showed that Loureirin C not only dramatically alleviated brain injury and inhibited neurons ferroptosis in mice after MCAO/R, but also dose-dependently reduce ROS accumulation in ferroptosis after OGD/R. Further, Loureirin C inhibits ferroptosis by activating Nrf2 pathway, and promoting nuclear translocation of Nrf2. Besides, Loureirin C increases heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) content after IS. Intriguingly, the anti-ferroptosis effect of Loureirin C is weakened by Nrf2 knockdown. ConclusionOur discoveries first revealed that the inhibitory action of Loureirin C on ferroptosis may greatly depend on its adjusting effect on the Nrf2 pathway, suggesting that Loureirin C could act as a novel anti-ferroptosis candidate and play a therapeutic role in IS. These novel discoveries on the role of Loureirin C on IS models reveal an innovative method that may contribute to neuroprotection for the prevention of IS.

Application of the updated DeLone and McLean IS success method to investigate e-CRM effectiveness

Information and communication technology has a significant influence on employee procedures. Businesses are investing in e-CRM technologies, yet it is difficult to assess the performance of their e-CRM platforms. The DeLone and McLean Information Systems Success framework can be modified to the current e-CRM assessment difficulties. The new framework's different aspects provide a concise framework for organizing the e-CRM key metrics identified in this study. The purpose of this study is to apply and verify that the Updated DeLone and McLean IS Model can be employed to explain e-CRM adoption among employees, along with the extended Updated DeLone and McLean Model with its five output factors, namely system quality, service quality, information quality, ease of use employee satisfaction. For this study, data was collected from 300 employees working on e-CRM and the data were analyzed using PLS-SEM. The experimental framework has a significant effect and shows that most of the hypotheses of the study are supported. Moreover, the framework contributes to the area of the success of e-CRM and individual performance.

The adoption of the e-portfolio management system in the Technical and Vocational Training Corporation (TVTC) in Saudi Arabia

The Electronic Portfolio Management System (EPMS) is one such system, but despite its importance, its extensive adoption among institutions remains low because the end-user rejects its use. EPMS adoption in Technical and Vocational Training Corporation (TVTC). Hence, in the context of TVTC organizations, EPMS adoption needs an effective framework to highlight the factors influencing EPMS adoption and eventually positively affecting the employees’ performance. This study classified the factors into three dimensions (technological, organizational, and environmental) based on the level of interaction. With the help of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), De Lone and Mc Lean's IS model, and the Technology, Organization and Environment (TOE) model, this study developed and proposed a robust framework. The study used a quantitative approach in which copies of an online questionnaire were passed and distributed to 375 respondents in TVTC institutions. The analysis of the collected data was done using AMOS-SEM 3 statistical software. The finding revealed that technology, organization, and environment, which are second-order factors, had significant and positive effects on EPMS adoption. The results also supported a substantial relationship between EPMS adoption and the performance of employees (Academicians and Managerial), with the entire first-order factors comprising of technological factors, namely perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived information quality, perceived system quality, and perceived service quality, organizational factors, namely financial support, top management support and training, and environmental factors, namely cloud computing ability, government role, and big data facility were examined for their role in the adoption of EPMS among Saudi TVTC, and were and were found to be significant and accounted 43% of the variance in the EMPS adoption. At the same time, the EPMS adoption explains 39% of the variance extracted from employees’ performance. This study contributes theoretically by filling a gap in the literature and providing new validation for the TAM, De Lone and Mc Lean's IS model, and TOE. The practical value lies in giving the policy makers and decision makers essential information to adopt EPMS in less time and effort.

System and Information Qualities in Mobile Fitness Apps and Their Effects on User Behavior and Performance

ABSTRACT Grounded in goal setting theory and other IS models, this study introduces a robust model, that examines the determinants of MFA goal setting and goal tracking use, and their impact on user behavior and achievement. The empirical results show that system quality and information quality are two key determinants of MFA goal setting and goal tracking use, which significantly influence a user’s goal achievement and behavioral change in terms of physical activities.

Analysis of the Albanian Economy through the IS-LM Model

The objective of the study is the analysis of IS-LM curves. The aim is to prove that the current theoretical models of IS-LM are not applicable in the Albanian economy. In this paper, the theoretical IS-LM model is analyzed according to the balance of I = S (investment - savings), and AE = Y (aggregate expenditure - gross domestic product). The models I + G = S + T and NX = NFI are not analyzed in this study. Two representative models were obtained, by the authors Hicks - Hansen and Dornbusch - Fischer - Startz. The theoretical and practical aspects of the application of the models are analyzed. The defect of the Dornbusch-Fischer-Startz model and the impossibility of applying it to the data of the Albanian economy is evident. The authors have proposed an improvement of the Hicks-Hansen model for the IS curve because the theoretical model is not applicable. They have replaced the half where Investment equals Savings with a reflection curve of the opportunity cost. This has made the model effective. In the analysis, two of the features of the Albanian economy were taken into consideration: the structure of the currency market where half of it is covered by foreign currency (euro and dollar), and the informal economy that affects the exchange rates and the effectiveness of the policies of the Bank of Albania. In the material, it is found that the transmission effect of the monetary policies implemented by the Bank of Albania is missing. There are weak connections between the rate of REPOs, monetary aggregates and some of the macroeconomic indicators. The rate of inflation and the rate of REPOs are strongly related to the first direction. Recommended; to apply the IS model according to the proposal made by the authors, to realize the de-euroization of the market, to change the objective of the Central Bank, putting as the main objective the preservation of the exchange rate of All in function of economic growth and financial stability. In the analysis, the method of comparison, description, analytical methods and statistical methods are used. Used Data is from INSTAT and the Central Bank of Albania.
 
 Received: 18 July 2022 / Accepted: 25 August 2022 / Published: 2 September 2022

Resolving primary pathomechanisms driving idiopathic-like spinal curvature using a new katnb1 scoliosis model

SummaryIdiopathic scoliosis (IS) refers to abnormal spinal curvatures that occur in the absence of vertebral or neuromuscular defects. IS accounts for 80% of human spinal deformity, afflicts ∼3% of children worldwide, yet pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood. A key role for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) homeostasis in zebrafish spine development has been identified. Specifically, defects in cilia motility of brain ependymal cells (EC), CSF flow, and/or Reissner fiber (RF) assembly are observed to induce neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, abnormal CSF-contacting neuron activity, and urotensin peptide expression, all associating with scoliosis. However, the functional relevance of these observations to IS remains unclear. Here we characterize zebrafish katnb1 mutants as a new IS model. We define essential roles for Katnb1 in motile ciliated lineages, uncouple EC cilia and RF formation defects from spinal curvature, and identify abnormal CSF flow and cell stress responses as shared pathogenic signatures associated with scoliosis across diverse zebrafish models.

Competitive sustainable processes and pricing decisions in omnichannel closed-up supply chains under different channel power structures

In recent years, omnichannel retailing and remanufacturing issues have rapidly emerged in the closed-loop supply chain (CLSC). The omnichannel is a combination of online and in-store retailing, and it affects supply chain relationships and channel power structures by changing value creation processes. It allows consumers a hybrid shopping experience where they can order products online and pick them up in the store or test in-store and buy online (TSBO). Despite this practice, no studies exist on CLSC considering omnichannel retailing under different channel power structures. We investigate the TSBO retailing strategy and its impact on CLSC profit considering price competition between manufacturer and remanufacturer under Manufacturer Stackelberg (MS), Retailer Stackelberg (RS), Vertical Nash (VN), and cooperation (CO) models game settings. In this paper, mathematical models are developed to drive the optimal solution. A two-part tariff coordination mechanism (i.e., IS model) is also used to integrate all supply chain members. The proposed models examine the environmental and social welfare benefits of adopting green innovation products and remanufacturing processes in omnichannel retailing. A numerical study is carried out to illustrate the proposed models' application. The results show that the IS model can synchronize the economic, environmental, and social aspects leading to significant increases in performance. Total supply chain profit under the CO model is the highest. The manufacturer and remanufacturer generate higher profits in the MS model, whereas the retailer makes higher profits in the RS and VN models. When a manufacturer only wants to increase profit with green processes and is not concerned about omnichannel processes, more resources must be allocated for green innovation.

Propose a New Quality Model for M-Learning Application in Light of COVID-19

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) prevented millions of students around the world from receiving their lessons, because of the closure of thousands of schools. The new COVID-19 global epidemic invaded the barriers of time and space. Using mobile phones in education is a new form of the distance learning system. M-learning is characterized by many characteristics, the most important of which are providing an interactive educational environment, flexibility in space and time, better adaptation to individual needs, acquisition of knowledge, interactive effectiveness, and developing self-learning skills for students. The main aim of this paper is to suggest a quality model for M-learning applications for children which contains the most common characteristics of M-learning, which must be taken into account when designing M-learning applications. Through previous studies related to the quality model for M-learning applications, we proposed two quality characteristics, technical and pedagogical. We proposed 8 subcharacteristics with their features following the structure of the IOS/IEC 912 and DeLone and McLean IS model to find the effect of technical and pedagogical factors on user satisfaction with M-learning applications for children. Results show that the proposed model can be useful and effective to ensure the development of high-quality M-learning applications.

Probiotics counteract hepatic steatosis caused by ketogenic diet and upregulate AMPK signaling in a model of infantile epilepsy.

SummaryBackgroundInfantile spasms syndrome (IS) is a type of epilepsy affecting 1.6 to 4.5 per 10,000 children in the first year of life, often with severe lifelong neurodevelopmental consequences. Only two first-line pharmacological treatments currently exist for IS and many children are refractory to these therapies. In such cases, children are treated with the ketogenic diet (KD). While effective in reducing seizures, the diet can result in dyslipidemia over time.MethodsEmploying a neonatal Sprague-Dawley rat model of IS, we investigated how the KD affects hepatic steatosis and its modulation by a defined probiotic blend. A combination of multiple readouts, including malondialdehyde, fatty acid profiles, lipid metabolism-related enzyme mRNA expression, mitochondrial function, histone deacetylase activity, cytokines and chemokines were evaluated using liver homogenates.FindingsThe KD reduced seizures, but resulted in severe hepatic steatosis, characterized by a white liver, triglyceride accumulation, elevated malondialdehyde, polyunsaturated fatty acids and lower acyl-carnitines compared to animals fed a control diet. The KD-induced metabolic phenotype was prevented by the co-administration of a blend of Streptococcus thermophilus HA-110 and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis HA-136. This probiotic blend protected the liver by elevating pAMPK-mediated signaling and promoting lipid oxidation. The strains further upregulated the expression of caspase 1 and interleukin 18, which may contribute to their hepatoprotective effect in this model.InterpretationOur results suggest that early intervention with probiotics could be considered as an approach to reduce the risk of hepatic side effects of the KD in children who are on the diet for medically indicated reasons.FundingThis study was funded by the Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute and Mitacs Accelerate Program (IT16942).

Technological Innovations Utilization Framework: The Complementary Powers of UTAUT, HOT–Fit Framework and; DeLone and McLean IS Model

Technological Innovations Utilization Framework: The Complementary Powers of UTAUT, HOT–Fit Framework and; DeLone and McLean IS Model

LncRNA MEG3 inhibits the proliferation of neural stem cells after ischemic stroke via the miR-493–5P/MIF axis

ObjectiveThe proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs11NSCs: neural stem cells.), or lack thereof, can have profound effects on brain tissue remodeling for ischemic stroke (IS22IS: ischemic stroke.). In this study, we aimed to reveal the influence of the lncRNA MEG3/miR-493–5p/MIF axis on NSC proliferation after IS. MethodsWe established an oxygen glucose-deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R33OGD/R: oxygen and glucose confinement/reoxygenation.) in vitro model of IS in NSCs. We evaluated NSC isolation efficiency and proliferation by NESTIN, SOX2, and PCNA immunofluorescence staining. MEG3 and miR-493–5P levels were assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR44qRT-PCR: quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.). Changes in MIF protein expression levels were analyzed using Western blotting. We then evaluated the role of MEG3 and miR-493–5p by transfection of si-MEG3, a miR-493–5p mimic, or miR-493–5p inhibitor. NSC proliferation was quantified using Cell Counting Kit-8 analysis. ResultsNESTIN and SOX2 were co-expressed in endogenous NSCs. Following OGD/R, MEG3 and miR-493–5P were significantly upregulated in NSCs, while MIF levels decreased and proliferation was inhibited. Knockdown of MEG3 inhibited miR-493–5p and rescued expression of MIF and PCNA, restoring cellular proliferation levels. In NSCs transfected with a miR-493–5p mimic or inhibitor, MIF levels were down- or upregulated, respectively. Consistently, transfection of a miR-493–5p mimic reduced NSC proliferation, while transfection with a miR-493–5p inhibitor or si-MEG3 rescued the inhibitory effect of OGD/R on NSC proliferation. After co-transfection of si-MEG3 and a miR-493–5p mimic of OGD/R-induced NSCs, levels of PCNA, an indicator of cellular proliferation, were significantly reduced. Conclusion MEG3 inhibits NSC proliferation of after IS via positive regulation of miR-493–5p and potential subsequent downregulation of MIF.

Condition of pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems in guinea pigs’ lungs under the condition of immobilization stress

We have investigated the results of alterations in indices of pro-oxidant (conjugated diene and malondialdehyde) and antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, ceruloplasmin, catalase) systems in guinea pigs’ lungs under the conditions of immobilization stress. The experiment was conducted on 40 female guinea pigs weighing 0.18-0.20 kg. The animals were divided into 4 groups, each contained 10 guinea pigs: I – intact guinea pigs (control), II–guinea pigs with model of IS on1st day of experiment;Ш–animals on 2nd day of experiment;IV- group of animals on 34th day of experimental model of IS.
 The results of our experimental work showed a significant accumulation of lipid peroxidation products in the lung`s tissure in different periods (on 1st, 2nd and 34th days) of immobilization stress. The state of antioxidant defence was characterized by moderate decrease of inzymes activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase and ceruloplasmin). disorders of balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant systems couse oxidative stress development.

Addressing implementation considerations when developing universal interventions for speech, language and communication needs in the ordinary classroom: a protocol for a scoping review

Background: Understanding the factors that influence the implementation of health interventions in the context of education is essential to improving outcomes for children and young people with speech and language needs (SLCN). Yet implementation considerations have not been adequately addressed when developing interventions for this context. The aim of this paper is to present a protocol for a scoping review of existing implementation frameworks that might guide SLCN intervention research in schools. Methods: In accordance with scoping review guidelines, the study will be conducted in six phases: (1) identification of the research question, (2) identification of potentially relevant studies of Implementation Science frameworks, (3) study screening and selection, (4) charting and extracting data from identified frameworks, (5) collating, summarising and reporting the results and (6) consultation with stakeholders. Two reviewers will conduct the screening and extraction stages independently. Identified frameworks will be collated, and described, and constructs from the IS frameworks will be categorised using domains from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. A draft IS model will be proposed based on the findings of the scoping review. Conclusions: The findings of this review will provide guidance for researchers in addressing implementation considerations when developing universal interventions for SLCN in the ordinary classroom, and ultimately will contribute towards improving outcomes for this vulnerable childhood population.